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Scavuzzi BM, van Drongelen V, Holoshitz J. HLA-G and the MHC Cusp Theory. Front Immunol 2022; 13:814967. [PMID: 35281038 PMCID: PMC8913506 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.814967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human leukocyte antigens (HLA) are significant genetic risk factors in a long list of diseases. However, the mechanisms underlying these associations remain elusive in many cases. The best-characterized function of classical major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens is to allow safe presentation of antigenic peptides via a self/non-self-discrimination process. Therefore, most hypotheses to date have posited that the observed associations between certain HLA molecules and human diseases involve antigen presentation (AP). However, these hypotheses often represent inconsistencies with current knowledge. To offer answers to the inconsistencies, a decade ago we have invoked the MHC Cusp theory, postulating that in addition to its main role in AP, the MHC codes for allele-specific molecules that act as ligands in a conformationally-conserved cusp-like fold, which upon interaction with cognate receptors can trigger MHC-associated diseases. In the ensuing years, we have provided empirical evidence that substantiates the theory in several HLA-Class II-associated autoimmune diseases. Notably, in a recent study we have demonstrated that HLA-DRB1 alleles known to protect against several autoimmune diseases encode a protective epitope at the cusp region, which activates anti-inflammatory signaling leading to transcriptional and functional modulatory effects. Relevant to the topic of this session, cusp ligands demonstrate several similarities to the functional effects of HLA-G. The overall goal of this opinion article is to delineate the parallels and distinctive features of the MHC Cusp theory with structural and functional aspects of HLA-G molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vincent van Drongelen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Joseph Holoshitz
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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2
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The HLA-G Immune Checkpoint Plays a Pivotal Role in the Regulation of Immune Response in Autoimmune Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413348. [PMID: 34948145 PMCID: PMC8706866 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The human G-leukocyte antigen (HLA-G) molecule is a non-classical major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecule. The pertinence of HLA-G has been investigated in numerous studies which have sought to elucidate the relevance of HLA-G in pathologic conditions, such as autoimmune diseases, cancers, and hematologic malignancies. One of the main goals of the current research on HLA-G is to use this molecule in clinical practice, either in diagnostics or as a therapeutic target. Since HLA-G antigens are currently considered as immunomodulatory molecules that are involved in reducing inflammatory and immune responses, in this review, we decided to focus on this group of antigens as potential determinants of progression in autoimmune diseases. This article highlights what we consider as recent pivotal findings on the immunomodulatory function of HLA-G, not only to establish the role of HLA-G in the human body, but also to explain how these proteins mediate the immune response.
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Gulati R, Kavadichanda GC, Mariaselvam CM, Kumar G, Negi VS. Association of HLA-G, HLA-E and HLA-B*27 with susceptibility and clinical phenotype of enthesitis related arthritis (ERA). Hum Immunol 2021; 82:615-620. [PMID: 34183176 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2021.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
We studied the association of Enthesitis related arthritis (ERA) the most common variant of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) in Asians, with HLA-G and -E polymorphisms. HLA-G (14 bp Ins/Del rs371194629, +3142 rs1063320, +3187 rs9380142) and HLA-E (rs1264457, and rs2844724) polymorphisms were analyzed in 127 patients with ERA and 381 ethnically matched healthy controls with TaqMan 5'-nuclease assay using allele-specific fluorogenic oligonucleotide probes. HLA-G and -E polymorphisms were not found to be associated with susceptibility to ERA. HLA-G +3187 (rs9380142) G allele was associated with hip arthritis (Pc = 0.04, OR = 2.22, 95%CI = 1.07-4.63) and hip deformity (Pc = 0.02, OR = 2.51, 95%CI = 1.16-5.43). HLA-B*27 was positive in 91. HLA-E rs1264457 G and rs2844724 T alleles may be associated with B*27 positivity in ERA. Among HLA-G, -E haplotypes, frequency of -InsGAAC was significantly higher in patients than healthy controls (Pc = 0.003). In conclusion, HLA-G and HLA-E haplotype -InsGAAC may be associated with susceptibility to ERA and HLA-G +3187 rs9380142 A>G polymorphism may be a poor prognostic marker for progression to hip arthritis and deformity in ERA-JIA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reena Gulati
- Department of Pediatrics, Genetic Services, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India.
| | - G Chengappa Kavadichanda
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India
| | - Christina Mary Mariaselvam
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India
| | - Gunjan Kumar
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India
| | - Vir Singh Negi
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India
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Adolf IC, Almars A, Dharsee N, Mselle T, Akan G, Nguma IJ, Nateri AS, Atalar F. HLA-G and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) associations with cancer in African populations: Implications in personal medicine. Genes Dis 2021; 9:1220-1233. [PMID: 35873024 PMCID: PMC9293715 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2021.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune system plays an important role in protecting the body against malignancy. During cancer immunoediting, the immune system can recognize and keep checking the tumor cells by down-expression of some self-molecules or by increasing expression of some novel molecules. However, the microenvironment created in the course of cancer development hampers the immune ability to recognize and destroy the transforming cells. Human Leukocyte Antigen G (HLA-G) is emerging as immune checkpoint molecule produced more by cancer cells to weaken the immune response against them. HLA-G is a non-classical HLA class I molecule which is normally expressed in immune privileged tissues as a soluble or membrane-bound protein. HLA-G locus is highly polymorphic in the non-coding 3′ untranslated region (UTR) and in the 5′ upstream regulatory region (5′ URR). HLA-G expression is controlled by polymorphisms located in these regions, and several association studies between these polymorphic sites and disease predisposition, response to therapy, and/or HLA-G protein expression have been reported. Various polymorphisms are demonstrated to modulate its expression and this is increasingly finding more significance in cancer biology. This review focuses on the relevance of the HLA-G gene and its polymorphisms in cancer development. We highlight population genetics of HLA-G as evidence to espouse the need and importance of exploring potential utility of HLA-G in cancer diagnosis, prognosis and immunotherapy in the currently understudied African population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismael Chatita Adolf
- Mbeya College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Dar es Salaam, Mbeya, P.O Box 608, Tanzania
| | - Amany Almars
- Cancer Genetics & Stem Cell Group, BioDiscovery Institute, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Nazima Dharsee
- Ocean Road Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, Dar es Salaam, P.O Box 3592, Tanzania
| | - Teddy Mselle
- Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, MUHAS Genetic Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Dar es Salaam, P.O Box 65001, Tanzania
| | - Gokce Akan
- Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, MUHAS Genetic Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Dar es Salaam, P.O Box 65001, Tanzania
| | - Irene Jeremiah Nguma
- Clinical Oncology Department, Mbeya Zonal Referral Hospital (MZRH), Mbeya P.O Box 419, Tanzania
| | - Abdolrahman S. Nateri
- Cancer Genetics & Stem Cell Group, BioDiscovery Institute, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
- Corresponding author.
| | - Fatmahan Atalar
- Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, MUHAS Genetic Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Dar es Salaam, P.O Box 65001, Tanzania
- Child Health Institute, Department of Rare Diseases, Istanbul University, Istanbul 34093, Turkey
- Corresponding author. Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, MUHAS Genetic Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, P.O Box 65001, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
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Closa L, Vidal F, Herrero MJ, Caro JL. High-throughput genotyping of HLA-G, HLA-F, MICA, and MICB and analysis of frequency distributions in healthy blood donors from Catalonia. HLA 2021; 97:420-427. [PMID: 33599111 DOI: 10.1111/tan.14221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Similarly to HLA class I molecules, certain non-classical HLA class I genes and MHC class I polypeptide-related sequences A and B (MICA and MICB) act as ligands for KIR and NKG2D natural killer receptors. Although these genes are less polymorphic than HLA class I, few studies have analyzed their association with diseases. Information on allele frequencies in healthy donors is needed to map their distribution worldwide. This study is the first to analyze high-resolution HLA-G, HLA-F, MICA, and MICB allele frequencies using a novel high-throughput next generation-sequencing method. We analyzed DNA samples from 96 unrelated blood donors resident in Catalonia, Spain, and registered in the Barcelona Blood and Tissue Bank. Using the first two fields of the HLA nomenclature, we detected six HLA-G and two HLA-F alleles. The most frequent alleles were HLA-G*01:01 (77.08%) and HLA-F*01:01(84.90%). When the four fields were analyzed, we detected 16 and 10 alleles, respectively. Nineteen alleles were detected for MICA and 10 for MICB. The most frequent alleles in these cases were MICA*008:01 (16.15%) and MICB*005:02 (46.84%). All frequencies were in Hardy Weinberg equilibrium except MICA. We also estimated maximum-likelihood haplotype frequencies and calculated corresponding linkage disequilibrium (LD) values and found that few allele pairs were in disequilibrium. Strong LD between MICA and HLA-B (using data from a previous study) was observed. Our findings will be useful for guiding further research evaluating the functional role of these genes in different diseases and populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laia Closa
- Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics Laboratory, Blood and Tissue Bank, Barcelona, Spain.,Transfusional Medicine Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute-Autonomous University of Barcelona (VHIR-UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Vidal
- Transfusional Medicine Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute-Autonomous University of Barcelona (VHIR-UAB), Barcelona, Spain.,Congenital Coagulopathy Laboratory, Blood and Tissue Bank, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER of Cardiovascular Diseases, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria J Herrero
- Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics Laboratory, Blood and Tissue Bank, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose L Caro
- Department of Immunology, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
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Li X, Sheng Z, Sun Y, Wang Y, Xu M, Zhang Z, Li H, Shao L, Zhang Y, Yu J, Ma C, Gao C, Hou M, Ni H, Peng J, Ma J, Feng Q. Human leukocyte antigen-G upregulates immunoglobulin-like transcripts and corrects dysfunction of immune cells in immune thrombocytopenia. Haematologica 2021; 106:770-781. [PMID: 32079695 PMCID: PMC7927897 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.204040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) is a non-classical major histocompatibility complex class I antigen with potent immune-inhibitory function. HLA-G benefit patients in allotransplantation and autoimmune diseases by interacting with its receptors, immunoglobulinlike transcripts. Here we observed significantly less HLA-G in plasma from immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) patients positive for anti-platelet autoantibodies compared with autoantibodies-negative patients or healthy controls, while we found that HLA-G is positively correlated with platelet counts in both patients and healthy controls. We also found less membranebound HLA-G and immunoglobulin-like transcripts on CD4+ and CD14+ cells in patients. Recombinant HLA-G upregulated immunoglobulin-like transcript 2 expression on CD4+ and immunoglobulin-like transcript 4 on CD14+ cells. HLA-G upregulated IL-4 and IL-10, and downregulated tumor necrosis factor-a, IL-12 and IL-17 secreted by patient peripheral blood mononuclear cells, suggesting a stimulation of Th2 differentiation and downregulation of Th1 and Th17 immune response. HLA-G-modulated dendritic cells from ITP patients showed decreased expression of CD80 and CD86, and suppressed CD4+ T-cell proliferation compared to unmodulated cells. Moreover, HLA-G-modulated cells from patients induced less platelet apoptosis. HLA-G administration also significantly alleviated thrombocytopenia in a murine model of ITP. In conclusion, our data demonstrated that impaired expression of HLA-G and immunoglobulin-like transcripts is involved in the pathogenesis of ITP; recombinant HLA-G can correct this abnormality via upregulation of immunoglobulin-like transcripts, indicating that HLA-G can be a diagnostic marker and a therapeutic option for ITP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zi Sheng
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuanxin Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shandong Provincial Institute of Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Shandong Cancer Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuanjian Wang
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Miao Xu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhiyue Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Linlin Shao
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yanqi Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shandong Provincial Institute of Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Shandong Cancer Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jinming Yu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Chunhong Ma
- Department of Immunology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Chengjiang Gao
- Department of Immunology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Ming Hou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shandong Provincial Institute of Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Shandong Cancer Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Heyu Ni
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Center for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Canadian Blood Services Center for Innovation, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jun Peng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shandong Provincial Institute of Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Shandong Cancer Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ji Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China,Department of Medical Oncology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qi Feng
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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7
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Bieniek-Kobuszewska M, Owczarczyk-Saczonek A, Maciejewska-Radomska A, Wojtacha P, Placek W. Analysis of key markers: IL-10/sHLA-G in psoriasis patients and the identification of 14-bp INDEL in the HLA-G gene. Ital J Dermatol Venerol 2020; 157:62-68. [PMID: 33314901 DOI: 10.23736/s2784-8671.20.06878-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoriasis is a chronic inflammation resulting from interactions between immunological and genetic factors. An important tolerogenic role in this autoimmunological disease is played by HLA-G, which is modulated by IL-10. Therefore, this study (N.=80) aimed to evaluate changes in the serum sHLA-G and IL-10 levels in active psoriasis vulgaris and in the early stages of treatment with Methotrexate (MTX) compared to healthy controls. The 14-bp INDEL of the HLA-G gene was evaluated to find possible associations with clinical and laboratory variables. METHODS The level of sHLA-G and IL-10 in serum was evaluated (ELISA tests) in patients before the first dose of MTX and at week 12 of treatment, compared to healthy control donors. The 14-bp INDEL in 3'UTR of the HLA-G gene was identified using gDNA templates isolated from full blood. HLA-G amplicons were obtained by PCR, separated by electrophoresis and sequenced. RESULTS The mean serum IL-10 level was 4.653±3.33 pg/mL in psoriatic patients, 13.3±9.64 pg/mL after short MTX treatment, compared to 6.23 pg/mL in healthy controls. In addition, the serum level of sHLA-G was 0.275±0.03 ng/mL and 0.332±0.06 ng/mL in patients before and after MTX treatment, respectively, and 0.302±0.08 ng/mL in the control group. A correlation was found (r=-0.43; P<0.005) between the IL-10 and BSA serum levels in psoriasis patients after MTX treatment, indicating health improvement. The three genotypes identified in the 3'UTR of the HLA-G revealed no association with sHLA-G level in serum. CONCLUSIONS The mean levels of sHLA-G and the key anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in the blood of pretreatment psoriasis patients are low and indicate that the immunotolerance mechanisms have failed. Treatment of psoriasis patients with low systemic levels of sHLA-G and IL-10 brings them to the same or higher protein levels, respectively, as in healthy donors. Higher sHLA-G levels in healthy donors and after MTX treatment, compared to the sHLA-G levels in the acute phase of psoriasis, indicates its immune system surveillance function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyna Bieniek-Kobuszewska
- Department and Clinic of Dermatology, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland -
| | - Agnieszka Owczarczyk-Saczonek
- Department and Clinic of Dermatology, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | | | - Paweł Wojtacha
- Department of Industrial and Food Microbiology, Faculty of Food Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Waldemar Placek
- Department and Clinic of Dermatology, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
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NKG2A/CD94 Is a New Immune Receptor for HLA-G and Distinguishes Amino Acid Differences in the HLA-G Heavy Chain. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21124362. [PMID: 32575403 PMCID: PMC7352787 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cell therapies are a tool to antagonize a dysfunctional immune system. NK cells recognize malignant cells, traffic to a tumor location, and infiltrate the solid tumor. The immune checkpoint molecule human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G is upregulated on malignant cells but not on healthy surrounding cells, the requirement of understanding the basis of receptor mediated events at the HLA-G/NK cell interface becomes obvious. The NK cell receptors ILT2 and KIR2DL4 have been described to bind to HLA-G; however, their differential function and expression levels on NK cell subsets suggest the existence of an unreported receptor. Here, we performed a ligand-based receptor capture on living cells utilizing sHLA-G*01:01 molecules coupled to TriCEPS and bound to NK cells followed by mass spectrometric analyses. We could define NKG2A/CD94 as a cognate receptor of HLA-G. To verify the results, we used the reciprocal method by expressing recombinant soluble heterodimeric NKG2A/CD94 molecules and used them to target HLA-G*01:01 expressing cells. NKG2A/CD94 could be confirmed as an immune receptor of HLA-G*01:01. Despite HLA-G is marginal polymorphic, we could previously demonstrate that the most common allelic subtypes HLA-G*01:01/01:03 and 01:04 differ in peptide repertoire, their engagement to NK cells, their catalyzation of dNK cell proliferation and their impact on NK cell development. Continuing these studies with regard to NKG2A/CD94 engagement we engineered recombinant single antigen presenting K562 cells and targeted the surface expressed HLA-G*01:01, 01:03 or 01:04 molecules with NKG2A/CD94. Specificity and sensitivity of HLA-G*01:04/NKG2A/CD94 engagement could be significantly verified. The binding affinity decreases when using K562-G*01:03 or K562-G*01:01 cells as targets. These results demonstrate that the ligand-receptor assignment between HLA-G and NKG2A/CD94 is dependent of the amino acid composition in the HLA-G heavy chain. Understanding the biophysical basis of receptor-mediated events that lead to NK cell inhibition would help to remove non-tumor reactive cells and support personalized mild autologous NK cell therapies.
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Furukawa A, Meguro M, Yamazaki R, Watanabe H, Takahashi A, Kuroki K, Maenaka K. Evaluation of the Reactivity and Receptor Competition of HLA-G Isoforms toward Available Antibodies: Implications of Structural Characteristics of HLA-G Isoforms. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20235947. [PMID: 31779209 PMCID: PMC6928721 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20235947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-G, which consists of seven splice variants, is a tolerogenic immune checkpoint molecule. It plays an important role in the protection of the fetus from the maternal immune response by binding to inhibitory receptors, including leukocyte Ig-like receptors (LILRs). Recent studies have also revealed that HLA-G is involved in the progression of cancer cells and the protection from autoimmune diseases. In contrast to its well characterized isoform, HLA-G1, the binding activities of other major HLA-G isoforms, such as HLA-G2, toward available anti-HLA-G antibodies are only partially understood. Here, we investigate the binding specificities of anti-HLA-G antibodies by using surface plasmon resonance. MEM-G9 and G233 showed strong affinities to HLA-G1, with a nM range for their dissociation constants, but did not show affinities to HLA-G2. The disulfide-linker HLA-G1 dimer further exhibited significant avidity effects. On the other hand, 4H84 and MEM-G1, which can be used for the Western blotting of HLA-G isoforms, can bind to native HLA-G2, while MEM-G9 and G233 cannot. These results reveal that HLA-G2 has a partially intrinsically disordered structure. Furthermore, MEM-G1, but not 4H84, competes with the LILRB2 binding of HLA-G2. These results provide novel insight into the functional characterization of HLA-G isoforms and their detection systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Furukawa
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; (A.F.); (M.M.); (R.Y.); (H.W.); (A.T.); (K.K.)
| | - Manami Meguro
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; (A.F.); (M.M.); (R.Y.); (H.W.); (A.T.); (K.K.)
| | - Rika Yamazaki
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; (A.F.); (M.M.); (R.Y.); (H.W.); (A.T.); (K.K.)
| | - Hiroshi Watanabe
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; (A.F.); (M.M.); (R.Y.); (H.W.); (A.T.); (K.K.)
| | - Ami Takahashi
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; (A.F.); (M.M.); (R.Y.); (H.W.); (A.T.); (K.K.)
| | - Kimiko Kuroki
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; (A.F.); (M.M.); (R.Y.); (H.W.); (A.T.); (K.K.)
| | - Katsumi Maenaka
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; (A.F.); (M.M.); (R.Y.); (H.W.); (A.T.); (K.K.)
- Center for Research and Education on Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-011-706-3970
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10
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Therapeutic application of human leukocyte antigen-G1 improves atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2017; 50:202-207. [PMID: 28675838 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G is an immune checkpoint molecule that plays critical roles in immune response and in triggering inhibitory signaling to immune cells such as T cells, natural killer cells, and antigen-presenting cells. Thus, the application of HLA-G can be considered for treating immune response-related inflammatory disorders. We have previously reported that treatment with HLA-G1 and HLA-G2 ameliorates the joint swelling associated with collagen-induced arthritis of DBA/1 mice, an animal model for rheumatoid arthritis. In this study, we further investigated the effects of HLA-G1 on atopic dermatitis (AD), the most common inflammatory skin disorder. AD-like lesions were induced with the extract of the house dust mite Dermatophagoides farinae in NC/Nga mice. Continuous administration of HLA-G1 ameliorated the AD-like skin lesions in the mice. Furthermore, production of immunoglobulin E, interleukin (IL)-13, and IL-17A was significantly reduced in HLA-G1-treated mice, suggesting a Th2/Th17-mediated immune-inhibitory function of HLA-G1 in vivo. Our studies shed light on novel therapeutic strategies with recombinant HLA-G proteins for immune reaction-mediated chronic inflammatory disorders.
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11
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Poomarimuthu M, Elango S, Soundrapandian S, Mariakuttikan J. "HLA-G 3'UTR gene polymorphisms and rheumatic heart disease: a familial study among South Indian population". Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2017; 15:10. [PMID: 28143491 PMCID: PMC5286793 DOI: 10.1186/s12969-017-0140-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is an autoimmune disease where cross reactive CD4+ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of valvular damage. Human Leukocyte Antigen-G (HLA-G), an immunosuppressive molecule playing a crucial role in the inhibition of T cell response is associated with the pathogenesis of various autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Genetic polymorphisms within the 3'untranslated region (UTR) of HLA-G influences its expression and thus disease pathogenesis. Hence, the present study aims to unravel the association of 14 bp Ins/Del (rs66554220) and +3142 C/G (rs1063320) polymorphisms in 3' UTR of HLA-G with RHD. METHODS This familial study consists of 99 RHD families (99 RHD patients, 140 parents and 126 healthy siblings). The 14 bp Ins/Del and +3142 C/G polymorphisms were evaluated by PCR using sequence specific primers and its transmission disequilibrium (TD) was tested by TD test in 70 trio families. RESULTS The frequency of +3142 C/C genotype was high in patients with combined valvular lesions (CVL) (OR = 5.88; pc = 0.012) and pooled RHD patients (P: OR = 2.76; p = 0.043; pc = 0.076) when compared to healthy siblings. Under the additive (OR = 5.50; pc = 0.026) and recessive genetic model (OR = 5.88; pc = 0.012), the +3142 C/C genotype was significantly associated with CVL in patients. CONCLUSION The results suggest that the +3142 C/C genotype may be associated with minor risk for the development of RHD and is more likely to influence the severity of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maheshkumar Poomarimuthu
- 0000 0001 2186 7912grid.10214.36Department of Immunology, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, 625 021 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Sivakumar Elango
- 0000 0004 1803 1614grid.413236.1Institute of Child Health and Research Centre, Government Rajaji Hospital, Madurai, Tamil Nadu India
| | - Sambath Soundrapandian
- 0000 0004 1803 1614grid.413236.1Institute of Child Health and Research Centre, Government Rajaji Hospital, Madurai, Tamil Nadu India
| | - Jayalakshmi Mariakuttikan
- Department of Immunology, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, 625 021, Tamil Nadu, India.
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12
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Chen C, Liang J, Yao G, Chen H, Shi B, Zhang Z, Zhao C, Zhang H, Sun L. Mesenchymal stem cells upregulate Treg cells via sHLA-G in SLE patients. Int Immunopharmacol 2017; 44:234-241. [PMID: 28129605 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soluble human leukocyte antigen-G (sHLA-G) is a non-classical HLA class I molecule, exhibiting strong immunosuppressive properties by inducing the differentiation of T regulatory cells (Treg). Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transplantation alleviates disease progression in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. However, the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. OBJECTIVES To explore whether sHLA-G is involved in upregulating effects of MSCs on Treg, which contributes to therapeutic effects of MSCs transplantation in SLE. METHODS The serum sHLA-G levels of SLE patients and healthy controls were detected by ELISA. The percentages of peripheral blood CD4+ILT2+, CD8+ILT2+, CD19+ILT2+ cells and Treg cells were examined by flow cytometry. Ten patients with active SLE, refractory to conventional therapies, were infused with umbilical cord derived MSCs (UC-MSCs) and serum sHLA-G was measured 24h and 1month after infusion. The mice were divided into three groups: C57BL/6 mice, B6.MRL-Faslpr mice infused with phosphate buffer saline (PBS), and B6.MRL-Faslpr mice infused with bone marrow MSCs (BM-MSCs). Then, the concentrations of serum Qa-2 were detected. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from SLE patients and co-cultured with UC-MSCs for 3days at different ratios (50:1, 10:1, and 2:1) with or without HLA-G antibody, and the frequencies of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T cells were then determined by flow cytometry. RESULTS The concentrations of serum sHLA-G were comparable between SLE patients and healthy controls. However, there was a negative correlation between sHLA-G levels and SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI) scores in active SLE patients (SLEDAI>4). We found that serum sHLA-G levels were negatively correlated with blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine and 24-hour urine protein in SLE patients. The sHLA-G levels were significantly lower in SLE patients with renal involvement than those without renal involvement. The expression of ILT2 on CD4+ T cells from SLE patients decreased significantly compared to that of healthy controls. A positive correlation between the frequencies of Treg and CD4+ILT2+ T cells was found in SLE patients. The levels of sHLA-G increased 24h post UC-MSCs transplantation. The concentrations of Qa-2 in BM-MSCs transplanted mice were significantly higher than those of control group. In vitro studies showed that MSCs increased the frequency of Treg cells in SLE patients in a dose-dependent manner, which was partly abrogated by the anti-HLA-G antibody. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggested that MSCs may alleviate SLE through upregulating Treg cells, which was partly dependent on sHLA-G.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, PR China
| | - Jun Liang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, PR China
| | - Genhong Yao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, PR China
| | - Haifeng Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, PR China
| | - Bingyu Shi
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, PR China
| | - Zhuoya Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, PR China
| | - Cheng Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, PR China
| | - Huayong Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, PR China
| | - Lingyun Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, PR China.
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13
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Mennan C, Brown S, McCarthy H, Mavrogonatou E, Kletsas D, Garcia J, Balain B, Richardson J, Roberts S. Mesenchymal stromal cells derived from whole human umbilical cord exhibit similar properties to those derived from Wharton's jelly and bone marrow. FEBS Open Bio 2016; 6:1054-1066. [PMID: 27833846 PMCID: PMC5095143 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) can be isolated from several regions of human umbilical cords, including Wharton's jelly (WJ), artery, vein or cord lining. These MSC appear to be immune privileged and are promising candidates for cell therapy. However, isolating MSC from WJ, artery, vein or cord lining requires time-consuming tissue dissection. MSC can be obtained easily via briefly digesting complete segments of the umbilical cord, likely containing heterogenous or mixed populations of MSC (MC-MSC). MC-MSC are generally less well characterized than WJ-MSC, but nevertheless represent a potentially valuable population of MSC. This study aimed to further characterize MC-MSC in comparison to WJ-MSC and also the better-characterized bone marrow-derived MSC (BM-MSC). MC-MSC proliferated faster, with significantly faster doubling times reaching passage one 8.8 days sooner and surviving longer in culture than WJ-MSC. All MSC retained the safety aspect of reducing telomere length with increasing passage number. MSC were also assessed for their ability to suppress T-cell proliferation and for the production of key markers of pluripotency, embryonic stem cells, tolerogenicity (CD40, CD80, CD86 and HLA-DR) and immunomodulation (indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase [IDO] and HLA-G). The MC-MSC population displayed all of the positive attributes of WJ-MSC and BM-MSC, but they were more efficient to obtain and underwent more population doublings than from WJ, suggesting that MC-MSC are promising candidates for allogeneic cell therapy in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Mennan
- The Robert Jones & Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust & Institute of Science & Technology in MedicineKeele UniversityOswestryShropshireUK
| | - Sharon Brown
- The Robert Jones & Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust & Institute of Science & Technology in MedicineKeele UniversityOswestryShropshireUK
| | - Helen McCarthy
- The Robert Jones & Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust & Institute of Science & Technology in MedicineKeele UniversityOswestryShropshireUK
| | - Eleni Mavrogonatou
- Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and AgeingInstitute of Biosciences and ApplicationsNational Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos”AthensGreece
| | - Dimitris Kletsas
- Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and AgeingInstitute of Biosciences and ApplicationsNational Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos”AthensGreece
| | - John Garcia
- The Robert Jones & Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust & Institute of Science & Technology in MedicineKeele UniversityOswestryShropshireUK
| | - Birender Balain
- The Robert Jones & Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust & Institute of Science & Technology in MedicineKeele UniversityOswestryShropshireUK
| | - James Richardson
- The Robert Jones & Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust & Institute of Science & Technology in MedicineKeele UniversityOswestryShropshireUK
| | - Sally Roberts
- The Robert Jones & Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust & Institute of Science & Technology in MedicineKeele UniversityOswestryShropshireUK
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14
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The dimeric form of HLA-G molecule is associated with the response of early rheumatoid arthritis (ERA) patients to methotrexate. Clin Rheumatol 2016; 36:701-705. [DOI: 10.1007/s10067-016-3454-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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15
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Nardi FDS, König L, Wagner B, Giebel B, Santos Manvailer LF, Rebmann V. Soluble monomers, dimers and HLA-G-expressing extracellular vesicles: the three dimensions of structural complexity to use HLA-G as a clinical biomarker. HLA 2016; 88:77-86. [PMID: 27440734 DOI: 10.1111/tan.12844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The HLA-G molecule belongs to the family of nonclassical human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I. At variance to classical HLA class I, HLA-G displays (i) a low number of nucleotide variations within the coding region, (ii) a high structural diversity, (iii) a restricted peptide repertoire, (iv) a limited tissue distribution and (v) strong immune-suppressive properties. The physiological HLA-G surface expression is restricted to the maternal-fetal interface and to immune-privileged adult tissues. Soluble forms of HLA-G (sHLA-G) are detectable in various body fluids. Cellular activation and pathological processes are associated with an aberrant or a neo-expression of HLA-G/sHLA-G. Functionally, HLA-G and its secreted forms are considered to be key players in the induction of short- and long-term tolerance. Thus, its unique expression profile and tolerance-inducing functions render HLA-G/sHLA-G an attractive biomarker to monitor the systemic health/disease status and disease activity/progression for clinical approaches in disease management and treatments. Here, we place emphasis on (i) the current status of the tolerance-inducing functions by HLA-G/sHLA-G, (ii) the current complexity to implement this molecule as a meaningful clinical biomarker regarding the three dimensions of structural diversity (monomers, dimers and HLA-G-expressing extracellular vesicles) with its functional implications, and (iii) novel and future approaches to detect and quantify sHLA-G structures and functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- F da Silva Nardi
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.,Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Histocompatibility (LIGH), Federal University of Paraná, Genetics Department, Curitiba, Brazil.,Ministry of Education of Brazil, Capes Foundation, Brasília, Brazil
| | - L König
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - B Wagner
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - B Giebel
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - L F Santos Manvailer
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.,Ministry of Education of Brazil, Capes Foundation, Brasília, Brazil
| | - V Rebmann
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
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16
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Transcriptomics: A Step behind the Comprehension of the Polygenic Influence on Oxidative Stress, Immune Deregulation, and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Chronic Kidney Disease. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:9290857. [PMID: 27419142 PMCID: PMC4932167 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9290857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an increasing and global health problem with a great economic burden for healthcare system. Therefore to slow down the progression of this condition is a main objective in nephrology. It has been extensively reported that microinflammation, immune system deregulation, and oxidative stress contribute to CKD progression. Additionally, dialysis worsens this clinical condition because of the contact of blood with bioincompatible dialytic devices. Numerous studies have shown the close link between immune system impairment and CKD but most have been performed using classical biomolecular strategies. These methodologies are limited in their ability to discover new elements and enable measuring the simultaneous influence of multiple factors. The “omics” techniques could overcome these gaps. For example, transcriptomics has revealed that mitochondria and inflammasome have a role in pathogenesis of CKD and are pivotal elements in the cellular alterations leading to systemic complications. We believe that a larger employment of this technique, together with other “omics” methodologies, could help clinicians to obtain new pathogenetic insights, novel diagnostic biomarkers, and therapeutic targets. Finally, transcriptomics could allow clinicians to personalize therapeutic strategies according to individual genetic background (nutrigenomic and pharmacogenomic). In this review, we analyzed the available transcriptomic studies involving CKD patients.
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17
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Rothe K, Quandt D, Schubert K, Rossol M, Klingner M, Jasinski-Bergner S, Scholz R, Seliger B, Pierer M, Baerwald C, Wagner U. Latent Cytomegalovirus Infection in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Increased Frequencies of Cytolytic LIR-1+CD8+ T Cells. Arthritis Rheumatol 2016; 68:337-46. [PMID: 26314621 PMCID: PMC5066744 DOI: 10.1002/art.39331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Objective Leukocyte immunoglobulin‐like receptor 1 (LIR‐1) is up‐regulated by cytomegalovirus (CMV), which in turn, has been associated with premature aging and more severe joint disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The aim of this study was to investigate the expression and functional significance of LIR‐1 in CMV‐positive RA patients. Methods We determined the phenotype, cytolytic potential, CMV‐specific proliferation, and HLA–G–triggered, LIR‐1–mediated inhibition of interferon‐γ secretion of LIR‐1+ T cells in RA patients and healthy controls. Results We found increased frequencies of CD8+ T cells with CMV pp65–specific T cell receptors in CMV‐positive RA patients as compared to CMV‐positive healthy controls. CMV‐specific CD8+ T cells in these patients were preferentially LIR‐1+ and exhibited a terminally differentiated polyfunctional phenotype. The numbers of LIR‐1+CD8+ T cells increased with age and disease activity, and showed high levels of reactivity to CMV antigens. Ligation of LIR‐1 with soluble HLA–G molecules in vitro confirmed an inhibitory role of the molecule when expressed on CD8+ T cells in RA patients. Conclusion We propose that latent CMV infection in the context of a chronic autoimmune response induces the recently described “chronic infection phenotype” in CD8+ T cells, which retains anti‐infectious effector features while exhibiting autoreactive cytolytic potential. This response is likely dampened by LIR‐1 to avoid overwhelming immunopathologic changes in the setting of the autoimmune disease RA. The known deficiency of soluble HLA–G in RA and the observed association of LIR‐1 expression with disease activity suggest, however, that LIR‐1+ T cells are insufficiently controlled in RA and are still likely to be involved in the pathogenesis of the disease.
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18
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Rebmann V, König L, Nardi FDS, Wagner B, Manvailer LFS, Horn PA. The Potential of HLA-G-Bearing Extracellular Vesicles as a Future Element in HLA-G Immune Biology. Front Immunol 2016; 7:173. [PMID: 27199995 PMCID: PMC4854879 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The HLA-G molecule is a member of the non-classical HLA class I family. Its surface expression is physiologically restricted to the maternal–fetal interface and to immune privileged adult tissues. Despite the restricted tissue expression, HLA-G is detectable in body fluids as secreted soluble molecules. A unique feature of HLA-G is the structural diversity as surface expressed and as secreted molecules. Secreted HLA-G can be found in various body fluids either as free soluble HLA-G or as part of extracellular vesicles (EVs), which are composed of various antigens/ligands/receptors, bioactive lipids, cytokines, growth factors, and genetic information, such as mRNA and microRNA. Functionally, HLA-G and its secreted forms are considered to play a crucial role in the network of immune-regulatory tolerance mechanisms, preferentially interacting with the cognate inhibitory receptors LILRB1 and LILRB2. The HLA-G mediated tolerance is described in processes of pregnancy, inflammation, and cancer. However, almost all functional and clinical implications of HLA-G in vivo and in vitro have been established based on simple single ligand/receptor interactions at the cell surface, whereas HLA-G-bearing EVs were in minor research focus. Indeed, cytotrophoblast cells, mesenchymal stem cells, and cancer cells were recently described to secrete HLA-G-bearing EVs, displaying immunosuppressive effects and modulating the tumor microenvironment. However, numerous functional and clinical open questions persist. Here, we (i) introduce basic aspects of EVs biology, (ii) summarize the functional knowledge, clinical implications and open questions of HLA-G-bearing EVs, and (iii) discuss HLA-G-bearing EVs as a future element in HLA-G biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Rebmann
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen , Essen , Germany
| | - Lisa König
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Essen, Germany
| | - Fabiola da Silva Nardi
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany; Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Histocompatibility (LIGH), Federal University of Paraná Genetics Department, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil; CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
| | - Bettina Wagner
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen , Essen , Germany
| | - Luis Felipe Santos Manvailer
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany; CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
| | - Peter A Horn
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen , Essen , Germany
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19
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Gerasimou P, Skordis N, Picolos M, Spyridonidis A, Costeas P. HLA-G 14-bp polymorphism affects the age of onset in Type I Diabetes Mellitus. Int J Immunogenet 2016; 43:135-42. [PMID: 27080982 DOI: 10.1111/iji.12259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2015] [Revised: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Type I diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an organ-specific autoimmune disorder affecting the insulin-producing pancreatic cells. T1DM genetic association studies have so far revealed the involvement of more than 40 loci, with particularly strong associations for the human leucocyte antigens (HLA). Further to the well-established HLA class II associations, the immunomodulatory elements in the telomeric major histocompatibility complex locus, specifically nonclassical HLA class I, were also associated with T1DM, either in conferring susceptibility or by contributing to the overall pathogenesis. This study investigates the involvement of a 14-bp deletion polymorphism (rs371194629) at the 3' untranslated region of HLA-G in the context of T1DM and age of onset. The frequency of the polymorphism was determined in unrelated T1DM Cypriot patients and findings that emerge from this study show a strong association between the HLA-G 14-bp polymorphism and T1DM with respect to the age of onset. Specifically, the deletion/deletion (DEL/DEL) genotype was found to be associated with an early age of onset (P = 0.001), while the presence of the insertion allele (INS) was associated to a later age of onset (P = 0.0001), portraying a possible dominant effect over the deletion allele, a role in delaying disease onset and an overall involvement of HLA-G in the pathogenesis of type I diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Gerasimou
- Karaiskakio Foundation, Nicosia, Cyprus.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - N Skordis
- Division of Paediatric Endocrinology, Paedi Centre for Specialized Paediatrics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - M Picolos
- Alithia Endocrinology Centre, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - A Spyridonidis
- Division of Hematology/BMT Unit, University Hospital of Patras (PGNP), Rio, Greece
| | - P Costeas
- Karaiskakio Foundation, Nicosia, Cyprus
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20
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Evaluation of HLA-G 14 bp Ins/Del and +3142G>C Polymorphism with Susceptibility and Early Disease Activity in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Adv Med 2016; 2016:4985745. [PMID: 27610404 PMCID: PMC5004028 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4985745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose/Background. Mounting evidence designates that HLA-G plays a role in the regulation of inflammatory processes and autoimmune diseases. There are controversial reports concerning the impact of HLA-G gene polymorphism on rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study was aimed at examining the impact of 14 bp ins/del and +3142G>C polymorphism with susceptibility and early disease activity in RA patients in a sample of the Iranian population. Methods. This case-control study was done on 194 patients with RA and 158 healthy subjects. The HLA-G rs1063320 (+3142G>C) and rs66554220 (14 bp ins/del) variants were genotype by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFP) and PCR method, respectively. Results. The HLA-G +3142G>C polymorphism significantly decreased the risk of RA in codominant (OR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.38-0.97, p = 0.038, GC versus GG; OR = 0.36, 95% CI = 0.14-0.92, p = 0.034, CC versus GG), dominant (OR = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.36-0.87, p = 0.011, GC + CC versus GG), and allele (OR = 0.58, 95% CI = 0.41-0.84, p = 0.004, C versus G) inheritance models tested. Our finding did not support an association between HLA-G 14 bp ins/del variant and risk/protection of RA. In addition, no significant association was found between the polymorphism and early disease activity. Conclusion. In summary, our results showed that HLA-G +3142G>C gene polymorphism significantly decreased the risk of RA in a sample of the Iranian population.
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21
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Beneventi F, Badulli C, Locatelli E, Caporali R, Ramoni V, Cavagnoli C, Simonetta M, Garbin G, Tinelli C, Alpini C, Montecucco C, Martinetti M, Spinillo A. Soluble HLA-G in pregnancies complicated by autoimmune rheumatic diseases. J Reprod Immunol 2015; 110:67-73. [PMID: 26042897 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2015.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmune rheumatic diseases in pregnancies are associated with increased adverse obstetric outcomes. We compared maternal soluble human leucocyte antigen-G (sHLA-G) blood levels in subjects with a rheumatic disease preexisting pregnancy and unaffected controls. Third-trimester blood maternal sHLA-G concentrations were significantly higher in subjects with rheumatic diseases than in controls (mean 93.1ng/ml [SD 42.1] vs 58.1ng/ml [SD 96.3], p=0.003). Cord blood sHLA-G concentrations were significantly higher in rheumatic disease than in those born to control mothers (median 41.2ng/ml [IQR: 3.3-44.0] vs 17.9ng/ml [IQR: 17.2-88.1], p=0.007). A strict positive correlation (r=0.88, p<0.001) was found between the maternal and fetal titers of ANA autoantibodies as well as between maternal and fetal sHLAG circulating levels (r=0.58 and r=0.67, respectively, for controls and cases, p<0.001). Maternal s-HLA-G blood concentrations were significantly higher in subjects with rheumatic disease DEL/DEL homozygous for a polymorphism of the 3' untranslated regulatory region of HLA-G (HLA-G 14bp) than in the corresponding healthy controls (mean values 141.5ng/ml [SD: 166] vs 54.2ng/ml [SD: 35], p=0.009). Increasing maternal and cord blood levels of s-HLA-G concentrations among pregnant subjects with rheumatic diseases compared with controls suggest that autoimmune diseases prompt a maternal and fetal immune response that favors pregnancy immune tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fausta Beneventi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Carla Badulli
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Immunohematology and Transfusion Center, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Elena Locatelli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Roberto Caporali
- Division of Rheumatology, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Véronique Ramoni
- Division of Rheumatology, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Chiara Cavagnoli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Margherita Simonetta
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giulia Garbin
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Immunohematology and Transfusion Center, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Carmine Tinelli
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biometric Unit, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Claudia Alpini
- Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - CarloMaurizio Montecucco
- Division of Rheumatology, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Miryam Martinetti
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Immunohematology and Transfusion Center, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Arsenio Spinillo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Favoino E, Favia IE, Vettori S, Vicenti C, Prete M, Valentini G, Perosa F. Clinical correlates of human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-G in systemic sclerosis. Clin Exp Immunol 2015; 181:100-9. [PMID: 25847615 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-G has a tolerogenic function and could play a role in the pathogenesis of immune-mediated diseases, including systemic sclerosis (SSc). The aim of this study was to evaluate HLA-G serum expression (sHLA-G) and the HLA-G gene 14 base pairs (bp) insertion/deletion (del(-)/del(+)) polymorphism in patients with Ssc, to search for possible associations with clinical and laboratory variables. sHLA-G was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in sera from 77 patients with SSc and 32 healthy donors (HD); the 14 bp del(-)/del(+) polymorphism was evaluated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) genomic DNA. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis identified the HLA-G cut-off that best discriminated dichotomized clinical and serological variables, that was subsequently employed to subdivide SSc patients into HLA-G high (HLA-G(+)) and low (HLA-G(-)) profile groups. sHLA-G were not statistically different between SSc patients and HD, nor between distinct SSc autoantibody subsets. Subdividing SSc patients by HLA-G positivity or negativity yielded significant differences for the modified Rodnan skin score (mRss) (P = 0.032), 'general' (P = 0.031) and 'kidney' (P = 0.028) Medsger severity scores (MSS) and disease activity index, and especially Δ heart/lung (P = 0.005). A worse 'general' MSS (P = 0.002) and Δ heart/lung (P = 0.011) were more frequent in the low sHLA-G group. These two variables and mRss were associated with sHLA-G levels at logistic regression analysis. Treatment had no influence on sHLA-G. Moreover, a higher frequency of scleredema was detected in the del(+)/del(+) than the del(-)/del(+) group (P = 0.04). These data suggest modulatory effects of sHLA-G on SSc. Prospective studies are needed to investigate a role in predicting the disease course.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Favoino
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology (DIMO), Rheumatologic and Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Unit, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - I E Favia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology (DIMO), Rheumatologic and Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Unit, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - S Vettori
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Internal Medicine 'F. Magrassi, A. Lanzara'-Rheumatology Section, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - C Vicenti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology (DIMO), Rheumatologic and Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Unit, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - M Prete
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology (DIMO), Rheumatologic and Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Unit, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - G Valentini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Internal Medicine 'F. Magrassi, A. Lanzara'-Rheumatology Section, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - F Perosa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology (DIMO), Rheumatologic and Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Unit, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
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Degani Veit T, Bogo Chies JA, Switala M, Wagner B, Horn PA, Busatto M, Viegas Brenol C, Tavares Brenol JC, Machado Xavier R, Rebmann V. The paradox of high availability and low recognition of soluble HLA-G by LILRB1 receptor in rheumatoid arthritis patients. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0123838. [PMID: 25853899 PMCID: PMC4390237 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
HLA-G is a regulatory molecule involved in immunologic tolerance. Growing evidence indicates that HLA-G plays a role in the regulation of inflammatory processes and autoimmune diseases. This study aimed at a systematic evaluation of soluble HLA-G (sHLA-G) in plasma of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients with long-lasting chronic inflammation. RA patients (n=68) and healthy controls (n=26) had their plasmatic sHLA-G measured by ELISA whereas the binding capability of sHLA-G to its cognate LILRB1 receptor was measured by a Luminex-based assay. All subjects were PCR-genotyped for HLA-G 14bp polymorphism (rs66554220). Significantly higher sHLA-G levels were observed in patients (p<0.001), however no significant differences were observed in LILRB1 binding capacity between RA patients and controls. Remarkably, the proportion of patients presenting specific binding of sHLA-G to LILRB1 was significantly decreased as compared to controls (56% vs. 81%, p=0.027). Patients without rheumatoid factor (RF-) were significantly overrepresented in the group of patients positive for LILRB1 binding as compared to patients without LILRB1 binding (31% vs 10%, p=0.033). Furthermore, methotrexate treated patients (n=58) revealed significantly lower LILRB1 binding to sHLA-G molecules than non-treated patients (medians: 12.2 vs. 67.7 units/ml, p=0.031). Unlike in controls, no significant differences in sHLA-G levels were observed among patients grouped by 14pb genotype. Thus, in a substantial number of late RA patients, the circulating sHLA-G molecules are impaired regarding LILRB1 recognition, meaning that although increased levels are observed; these molecules are not qualified to exert their protective functions against inflammation. Our findings offer new insights into the immunopathology of RA patients with long-lasting anti-RA-treatment and highlight the importance to also measure the binding capability of sHLA-G to LILRB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Degani Veit
- Laboratório de Imunogenética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - José Artur Bogo Chies
- Laboratório de Imunogenética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Magdalena Switala
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital of Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Bettina Wagner
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital of Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Peter A. Horn
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital of Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Mauricio Busatto
- Laboratório de Imunogenética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Vera Rebmann
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital of Essen, Essen, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Mariaselvam CM, Chaaben AB, Salah S, Charron D, Krishnamoorthy R, Tamouza R, Negi VS. Human leukocyte antigen-G polymorphism influences the age of onset and autoantibody status in rheumatoid arthritis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 85:182-9. [PMID: 25656292 DOI: 10.1111/tan.12521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Revised: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The study was conducted to investigate the frequency of three gene polymorphisms in the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of human leucocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) gene in south Indian patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and analyze their influence on disease susceptibility, phenotype and treatment response. HLA-G 14 bp insertion (Ins)/deletion (del) (rs66554220), HLA-G +3142G>C (rs1063320) and +3187A>G (rs9380142) polymorphism was analyzed in 221 RA patients and 200 healthy controls. Frequency of HLA-G genotypes or alleles did not differ between patients and controls. Analysis based on rheumatoid factor (RF) status revealed that the frequency of allele 'A' (rs9380142) was significantly higher in RF-positive than in RF-negative patients [84% vs 74%, Yates-corrected P value (Pc) = 0.04, odds ratio (OR) = 1.8, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.0-3.2]. A similar difference was maintained in RF-positive female patients than their RF-negative counterparts (83% vs 71%, Pc = 0.02, OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.0 to 3.4) and between RF-positive and RF-negative young onset RA (YORA) patients (84% vs 73%, Pc = 0.03, OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.0-3.2), suggesting that rs9380142 polymorphism influenced RF status. The 14 bp Ins allele of rs66554220 was significantly more prevalent in RF-positive YORA than in RF-positive late onset RA (LORA) patients (51% vs 25%, P = 0.03, OR = 3.1, 95% CI = 1.1-9.8). Frequency of the four major haplotypes [InsGA (48%), DelGA (22%), DelCG (18%), DelCA (9.7%)] observed did not differ between cases and controls. HLA-G does not appear to be a risk factor for development of RA in south Indian Tamils but may act as a genetic modifier of clinical phenotype in terms of autoantibody production, gender preference and age at disease onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Mariaselvam
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry, India; INSERM, UMRS 1160, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris, France
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25
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Zhang X, Li S, Zhang Y, Lu Y, Wang J, Xu J, Li X, Qin X. Meta-analysis of the relationship between 14bp insertion/deletion polymorphism of HLA-G gene and susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus. Hum Immunol 2014; 75:1171-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2014.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Revised: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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26
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Rizzo R, Bortolotti D, Bolzani S, Fainardi E. HLA-G Molecules in Autoimmune Diseases and Infections. Front Immunol 2014; 5:592. [PMID: 25477881 PMCID: PMC4235267 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G molecule, a non-classical HLA-Ib molecule, is less polymorphic when compared to classical HLA class I molecules. Human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) was first detected on cytotrophoblast cells at the feto-maternal interface but its expression is prevalent during viral infections and several autoimmune diseases. HLA-G gene is characterized by polymorphisms at the 3' un-translated region and 5' upstream regulatory region that regulate its expression and are associated with autoimmune diseases and viral infection susceptibility, creating an unbalanced and pathologic environment. This review focuses on the role of HLA-G genetic polymorphisms, mRNA, and protein expression in autoimmune conditions and viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Rizzo
- Section of Microbiology and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Daria Bortolotti
- Section of Microbiology and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Silvia Bolzani
- Section of Microbiology and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Enrico Fainardi
- Neuroradiology Unit, Department of Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Arcispedale S. Anna, Ferrara, Italy
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Castelli EC, Ramalho J, Porto IOP, Lima THA, Felício LP, Sabbagh A, Donadi EA, Mendes-Junior CT. Insights into HLA-G Genetics Provided by Worldwide Haplotype Diversity. Front Immunol 2014; 5:476. [PMID: 25339953 PMCID: PMC4186343 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human leukocyte antigen G (HLA-G) belongs to the family of non-classical HLA class I genes, located within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). HLA-G has been the target of most recent research regarding the function of class I non-classical genes. The main features that distinguish HLA-G from classical class I genes are (a) limited protein variability, (b) alternative splicing generating several membrane bound and soluble isoforms, (c) short cytoplasmic tail, (d) modulation of immune response (immune tolerance), and (e) restricted expression to certain tissues. In the present work, we describe the HLA-G gene structure and address the HLA-G variability and haplotype diversity among several populations around the world, considering each of its major segments [promoter, coding, and 3′ untranslated region (UTR)]. For this purpose, we developed a pipeline to reevaluate the 1000Genomes data and recover miscalled or missing genotypes and haplotypes. It became clear that the overall structure of the HLA-G molecule has been maintained during the evolutionary process and that most of the variation sites found in the HLA-G coding region are either coding synonymous or intronic mutations. In addition, only a few frequent and divergent extended haplotypes are found when the promoter, coding, and 3′UTRs are evaluated together. The divergence is particularly evident for the regulatory regions. The population comparisons confirmed that most of the HLA-G variability has originated before human dispersion from Africa and that the allele and haplotype frequencies have probably been shaped by strong selective pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erick C Castelli
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine of Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista , Botucatu , Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Ramalho
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine of Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista , Botucatu , Brazil
| | - Iane O P Porto
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine of Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista , Botucatu , Brazil
| | - Thálitta H A Lima
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine of Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista , Botucatu , Brazil
| | - Leandro P Felício
- Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Goias , Goiânia , Brazil
| | - Audrey Sabbagh
- UMR 216, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, MERIT , Paris , France ; Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité , Paris , France
| | - Eduardo A Donadi
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , Brazil
| | - Celso T Mendes-Junior
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , Brazil
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Catamo E, Addobbati C, Segat L, Sotero Fragoso T, Domingues Barbosa A, Tavares Dantas A, de Ataíde Mariz H, F. da Rocha L, Branco Pinto Duarte AL, Monasta L, Sandrin-Garcia P, Crovella S. HLA-G gene polymorphisms associated with susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis disease and its severity in Brazilian patients. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 84:308-15. [DOI: 10.1111/tan.12396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Revised: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Catamo
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste; Trieste Italy
| | - C. Addobbati
- Department of Genetics; Federal University of Pernambuco; Recife Brazil
- Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami (LIKA); Federal University of Pernambuco; Recife Brazil
| | - L. Segat
- Department of Advanced Diagnostic and Clinical Sperimentation, Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo"; Trieste Italy
| | - T. Sotero Fragoso
- Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami (LIKA); Federal University of Pernambuco; Recife Brazil
- Division of Rheumatology, Clinical Hospital; Federal University of Pernambuco; Recife Brazil
| | - A. Domingues Barbosa
- Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami (LIKA); Federal University of Pernambuco; Recife Brazil
- Division of Rheumatology, Clinical Hospital; Federal University of Pernambuco; Recife Brazil
| | - A. Tavares Dantas
- Division of Rheumatology, Clinical Hospital; Federal University of Pernambuco; Recife Brazil
| | - H. de Ataíde Mariz
- Division of Rheumatology, Clinical Hospital; Federal University of Pernambuco; Recife Brazil
| | - L. F. da Rocha
- Division of Rheumatology, Clinical Hospital; Federal University of Pernambuco; Recife Brazil
| | | | - L. Monasta
- Department of Advanced Diagnostic and Clinical Sperimentation, Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo"; Trieste Italy
| | - P. Sandrin-Garcia
- Department of Genetics; Federal University of Pernambuco; Recife Brazil
- Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami (LIKA); Federal University of Pernambuco; Recife Brazil
| | - S. Crovella
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste; Trieste Italy
- Department of Advanced Diagnostic and Clinical Sperimentation, Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo"; Trieste Italy
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Bortolotti D, Gentili V, Rotola A, Cassai E, Rizzo R, Luca DD. Impact of HLA-G analysis in prevention, diagnosis and treatment of pathological conditions. World J Methodol 2014; 4:11-25. [PMID: 25237627 PMCID: PMC4145573 DOI: 10.5662/wjm.v4.i1.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Revised: 12/28/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) is a non-classical HLA class I molecule that differs from classical HLA class I molecules by low polymorphism and tissue distribution. HLA-G is a tolerogenic molecule with an immune-modulatory and anti-inflammatory function on both innate and adaptative immunity. This peculiar characteristic of HLA-G has led to investigations of its role in pathological conditions in order to define possible uses in diagnosis, prevention and treatment. In recent years, HLA-G has been shown to have an important implication in different inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, pregnancy complications, tumor development and aggressiveness, and susceptibility to viral infections. In fact, HLA-G molecules have been reported to alternate at both genetic and protein level in different disease situations, supporting its crucial role in pathological conditions. Specific pathologies show altered levels of soluble (s)HLA-G and different HLA-G gene polymorphisms seem to correlate with disease. This review aims to update scientific knowledge on the contribution of HLA-G in managing pathological conditions.
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Kochan G, Escors D, Breckpot K, Guerrero-Setas D. Role of non-classical MHC class I molecules in cancer immunosuppression. Oncoimmunology 2013; 2:e26491. [PMID: 24482746 PMCID: PMC3894240 DOI: 10.4161/onci.26491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2013] [Revised: 09/10/2013] [Accepted: 09/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Growing neoplasms employ various mechanisms to evade immunosurveillance. The expression of non-classical MHC class I molecules by both immune and malignant cells in the tumor microenvironment constitute of the strategies used by tumors to circumvent the cytotoxic activity of effector cells of the immune system. The overexpression of HLA-G, -E, and -F is a common finding across a variety of malignancies. However, while the presence of HLA-G and HLA-E has been recently correlated with poor clinical outcome, information on the clinicopathological significance of HLA-F is limited. In the present review, we summarize studies on non-classical MHC class I molecules with special emphasis on their role in the modulation of anticancer immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Escors
- Navarrabiomed-Fundacion Miguel Servet; Navarra, Spain ; Rayne Institute; University College London; London, UK
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31
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Zaza G, Granata S, Rascio F, Pontrelli P, Dell'Oglio MP, Cox SN, Pertosa G, Grandaliano G, Lupo A. A specific immune transcriptomic profile discriminates chronic kidney disease patients in predialysis from hemodialyzed patients. BMC Med Genomics 2013; 6:17. [PMID: 23663527 PMCID: PMC3655909 DOI: 10.1186/1755-8794-6-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2012] [Accepted: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients present a complex interaction between the innate and adaptive immune systems, in which immune activation (hypercytokinemia and acute-phase response) and immune suppression (impairment of response to infections and poor development of adaptive immunity) coexist. In this setting, circulating uremic toxins and microinflammation play a critical role. This condition, already present in the last stages of renal damage, seems to be enhanced by the contact of blood with bioincompatible extracorporeal hemodialysis (HD) devices. However, although largely described, the cellular machinery associated to the CKD- and HD-related immune-dysfunction is still poorly defined. Understanding the mechanisms behind this important complication may generate a perspective for improving patients outcome. METHODS To better recognize the biological bases of the CKD-related immune dysfunction and to identify differences between CKD patients in conservative (CKD) from those in HD treatment, we used an high-throughput strategy (microarray) combined with classical bio-molecular approaches. RESULTS Immune transcriptomic screening of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (1030 gene probe sets selected by Gene-Ontology) showed that 275 gene probe sets (corresponding to 213 genes) discriminated 9 CKD patients stage III-IV (mean±SD of eGFR: 32.27+/-14.7 ml/min) from 17 HD patients (p<0.0001, FDR=5%). Seventy-one genes were up- and 142 down-regulated in HD patients. Functional analysis revealed, then, close biological links among the selected genes with a pivotal role of PTX3, IL-15 (up-regulated in HD) and HLA-G (down-regulated in HD). ELISA, performed on an independent testing-group [11 CKD stage III-IV (mean±SD of eGFR: 30.26±14.89 ml/min) and 13 HD] confirmed that HLA-G, a protein with inhibition effects on several immunological cell lines including natural killers (NK), was down-expressed in HD (p=0.04). Additionally, in the testing-group, protein levels of CX3CR1, an highly selective chemokine receptor and surface marker for cytotoxic effector lymphocytes, resulted higher expressed in HD compared to CKD (p<0.01). CONCLUSION Taken together our results show, for the first time, that HD patients present a different immune-pattern compared to the un-dialyzed CKD patients. Among the selected genes, some of them encode for important biological elements involved in proliferation/activation of cytotoxic effector lymphocytes and in the immune-inflammatory cellular machinery. Additionally, this study reveals new potential diagnostic bio-markers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluigi Zaza
- Renal Unit, Department of Medicine, University-Hospital of Verona, Piazzale A, Stefani 1, Verona 37126, Italy.
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Zhang JB, Wang ZY, Chen J, Wu XD, Zhou B, Yie SM. The expression of human leukocyte antigen G (HLA-G) is associated with sacroiliitis stages of ankylosing spondylitis. Immunol Lett 2013; 152:121-5. [PMID: 23644157 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2013.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2013] [Revised: 03/28/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that human leukocyte antigen G (HLA-G) may play an important role in autoimmune diseases. The present study is to investigate whether or not HLA-G is associated with sacroiliitis stages of ankylosing spondylitis (AS), a systemic autoimmune disease. Plasma levels of soluble HLA-G (sHLA-G) and HLA-G expression on the surface of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were measured in 55 AS patients and 49 healthy controls by using a specific HLA-G ELISA and flow cytometric (FCM) analysis, respectively. Association of HLA-G expression with sacroiliitis stages of the patients was statistically analyzed. The plasma sHLA-G concentrations were noticeably lower in the AS patients when compared to the healthy controls while the mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of the HLA-G expression on the surface of PBMCs was significantly higher in the AS patients than in the healthy controls (both P<0.0001). The HLA-G expression on the surface of PBMCs, plasma sHLA-G levels and HLA-B27 expression were significantly correlated to each other. Moreover, the plasma sHLA-G was inversely associated with the sacroiliitis stages (P=0.008), while the HLA-G expression on the surface of PBMCs increased from stage 0 to II but decreased in stage III (P=0.001). The significant association of HLA-G expressions with AS sacroiliitis stages suggests that HLA-G is possibly involved in the pathology of the disease. The detection of HLA-G expression may therefore be a useful laboratory test to reveal disease process in AS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Bo Zhang
- Core Laboratory, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, PR China
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Nicodemus-Johnson J, Laxman B, Stern RK, Sudi J, Tierney CN, Norwick L, Hogarth DK, McConville JF, Naureckas ET, Sperling AI, Solway J, Krishnan JA, Nicolae DL, White SR, Ober C. Maternal asthma and microRNA regulation of soluble HLA-G in the airway. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2013; 131:1496-503. [PMID: 23534973 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2013.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2012] [Revised: 01/17/2013] [Accepted: 01/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously reported an interaction between maternal asthma and the child's HLA-G genotype on the child's subsequent risk for asthma. The implicated single nucleotide polymorphism at +3142 disrupted a target site for the microRNA (miR)-152 family. We hypothesized that the interaction effect might be mediated by these miRs. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to test this hypothesis in adults with asthma who are a subset of the same subjects who participated in our earlier family-based studies. METHODS We measured soluble HLA-G (sHLA-G) concentrations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (n = 36) and plasma (n = 57) from adult asthmatic subjects with and without a mother with asthma, and HLA-G and miR-152 family (miR-148a, miR-148b, and miR-152) transcript levels in airway epithelial cells from the same subjects. RESULTS miR-148b levels were significantly increased in airway epithelial cells from asthmatic subjects with an asthmatic mother compared with those seen in asthmatic subjects without an asthmatic mother, and +3142 genotypes were associated with sHLA-G concentrations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid among asthmatic subjects with an asthmatic mother but not among those with a nonasthmatic mother. Neither effect was observed in the plasma (sHLA-G) or white blood cells (miRNA). CONCLUSION These combined results are consistent with +3142 allele-specific targeting of HLA-G by the miR-152 family and support our hypothesis that miRNA regulation of sHLA-G in the airway is influenced by both the asthma status of the subject's mother and the subject's genotype. Moreover, we demonstrate that the effects of maternal asthma on the gene regulatory landscape in the airways of the mother's children persist into adulthood.
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Rizzo R, Farina I, Bortolotti D, Galuppi E, Rotola A, Melchiorri L, Ciancio G, Di Luca D, Govoni M. HLA-G may predict the disease course in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis. Hum Immunol 2012; 74:425-32. [PMID: 23228398 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2012.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2012] [Revised: 09/26/2012] [Accepted: 11/28/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The current management of early rheumatoid arthritis (ERA) is to start an intensive treatment as soon as possible. To avoid under/overtreatment, it is important to identify reliable ERA evolution biomarkers. HLA-G molecules has been associated with rheumatoid arthritis, suggesting a role in disease regulation. HLA-G antigens are expressed as membrane bound and soluble isoforms (mHLA-G, sHLA-G) that act as ligand for immune-inhibitory receptors (ILT2, ILT4, KIR2DL4). Expression of HLA-G is influenced by a 14 bp insertion/deletion polymorphism in exon 8 of the gene, where the deletion is associated with mRNA stability. We analyzed 23 ERA patients during a 12 months follow-up disease treatment for sHLA-G, IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-alpha levels in plasma samples by ELISA, mHLA-G and ILT2 expression on peripheral blood CD14 positive cells by flow cytometry and typed HLA-G 14 bp deletion/insertion polymorphism by Real-Time PCR. Disease status (DAS28), ultrasonography with power Doppler and laboratory data were checked. Cytokine levels confirmed the anti-inflammatory effect of the treatment. sHLA-G, mHLA-G and ILT2 expression inversely correlated with DAS28 disease scores. The frequency of 14 bp deletion allele increased in patients with disease remission. Based on these results, HLA-G may be a candidate biomarker to evaluate early prognosis and disease activity in ERA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Rizzo
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Microbiology, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
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Graebin P, Veit TD, Alho CS, Dias FS, Chies JAB. Polymorphic variants in exon 8 at the 3' UTR of the HLA-G gene are associated with septic shock in critically ill patients. CRITICAL CARE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CRITICAL CARE FORUM 2012; 16:R211. [PMID: 23107167 PMCID: PMC3682315 DOI: 10.1186/cc11845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2012] [Accepted: 10/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Critically ill patients are characterized as individuals hospitalized in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and can evolve to sepsis, septic shock or even death. Among others, genetic factors can influence the outcome of critically ill patients. HLA-G is a non-classical class Ib molecule that has limited protein variability, presenting seven isoforms generated by alternative splicing, and presents immunomodulatory properties. Polymorphisms at the 3'UTR are thought to influence HLA-G gene expression. It was previously observed that increased sHLA-G5 levels were predictive of survival among septic shock patients. We assessed the frequencies of 7 polymorphisms in exon 8 at the 3' UTR of HLA-G and associated these variants with different clinical outcomes in critically ill patients. Methods Exon 8 at the 3' UTR of the HLA-G gene from 638 critically ill subjects was amplified by PCR and sequenced. Genotypes were identified using FinchTV software v.1.4.0 and the most probable haplotype constitution of each sample was determined by PHASE software v.2.1. Haplotype frequencies, linkage disequilibrium, heterozygosity test and Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium were estimated using ARLEQUIN software v.3.5. Results Among all critically ill patients, an association between carriers of the +2960IN_+3142 G_+3187A haplotype and septic shock (P = 0.047) was observed. Septic patients who carried the +2960IN_+3142G_+3187A haplotype presented an increased risk for septic shock (P = 0.031). Conclusions The present study showed, for the first time, an association between polymorphisms in exon 8 at the 3 'UTR of HLA-G gene and outcomes of critically ill patients. These results may be important for understanding the mechanisms involved in evolution to septic shock in critically ill patients.
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Heparin increases HLA-G levels in primary antiphospholipid syndrome. Clin Dev Immunol 2012; 2012:232390. [PMID: 22654952 PMCID: PMC3359668 DOI: 10.1155/2012/232390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2011] [Revised: 03/03/2012] [Accepted: 03/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Objectives. The aim of this study was to investigate the HLA-G serum levels in Primary Antiphospholipid Syndrome (PAPS) patients, its impact on clinical and laboratory findings, and heparin treatment. Methods. Forty-four PAPS patients were age and gender matched with 43 controls. HLA-G serum levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results. An increase in soluble HLA-G levels was found in patients compared to controls (3.35 (0–22.9) versus 1.1 (0–14), P = 0.017). There were no significant differences in HLA-G levels between patients with and without obstetric events, arterial thrombosis, venous thrombosis, or stroke. Sixty-six percent of patients were being treated with heparin. Interestingly, patients treated with heparin had higher HLA-G levels than ones who were not treated with this medication (5 (0–22.9) versus 1.8 (0–16) ng/mL, P = 0.038). Furthermore, patients on heparin who experienced obstetric events had a trend to increased HLA-G levels compared to patients who were not on heparin and did not have obstetric events (5.8 (0–22.9) versus 2 (0–15.2) ng/mL, P = 0.05). Conclusion. This is the first study to demonstrate that serum HLA-G levels are increased in APS patients. We also demonstrated that heparin increases HLA-G levels and may increase tolerance towards autoantigens.
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González A, Rebmann V, LeMaoult J, Horn PA, Carosella ED, Alegre E. The immunosuppressive molecule HLA-G and its clinical implications. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2012; 49:63-84. [PMID: 22537084 DOI: 10.3109/10408363.2012.677947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Human leukocyte antigen G (HLA-G) is a non-classical major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecule that, through interaction with its receptors, exerts important tolerogenic functions. Its main physiological expression occurs in placenta where it seems to participate in the maternal tolerance toward the fetus. HLA-G has been studied as a marker of pregnancy complications such as abortion or pre-eclapmsia. Although HLA-G is not expressed in most adult tissues, its ectopic expression has been observed in some diseases such as viral infections, autoimmune disorders, and especially cancer. HLA-G neo-expression in cancer is associated with the capability of tumor cells to evade the immune control. In this review, we will summarize HLA-G biology and how it participates in these physiopathological processes. Special attention will be paid to its role as a diagnostic tool and also as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro González
- Department of Biochemistry, University Clinic of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
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Shegarfi H, Naddafi F, Mirshafiey A. Natural killer cells and their role in rheumatoid arthritis: friend or foe? ScientificWorldJournal 2012; 2012:491974. [PMID: 22547986 PMCID: PMC3322405 DOI: 10.1100/2012/491974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2011] [Accepted: 11/30/2011] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a long-term disease that leads to inflammation of the joints and surrounding tissues. Natural killer (NK) cells are an important part of the innate immune system and are responsible for the first line of defense against pathogens during the initial immune challenge before the adaptive immune system eventually eliminates the infectious burden. NK cells have the capacity to damage normal cells or through interaction with other cells such as dendritic cells, macrophages, and T cells cause autoimmune diseases, such as RA. NK cells isolated from the joints of patients with RA suggest that they may play a role in this disease. However, the involvement of NK cells in RA pathology is not fully elucidated. Both protective and detrimental roles of NK cells in RA have recently been reported. A better understanding of NK cells' role in RA might help to develop new therapeutic strategies for treatment of the RA or other autoimmune diseases. We have decided in this paper to focus on the NK cell biology, and attempt to bring the interested readership of this Journal up to date on the NK cell, specifically its possible relation to RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Shegarfi
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Fatemeh Naddafi
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 6446 Tehran 14155, Iran
| | - Abbas Mirshafiey
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 6446 Tehran 14155, Iran
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Sato H, Iino N, Ohashi R, Saeki T, Ito T, Saito M, Tsubata Y, Yamamoto S, Murakami S, Kuroda T, Tanabe Y, Fujisawa J, Murai T, Nakano M, Narita I, Gejyo F. Hypogammaglobulinemic patient with polyarthritis mimicking rheumatoid arthritis finally diagnosed as septic arthritis caused by Mycoplasma hominis. Intern Med 2012; 51:425-9. [PMID: 22333381 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.51.6058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypogammaglobulinemia is a reduction or absence of immunoglobulin, which may be congenital or associated with immunosuppressive therapy. In addition to infectious diseases, autoimmune diseases have also been reported in patients with hypogammaglobulinemia. A 26-year-old man with hypogammaglobulinemia had multiple joint pain and swelling with erosive changes in the proximal interphalangeal joint of the right middle finger on X-ray film, mimicking rheumatoid arthritis (RA). As polyarthritis remained after immunoglobulin replacement therapy and there was no finding indicating any infection at that time, a diagnosis of RA was made. Prednisolone and etanercept were started. However, his polyarthritis did not improve and he developed meningitis and massive brain ischemia. Finally, a diagnosis of disseminated Mycoplasma hominis infection was made. The differential diagnosis of polyarthritis in patients with hypogammaglobulinemia should strictly exclude Mycoplasma infection by culture with special media or longer anaerobic culture, and molecular methods for mycoplasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroe Sato
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Japan.
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Monsiváis-Urenda AE, Baranda L, Alvarez-Quiroga C, Abud-Mendoza C, González-Amaro R. Expression and functional role of HLA-G in immune cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. J Clin Immunol 2011; 31:369-78. [PMID: 21188486 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-010-9496-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2010] [Accepted: 12/07/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G is a class I non-classical HLA molecule with an important regulatory role on the immune response. The possible role of this molecule in the pathogenesis of SLE has not been explored. In this work, we evaluated the expression and function of HLA-G in SLE patients. We studied 37 SLE patients as well as 25 healthy donors. Peripheral blood monocytes and in vitro-generated dendritic cells (DCs) were analyzed for HLA-G expression by flow cytometry. We found that monocytes from SLE patients as well as mature CD83+ DCs showed a diminished expression of HLA-G compared with healthy controls. In addition, monocytes from SLE patients showed a diminished induction of HLA-G expression in response to stimulation with IL-10. Furthermore, functional assays showed that these monocytes pre-treated with IFN-γ exhibited a diminished capability to inhibit the proliferation of autologous lymphocytes. Finally, lymphocytes from SLE patients tended to display a lower acquisition of HLA-G (by trogocytosis) from autologous monocytes compared to controls. Our results might have implications for the immune abnormalities observed in patients with SLE.
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Prigione I, Penco F, Martini A, Gattorno M, Pistoia V, Morandi F. HLA-G and HLA-E in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2011; 50:966-72. [PMID: 21186170 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keq418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression and release of HLA-G and HLA-E in JIA. METHODS Soluble (s)HLA-G and HLA-E were measured in sera from 58 JIA patients and 54 healthy donors. Surface expression of HLA-G, HLA-E and immunoglobulin-like transcript (ILT)2 and ILT4, two receptors for HLA-G, was assessed on T, B cells and monocytes from peripheral blood (PB) and SF of 12 JIA patients and from PB of 12 controls. RESULTS Serum sHLA-G concentration was significantly lower in patients than in controls. Both sHLA-G and sHLA-E were detected in SF and sHLA-E concentration in SF was higher in extended oligoarticular/polyarticular than in limited oligoarticular JIA. Patients compared with controls showed: (i) down-regulation of HLA-E and ILT2 expression on T cells; (ii) up-regulation of HLA-E expression on B cells and monocytes; and (iii) down-regulation of ILT4 expression on monocytes. Comparing JIA patients' SF and PB we found: (i) up-regulation of HLA-E and ILT2 expression in T and B cells and monocytes; and (ii) down-regulation of ILT4 expression in monocytes. ILT4 was up-regulated in monocytes from oligoarticular extended/polyarticular compared with oligoarticular limited JIA. CONCLUSIONS A lower concentration of sHLA-G in sera may predispose to JIA, as observed for other autoimmune diseases. sHLA-E concentration in SF correlate with the number of affected joints. Higher ILT2 expression on SF cell populations compared with PB may be related to high sHLA-G concentration in SF. Higher HLA-E expression in SF than in PB cell populations may protect them from NK cytolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignazia Prigione
- Laboratory of Oncology, G. Gaslini Scientific Institute, Largo G. Gaslini 5, 16148 Genova, Italy
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Carosella ED, LeMaoult J. HLA-G: a look back, a look forward. Cell Mol Life Sci 2011; 68:337-40. [PMID: 21088981 PMCID: PMC11114643 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-010-0577-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2010] [Accepted: 10/22/2010] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Edgardo D Carosella
- CEA, I2BM, Service de Recherches en Hemato-Immunologie, 75475 Paris, France.
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Fainardi E, Castellazzi M, Stignani M, Morandi F, Sana G, Gonzalez R, Pistoia V, Baricordi OR, Sokal E, Peña J. Emerging topics and new perspectives on HLA-G. Cell Mol Life Sci 2011; 68:433-51. [PMID: 21080027 PMCID: PMC11114687 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-010-0584-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2010] [Accepted: 10/22/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Following the Fifth International Conference on non-classical HLA-G antigens (HLA-G), held in Paris in July 2009, we selected some topics which focus on emerging aspects in the setting of HLA-G functions. In particular, HLA-G molecules could play a role in: (1) various inflammatory disorders, such as multiple sclerosis, intracerebral hemorrhage, gastrointestinal, skin and rheumatic diseases, and asthma, where they may act as immunoregulatory factors; (2) the mechanisms to escape immune surveillance utilized by several viruses, such as human cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus type 1, rabies virus, hepatitis C virus, influenza virus type A and human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1); and (3) cytokine/chemokine network and stem cell transplantation, since they seem to modulate cell migration by the downregulation of chemokine receptor expression and mesenchymal stem cell activity blocking of effector cell functions and the generation of regulatory T cells. However, the immunomodulatory circuits mediated by HLA-G proteins still remain to be clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Fainardi
- Neuroradiology Unit, Department of Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria, Arcispedale S. Anna, Corso della Giovecca 203, 44100 Ferrara, Italy.
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Lack of association between promoter polymorphisms of HLA-G gene and rheumatoid arthritis in Korean population. Rheumatol Int 2011; 32:509-12. [DOI: 10.1007/s00296-010-1735-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2010] [Accepted: 12/30/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Cardili RN, Alves TG, Freitas JCOC, Soares CP, Mendes-Junior CT, Soares EG, Donadi EA, Silva-Souza C. Expression of human leucocyte antigen-G primarily targets affected skin of patients with psoriasis. Br J Dermatol 2010; 163:769-75. [PMID: 20560954 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.09917.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The nonclassical human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-G molecule has been well recognized as a tolerogenic molecule and few studies have evaluated the role of the molecule in inflammatory cutaneous autoimmune diseases. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the expression of HLA-G in skin specimens of patients with psoriasis and to analyse its correlation with epidemiological and clinical variables. METHODS Thirty untreated patients with psoriasis and 32 healthy individuals were enrolled. Immunohistochemistry was applied to identify HLA-G expression in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded cutaneous skin biopsies. RESULTS Soluble and membrane-bound HLA-G expression was detected in 30 (90%) of the skin specimens from patients presenting clinical and histopathological features of psoriasis. Although infiltrating lymphomononuclear cells of the dermis exhibited HLA-G expression, the epidermis was primarily targeted. HLA-G expression was also observed in 27% (three of 11) of the specimens that exhibited no clinical and histopathological features of psoriasis (nonaffected areas). In contrast, skin specimens obtained from healthy individuals exhibited no HLA-G expression (P < 0·0001). The intensity of HLA-G expression was not associated with type I/II psoriasis, Psoriasis Area and Severity Index score or clinical forms. CONCLUSIONS As the HLA-G molecule was consistently expressed in affected and, to a lesser extent, in nonaffected areas of untreated patients with psoriasis, irrespective of the severity of the clinical variants, one may hypothesize that the presence of HLA-G may be responsible, at least in part, for the regulation of autoimmune effector cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- R N Cardili
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Dermatology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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Jung HH, Hahn WH, Cho BS, Kim SD. Association of HLA-G gene promoter haplotype with childhood IgA nephropathy in the Korean population. KOREAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2010. [DOI: 10.3345/kjp.2010.53.4.548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hwan Hee Jung
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyunghee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Ho Hahn
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyunghee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byoung Soo Cho
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyunghee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Do Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyunghee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Chen CH, Liao HT, Chen HA, Liu CH, Liang TH, Wang CT, Tsai CY, Chou CT. Human leukocyte antigen-G in ankylosing spondylitis and the response after tumour necrosis factor- blocker therapy. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2009; 49:264-70. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kep360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Kusanovic JP, Romero R, Jodicke C, Mazaki-Tovi S, Vaisbuch E, Erez O, Mittal P, Gotsch F, Chaiworapongsa T, Edwin SS, Pacora P, Hassan SS. Amniotic fluid soluble human leukocyte antigen-G in term and preterm parturition, and intra-amniotic infection/inflammation. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2009; 22:1151-66. [PMID: 19916713 PMCID: PMC3424396 DOI: 10.3109/14767050903019684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Circulating soluble human leukocyte antigen-G (sHLA-G) has been associated with pregnancy complications, and determination of sHLA-G concentrations in amniotic fluid (AF) has been reported in normal pregnancies. Our aim was to determine if the AF concentrations of sHLA-G change with advancing gestation, spontaneous labor at term, and in patients with spontaneous preterm labor (PTL) with intact membranes, as well as in those with preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PROM), in the presence or absence of intra-amniotic infection/inflammation (IAI). STUDY DESIGN This cross-sectional study included the following groups: (1) mid-trimester (n = 55); (2) normal pregnancy at term with (n = 50) and without (n = 50) labor; (3) spontaneous PTL with intact membranes divided into: (a) PTL who delivered at term (n = 153); (b) PTL who delivered preterm without IAI (n = 108); and (c) PTL with IAI (n = 84); and (4) preterm PROM with (n = 46) and without (n = 44) IAI. sHLA-G concentrations were determined by ELISA. Non-parametric statistics were used for analysis. RESULTS (1) Among patients with PTL, the median AF sHLA-G concentration was higher in patients with IAI than in those without IAI or women that delivered at term (p < 0.001 for both comparisons); (2) Similarly, patients with preterm PROM and IAI had higher median AF sHLA-G concentrations than those without IAI (p = 0.004); (3) Among patients with PTL and delivery, those with histologic chorioamnionitis and/or funisitis had a higher median AF sHLA-G concentration than those without histologic inflammation (p < 0.001); and (4) The median AF sHLA-G concentration did not change with advancing gestational age. CONCLUSIONS AF sHLA-G concentrations are elevated in preterm parturition associated to IAI as well as in histologic chorioamnionitis. We propose that sHLA-G may participate in the regulation of the host immune response against intra-amniotic infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pedro Kusanovic
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland and Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Roberto Romero
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland and Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Cristiano Jodicke
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland and Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Shali Mazaki-Tovi
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland and Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Edi Vaisbuch
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland and Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Offer Erez
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland and Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Pooja Mittal
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland and Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Francesca Gotsch
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland and Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Tinnakorn Chaiworapongsa
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland and Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Sam S. Edwin
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland and Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Percy Pacora
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland and Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Sonia S. Hassan
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland and Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Detroit, Michigan, USA
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Alvarez M, Piedade J, Balseiro S, Ribas G, Regateiro F. HLA-G 3'-UTR SNP and 14-bp deletion polymorphisms in Portuguese and Guinea-Bissau populations. Int J Immunogenet 2009; 36:361-6. [PMID: 19821846 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2009.00875.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In the HLA-G locus, the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) begins in the mid exon 6, and ends in exon 8. The occurrence of a 14-bp deletion within exon 8, the only mutation known until now in the 3'-UTR, has been considered a risk factor for disease and allograft rejection. To describe the polymorphism within this region, direct sequencing analysis was performed on 120 DNA samples from Portugal and Guinea-Bissau. Results indicate that exon 8 is less conserved than the coding exons. Nine single nucleotide polymorphisms and the previously described 14-bp deletion were found within exon 8 of both populations. Molecular diversity was higher in the Guinean samples than in the Portuguese; however, little differentiation was found among the populations, suggesting that local selection on exon 8 sequence variation is absent. The screening for sequence motifs suggests that polymorphism on this region may be involved in HLA-G post-transcriptional regulation and, therefore, in phenotype variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Alvarez
- Department of Anthropology, University of Coimbra, 3000-056 Coimbra, Portugal.
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Veit TD, Cordero EAA, Mucenic T, Monticielo OA, Brenol JCT, Xavier RM, Delgado-Cañedo A, Chies JAB. Association of the HLA-G 14 bp polymorphism with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2009; 18:424-30. [PMID: 19318395 DOI: 10.1177/0961203308098187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) is a nonclassical class I major histocompatibility complex molecule which is induced at the course of inflammatory pathologies, and its expression has been suggested as a possible mechanism of tissue protection against autoimmune inflammatory responses, therefore acting as a mechanism of immune surveillance. We investigated the influence of the 14 bp polymorphism of the HLA-G gene on systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) by analyzing 293 patients with SLE and 460 healthy controls. The patient's group was not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, presenting an excess of heterozygotes (P = 0.014). The heterozygote group exhibited lower systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity indexes than the homozygous deletion group and the homozygous insertion group (mean value = 2.29 against 2.97 and 3.4, respectively, P = 0.035). Photosensitive patients showed a higher frequency of heterozygotes and an equivalent lower frequency of homozygotes for deletion; on the other hand, patients without arthritis presented a higher frequency of heterozygotes than the arthritis group and also a lower frequency of the del/del genotype. Overall, our results support the idea of a role of the HLA-G insertion/deletion polymorphism and therefore a role for the HLA-G molecule, on the pathology of SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- T D Veit
- Genetics Department, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
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