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Pal-Ghosh S, Karpinski BA, Datta Majumdar H, Ghosh T, Thomasian J, Brooks SR, Sawaya AP, Morasso MI, Scholand KK, de Paiva CS, Galletti JG, Stepp MA. Molecular mechanisms regulating wound repair: Evidence for paracrine signaling from corneal epithelial cells to fibroblasts and immune cells following transient epithelial cell treatment with Mitomycin C. Exp Eye Res 2023; 227:109353. [PMID: 36539051 PMCID: PMC10560517 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2022.109353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we use RNAseq to identify senescence and phagocytosis as key factors to understanding how mitomyin C (MMC) stimulates regenerative wound repair. We use conditioned media (CM) from untreated (CMC) and MMC treated (CMM) human and mouse corneal epithelial cells to show that corneal epithelial cells indirectly exposed to MMC secrete elevated levels of immunomodulatory proteins including IL-1α and TGFβ1 compared to cells exposed to CMC. These factors increase epithelial and macrophage phagocytosis and promote ECM turnover. IL-1α supplementation can increase phagocytosis in control epithelial cells and attenuate TGFβ1 induced αSMA expression by corneal fibroblasts. Yet, we show that epithelial cell CM contains factors besides IL-1α that regulate phagocytosis and αSMA expression by fibroblasts. Exposure to CMM also impacts the activation of bone marrow derived dendritic cells and their ability to present antigen. These in vitro studies show how a brief exposure to MMC induces corneal epithelial cells to release proteins and other factors that function in a paracrine way to enhance debris removal and enlist resident epithelial and immune cells as well as stromal fibroblasts to support regenerative and not fibrotic wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonali Pal-Ghosh
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, 20037, USA
| | - Beverly A Karpinski
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, 20037, USA
| | - Himani Datta Majumdar
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, 20037, USA
| | - Trisha Ghosh
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, 20037, USA
| | - Julie Thomasian
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, 20037, USA
| | - Stephen R Brooks
- Biodata Mining and Discovery Section, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Andrew P Sawaya
- Laboratory of Skin Biology, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Maria I Morasso
- Laboratory of Skin Biology, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Kaitlin K Scholand
- Ocular Surface Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; Department of Biosciences, Rice University, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Cintia S de Paiva
- Ocular Surface Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jeremias G Galletti
- Innate Immunity Laboratory, Institute of Experimental Medicine (IMEX), National Academy of Medicine/CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mary Ann Stepp
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, 20037, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, 20037, USA.
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Zakharova I, Saaya S, Shevchenko A, Stupnikova A, Zhiven' M, Laktionov P, Stepanova A, Romashchenko A, Yanshole L, Chernonosov A, Volkov A, Kizilova E, Zavjalov E, Chernyavsky A, Romanov A, Karpenko A, Zakian S. Mitomycin-Treated Endothelial and Smooth Muscle Cells Suitable for Safe Tissue Engineering Approaches. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:772981. [PMID: 35360387 PMCID: PMC8963790 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.772981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In our previous study, we showed that discarded cardiac tissue from the right atrial appendage and right ventricular myocardium is an available source of functional endothelial and smooth muscle cells for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. In the study, we aimed to find out what benefits are given by vascular cells from cardiac explants used for seeding on vascular patches engrafted to repair vascular defects in vivo. Additionally, to make the application of these cells safer in regenerative medicine we tested an in vitro approach that arrested mitotic division to avoid the potential tumorigenic effect of dividing cells. A tissue-engineered construction in the form of a patch based on a polycaprolactone-gelatin scaffold and seeded with endothelial and smooth muscle cells was implanted into the abdominal aorta of immunodeficient SCID mice. Aortic patency was assessed using ultrasound, MRI, immunohistochemical and histological staining. Endothelial and smooth muscle cells were treated with mitomycin C at a therapeutic concentration of 10 μg/ml for 2 h with subsequent analysis of cell proliferation and function. The absence of the tumorigenic effect of mitomycin C-treated cells, as well as their angiogenic potential, was examined by injecting them into immunodeficient mice. Cell-containing patches engrafted in the abdominal aorta of immunodeficient mice form the vessel wall loaded with the appropriate cells and extracellular matrix, and do not interfere with normal patency. Endothelial and smooth muscle cells treated with mitomycin C show no tumorigenic effect in the SCID immunodeficient mouse model. During in vitro experiments, we have shown that treatment with mitomycin C does not lead to a decrease in cell viability. Despite the absence of proliferation, mitomycin C-treated vascular cells retain specific cell markers, produce specific extracellular matrix, and demonstrate the ability to stimulate angiogenesis in vivo. We pioneered an approach to arresting cell division with mitomycin C in endothelial and smooth muscle cells from cardiac explant, which prevents the risk of malignancy from dividing cells in vascular surgery. We believe that this approach to the fabrication of tissue-engineered constructs based on mitotically inactivated cells from waste postoperative material may be valuable to bring closer the development of safe cell products for regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Zakharova
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
- E.N. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, The Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
- *Correspondence: Irina Zakharova,
| | - Shoraan Saaya
- E.N. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alexander Shevchenko
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
- E.N. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, The Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alena Stupnikova
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Deparment of Natural Science, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Maria Zhiven'
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Pavel Laktionov
- E.N. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, The Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alena Stepanova
- E.N. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, The Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alexander Romashchenko
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Lyudmila Yanshole
- International Tomography Center,The Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alexander Chernonosov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, The Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alexander Volkov
- E.N. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Elena Kizilova
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Deparment of Natural Science, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Evgenii Zavjalov
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alexander Chernyavsky
- E.N. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alexander Romanov
- E.N. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Andrey Karpenko
- E.N. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Suren Zakian
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
- E.N. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, The Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
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Kiefer J, Diehm Y, Germann G, Kneser U, Terness P, Radu CA. [Immunosuppressive effect of mitomycin C-treated peripheral mononuclear blood cells (MICs) in vascularised composite allotransplantation]. HANDCHIR MIKROCHIR P 2021; 53:389-399. [PMID: 33412589 DOI: 10.1055/a-1261-3447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation (VCA) enables the restoration of complex tissue defects. Since the first successful hand and face transplants were performed, clinical and experimental research has consistently improved immunosuppressive therapies. The incubation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with mitomycin C (MMC) results in immunomodulatory cells (MICs). In previous studies, the systemic application of MICs on the day of allogeneic hind limb transplantation led to a significant immunosuppression in rats. The aim of this study is to further investigate the optimal point in time of MIC application in a complex VCA model. MATERIAL AND METHODS In six groups, 60 allogeneic hind limb transplantations were performed. Fully mismatched rats were used as hind limb donors [Lewis (LEW)] and recipients [Brown-Norway (BN)]. Group A received donor-derived MICs seven days preoperatively. Group B received no immunosuppression; group C received untreated PBMCs seven days prior to transplantation. Animals in group D received cell culture media, whereas group E was treated with a standard immunosuppression consisting of tacrolimus and prednisolone. In group F, syngeneic hind limb transplantations (BN→BN) were performed. Transplant rejection was assessed clinically and histologically. RESULTS Group A showed a significantly earlier onset of allograft rejection after 3.5 ± 0.2 days (p < 0.01) when compared with control groups B, C and D (5.5 ± 0.7, 5.3 ± 0.7 und 5.7 ± 0.5). Groups E and F showedno allograft rejection. CONCLUSION This study shows that the time of application determines the immunomodulatory effects of MICs. Whereas the systemic application of MICs on the day of transplantation led to a significant immunosuppression in previous studies, this study demonstrates that preoperative injections of MICs lead to an acceleration of allotransplant rejection. Follow-up studies are necessary to investigate further modifications of application time as well as dose-effect relations and cell characteristics of these potential immunosuppressive cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jurij Kiefer
- BG Unfallklinik Ludwigshafen, Klinik f. Hand-, Plast. u. Rekonstr. Chirurgie, Schwerbrandverletztenzentrum
| | - Yannick Diehm
- BG Klinik Ludwigshafen, Klinik für Hand, Plastische und Rekonstruktive Chirurgie, Plastische Chirurgie der Universität Heidelberg, Schwerbrandverletztenzentrum
| | - Günter Germann
- ETHIANUM - Klinik für Plastische und Rekonstruktive Chirurgie Ästhetische Chirurgie
| | - Ulrich Kneser
- BG Unfallklinik Ludwigshafen und Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Klinik für Hand, Plastische und Rekonstruktive Chirurgie, Schwerbrandverletztenzentrum, Klinik für Plastische Chirurgie
| | - Peter Terness
- UniversitätsKlinikum Heidelberg, Abteilung für Transplantationsimmunologie
| | - Christian Andreas Radu
- BG Unfallklinik Ludwigshafen, Klinik f. Hand-, Plast. u. Rekonstr. Chirurgie, Schwerbrandverletztenzentrum
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Radu CA, Fischer S, Diehm Y, Hetzel O, Neubrech F, Dittmar L, Kleist C, Gebhard MM, Terness P, Kneser U, Kiefer J. The combination of mitomycin-induced blood cells with a temporary treatment of ciclosporin A prolongs allograft survival in vascularized composite allotransplantation. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2017; 403:83-92. [PMID: 28823033 DOI: 10.1007/s00423-017-1616-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA) is a rapidly expanding field of transplantation and provides a potential treatment for complex tissue defects. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) shortly incubated with the antibiotic and chemotherapeutic agent mitomycin C (MMC) can suppress allogeneic T cell response and control allograft rejection in various organ transplantation models. MMC-incubated PBMCs (MICs) are currently being tested in a phase I clinical trial in kidney transplant patients. Previous studies with MICs in a complex VCA model showed the immunomodulatory potential of these cells. The aim of this study is to optimize and evaluate the use of MICs in combination with a standard immunosuppressive drug in VCA. METHODS Fully mismatched rats were used as hind limb donors [Lewis (RT11)] and recipients [Brown-Norway (RT1n)]. Sixty allogeneic hind limb transplantations were performed in six groups. Group A received donor-derived MICs combined with a temporary ciclosporin A (CsA) treatment. Group B received MICs in combination with a temporarily administered reduced dose of CsA. Group C served as a control and received a standard CsA dose temporarily without an additional administration of MICs, whereas Group D was solely medicated with a reduced CsA dose. Group E received no immunosuppressive therapy, neither CsA nor MICs. Group F was given a continuous standard immunosuppressive regimen consisting of CsA and prednisolone. The endpoint of the study was the onset of allograft rejection which was assessed clinically and histologically. RESULTS In group A and B, the rejection-free interval of the allograft was significantly prolonged to an average of 23.1 ± 1.7 and 24.7 ± 1.8 days compared to the corresponding control groups (p < 0.01). Rejection in groups C, D, and E was noted after 14.3 ± 1.1, 7.8 ± 0.7, and 6.9 ± 0.6 days. No rejection occurred in control group F during the follow-up period of 100 days. No adverse events have been noted. CONCLUSION The findings of this study show that the combination of MICs with a temporary CsA treatment significantly prolongs the rejection-free interval in a complex VCA model. The combination of MICs with CsA showed no adverse events such as graft-versus-host disease. MICs, which are generated by a simple and reliable in vitro technique, represent a potential therapeutic tool for prolonging allograft survival through immunomodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Andreas Radu
- Department of Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, Plastic- and Hand Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Ludwig-Guttmann-Str. 13, D-67071, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Fischer
- Department of Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, Plastic- and Hand Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Ludwig-Guttmann-Str. 13, D-67071, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Yannick Diehm
- Department of Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, Plastic- and Hand Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Ludwig-Guttmann-Str. 13, D-67071, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Otto Hetzel
- Department of Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, Plastic- and Hand Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Ludwig-Guttmann-Str. 13, D-67071, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Florian Neubrech
- Department of Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, Plastic- and Hand Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Ludwig-Guttmann-Str. 13, D-67071, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Laura Dittmar
- Transplantation Immunology, Institute for Immunology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Kleist
- Transplantation Immunology, Institute for Immunology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martha Maria Gebhard
- Department of Experimental Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Terness
- Transplantation Immunology, Institute for Immunology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Kneser
- Department of Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, Plastic- and Hand Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Ludwig-Guttmann-Str. 13, D-67071, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Jurij Kiefer
- Department of Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, Plastic- and Hand Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Ludwig-Guttmann-Str. 13, D-67071, Ludwigshafen, Germany.
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Radu CA, Kiefer J, Gebhard MM, Bigdeli AK, Schmidt VJ, Germann G, Lehnhardt M, Terness P, Kneser U, Kremer T. Local administration of Mitomycin-C-Treated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) prolongs allograft survival in vascularized composite allotransplantation. Microsurgery 2015; 36:417-425. [DOI: 10.1002/micr.30003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2015] [Revised: 08/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Andreas Radu
- Department of Hand- Plastic- and Reconstructive Surgery; Burn Center, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, Plastic- and Hand Surgery-University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg; Germany
| | - Jurij Kiefer
- Department of Hand- Plastic- and Reconstructive Surgery; Burn Center, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, Plastic- and Hand Surgery-University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg; Germany
| | - Martha Maria Gebhard
- Department of Experimental Surgery; University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg; Germany
| | - Amir Khosrow Bigdeli
- Department of Hand- Plastic- and Reconstructive Surgery; Burn Center, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, Plastic- and Hand Surgery-University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg; Germany
| | - Volker Jürgen Schmidt
- Department of Hand- Plastic- and Reconstructive Surgery; Burn Center, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, Plastic- and Hand Surgery-University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg; Germany
| | - Guenter Germann
- Department of Hand- Plastic- and Reconstructive Surgery, Clinic for Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery; Aesthetic and Preventive Medicine at Heidelberg University Hospital; Ethianum Heidelberg Germany
| | - Marcus Lehnhardt
- Department of Plastic Surgery; Burn Center, Sarcoma Reference Center, BG-University Hospital Bergmannsheil; Bochum Germany
| | - Peter Terness
- Department of Transplant Immunology; Institute for Immunology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg; Germany
| | - Ulrich Kneser
- Department of Hand- Plastic- and Reconstructive Surgery; Burn Center, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, Plastic- and Hand Surgery-University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg; Germany
| | - Thomas Kremer
- Department of Hand- Plastic- and Reconstructive Surgery; Burn Center, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, Plastic- and Hand Surgery-University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg; Germany
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Wang F, Li J, Wang D, Fu Q, Xiong YY, Huang HT, Liu LS, Wang CX. An immunotherapeutic strategy for prolonging graft survival in mice. Transpl Immunol 2015; 33:84-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2015.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Revised: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Dittmar L, Mohr E, Kleist C, Ehser S, Demirdizen H, Sandra-Petrescu F, Hundemer M, Opelz G, Terness P. Immunosuppressive properties of mitomycin C-incubated human myeloid blood cells (MIC) in vitro. Hum Immunol 2015; 76:480-7. [PMID: 26074415 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2015.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Previous animal studies showed that donor-derived blood cells treated with mitomycin C (MMC) prolong allograft survival when injected into recipients. This model was effective with whole blood, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) (monocytes being the active cell subpopulation) or dendritic cells. In view of a potential clinical application, we study now the immunosuppressive properties of human myeloid cells in vitro. Mature dendritic cells (generated from naïve monocytes) or monocytes treated with mitomycin C do not or only weakly inhibit allogeneic T cells in vitro, whereas cells in an early differentiation state between monocytes and DC exert suppressive activity when treated with MMC. In contrast, DC generated from MMC-treated monocytes show the morphology and phenotype of early immature DC (iDC) and suppress T-cell responses. It is known that untreated monocytes injected into a recipient encounter a cytokine milieu which differentiates them to stimulatory DC. In our in vitro experiment MMC-treated monocytes cultured in a DC-maturing milieu transform themselves into suppressive early iDC. This reproduces a process which takes place when administering MMC-monocytes to a recipient. In conclusion, human MMC-DC or MMC-monocytes are not or only weakly suppressive in vitro. When MMC-monocytes are differentiated to DC the resulting cells become suppressive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Dittmar
- Department of Transplantation Immunology, Institute for Immunology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 305, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Elisabeth Mohr
- Department of Transplantation Immunology, Institute for Immunology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 305, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Christian Kleist
- Department of Transplantation Immunology, Institute for Immunology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 305, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Sandra Ehser
- Department of Transplantation Immunology, Institute for Immunology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 305, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Haydar Demirdizen
- Department of Transplantation Immunology, Institute for Immunology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 305, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Flavius Sandra-Petrescu
- Department of Transplantation Immunology, Institute for Immunology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 305, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Michael Hundemer
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Gerhard Opelz
- Department of Transplantation Immunology, Institute for Immunology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 305, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Peter Terness
- Department of Transplantation Immunology, Institute for Immunology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 305, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Pretreatment of Transfused Donor Splenocytes and Allografts With Mitomycin C Attenuates Acute Rejection in Heart Transplantation in Mice. Transplant Proc 2014; 46:1169-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2013.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2013] [Revised: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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9
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Radu CA, Kiefer J, Horn D, Kleist C, Dittmar L, Sandra F, Rebel M, Ryssel H, Koellensperger E, Gebhard MM, Lehnhardt M, Germann G, Terness P. Mitomycin-C-treated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) prolong allograft survival in composite tissue allotransplantation. J Surg Res 2012; 176:e95-e101. [PMID: 22445458 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2011.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2011] [Revised: 11/16/2011] [Accepted: 12/15/2011] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Composite tissue allotransplantation (CTA) was introduced as a potential treatment for complex reconstructive procedures and has become a clinical reality. Hand and face transplantation, the most widely recognized forms of CTA, have intensified immunological research in this emerging field of transplantation. Mitomycin C (MMC) is an alkylating agent that suppresses allogeneic T-cell responses. MMC-treated dendritic cells/PBMCs have been shown to induce donor-specific tolerance in solid organ allograft transplantations. METHODS Fully mismatched rats were used as hind limb donors [Lewis (RT1(1))] and recipients [Brown-Norway (RT1(n))]. Fifty-five allogeneic hind limb transplantations were accomplished in six groups. Group A (n = 10) received donor-derived MMC-treated PBMCs on transplantation day. Group B (n = 10) rats received no immunosuppression, group C (n = 10) received FK506 and prednisolon, group D consisted in isograft transplantation without immunosuppression, group E (n = 10) received non-treated PBMCs, and group F (n = 5) received PBS without any donor-derived cells. Rejection was assessed clinically and histologically. RESULTS In group A, the survival times of the allografts were prolonged to an average of 8.0 d. Rejection was significantly delayed compared with the averages of the corresponding control groups B, E, and F (5.5, 5.9, and 5.8 d). No rejection was seen in control groups C and D. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that MMC-treated donor PBMCs significantly prolong allograft survival when administered systemically on the day of transplantation. However, the immunomodulatory effect is relatively modest with further research being required to clarify dose-effect relations, cell characteristics, and an optimized mechanism and timing for cell application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Andreas Radu
- Department of Hand, Plastic, and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, Plastic and Hand Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Germany.
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Dendritic cells as a tool to induce transplantation tolerance: obstacles and opportunities. Transplantation 2011; 91:2-7. [PMID: 21452405 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0b013e31820263b3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells are the key component to regulate and coordinate adaptive immune responses, including tolerance. This overview will briefly summarize different strategies to generate tolerogenic dendritic cell and the in vivo use of these cells in experimental transplantation models. We discuss some obstacles and possible solutions including alternative strategies for the use of negative vaccination in the context of organ transplantation.
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