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Ameen R, Titus R, Geo JA, Al Shemmari S, Geraghty DE, Pyo CW, Askar M. KIR genotype and haplotype repertoire in Kuwaiti healthy donors, hematopoietic cell transplant recipients and healthy family members. HLA 2023; 102:179-191. [PMID: 36960942 DOI: 10.1111/tan.15029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
The gene complex located on chromosome 19q13.4 encodes the Killer-cell Immunoglobulin-like Receptors (KIRs), which exhibit remarkable polymorphism in both gene content and sequences. Further, the repertoire of KIR genes varies within and between populations, creating a diverse pool of KIR genotypes. This study was carried out to characterize KIR genotypes and haplotypes among 379 Arab Kuwaiti individuals including 60 subjects from 20 trio families, 49 hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) recipients and 270 healthy Kuwaiti volunteer HCT donors. KIR Genotyping was performed by a combination of reverse sequence specific oligonucleotide probes (rSSO) and/or Real Time PCR. The frequencies of KIR genes in 270 healthy Kuwaiti volunteer donors were compared to previously reported frequencies in other populations. In addition, we compared the differences in KIR repertoire of patients and healthy donors to investigate the reproducibility of previously reported significant differences between patients with hematological malignancies and healthy donors. The observed frequencies in our cohort volunteer HCT donors was comparable to those reported in neighboring Arab populations. The activating genes KIR2DS1, KIR2DS5 and KIR3DS1 and the inhibitory gene KIR2DL5 were significantly more frequent in patients compared to healthy donors, however, none of the previously reported differences were reproducible in our Kuwaiti cohort. This report is the first description of KIR gene carrier frequency and haplotype characterization in a fairly large cohort of the Kuwaiti population, which may have implications in KIR based HCT donor selection strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Ameen
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Kuwait University, Jabriya, Kuwait
| | - Roshni Titus
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Kuwait University, Jabriya, Kuwait
| | - Jeethu Anu Geo
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Kuwait University, Jabriya, Kuwait
| | - Salem Al Shemmari
- Department of Medicine, Health Sciences Center, Kuwait University, Jabriya, Kuwait
| | - Daniel E Geraghty
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Chul-Woo Pyo
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Medhat Askar
- College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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Hanis Zainal Abidin NW, Mohd Nor N, Sundararajulu P, Zafarina Z. Understanding the genetic history of Malay populations in Peninsular Malaysia via KIR genes diversity. Am J Hum Biol 2020; 33:e23545. [PMID: 33289243 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) genes with high polymorphism at genotypic levels are important in providing immune defense and have been expanded towards human population genetics. The aim of this study is to provide supporting information from this new biomarker to strengthen the comprehension of genetic history of the complex Malay population. METHODS KIR genotyping for 213 unadmixed Malay individuals from six subethnic groups (Acheh, Bugis, Champa, Mandailing, Minang and Kedah) was carried out using PCR-SSP (sequence specific primers) method in 16 independent reactions. RESULTS The most frequent KIR genotype observed is AA1, followed by AB4 and AB5. Five genotypes; AA1, AB4, AB5, AB7 and AB8 were shared among all Malay subethnic groups. The highest frequency of KIR haplotype A was observed in Minang Malays, whereas Acheh and Kedah Malays carry a balanced distribution of A and B KIR haplotypes. PCA for the KIR genes clearly illustrated six ethnogeographical population clusters; Africans, Amerindian, Northeast Asian, South Asian, Oceania and Southeast Asian populations. All six Malay subethnic groups fell within the Southeast Asian cluster. CONCLUSIONS The complex array of KIR genotypes observed in the Malays indicates their historical interactions with various populations, especially with the Chinese, Indians and Orang Asli. This study has demonstrated the potential of KIR genes as a genetic marker for deducing population structure and genetic relationship between populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Norazmi Mohd Nor
- Human Identification/DNA Unit, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Panneerchelvam Sundararajulu
- Human Identification/DNA Unit, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Zainuddin Zafarina
- Analytical Biochemistry Research Centre, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, USM, Penang, Malaysia
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Barani S, Taghipour M, Ghaderi A. Positive association of Bx genotype, KIR2L5, KIR2DS5 and full-length KIR2DS4 with the risk of meningioma. Immunobiology 2019; 225:151900. [PMID: 31899050 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2019.151900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND NK cells as a part of innate immune system, are controlled by a set of activating and inhibitory KIR receptors (aKIR, iKIR) which are implicated in tumor microenvironment immunity through a variety of activating and inhibitory immune signals. KIRs are multi gene family receptors that differ in the number and type of genes among individuals. In the current research we determined the KIRs genes and genotypes impact on predisposition to meningioma development in Iranians. METHODS Sequence-specific primers-polymerase chain reaction (SSP-PCR) was performed for genotyping of 16 KIRs in 159 meningioma cases and 362 age and sex matched healthy controls (CNs) at Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research. RESULTS Comparison of the KIR genotypes frequencies between cases and controls disclosed a highly significant increase in Bx genotype, CxTx subset and Cen AB and Tel AB in meningioma cases and a decrease in AA genotype, C4Tx subset and Cen AA, Tel AA, Tel BB in healthy controls. Among all 16 KIR genes, the carriers of KIR2DL5 and KIR2DS5 constituted a much greater proportion in meningioma than control group. Comparison of carrier frequencies of KIR2DS4 variants between case and controls revealed a higher frequency of KIR2DS4 full length (KIR2DS4fl) in meningioma cases and a lower frequency of KIR2DS4 deleted variant (KIR2DS4del) in controls. Furthermore, the simultaneous presence of 2DS5, 2DS4fl, CenAB, TelAB and absence of 2DS4del, CenAA, TelAA, TelBB, magnify the risk of developing meningioma substantially (OR ≈ 23). Altogether, 41 distinct KIR genotypes were characterized in 521 subjects. Among them, some individuals were characterized by seven peculiar genotypes that the linkage disequilibrium between KIR2DS2-KIR2DL2 and KIR2DL5-KIR2DS3-KIR2DS5 has not been detected. The carriers of certain genotypes with presence of as KIR2DL5 and absence of KIR2DS3, KIR2DS5 constituted a much higher proportion in meningioma than control group which increase the risk of meningioma up to 72 times. CONCLUSION This case- control study suggests carriers of Bx genotype, KIR2DL5, KIR2DS5, 2DS4fl, ≥ 4 iKIR, CxTx subset as well as Cen AB and Tel AB are associated with an increased risk of developing meningioma whereas carrying KIR2DS4del, AA, C4TX genotypes and Cen AA, Tel AA, Tel BB reduce the genetic predisposition for meningioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaghik Barani
- Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mousa Taghipour
- Neurosurgery Department, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Abbas Ghaderi
- Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Elfishawi SM, Mossallam GI, El-Fattah RA, El-Haddad A, Kamel AM. The effect of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor genotype on outcome of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from matched sibling. Hum Immunol 2017; 78:684-691. [PMID: 28993188 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The alloreactivity of natural killer (NK) cell after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) is regulated by the interaction between donor killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) and recipient human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-class I molecules. The aim was to identify KIR genes, haplotypes and their HLA-class I ligands and to investigate their association with transplantation outcome. The study included 65 patient/donor pairs who received AHSCT from HLA-matched identical siblings. KIR genotyping was done for donors using reverse sequence specific oligonucleotide probes (rSSO) coupled with luminex technology, while HLA-C genotyping was performed in patients using rSSO strip assay. In multivariate analysis, KIR2DS4 was associated with significant reduced incidence of relapse (p = .002). A trend towards reduced incidence of relapse was also observed with more than two KIR B motifs (p = .09), whereas a significant increased relapse was associated with homozygous HLA-C2 ligand compared to combined C1/C2 and C1/C1 (p = .04). Activating KIR2DS3 was associated with rapid leukocyte engraftment (p = .02). While, KIR 2DL5 was associated with decreased CMV infection (p = .03) and better platelets engraftment (p = .05). KIR genes, haplotypes and HLA-C alleles have an impact on HSCT outcome. Better selection of donors with favorable KIR genotype can improve HLA-matched sibling HSCT outcome especially for AML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally M Elfishawi
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Laboratory Unit, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Ghada I Mossallam
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Laboratory Unit, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Egypt.
| | - Raafat Abd El-Fattah
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Alaa El-Haddad
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Azza M Kamel
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Laboratory Unit, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Egypt
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Osman AE, AlJuryyan A, Alharthi H, Almoshary M. Association between the killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor a haplotype and childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Hum Immunol 2017; 78:510-514. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2017] [Revised: 04/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Omar SYA, Alkuriji A, Alwasel S, Dar JA, Alhammad A, Christmas S, Mansour L. Genotypic diversity of the Killer Cell Immunoglobulin-like Receptors (KIR) and their HLA class I Ligands in a Saudi population. Genet Mol Biol 2016; 39:14-23. [PMID: 27007893 PMCID: PMC4807387 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2015-0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Killer Cell Immunoglobulin-like Receptors (KIR) have been used as good markers for the study of genetic predisposition in many diseases and in human genetic population dynamics. In this context, we have investigated the genetic diversity of KIR genes and their main HLA class I ligands in Saudi population and compared the data with other studies of neighboring populations. One hundred and fourteen randomly selected healthy Saudi subjects were genotyped for the presence or absence of 16 KIR genes and their HLA-C1, -C2, -Bw4Thr80 and Bw4Ile80 groups, using a PCR-SSP technique. The results show the occurrence of the framework genes (3DL2, 3DL3 and 2DL4) and the pseudogenes (2DP1 and 3DP1) at highest frequencies. All inhibitory KIR (iKIR) genes appeared at higher frequencies than activating genes (aKIR), except for 2DS4 with a frequency of 90.35%. A total of 55 different genotypes were observed appearing at different frequencies, where 12 are considered novel. Two haplotypes were characterized, AA and Bx (BB and AB), which were observed in 24.5% and 75.5% respectively of the studied group. The frequencies of iKIR + HLA associations were found to be much higher than aKIR + HLA. KIR genes frequencies in the Saudi population are comparable with other Middle Eastern and North African populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suliman Y Al Omar
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyad, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afrah Alkuriji
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyad, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh Alwasel
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyad, Saudi Arabia
| | - Javid Ahmed Dar
- Central Laboratory College of Science, King Saud University, Riyad, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alwaleed Alhammad
- Immunology Unit, Department of Pathology, King Saud University, Riyad, Saudi Arabia
| | - Stephen Christmas
- Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology & Immunology, Institute of Global Health, Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Lamjed Mansour
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyad, Saudi Arabia
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Osman AE, Eltayeb-ELSheikh N, Mubasher M, Al Harthi H, Alharbi S, Hamza MA, ElGhazali G. Investigation of activating and inhibitory killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors and their putative ligands in type 1 diabetes (T1D). Hum Immunol 2015; 77:110-114. [PMID: 26542066 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2015.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Revised: 05/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Genetic and environmental factors play important roles in predisposing an individual to the development of type 1 diabetes (T1D). Several studies have investigated the role of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) and their HLA-class I ligands in susceptibility to T1D development, but only some of these studies have demonstrated an association. KIRs and their corresponding HLA class I ligands were investigated in Saudi patients with T1D compared with healthy controls. No significant differences in KIR gene distribution were observed between T1D patients and healthy controls. However, the homozygous C1/C1 ligand was considered a risk factor in predisposing individuals to T1D, whereas C2/C2 and HLA-Bw4 were considered protective factors against T1D. KIR2DL2/2DS2-C1C1 and KIR2DL3-C1C1 were significantly associated with T1D, and KIR2DS1-C2C2 and KIR2DL1-C2C2 were significantly less frequent in T1D patients. Stratification of KIR-HLA class I ligands in terms of the absence/presence of specific genotypes has different indications for susceptibility to T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awad E Osman
- King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh 11525, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Gehad ElGhazali
- Mafraq Hospital and Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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