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Orsenigo F, Stewart A, Hammer CP, Clarke E, Simpkin D, Attia H, Rockall T, Gordon S, Martinez FO. Unifying considerations and evidence of macrophage activation mosaicism through human CSF1R and M1/M2 genes. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114352. [PMID: 38870011 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Addressing the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) and macrophage M1/M2 activation is important in diagnosing hematological disorders and inflammatory pathologies and designing therapeutic tools. CSF1R is a reliable marker to identify all circulating MPS cells and tissue macrophages in humans using a single surface protein. CSF1R permits the quantification and isolation of monocyte and dendritic cell (DC) subsets in conjunction with CD14, CD16, and CD1c and is stable across the lifespan and sexes in the absence of overt pathology. Beyond cell detection, measuring M1/M2 activation in humans poses challenges due to response heterogeneity, transient signaling, and multiple regulation steps for transcripts and proteins. MPS cells respond in a conserved manner to M1/M2 pathways such as interleukin-4 (IL-4), steroids, interferon-γ (IFNγ), and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), for which we propose an ad hoc modular gene expression tool. Signature analysis highlights macrophage activation mosaicism in experimental samples, an emerging concept that points to mixed macrophage activation states in pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Orsenigo
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, GU2 7XH Guildford, UK
| | - Alexander Stewart
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, GU2 7XH Guildford, UK; Virology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency, APHA-Weybridge, KT15 3NB Addlestone, UK
| | - Clare P Hammer
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, GU2 7XH Guildford, UK; Royal Surrey County Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, GU2 7XX Guildford, UK
| | - Emma Clarke
- Royal Surrey County Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, GU2 7XX Guildford, UK
| | - Daniel Simpkin
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, GU2 7XH Guildford, UK
| | - Hossameldin Attia
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, GU2 7XH Guildford, UK; Royal Surrey County Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, GU2 7XX Guildford, UK
| | - Timothy Rockall
- Royal Surrey County Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, GU2 7XX Guildford, UK
| | - Siamon Gordon
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan; Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, OX13RE Oxford, UK
| | - Fernando O Martinez
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, GU2 7XH Guildford, UK.
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Wan L, Wang S, Xie Z, Ren H, Xie L, Luo S, Li M, Xie Z, Fan Q, Zeng T, Zhang Y, Zhang M, Huang J, Wei Y. Chicken IFI6 inhibits avian reovirus replication and affects related innate immune signaling pathways. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1237438. [PMID: 38033564 PMCID: PMC10687481 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1237438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferon-alpha inducible protein 6 (IFI6) is an important interferon-stimulated gene. To date, research on IFI6 has mainly focused on human malignant tumors, virus-related diseases and autoimmune diseases. Previous studies have shown that IFI6 plays an important role in antiviral, antiapoptotic and tumor-promoting cellular functions, but few studies have focused on the structure or function of avian IFI6. Avian reovirus (ARV) is an important virus that can exert immunosuppressive effects on poultry. Preliminary studies have shown that IFI6 expression is upregulated in various tissues and organs of specific-pathogen-free chickens infected with ARV, suggesting that IFI6 plays an important role in ARV infection. To analyze the function of avian IFI6, particularly in ARV infection, the chicken IFI6 gene was cloned, a bioinformatics analysis was conducted, and the roles of IFI6 in ARV replication and the innate immune response were investigated after the overexpression or knockdown of IFI6 in vitro. The results indicated that the molecular weight of the chicken IFI6 protein was approximately 11 kDa and that its structure was similar to that of the human IFI27L1 protein. A phylogenetic tree analysis of the IFI6 amino acid sequence revealed that the evolution of mammals and birds was clearly divided into two branches. The evolutionary history and homology of chickens are similar to those of other birds. Avian IFI6 localized to the cytoplasm and was abundantly expressed in the chicken lung, intestine, pancreas, liver, spleen, glandular stomach, thymus, bursa of Fabricius and trachea. Further studies demonstrated that IFI6 overexpression in DF-1 cells inhibited ARV replication and that the inhibition of IFI6 expression promoted ARV replication. After ARV infection, IFI6 modulated the expression of various innate immunity-related factors. Notably, the expression patterns of MAVS and IFI6 were similar, and the expression patterns of IRF1 and IFN-β were opposite to those of IFI6. The results of this study further advance the research on avian IFI6 and provide a theoretical basis for further research on the role of IFI6 in avian virus infection and innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Wan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of China (Guangxi)-ASEAN Cross-Border Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of China (Guangxi)-ASEAN Cross-Border Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhixun Xie
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of China (Guangxi)-ASEAN Cross-Border Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Hongyu Ren
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of China (Guangxi)-ASEAN Cross-Border Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Liji Xie
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of China (Guangxi)-ASEAN Cross-Border Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Sisi Luo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of China (Guangxi)-ASEAN Cross-Border Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Meng Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of China (Guangxi)-ASEAN Cross-Border Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhiqin Xie
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of China (Guangxi)-ASEAN Cross-Border Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Qing Fan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of China (Guangxi)-ASEAN Cross-Border Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Tingting Zeng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of China (Guangxi)-ASEAN Cross-Border Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yanfang Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of China (Guangxi)-ASEAN Cross-Border Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Minxiu Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of China (Guangxi)-ASEAN Cross-Border Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jiaoling Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of China (Guangxi)-ASEAN Cross-Border Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - You Wei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of China (Guangxi)-ASEAN Cross-Border Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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Selective Transcription Factor Blockade Reduces Human Retinal Endothelial Cell Expression of Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 and Leukocyte Binding. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043304. [PMID: 36834715 PMCID: PMC9967456 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The interaction between leukocytes and cytokine-activated retinal endothelium is an initiating step in non-infectious uveitis involving the posterior eye, mediated by cell adhesion molecules. However, because cell adhesion molecules are required for immune surveillance, therapeutic interventions would ideally be employed indirectly. Using 28 primary human retinal endothelial cell isolates, this study sought to identify transcription factor targets for reducing levels of the key retinal endothelial cell adhesion molecule, intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, and limiting leukocyte binding to the retinal endothelium. Five candidate transcription factors-C2CD4B, EGR3, FOSB, IRF1, and JUNB-were identified by differential expression analysis of a transcriptome generated from IL-1β- or TNF-α-stimulated human retinal endothelial cells, interpreted in the context of the published literature. Further filtering involved molecular studies: of the five candidates, C2CD4B and IRF1 consistently demonstrated extended induction in IL-1β- or TNF-α-activated retinal endothelial cells and demonstrated a significant decrease in both ICAM-1 transcript and ICAM-1 membrane-bound protein expression by cytokine-activated retinal endothelial cells following treatment with small interfering RNA. RNA interference of C2CD4B or IRF1 significantly reduced leukocyte binding in a majority of human retinal endothelial cell isolates stimulated by IL-1β or TNF-α. Our observations suggest that the transcription factors C2CD4B and IRF1 may be potential drug targets for limiting leukocyte-retinal endothelial cell interactions in non-infectious uveitis involving the posterior eye.
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Patricio DDO, Dias GBM, Granella LW, Trigg B, Teague HC, Bittencourt D, Báfica A, Zanotto-Filho A, Ferguson B, Mansur DS. DNA-PKcs restricts Zika virus spreading and is required for effective antiviral response. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1042463. [PMID: 36311766 PMCID: PMC9606669 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1042463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a single-strand RNA mosquito-borne flavivirus with significant public health impact. ZIKV infection induces double-strand DNA breaks (DSBs) in human neural progenitor cells that may contribute to severe neuronal manifestations in newborns. The DNA-PK complex plays a critical role in repairing DSBs and in the innate immune response to infection. It is unknown, however, whether DNA-PK regulates ZIKV infection. Here we investigated the role of DNA-PKcs, the catalytic subunit of DNA-PK, during ZIKV infection. We demonstrate that DNA-PKcs restricts the spread of ZIKV infection in human epithelial cells. Increased ZIKV replication and spread in DNA-PKcs deficient cells is related to a notable decrease in transcription of type I and III interferons as well as IFIT1, IFIT2, and IL6. This was shown to be independent of IRF1, IRF3, or p65, canonical transcription factors necessary for activation of both type I and III interferon promoters. The mechanism of DNA-PKcs to restrict ZIKV infection is independent of DSB. Thus, these data suggest a non-canonical role for DNA-PK during Zika virus infection, acting downstream of IFNs transcription factors for an efficient antiviral immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel de Oliveira Patricio
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Greicy Brisa Malaquias Dias
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Lucilene Wildner Granella
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Ben Trigg
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Dina Bittencourt
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - André Báfica
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Alfeu Zanotto-Filho
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Bioquímica do Câncer, Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Brian Ferguson
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Santos Mansur
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
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5
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Jiao Y, Xu J, Song B, Wu A, Pan L, Xu Y, Geng F, Li X, Zhao C, Hong M, Meng X, Luo J, Liu P, Li M, Zhu W, Cao J, Zhang S. Interferon regulatory factor 1‐triggered free ubiquitin protects the intestines against radiation‐induced injury via CXCR4/FGF2 signaling. MedComm (Beijing) 2022; 3:e168. [PMID: 36051984 PMCID: PMC9416916 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation‐induced intestinal injury is a serious concern during abdominal and pelvic cancers radiotherapy. Ubiquitin (Ub) is a highly conserved protein found in all eukaryotic cells. This study aims to explore the role and mechanism of free Ub against radiogenic intestinal injury. We found that free Ub levels of irradiated animals and human patients receiving radiotherapy were upregulated. Radiation‐induced Ub expression was associated with the activation of interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF1). Intraperitoneal injection of free Ub significantly reduced the mortality of mice following 5–9 Gy total body irradiation (TBI) through the Akt pathway. Free Ub facilitates small intestinal regeneration induced by TBI or abdominal irradiation. At the cellular level, free Ub or its mutants significantly alleviated cell death and enhanced the survival of irradiated intestinal epithelial cells. The radioprotective role of free Ub depends on its receptor CXCR4. Mechanistically, free Ub increased fibroblast growth factor‐2 (FGF2) secretion and consequently activated FGFR1 signaling following radiation in vivo and in vivo. Thus, free Ub confers protection against radiation‐induced intestinal injury through CXCR4/Akt/FGF2 axis, which provides a novel therapeutic option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Jiao
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection Medical College of Soochow University Suzhou China
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection and Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions Soochow University Suzhou China
| | - Jing Xu
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection Medical College of Soochow University Suzhou China
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection and Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions Soochow University Suzhou China
| | - Bin Song
- Laboratory of Radiation Medicine West China Second University Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Ailing Wu
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital Chengdu China
| | - Lu Pan
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection Medical College of Soochow University Suzhou China
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection and Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions Soochow University Suzhou China
| | - Ying Xu
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection Medical College of Soochow University Suzhou China
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection and Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions Soochow University Suzhou China
| | - Fenghao Geng
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital Chengdu China
| | - Xiaoqian Li
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Congzhao Zhao
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection Medical College of Soochow University Suzhou China
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection and Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions Soochow University Suzhou China
| | - Min Hong
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection Medical College of Soochow University Suzhou China
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection and Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions Soochow University Suzhou China
| | - Xuanyu Meng
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection Medical College of Soochow University Suzhou China
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection and Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions Soochow University Suzhou China
| | - Judong Luo
- Department of Oncology The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Changzhou China
| | - Pengfei Liu
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection Medical College of Soochow University Suzhou China
| | - Ming Li
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection Medical College of Soochow University Suzhou China
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection and Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions Soochow University Suzhou China
| | - Wei Zhu
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection Medical College of Soochow University Suzhou China
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection and Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions Soochow University Suzhou China
| | - Jianping Cao
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection Medical College of Soochow University Suzhou China
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection and Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions Soochow University Suzhou China
| | - Shuyu Zhang
- Laboratory of Radiation Medicine West China Second University Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital Chengdu China
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine Sichuan University Chengdu China
- Department of Oncology The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Changzhou China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation, Mianyang Central Hospital Mianyang China
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6
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Avian IRF1 and IRF7 Play Overlapping and Distinct Roles in Regulating IFN-Dependent and -Independent Antiviral Responses to Duck Tembusu Virus Infection. Viruses 2022; 14:v14071506. [PMID: 35891486 PMCID: PMC9315619 DOI: 10.3390/v14071506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Avian interferon regulatory factors 1 and 7 (IRF1 and IRF7) play important roles in the host’s innate immunity against viral infection. Our previous study revealed that duck tembusu virus (DTMUV) infection of chicken fibroblasts (DF1) and duck embryo fibroblasts (DEFs) induced the expression of a variety of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs), including VIPERIN, IFIT5, CMPK2, IRF1, and IRF7. IRF1 was further shown to play a significant role in regulating the up-expression of VIPERIN, IFIT5, and CMPK2 and inhibiting DTMUV replication. In this study, we confirm, through overexpression and knockout approaches, that both IRF1 and IRF7 inhibit DTMUV replication, mainly via regulation of type I IFN expression, as well as the induction of IRF1, VIPERIN, IFIT5, CMPK2, and MX1. In addition, IRF1 directly promoted the expression of VIPERIN and CMPK2 in an IFN-independent manner when IRF7 and type I IFN signaling were undermined. We also found that non-structural protein 2B (NS2B) of DTMUV was able to inhibit the induction of IFN-β mRNA triggered by Newcastle disease virus (NDV) infection or poly(I:C) treatment, revealing a strategy employed by DTMUV to evade host’s immunosurveillance. This study demonstrates that avian IRF7 and IRF1 play distinct roles in the regulation of type I IFN response during DTMUV infection.
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Barriocanal M, Prats-Mari L, Razquin N, Prior C, Unfried JP, Fortes P. ISR8/IRF1-AS1 Is Relevant for IFNα and NF-κB Responses. Front Immunol 2022; 13:829335. [PMID: 35860270 PMCID: PMC9289242 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.829335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of the interferon (IFN) α-induced cell transcriptome has shown altered expression of several long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). ISR8/IRF1-AS1 (IFN stimulated RNA 8), located close to IFN regulatory factor 1 (IRF1) coding gene, transcribes a lncRNA induced at early times after IFNα treatment or IRF1 or NF-κB activation. Depletion or overexpression of ISR8 RNA does not lead to detected deregulation of the IFN response. Surprisingly, disruption of ISR8 locus with CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing results in cells that fail to induce several key ISGs and pro-inflammatory cytokines after a trigger with IFNα or overexpression of IRF1 or the NF-κB subunit RELA. This suggests that the ISR8 locus may play a relevant role in IFNα and NF-κB pathways. Interestingly, IFNα, IRFs and NF-κB-responding luciferase reporters are normally induced in ISR8-disrupted cells when expressed from a plasmid but not when integrated into the genome. Therefore, IFNα and NF-κB pathways are functional to induce the expression of exogenous episomic transcripts but fail to activate transcription from genomic promoters. Transcription from these promoters is not restored with silencing inhibitors, by decreasing the levels of several negative regulators or by overexpression of inducers. Transcriptome analyses indicate that ISR8-disrupted cells have a drastic increase in the levels of negative regulators such as XIST and Zinc finger proteins. Our results agree with ISR8 loci being an enhancer region that is fundamental for proper antiviral and proinflammatory responses. These results are relevant because several SNPs located in the ISR8 region are associated with chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases including Crohn’s disease, inflammatory bowel disease, ulcerative colitis or asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Barriocanal
- Department of Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra (UNAV), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Laura Prats-Mari
- Department of Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra (UNAV), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Nerea Razquin
- Department of Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra (UNAV), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Celia Prior
- Department of Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra (UNAV), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Juan Pablo Unfried
- Department of Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra (UNAV), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Puri Fortes
- Department of Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra (UNAV), Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Liver and Digestive Diseases Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain
- Spanish Network for Advanced Therapies (TERAV ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Puri Fortes,
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8
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Liu Y, Huang W, Dai K, Liu N, Wang J, Lu X, Ma J, Zhang M, Xu M, Long X, Liu J, Kou Y. Inflammatory response of gut, spleen, and liver in mice induced by orally administered Porphyromonas gingivalis. J Oral Microbiol 2022; 14:2088936. [PMID: 35756539 PMCID: PMC9225697 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2022.2088936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Periodontitis is a chronic multifactorial inflammatory disease. Porphyromonas gingivalis is a primary periopathogen in the initiation and development of periodontal disease. Evidence has shown that P. gingivalis is associated with systemic diseases, including IBD and fatty liver disease. Inflammatory response is a key feature of diseases related to this species. Methods C57BL/6 mice were administered either PBS, or P. gingivalis. After 9 weeks, the inflammatory response in gut, spleen, and liver was analyzed. Results The findings revealed significant disturbance of the intestinal microbiota and increased inflammatory factors in the gut of P. gingivalis-administered mice. Administrated P. gingivalis remarkably promoted the secretion of IRF-1 and activated the inflammatory pathway IFN-γ/STAT1 in the spleen. Histologically, mice treated with P. gingivalis exhibited hepatocyte damage and lipid deposition. The inflammatory factors IL-17a, IL-6, and ROR-γt were also upregulated in the liver of mice fed with P. gingivalis. Lee’s index, spleen index, and liver index were also increased. Conclusion These results suggest that administrated P. gingivalis evokes inflammation in gut, spleen, and liver, which might promote the progression of various systemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingman Liu
- Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Wenkai Huang
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Ke Dai
- Department of Stomatology, Lishui University School of Medicine, Lishui, Zhejing, China
| | - Ni Liu
- Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaoying Lu
- Department of Oral Biology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jiaojiao Ma
- Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Manman Zhang
- Department of Oral Biology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Mengqi Xu
- Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xu Long
- Department of Oral Biology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Science Experiment Center, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yurong Kou
- Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.,Department of Oral Biology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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9
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Arango D, Sturgill D, Yang R, Kanai T, Bauer P, Roy J, Wang Z, Hosogane M, Schiffers S, Oberdoerffer S. Direct epitranscriptomic regulation of mammalian translation initiation through N4-acetylcytidine. Mol Cell 2022; 82:2797-2814.e11. [PMID: 35679869 PMCID: PMC9361928 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2022.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
mRNA function is influenced by modifications that modulate canonical nucleobase behavior. We show that a single modification mediates distinct impacts on mRNA translation in a position-dependent manner. Although cytidine acetylation (ac4C) within protein-coding sequences stimulates translation, ac4C within 5' UTRs impacts protein synthesis at the level of initiation. 5' UTR acetylation promotes initiation at upstream sequences, competitively inhibiting annotated start codons. Acetylation further directly impedes initiation at optimal AUG contexts: ac4C within AUG-flanking Kozak sequences reduced initiation in base-resolved transcriptome-wide HeLa results and in vitro utilizing substrates with site-specific ac4C incorporation. Cryo-EM of mammalian 80S initiation complexes revealed that ac4C in the -1 position adjacent to an AUG start codon disrupts an interaction between C and hypermodified t6A at nucleotide 37 of the initiator tRNA. These findings demonstrate the impact of RNA modifications on nucleobase function at a molecular level and introduce mRNA acetylation as a factor regulating translation in a location-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Arango
- Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - David Sturgill
- Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Renbin Yang
- Center for Molecular Microscopy, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Frederick, MD 21701, USA
| | - Tapan Kanai
- Center for Molecular Microscopy, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Frederick, MD 21701, USA
| | - Paulina Bauer
- Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jyoti Roy
- Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ziqiu Wang
- Center for Molecular Microscopy, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Frederick, MD 21701, USA
| | - Masaki Hosogane
- Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sarah Schiffers
- Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Shalini Oberdoerffer
- Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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10
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Lin Z, Wang J, Zhang N, Yi J, Wang Z, Ma J, Wang H, Yan Y, Qian K, Sun J, Cheng Y. Functional characterization of goose IRF1 in IFN induction and anti-NDV infection. Vet Res 2022; 53:29. [PMID: 35379320 PMCID: PMC8981851 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-022-01046-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) play a key role in many aspects of immune response, and IRF1, IRF3, and IRF7 are positive regulators of IFN induction in mammals. However, IRF3, as the most critical regulatory factor in mammals, is naturally absent in birds, which attracts us to study the functions of other members of the avian IRF family. In the present study, we cloned goose IRF1 (GoIRF1) and conducted a series of bioinformatics analyses to compare the protein homology of GoIRF1 with that of IRF1 in other species. The overexpression of GoIRF1 in DF-1 cells induced the activation of IFN-β, and this activation is independent of the dosage of the transfected GoIRF1 plasmids. The overexpression of GoIRF1 in goose embryonic fibroblasts (GEFs) induced the expression of IFNs, proinflammatory cytokines, and IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs); it also inhibited the replication of green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged Newcastle disease virus (NDV) (NDV-GFP) and GFP-tagged vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) (VSV-GFP). Our results suggest that GoIRF1 is an important regulator of IFNs, proinflammatory cytokines, and ISGs and plays a role in antiviral innate immunity in geese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Lin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Agriculture Ministry Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Agriculture Ministry Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Nian Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Agriculture Ministry Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jianshu Yi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Agriculture Ministry Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zhaofei Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Agriculture Ministry Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jingjiao Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Agriculture Ministry Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Hengan Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Agriculture Ministry Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yaxian Yan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Agriculture Ministry Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Kun Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, No.48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China.,Ministry of Education Key Lab for Avian Preventive Medicine, Yangzhou University, No.48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianhe Sun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Agriculture Ministry Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Yuqiang Cheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Agriculture Ministry Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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11
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Yang M, Li J, Deng S, Fan H, Peng Y, Ye G, Wang J, Wei J, Jiang X, Xu Z, Qing L, Wang F, Yang Y, Liu Y. Competitive Endogenous RNA Network Activates Host Immune Response in SARS-CoV-2-, panH1N1 (A/California/07/2009)-, and H7N9 (A/Shanghai/1/2013)-Infected Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030487. [PMID: 35159296 PMCID: PMC8834034 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The global outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is still ongoing, as is research on the molecular mechanisms underlying cellular infection by coronaviruses, with the hope of developing therapeutic agents against this pandemic. Other important respiratory viruses such as 2009 pandemic H1N1 and H7N9 avian influenza virus (AIV), influenza A viruses, are also responsible for a possible outbreak due to their respiratory susceptibility. However, the interaction of these viruses with host cells and the regulation of post-transcriptional genes remains unclear. In this study, we detected and analyzed the comparative transcriptome profiling of SARS-CoV-2, panH1N1 (A/California/07/2009), and H7N9 (A/Shanghai/1/2013) infected cells. The results showed that the commonly upregulated genes among the three groups were mainly involved in autophagy, pertussis, and tuberculosis, which indicated that autophagy plays an important role in viral pathogenicity. There are three groups of commonly downregulated genes involved in metabolic pathways. Notably, unlike panH1N1 and H7N9, SARS-CoV-2 infection can inhibit the m-TOR pathway and activate the p53 signaling pathway, which may be responsible for unique autophagy induction and cell apoptosis. Particularly, upregulated expression of IRF1 was found in SARS-CoV-2, panH1N1, and H7N9 infection. Further analysis showed SARS-CoV-2, panH1N1, and H7N9 infection-induced upregulation of lncRNA-34087.27 could serve as a competitive endogenous RNA to stabilize IRF1 mRNA by competitively binding with miR-302b-3p. This study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms of influenza A virus and SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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MESH Headings
- A549 Cells
- Animals
- COVID-19/genetics
- COVID-19/immunology
- COVID-19/virology
- HEK293 Cells
- Host-Pathogen Interactions/immunology
- Humans
- Immunity/genetics
- Immunity/immunology
- Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/immunology
- Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/physiology
- Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype/immunology
- Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype/physiology
- Influenza, Human/genetics
- Influenza, Human/immunology
- Influenza, Human/virology
- Interferon Regulatory Factor-1/genetics
- Interferon Regulatory Factor-1/immunology
- Interferon Regulatory Factor-1/metabolism
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/immunology
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Pandemics/prevention & control
- RNA/genetics
- RNA/immunology
- RNA/metabolism
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- RNA, Long Noncoding/immunology
- RNA, Long Noncoding/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/immunology
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- RNA-Seq/methods
- SARS-CoV-2/physiology
- Signal Transduction/genetics
- Signal Transduction/immunology
- Transcriptome/genetics
- Transcriptome/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Yang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, State Key Discipline of Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital, Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518112, China; (M.Y.); (Y.P.); (G.Y.); (J.W.); (J.W.); (X.J.); (Z.X.); (L.Q.); (F.W.)
| | - Jin Li
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518406, China;
| | - Shoulong Deng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China;
| | - Hao Fan
- Section of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA;
| | - Yun Peng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, State Key Discipline of Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital, Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518112, China; (M.Y.); (Y.P.); (G.Y.); (J.W.); (J.W.); (X.J.); (Z.X.); (L.Q.); (F.W.)
| | - Guoguo Ye
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, State Key Discipline of Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital, Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518112, China; (M.Y.); (Y.P.); (G.Y.); (J.W.); (J.W.); (X.J.); (Z.X.); (L.Q.); (F.W.)
| | - Jun Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, State Key Discipline of Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital, Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518112, China; (M.Y.); (Y.P.); (G.Y.); (J.W.); (J.W.); (X.J.); (Z.X.); (L.Q.); (F.W.)
| | - Jinli Wei
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, State Key Discipline of Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital, Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518112, China; (M.Y.); (Y.P.); (G.Y.); (J.W.); (J.W.); (X.J.); (Z.X.); (L.Q.); (F.W.)
| | - Xiao Jiang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, State Key Discipline of Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital, Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518112, China; (M.Y.); (Y.P.); (G.Y.); (J.W.); (J.W.); (X.J.); (Z.X.); (L.Q.); (F.W.)
| | - Zhixiang Xu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, State Key Discipline of Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital, Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518112, China; (M.Y.); (Y.P.); (G.Y.); (J.W.); (J.W.); (X.J.); (Z.X.); (L.Q.); (F.W.)
| | - Ling Qing
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, State Key Discipline of Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital, Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518112, China; (M.Y.); (Y.P.); (G.Y.); (J.W.); (J.W.); (X.J.); (Z.X.); (L.Q.); (F.W.)
| | - Fuxiang Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, State Key Discipline of Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital, Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518112, China; (M.Y.); (Y.P.); (G.Y.); (J.W.); (J.W.); (X.J.); (Z.X.); (L.Q.); (F.W.)
| | - Yang Yang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, State Key Discipline of Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital, Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518112, China; (M.Y.); (Y.P.); (G.Y.); (J.W.); (J.W.); (X.J.); (Z.X.); (L.Q.); (F.W.)
- Correspondence: (Y.Y.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yingxia Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, State Key Discipline of Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital, Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518112, China; (M.Y.); (Y.P.); (G.Y.); (J.W.); (J.W.); (X.J.); (Z.X.); (L.Q.); (F.W.)
- Correspondence: (Y.Y.); (Y.L.)
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12
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Jiang W, Chen G, Pu J. The transcription factor interferon regulatory factor-1 is an endogenous mediator of myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury. Cell Biol Int 2022; 46:63-72. [PMID: 34658101 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia reperfusion (MIR) injury negatively affects the prognosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), while effective suppression of MIR injury remains a largely unmet clinical need. Interferon regulatory factors (IRF) are key players in chronic cardiac disorders such as cardiac remodeling. However, their roles in acute MIR injury remain largely unknown. In the current study, microarray data indicated that IRF1 expression was consistently changed in the human ischemic heart and ischemic reperfused mouse heart. Western blot analysis confirmed the expression alterations of IRF1 in ischemic reperfused mouse heart. Cardiac-specific IRF1 knockdown significantly decreased infarct size, improved cardiac function, and suppressed myocardial apoptosis after MIR injury. Conversely, cardiac-specific IRF1 overexpression significantly promoted MIR injury. Further investigation revealed that IRF1 transcriptionally regulated the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and augmented oxidative stress. Taken together, we presented the first direct evidence that IRF1 served as a mediator of MIR injury, and IRF1 may represent a potential therapeutic target for alleviating MIR injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Division of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoxiong Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Zhoushan Hospital, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Pu
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Division of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
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13
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Hannes S, Karlowitz R, van Wijk SJL. The Smac mimetic BV6 cooperates with STING to induce necroptosis in apoptosis-resistant pancreatic carcinoma cells. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:816. [PMID: 34462421 PMCID: PMC8405653 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04014-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) still remains a major cause of cancer-related death worldwide and alternative treatments are urgently required. A common problem of PC is the development of resistance against apoptosis that limits therapeutic success. Here we demonstrate that the prototypical Smac mimetic BV6 cooperates with the stimulator of interferon (IFN) genes (STING) ligand 2',3'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate (2'3'-cGAMP) to trigger necroptosis in apoptosis-deficient PC cells. Pharmacological inhibition of key components of necroptosis signaling, such as receptor-interacting protein 1 (RIPK1), RIPK3, and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL), significantly rescues PC cells from 2'3'-cGAMP/BV6/zVAD.fmk-mediated cell death, suggesting the induction of necroptosis. Consistently, 2'3'-cGAMP/BV6 co-treatment promotes phosphorylation of MLKL. Furthermore, we show that 2'3'-cGAMP stimulates the production of type I IFNs, which cooperate with BV6 to trigger necroptosis in apoptosis-deficient settings. STING silencing via siRNA or CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene knockout protects PC cells from 2'3'-cGAMP/BV6/zVAD.fmk-mediated cell death. Interestingly, we demonstrate that nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), and IFN-regulatory factor 1 (IRF1) signaling are involved in triggering 2'3'-cGAMP/BV6/zVAD.fmk-induced necroptosis. In conclusion, we show that activated STING and BV6 act together to exert antitumor effects on PC cells with important implications for the design of new PC treatment concepts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Hannes
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe-University, Komturstrasse 3a, 60528, Frankfurt, Germany
- General and Visceral Surgery, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Rebekka Karlowitz
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe-University, Komturstrasse 3a, 60528, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sjoerd J L van Wijk
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe-University, Komturstrasse 3a, 60528, Frankfurt, Germany.
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14
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Hashiesh HM, Sharma C, Goyal SN, Sadek B, Jha NK, Kaabi JA, Ojha S. A focused review on CB2 receptor-selective pharmacological properties and therapeutic potential of β-caryophyllene, a dietary cannabinoid. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 140:111639. [PMID: 34091179 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The endocannabinoid system (ECS), a conserved physiological system emerged as a novel pharmacological target for its significant role and potential therapeutic benefits ranging from neurological diseases to cancer. Among both, CB1 and CB2R types, CB2R have received attention for its pharmacological effects as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and antiapoptotic that can be achieved without causing psychotropic adverse effects through CB1R. The ligands activate CB2R are of endogenous, synthetic and plant origin. In recent years, β-caryophyllene (BCP), a natural bicyclic sesquiterpene in cannabis as well as non-cannabis plants, has received attention due to its selective agonist property on CB2R. BCP has been well studied in a variety of pathological conditions mediating CB2R selective agonist property. The focus of the present manuscript is to represent the CB2R selective agonist mediated pharmacological mechanisms and therapeutic potential of BCP. The present narrative review summarizes insights into the CB2R-selective pharmacological properties and therapeutic potential of BCP such as cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, nephroprotective, gastroprotective, chemopreventive, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulator. The available evidences suggest that BCP, can be an important candidate of plant origin endowed with CB2R selective properties that may provide a pharmacological rationale for its pharmacotherapeutic application and pharmaceutical development like a drug. Additionally, given the wide availability in edible plants and dietary use, with safety, and no toxicity, BCP can be promoted as a nutraceutical and functional food for general health and well-being. Further, studies are needed to explore pharmacological and pharmaceutical opportunities for therapeutic and preventive applications of use of BCP in human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hebaallah Mamdouh Hashiesh
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Charu Sharma
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sameer N Goyal
- Shri Vile Parle Kelvani Mandal's Institute of Pharmacy, Dhule 424001, Maharashtra, India
| | - Bassem Sadek
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201310, India
| | - Juma Al Kaabi
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shreesh Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; Zayed Bin Sultan Al Nahyan Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
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15
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Zhang J, Wei J, Yu H, Dong B. Genome-Wide Identification, Comparison, and Expression Analysis of Transcription Factors in Ascidian Styela clava. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4317. [PMID: 33919240 PMCID: PMC8122590 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Tunicates include diverse species, as they are model animals for evolutionary developmental biology study. The embryonic development of tunicates is known to be extensively regulated by transcription factors (TFs). Styela clava, the globally distributed invasive tunicate, exhibits a strong capacity for environmental adaptation. However, the TFs were not systematically identified and analyzed. In this study, we reported 553 TFs categorized into 60 families from S. clava, based on the whole genome data. Comparison of TFs analysis among the tunicate species revealed that the gene number in the zinc finger superfamily displayed the most significant discrepancy, indicating this family was under the highly evolutionary selection and might be related to species differentiation and environmental adaptation. The greatest number of TFs was discovered in the Cys2His2-type zinc finger protein (zf-C2H2) family in S. clava. From the point of temporal view, more than half the TFs were expressed at the early embryonic stage. The expression correlation analysis revealed the existence of a transition for TFs expression from early embryogenesis to the later larval development in S. clava. Eight Hox genes were identified to be located on one chromosome, exhibiting different arrangement and expression patterns, compared to Ciona robusta (C. intestinalis type A). In addition, a total of 23 forkhead box (fox) genes were identified in S. clava, and their expression profiles referred to their potential roles in neurodevelopment and sensory organ development. Our data, thus, provides crucial clues to the potential functions of TFs in development and environmental adaptation in the leathery sea squirt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- Sars-Fang Centre, MoE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (J.Z.); (J.W.)
| | - Jiankai Wei
- Sars-Fang Centre, MoE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (J.Z.); (J.W.)
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
- Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Haiyan Yu
- Sars-Fang Centre, MoE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (J.Z.); (J.W.)
| | - Bo Dong
- Sars-Fang Centre, MoE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (J.Z.); (J.W.)
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
- Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
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16
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Zhang MQ, Zhao Q, Zhang JP. A new transcription factor ATG10S activates IFNL2 transcription by binding at an IRF1 site in HepG2 cells. Autophagy 2020; 16:2167-2179. [PMID: 31996071 PMCID: PMC7751675 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2020.1719681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
IFNL2 is a potent antiviral interferon, but the regulation of its gene expression is not fully clear. Here, we report the regulation of ATG10S for IFNL2 transcription. Through sequential deletion of the IFNL2 promoter sequence, we found LP1-1, a fragment of the promoter responding to ATG10S activity. Subcellular localization and DNA immunoprecipitation assays showed ATG10S translocating into the nucleus and binding to LP1-1. Online prediction for transcription factor binding sites showed an IRF1 targeting locus in LP1-1. Luciferase assays, RT-PCR, and western blot analysis revealed a core motif (CAAGAC) existing in LP1-1, which determined ATG10S and IRF1 activity; individual nucleotide substitution showed that the functional nucleotides of ATG10S targeting were C1, A3, and C6, and the ones associated with IRF1 were A3 and G4 within the core motif. Co-immunoprecipitation assays revealed ATG10S combination with KPNA1/importin α, KPNB1/importin β, and IRF1. The knockdown of endogenous IRF1 increased ATG10S activity on IFNL2 transcription. These results indicate that ATG10S as a transcription factor competes with IRF1 for the same binding site to promote IFNL2 gene transcription. Abbreviations: ATG10: autophagy related 10; ATG10S: the shorter isoform of autophagy related 10; BD: binding domain; CM: core motif; co-IP: co-immunoprecipitation; GFP: green fluorescent protein; HCV: hepatitis C virus; IF: immunofluorescence; IFN: interferon; IRF: interferon regulatory factor; LP: lambda promoter; MAP1LC3B/LC3B: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta; RLU: relative light unit; SQSTM1: sequestosome 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao-Qing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, the National Health Commission (NHC), Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Postdoctoral Scientific Research Workstation, China Resources Sanjiu Medical & Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
- Postdoctoral Mobile Research Station, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, the National Health Commission (NHC), Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Pu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, the National Health Commission (NHC), Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Yu Y, Cheng L, Xu Z, Zhang Y, Ou C, Wang Q, Gao P, Ma J. Tissue distribution and developmental changes of interferon regulatory factors in chickens and effects of infectious bursal disease virus infection. Microb Pathog 2020; 152:104601. [PMID: 33137404 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) are a family of transcription factors that play a role in a variety of biological processes including immune regulation of interferon and expression of inflammatory cytokines. However, the data on IRFs are rather limited in chickens. In the present study, qRT-PCR was used to study the tissue distribution of IRFs in chickens at D15 (the 15th day of raising) and developmental changes of all chIRFs (Chicken interferon regulatory factors) in BF from E15 (the 15th day of incubation) to D15. The effects of IBDV infection with chickens on the transcriptional level of chIRFs were also investigated. The results showed: (1) chIRF1 mRNA was expressed much more abundantly in intestinal tract, chIRF2, chIRF6, chIRF7, chIRF8 and chIRF10 distributed mainly in liver or/and kidney. The expression of chIRF5 was mainly in spleen and chIRF4 distributed uniquely abundantly in BF. (2) The mRNA expression levels of chIRF5, chIRF7, chIRF8 and chIRF10 was low before hatching of chicken and at D1 and increased significantly from D5 till to the experiment end and the fold change of chIRF5 at D10 and chIRF7 at D5 reached 41.0-fold and 15.7-fold compared to that of E15, respectively (P < 0.05). ChIRF4 mRNA level was always high during the whole experiment except for E15 and it was 11.9-fold at the highest time point than that of E15 (the lowest time point). (3) When chicken was infected with IBDV, the expression levels of chIRF2, chIRF7 and chIRF10 mRNA had the tendency of increasing first and then decreasing but they peaked at 1dpi, 2 dpi, and 3dpi, respectively. The expression of chIRF5 mRNA was suppressed obviously during the whole experiment stage in IBDV-infected chicken. And chIRF4 expression was up-regulated transitorily at 1dpi and then was suppressed on a very low level till to the experiment end. Conclusion: The chIRFs were constitutively expressed in different tissues examined and has tissue-specific expression. Of them, chIRF2, chIRF4, chIRF5, chIRF7, chIRF8 and chIRF10 were related closely with the development or immune response of BF, and when chicken was infected with IBDV, some of them were activated, earlier or later on, some of them were suppressed. These findings would help to sieve out a few antiviral chIRF candidate gene to improve the host's innate immune and provide a foundation of the further exploiting a new vaccine adjuvant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Lingling Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Zhiyong Xu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Yanhong Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Changbo Ou
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Qiuxia Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Pei Gao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Jinyou Ma
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China.
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IRF1 Promotes the Innate Immune Response to Viral Infection by Enhancing the Activation of IRF3. J Virol 2020; 94:JVI.01231-20. [PMID: 32878885 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01231-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate immunity is an essential way for host cells to resist viral infection through the production of interferons (IFNs) and proinflammatory cytokines. Interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) plays a critical role in the innate immune response to viral infection. However, the role of IRF1 in innate immunity remains largely unknown. In this study, we found that IRF1 is upregulated through the IFN/JAK/STAT signaling pathway upon viral infection. The silencing of IRF1 attenuates the innate immune response to viral infection. IRF1 interacts with IRF3 and augments the activation of IRF3 by blocking the interaction between IRF3 and protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A). The DNA binding domain (DBD) of IRF1 is the key functional domain for its interaction with IRF3. Overall, our study reveals a novel mechanism by which IRF1 promotes the innate immune response to viral infection by enhancing the activation of IRF3, thereby inhibiting viral infection.IMPORTANCE The activation of innate immunity is essential for host cells to restrict the spread of invading viruses and other pathogens. IRF3 plays a critical role in the innate immune response to RNA viral infection. However, whether IRF1 plays a role in innate immunity is unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that IRF1 promotes the innate immune response to viral infection. IRF1 is induced by viral infection. Notably, IRF1 targets and augments the phosphorylation of IRF3 by blocking the interaction between IRF3 and PP2A, leading to the upregulation of innate immunity. Collectively, the results of our study provide new insight into the regulatory mechanism of IFN signaling and uncover the role of IRF1 in the positive regulation of the innate immune response to viral infection.
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Remoli AL, Sgarbanti M, Perrotti E, Acchioni M, Orsatti R, Acchioni C, Battistini A, Clarke R, Marsili G. IκB kinase-ε-mediated phosphorylation triggers IRF-1 degradation in breast cancer cells. Neoplasia 2020; 22:459-469. [PMID: 32784074 PMCID: PMC7419274 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2020.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Interferon Regulatory Factors (IRFs) are key regulators of immunity, cell survival and apoptosis. IRF transcriptional activity and subcellular localization are tightly regulated by posttranscriptional modifications including phosphorylation. The IκB kinase family member IKK-ε is essential in regulating antiviral innate immunity mediated by IRFs but is now also recognized as an oncoprotein amplified and overexpressed in breast cancer cell lines and patient-derived tumors. In the present study, we report that the tumor suppressor IRF-1 is a specific target of IKK-ε in breast cancer cells. IKK-ε-mediated phosphorylation of IRF-1 dramatically decreases IRF-1 protein stability, accelerating IRF-1 degradation and quenching IRF-1 transcriptional activity. Chemical inhibition of IKK-ε activity, fully restores IRF-1 levels and function and positively correlates with inhibition of cell growth and proliferation of breast cancer cells. By using a breast cancer cell line stably expressing a dominant negative version of IRF-1 we were able to demonstrate that IKK-ε preferentially exerts its oncogenic potential in breast cancer through the regulation of IRF-1 and point to the IKK-ε-mediated phosphorylation of IRF-1 as a therapeutic target to overcome IKK-ε-mediated tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Lisa Remoli
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Sgarbanti
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Edvige Perrotti
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Acchioni
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Orsatti
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Acchioni
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Battistini
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Robert Clarke
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, United States; Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota, United States
| | - Giulia Marsili
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
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20
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Restriction of exogenous DNA expression by SAMHD1. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2020; 65:573-586. [PMID: 36659189 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2019.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
SAMHD1 (Sterile Alpha Motif and Histidine-aspartate Domain containing protein 1) has been documented as a host factor that restricts HIV-1 and some DNA viruses. In this work, we attempted to explore possible effects of SAMHD1 on exogenous DNA and show that SAMHD1 exerts a general inhibition on the expression of exogenous DNA in vitro and in mice. This inhibition is achieved through repressing transcription of exogenous DNA. Intriguingly, unlike SAMHD1's restriction of HIV-1, such restriction does not require the dNTPase or RNase activities, or T592 phosphorylation of SAMHD1. Mechanistically, SAMHD1 enhances the expression of interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF1), while IRF1 upregulation was demonstrated to inhibit exogenous DNA expression in a similar fashion as SAMHD1. IFNλ1, whose induction has been associated with IRF1 activation, is dispensable for SAMHD1/IRF1-mediated restriction of exogenous DNA, and neither type I nor II interferons appear to be involved. We also demonstrate that SAMHD1/IRF1-mediated restriction can effectively inhibit hepatitis B virus (HBV) antigen expression and progeny virus production in mouse models. In conclusion, these data support restriction of exogenous DNA as a novel function of SAMHD1.
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21
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Garcia SA, Tian H, Imamura-Kawasawa Y, Fisher A, Cellini A, Codd C, Herzenberg JE, Abzug JM, Ng V, Iwamoto M, Enomoto-Iwamoto M. Understanding the Action of RARγ Agonists on Human Osteochondroma Explants. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E2686. [PMID: 32294904 PMCID: PMC7215996 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteochondromas are cartilage-capped growths located proximate to the physis that can cause skeletal deformities, pain, limited motion, and neurovascular impingement. Previous studies have demonstrated retinoic acid receptor gamma (RARγ) agonists to inhibit ectopic endochondral ossification, therefore we hypothesize that RARγ agonists can target on established osteochondromas. The purpose of this study was to examine the action of RARγ agonist in human osteochondromas. Osteochondroma specimens were obtained during surgery, subjected to explant culture and were treated with RARγ agonists or vehicles. Gene expression analysis confirmed the up-regulation of RARγ target genes in the explants treated with NRX 204647 and Palovarotene and revealed strong inhibition of cartilage matrix and increased extracellular matrix proteases gene expression. In addition, immunohistochemical staining for the neoepitope of protease-cleaved aggrecan indicated that RARγ agonist treatment stimulated cartilage matrix degradation. Interestingly, cell survival studies demonstrated that RARγ agonist treatment stimulated cell death. Moreover, RNA sequencing analysis indicates changes in multiple molecular pathways due to RARγ agonists treatment, showing similarly to human growth plate chondrocytes. Together, these findings suggest that RARγ agonist may exert anti-tumor function on osteochondromas by inhibiting matrix synthesis, promoting cartilage matrix degradation and stimulating cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia A. Garcia
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 20 Penn Street, HSFII, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (S.A.G.); (H.T.); (A.F.); (A.C.); (C.C.); (J.E.H.); (J.M.A.); (V.N.); (M.I.)
| | - Hongying Tian
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 20 Penn Street, HSFII, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (S.A.G.); (H.T.); (A.F.); (A.C.); (C.C.); (J.E.H.); (J.M.A.); (V.N.); (M.I.)
| | - Yuka Imamura-Kawasawa
- Departments of Pharmacology and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute for Personalized Medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA;
| | - Aidan Fisher
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 20 Penn Street, HSFII, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (S.A.G.); (H.T.); (A.F.); (A.C.); (C.C.); (J.E.H.); (J.M.A.); (V.N.); (M.I.)
| | - Ashley Cellini
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 20 Penn Street, HSFII, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (S.A.G.); (H.T.); (A.F.); (A.C.); (C.C.); (J.E.H.); (J.M.A.); (V.N.); (M.I.)
| | - Casey Codd
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 20 Penn Street, HSFII, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (S.A.G.); (H.T.); (A.F.); (A.C.); (C.C.); (J.E.H.); (J.M.A.); (V.N.); (M.I.)
| | - John E. Herzenberg
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 20 Penn Street, HSFII, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (S.A.G.); (H.T.); (A.F.); (A.C.); (C.C.); (J.E.H.); (J.M.A.); (V.N.); (M.I.)
- Pediatric Orthopaedics, Sinai Hospital, Baltimore, MD 21215, USA
| | - Joshua M. Abzug
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 20 Penn Street, HSFII, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (S.A.G.); (H.T.); (A.F.); (A.C.); (C.C.); (J.E.H.); (J.M.A.); (V.N.); (M.I.)
| | - Vincent Ng
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 20 Penn Street, HSFII, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (S.A.G.); (H.T.); (A.F.); (A.C.); (C.C.); (J.E.H.); (J.M.A.); (V.N.); (M.I.)
| | - Masahiro Iwamoto
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 20 Penn Street, HSFII, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (S.A.G.); (H.T.); (A.F.); (A.C.); (C.C.); (J.E.H.); (J.M.A.); (V.N.); (M.I.)
| | - Motomi Enomoto-Iwamoto
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 20 Penn Street, HSFII, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (S.A.G.); (H.T.); (A.F.); (A.C.); (C.C.); (J.E.H.); (J.M.A.); (V.N.); (M.I.)
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22
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Kim SH, In Choi H, Choi MR, An GY, Binas B, Jung KH, Chai YG. Epigenetic regulation of IFITM1 expression in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated human mesenchymal stromal cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:16. [PMID: 31910882 PMCID: PMC6945778 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1531-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) ligands such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) activate immunomodulatory functions and the migration of human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs). Here, we study the migration-related gene expression of LPS-stimulated hMSCs and the role and regulation of one of the upregulated genes, encoding the interferon-induced transmembrane protein 1 (IFITM1). Methods Gene expression profiles were determined by whole-transcriptome analysis (RNA-seq) and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Bioinformatics approaches were used to perform network and pathway analyses. The cell migration-related genes were identified with an in vitro wound healing assay. RNA interference (RNAi) was used to suppress the IFITM1 gene expression. The IFITM1 gene enhancer was analyzed by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) sequencing, ChIP-to-PCR, luciferase reporter assays, and qRT-PCR for enhancer RNAs (eRNAs). Results RNA-seq confirmed IFITM1 as an LPS-stimulated gene, and RNAi demonstrated its importance for the LPS-stimulated migration. LPS treatment increased the eRNA expression in enhancer region R2 (2 kb upstream) of the IFITM1 gene and enriched R2 for H3K27ac. Bioinformatics implicated the transcription factors NF-κB and IRF1, ChIP assays revealed their binding to R2, and chemical inhibition of NF-κB and RNAi directed against IRF1 prevented R2 eRNA and IFITM1 gene expression. Conclusions Increased expression of the IFITM1 gene is required for LPS-stimulated hMSC migration. We described several underlying changes in the IFITM1 gene enhancer, most notably the NF-κB-mediated activation of enhancer region R2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Hwa Kim
- Department of Molecular & Life Science, Hanyang University, Ansan, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae In Choi
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04673, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Ran Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga Yeong An
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04673, Republic of Korea
| | - Bert Binas
- Department of Molecular & Life Science, Hanyang University, Ansan, 15588, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyoung Hwa Jung
- Convergence Technology Campus of Korea Polytechnic II, Incheon, 21417, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young Gyu Chai
- Department of Molecular & Life Science, Hanyang University, Ansan, 15588, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Bionanotechnology, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04673, Republic of Korea.
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23
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Ferrer MF, Thomas P, López Ortiz AO, Errasti AE, Charo N, Romanowski V, Gorgojo J, Rodriguez ME, Carrera Silva EA, Gómez RM. Junin Virus Triggers Macrophage Activation and Modulates Polarization According to Viral Strain Pathogenicity. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2499. [PMID: 31695702 PMCID: PMC6817498 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The New World arenavirus Junin (JUNV) is the etiological agent of Argentine hemorrhagic fever (AHF). Previous studies of human macrophage infection by the Old-World arenaviruses Mopeia and Lassa showed that while the non-pathogenic Mopeia virus replicates and activates human macrophages, the pathogenic Lassa virus replicates but fails to activate human macrophages. Less is known in regard to the impact of New World arenavirus infection on the human macrophage immune response. Macrophage activation is critical for controlling infections but could also be usurped favoring immune evasion. Therefore, it is crucial to understand how the JUNV infection modulates macrophage plasticity to clarify its role in AHF pathogenesis. With this aim in mind, we compared infection with the attenuated Candid 1 (C#1) or the pathogenic P strains of the JUNV virus in human macrophage cultures. The results showed that both JUNV strains similarly replicated and induced morphological changes as early as 1 day post-infection. However, both strains differentially induced the expression of CD71, the receptor for cell entry, the activation and maturation molecules CD80, CD86, and HLA-DR and selectively modulated cytokine production. Higher levels of TNF-α, IL-10, and IL-12 were detected with C#1 strain, while the P strain induced only higher levels of IL-6. We also found that C#1 strain infection skewed macrophage polarization to M1, whereas the P strain shifted the response to an M2 phenotype. Interestingly, the MERTK receptor, that negatively regulates the immune response, was down-regulated by C#1 strain and up-regulated by P strain infection. Similarly, the target genes of MERTK activation, the cytokine suppressors SOCS1 and SOCS3, were also increased after P strain infection, in addition to IRF-1, that regulates type I IFN levels, which were higher with C#1 compared with P strain infection. Together, this differential activation/polarization pattern of macrophages elicited by P strain suggests a more evasive immune response and may have important implications in the pathogenesis of AHF and underpinning the development of new potential therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- María F Ferrer
- Laboratorio de Virus Animales, Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Pablo Thomas
- Laboratorio de Virus Animales, Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Aída O López Ortiz
- Laboratorio de Virus Animales, Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina.,Laboratorio de Trombosis Experimental, Instituto de Medicina Experimental, CONICET-Academia Nacional de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrea E Errasti
- Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Farmacologia, University of Buenos Aries, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nancy Charo
- Laboratorio de Trombosis Experimental, Instituto de Medicina Experimental, CONICET-Academia Nacional de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Victor Romanowski
- Laboratorio de Virus Animales, Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina.,Global Viral Network, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Juan Gorgojo
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Fermentaciones Industriales, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - María E Rodriguez
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Fermentaciones Industriales, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Eugenio A Carrera Silva
- Laboratorio de Trombosis Experimental, Instituto de Medicina Experimental, CONICET-Academia Nacional de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ricardo M Gómez
- Laboratorio de Virus Animales, Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina.,Global Viral Network, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Interferon regulatory factor-1 reverses chemoresistance by downregulating the expression of P-glycoprotein in gastric cancer. Cancer Lett 2019; 457:28-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Co-treatment with interferon-γ and 1-methyl tryptophan ameliorates cardiac fibrosis through cardiac myofibroblasts apoptosis. Mol Cell Biochem 2019; 458:197-205. [PMID: 31006829 PMCID: PMC6616223 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-019-03542-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac remodeling characterized by cardiac fibrosis is a pathologic process occurring after acute myocardial infarction. Fibrosis can be ameliorated by interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), which is a soluble cytokine showing various effects such as anti-fibrosis, apoptosis, anti-proliferation, immunomodulation, and anti-viral activities. However, the role of IFN-γ in cardiac myofibroblasts is not well established. Therefore, we investigated the anti-fibrotic effects of IFN-γ in human cardiac myofibroblasts (hCMs) in vitro and whether indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), induced by IFN-γ and resulting in cell cycle arrest, plays an important role in regulating the biological activity of hCMs. After IFN-γ treatment, cell signaling pathways and DNA contents were analyzed to assess the biological activity of IFN-γ in hCMs. In addition, an IDO inhibitor (1-methyl tryptophan; 1-MT) was used to assess whether IDO plays a key role in regulating hCMs. IFN-γ significantly inhibited hCM proliferation, and IFN-γ-induced IDO expression caused cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 through tryptophan depletion. Moreover, IFN-γ treatment gradually suppressed the expression of α-smooth muscle actin. When IDO activity was inhibited by 1-MT, marked apoptosis was observed in hCMs through the induction of interferon regulatory factor, Fas, and Fas ligand. Our results suggest that IFN-γ plays key roles in anti-proliferative and anti-fibrotic activities in hCMs and further induces apoptosis via IDO inhibition. In conclusion, co-treatment with IFN-γ and 1-MT can ameliorate fibrosis in cardiac myofibroblasts through apoptosis.
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Riffo-Campos AL, Fuentes-Trillo A, Tang WY, Soriano Z, De Marco G, Rentero-Garrido P, Adam-Felici V, Lendinez-Tortajada V, Francesconi K, Goessler W, Ladd-Acosta C, Leon-Latre M, Casasnovas JA, Chaves FJ, Navas-Acien A, Guallar E, Tellez-Plaza M. In silico epigenetics of metal exposure and subclinical atherosclerosis in middle aged men: pilot results from the Aragon Workers Health Study. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2019; 373:rstb.2017.0084. [PMID: 29685964 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2017.0084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We explored the association of metal levels with subclinical atherosclerosis and epigenetic changes in relevant biological pathways. Whole blood DNA Infinium Methylation 450 K data were obtained from 23 of 73 middle age men without clinically evident cardiovascular disease (CVD) who participated in the Aragon Workers Health Study in 2009 (baseline visit) and had available baseline urinary metals and subclinical atherosclerosis measures obtained in 2010-2013 (follow-up visit). The median metal levels were 7.36 µg g-1, 0.33 µg g-1, 0.11 µg g-1 and 0.07 µg g-1, for arsenic (sum of inorganic and methylated species), cadmium, antimony and tungsten, respectively. Urine cadmium and tungsten were associated with femoral and carotid intima-media thickness, respectively (Pearson's r = 0.27; p = 0.03 in both cases). Among nearest genes to identified differentially methylated regions (DMRs), 46% of metal-DMR genes overlapped with atherosclerosis-DMR genes (p < 0.001). Pathway enrichment analysis of atherosclerosis-DMR genes showed a role in inflammatory, metabolic and transport pathways. In in silico protein-to-protein interaction networks among proteins encoded by 162 and 108 genes attributed to atherosclerosis- and metal-DMRs, respectively, with proteins known to have a role in atherosclerosis pathways, we observed hub proteins in the network associated with both atherosclerosis and metal-DMRs (e.g. SMAD3 and NOP56), and also hub proteins associated with metal-DMRs only but with relevant connections with atherosclerosis effectors (e.g. SSTR5, HDAC4, AP2A2, CXCL12 and SSTR4). Our integrative in silico analysis demonstrates the feasibility of identifying epigenomic regions linked to environmental exposures and potentially involved in relevant pathways for human diseases. While our results support the hypothesis that metal exposures can influence health due to epigenetic changes, larger studies are needed to confirm our pilot results.This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Frontiers in epigenetic chemical biology'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela L Riffo-Campos
- Area of Cardiometabolic Risk, Institute for Biomedical Research Hospital Clinic of Valencia, Menendez Pelayo 4 Accesorio, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Azahara Fuentes-Trillo
- Genomics and Genetic Diagnostic Unit, Institute for Biomedical Research Hospital Clinic of Valencia, Menendez Pelayo 4 Accesorio, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Wan Y Tang
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Zoraida Soriano
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragon, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Griselda De Marco
- Genomics and Genetic Diagnostic Unit, Institute for Biomedical Research Hospital Clinic of Valencia, Menendez Pelayo 4 Accesorio, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Pilar Rentero-Garrido
- Genomics and Genetic Diagnostic Unit, Institute for Biomedical Research Hospital Clinic of Valencia, Menendez Pelayo 4 Accesorio, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Victoria Adam-Felici
- Genomics and Genetic Diagnostic Unit, Institute for Biomedical Research Hospital Clinic of Valencia, Menendez Pelayo 4 Accesorio, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Veronica Lendinez-Tortajada
- Genomics and Genetic Diagnostic Unit, Institute for Biomedical Research Hospital Clinic of Valencia, Menendez Pelayo 4 Accesorio, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Walter Goessler
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | | | - Montse Leon-Latre
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragon, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.,Servicio Aragones de Salud, 50071 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jose A Casasnovas
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragon, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.,Instituto Aragonés de Ciencias de Salud, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.,Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - F Javier Chaves
- Genomics and Genetic Diagnostic Unit, Institute for Biomedical Research Hospital Clinic of Valencia, Menendez Pelayo 4 Accesorio, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Navas-Acien
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Eliseo Guallar
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Maria Tellez-Plaza
- Area of Cardiometabolic Risk, Institute for Biomedical Research Hospital Clinic of Valencia, Menendez Pelayo 4 Accesorio, 46010 Valencia, Spain .,Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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27
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Nicolini A, Ferrari P, Rossi G, Carpi A. Tumour growth and immune evasion as targets for a new strategy in advanced cancer. Endocr Relat Cancer 2018; 25:R577–R604. [PMID: 30306784 DOI: 10.1530/erc-18-0142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
It has become clearer that advanced cancer, especially advanced breast cancer, is an entirely displayed pathological system that is much more complex than previously considered. However, the direct relationship between tumour growth and immune evasion can represent a general rule governing the pathological cancer system from the initial cancer cells to when the system is entirely displayed. Accordingly, a refined pathobiological model and a novel therapeutic strategy are proposed. The novel therapeutic strategy is based on therapeutically induced conditions (undetectable tumour burden and/or a prolonged tumour ‘resting state’), which enable an efficacious immune response in advanced breast and other types of solid cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Nicolini
- Department of Oncology, Transplantations and New Technologies in Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Paola Ferrari
- Department of Oncology, Transplantations and New Technologies in Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Rossi
- Unit of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Council of Research, Pisa, Italy
| | - Angelo Carpi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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28
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Wan P, Chi X, Du Q, Luo J, Cui X, Dong K, Bing Y, Heres C, Geller DA. miR-383 promotes cholangiocarcinoma cell proliferation, migration, and invasion through targeting IRF1. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:9720-9729. [PMID: 30145803 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF1) has been found to serve as a tumor suppressor in cholangiocarcinoma, and enabled prediction of clinical progression and prognosis in our previous study. The objective of the current study is to screen and identify valuable microRNAs (miR), which target IRF1 to regulate cholangiocarcinoma cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. High expression of miR-383 was observed in cholangiocarcinoma tissues and cells. Meanwhile, we found the predicted binding site of miR-383 on the IRF1 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) according to the miR target database. The miR-383 expression was negatively related to IRF1 messeneger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression in cholangiocarcinoma tissue samples, and miR-383 negatively regulated IRF1 mRNA and protein expression in cholangiocarcinoma cells. Subsequently, we conducted a luciferase reporter assay to prove the predicted binding site miR-383 on IRF1 3'-UTR. Moreover, the results of the rescue study suggested that IRF1 was a functional target of miR-383 involved in regulating cholangiocarcinoma cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Finally, we evaluated the clinical and prognostic significance of miR-383 in cholangiocarcinoma cases, and found that high expression of miR-383 was correlated with advanced tumor stage, large tumor size, present vascular invasion, and metastasis, and acted as an unfavorable independent prognostic factor. In conclusion, miR-383 serves as a tumor-suppressive miR to regulate cholangiocarcinoma cell proliferation, migration, and invasion via directly targeting IRF1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiqi Wan
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaojv Chi
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Du
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jing Luo
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xiangya Medical University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao Cui
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Kun Dong
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yan Bing
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou Medical University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Caroline Heres
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - David A Geller
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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29
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Jeong SI, Kim JW, Ko KP, Ryu BK, Lee MG, Kim HJ, Chi SG. XAF1 forms a positive feedback loop with IRF-1 to drive apoptotic stress response and suppress tumorigenesis. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:806. [PMID: 30042418 PMCID: PMC6057933 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0867-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP)-associated factor 1 (XAF1) is a proapoptotic tumor suppressor that is frequently inactivated in multiple human cancers. However, the molecular basis for the XAF1-mediated growth inhibition remains largely undefined. Here, we report that XAF1 forms a positive feedback loop with interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1) and functions as a transcriptional coactivator of IRF-1 to suppress tumorigenesis. Under various stressful conditions, XAF1 transcription is activated by IRF-1, and elevated XAF1 stabilizes and activates IRF-1. Mechanistically, XAF1 binds to the multifunctional domain 2 of IRF-1 via the zinc finger domain 6, thereby hindering C-terminus of Hsc70-interacting protein (CHIP) interaction with and ubiquitination of IRF-1. Activation of the IRF-1−XAF1 loop greatly increases stress-induced apoptosis and decreases the invasive capability of tumor cells. Oncogenic Ras and growth factors interfere with the IRF-1−XAF1 interplay via Erk-mediated repression of XAF1 transcription. Furthermore, XAF1 enhances IRF-1-mediated transcription of proapoptotic genes via the XAF1-IRF-1 complex formation on these target promoters. Meanwhile, XAF1 inhibits NF-κB-mediated tumor cell malignancy by reinforcing IRF-1 binding to a subset of coregulated promoters. Expression levels of IRF-1 and XAF1 correlate tightly in both cancer cell lines and primary tumors, and XAF1-induced tumor regression is markedly attenuated in IRF-1-depleted tumors. Collectively, this study identifies a novel mechanism of XAF1-mediated tumor suppression, uncovering XAF1 as a feedback coactivator of IRF-1 under stressful conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-In Jeong
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea
| | - Jung-Wook Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, 02447, Korea
| | - Kyung-Phil Ko
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea
| | - Byung-Kyu Ryu
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea
| | - Min-Goo Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea
| | - Hyo-Jong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, 02447, Korea
| | - Sung-Gil Chi
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea.
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30
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Zhang W, Yi X, An Y, Guo S, Li S, Song P, Chang Y, Zhang S, Gao T, Wang G, Li C. MicroRNA-17-92 cluster promotes the proliferation and the chemokine production of keratinocytes: implication for the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:567. [PMID: 29752469 PMCID: PMC5948221 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0621-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Keratinocytes are the main epidermal cell type that constitutes the skin barrier against environmental damages, which emphasizes the balance between the growth and the death of keratinocytes in maintaining skin homeostasis. Aberrant proliferation of keratinocytes and the secretion of inflammatory factors from keratinocytes are related to the formation of chronic inflammatory skin diseases like psoriasis. MicroRNA-17-92 (miRNA-17-92 or miR-17-92) is a miRNA cluster that regulates cell growth and immunity, but the role of miR-17-92 cluster in keratinocytes and its relation to skin diseases have not been well investigated. In the present study, we initially found that miR-17-92 cluster promoted the proliferation and the cell-cycle progression of keratinocytes via suppressing cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2B (CDKN2B). Furthermore, miR-17-92 cluster facilitated the secretion of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 9 (CXCL9) and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10) from keratinocytes by inhibiting suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1), which enhanced the chemotaxis for T lymphocytes formed by keratinocytes. In addition, we detected increased expression of miR-17-92 cluster in psoriatic lesions and the level of lesional miR-17-92 cluster was positively correlated with the disease severity in psoriasis patients. At last, miR-17-92 cluster was increased in keratinocytes by cytokines through the activation of signal transducers and activators of transcription 1 (STAT1) signaling pathway. Our findings demonstrate that cytokine-induced overexpression of miR-17-92 cluster can promote the proliferation and the immune function of keratinocytes, and thus may contribute to the development of inflammatory skin diseases like psoriasis, which implicates miR-17-92 cluster as a potential therapeutic target for psoriasis and other skin diseases with similar inflammatory pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weigang Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shannxi, China
| | - Xiuli Yi
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shannxi, China
| | - Yawen An
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shannxi, China
| | - Sen Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shannxi, China
| | - Shuli Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shannxi, China
| | - Pu Song
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shannxi, China
| | - Yuqian Chang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shannxi, China
| | - Shaolong Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shannxi, China
| | - Tianwen Gao
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shannxi, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shannxi, China
| | - Chunying Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shannxi, China.
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31
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Zheng Y, Zheng X, Li S, Zhang H, Liu M, Yang Q, Zhang M, Sun Y, Wu J, Yu B. Identification of key genes and pathways in regulating immune‑induced diseases of dendritic cells by bioinformatic analysis. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:7585-7594. [PMID: 29620200 PMCID: PMC5983944 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) serve crucial roles in the activation of the immune response, and imbalance in the activation or inhibition of DCs has been associated with an increased susceptibility to develop immune-induced diseases. However, the molecular mechanisms of regulating immune-induced diseases of DCs are not well understood. The aim of the present study was to identify the gene signatures and uncover the potential regulatory mechanisms in DCs. A total of 4 gene expression profiles (GSE52894, GSE72893, GSE75938 and GSE77969) were integrated and analyzed in depth. In total, 241 upregulated genes and 365 downregulated genes were detected. Gene ontology and pathway enrichment analysis showed that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were significantly enriched in the inflammatory response, the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway, the nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling pathway and antigen processing. The top 10 hub genes were identified from the protein-protein analysis. The most significant 2 modules were filtered from the protein-protein network. The genes in 2 modules were involved in type I interferon signaling, the NF-κB signaling pathway and the TNF signaling pathway. Furthermore, the microRNA-mRNA network analysis was performed. The results of the present study revealed that the identified DEGs and pathways may improve our understanding of the mechanisms of the maturation of DCs, and the candidate hub genes that may be therapeutic targets for immune-induced diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Xianghui Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Hanlu Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Mingyang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Qingyuan Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Maomao Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Yong Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
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32
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Tulli L, Cattaneo F, Vinot J, Baldari CT, D'Oro U. Src Family Kinases Regulate Interferon Regulatory Factor 1 K63 Ubiquitination following Activation by TLR7/8 Vaccine Adjuvant in Human Monocytes and B Cells. Front Immunol 2018; 9:330. [PMID: 29545793 PMCID: PMC5837968 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a key role in the activation of innate immune cells, in which their engagement leads to production of cytokines and co-stimulatory molecules. TLRs signaling requires recruitment of toll/IL-1R (TIR) domain-containing adaptors, such as MyD88 and/or TRIF, and leads to activation of several transcription factors, such as NF-κB, the AP1 complex, and various members of the interferon regulatory factor (IRF) family, which in turn results in triggering of several cellular functions associated with these receptors. A role for Src family kinases (SFKs) in this signaling pathway has also been established. Our work and that of others have shown that this type of kinases is activated following engagement of several TLRs, and that this event is essential for the initiation of specific downstream cellular response. In particular, we have previously demonstrated that activation of SFKs is required for balanced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by monocyte-derived dendritic cells after stimulation with R848, an agonist of human TLRs 7/8. We also showed that TLR7/8 triggering leads to an increase in interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1) protein levels and that this effect is abolished by inhibition of SFKs, suggesting a critical role of these kinases in IRF-1 regulation. In this study, we first confirmed the key role of SFKs in TLR7/8 signaling for cytokine production and accumulation of IRF-1 protein in monocytes and in B lymphocytes, two other type of antigen-presenting cells. Then, we demonstrate that TLR7 triggering leads to an increase of K63-linked ubiquitination of IRF-1, which is prevented by SFKs inhibition, suggesting a key role of these kinases in posttranslational regulation of IRF-1 in the immune cells. In order to understand the mechanism that links SFKs activation to IRF-1 K63-linked ubiquitination, we examined SFKs and IRF-1 possible interactors and proved that activation of SFKs is necessary for their interaction with TNFR-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) and promotes the recruitment of both cIAP2 and IRF-1 by TRAF6. Collectively, our data demonstrate that TLR7/8 engagement leads to the formation of a complex that allows the interaction of cIAP2 and IRF-1 resulting in IRF-1 K63-linked ubiquitination, and that active SFKs are required for this process.
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33
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Schilling MA, Katani R, Memari S, Cavanaugh M, Buza J, Radzio-Basu J, Mpenda FN, Deist MS, Lamont SJ, Kapur V. Transcriptional Innate Immune Response of the Developing Chicken Embryo to Newcastle Disease Virus Infection. Front Genet 2018. [PMID: 29535762 PMCID: PMC5835104 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional approaches to assess the immune response of chickens to infection are through animal trials, which are expensive, require enhanced biosecurity, compromise welfare, and are frequently influenced by confounding variables. Since the chicken embryo becomes immunocompetent prior to hatch, we here characterized the transcriptional response of selected innate immune genes to Newcastle disease virus (NDV) infection in chicken embryos at days 10, 14, and 18 of embryonic development. The results suggest that the innate immune response 72 h after challenge of 18-day chicken embryo is both consistent and robust. The expression of CCL5, Mx1, and TLR3 in lung tissues of NDV challenged chicken embryos from the outbred Kuroiler and Tanzanian local ecotype lines showed that their expression was several orders of magnitude higher in the Kuroiler than in the local ecotypes. Next, the expression patterns of three additional innate-immunity related genes, IL-8, IRF-1, and STAT1, were examined in the highly congenic Fayoumi (M5.1 and M15.2) and Leghorn (Ghs6 and Ghs13) sublines that differ only at the microchromosome bearing the major histocompatibility locus. The results show that the Ghs13 Leghorn subline had a consistently higher expression of all genes except IL-8 and expression seemed to be subline-dependent rather than breed-dependent, suggesting that the innate immune response of chicken embryos to NDV infection may be genetically controlled by the MHC-locus. Taken together, the results suggest that the chicken embryo may represent a promising model to studying the patterns and sources of variation of the avian innate immune response to infection with NDV and related pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan A Schilling
- Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States.,Department of Animal Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States.,School of Life Sciences and Bio-Engineering, The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Robab Katani
- Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States.,Department of Animal Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States.,Applied Biological Research Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Sahar Memari
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Meredith Cavanaugh
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Joram Buza
- School of Life Sciences and Bio-Engineering, The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Jessica Radzio-Basu
- Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Fulgence N Mpenda
- School of Life Sciences and Bio-Engineering, The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Melissa S Deist
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Susan J Lamont
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Vivek Kapur
- Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States.,Department of Animal Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States.,School of Life Sciences and Bio-Engineering, The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha, Tanzania
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34
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Marsili G, Perrotti E, Remoli AL, Acchioni C, Sgarbanti M, Battistini A. IFN Regulatory Factors and Antiviral Innate Immunity: How Viruses Can Get Better. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2018; 36:414-32. [PMID: 27379864 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2016.0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The interferon regulatory factor (IRF) family consists of transcriptional regulators that exert multifaceted and versatile functions in multiple biological processes. Their crucial role as central mediators in the establishment and execution of host immunity in response to pathogen-derived signals downstream pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) makes IRFs a hallmark of the host antiviral response. They function as hub molecules at the crossroad of different signaling pathways for the induction of interferon (IFN) and inflammatory cytokines, as well as of antiviral and immunomodulatory genes even in an IFN-independent manner. By regulating the development and activity of immune cells, IRFs also function as a bridge between innate and adaptive responses. As such, IRFs represent attractive and compulsive targets in viral strategies to subvert antiviral signaling. In this study, we discuss current knowledge on the wide array of strategies put in place by pathogenic viruses to evade, subvert, and/or hijack these essential components of host antiviral immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Marsili
- Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità , Rome, Italy
| | - Edvige Perrotti
- Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità , Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Lisa Remoli
- Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità , Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Acchioni
- Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità , Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Sgarbanti
- Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità , Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Battistini
- Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità , Rome, Italy
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35
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Li XQ, Li XN, Liang JJ, Cai XB, Tao Q, Li YX, Qin Q, Xu SP, Luo TR. IRF1 up-regulates isg15 gene expression in dsRNA stimulation or CSFV infection by targeting nucleotides -487 to -325 in the 5' flanking region. Mol Immunol 2018; 94:153-165. [PMID: 29324236 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2017.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Interferon (IFN)-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) encodes a ubiquitin-like protein that is heavily involved in immune response elicitation. As an important member of interferon regulatory factor (IRF) family, IRF1 can activate the expression of multiple genes, including the human optineurin gene (Sudhakar et al., 2013). In this study, a sequence in the promoter region of the optineurin gene was compared to the 5' flanking region of the porcine isg15 gene. Porcine IRF1 also possesses antiviral activity against several swine viruses (Li et al., 2015), but the mechanism is not well understood. Herein, we report that porcine IRF1 and ISG15 were up-regulated in porcine kidney (PK-15) cells following stimulation with double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) or classical swine fever virus (CSFV) infection. We also found that siRNA-mediated knockdown of IRF1 expression resulted in lower ISG15 expression in response to polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)] or CSFV infection. The overexpression of IRF1 resulted in ISG15 up-regulation. IRF1 was shown to translocate to the nucleus in response to dsRNA stimulation. To further identify the functional domain of the isg15 gene that promotes IRF1 transcriptional activity, firefly luciferase and ISG15 reporter systems were constructed. The results of the firefly luciferase and ISG15 reporter assay suggested that IRF1 mediates the up-regulation of ISG15. Nucleotides -487 to -325, located in the 5' flanking region of the isg15 gene, constituted the promoter region of IRF1. ChIP assay indicated that IRF1 protein was able to interact with the DNA in the 5'fr of isg15 gene in cells. As an innate immune response protein with broad-spectrum antiviral activity, the up-regulation of ISG15 mediated by IRF1 in porcine cells is reported for the first time. These results warrant further investigation into the antiviral activity of porcine IRF1 against reported swine viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Quan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China; Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases, College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiao Ning Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China; Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases, College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Jing-Jing Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China; Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases, College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Xin-Bin Cai
- Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases, College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Qian Tao
- Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases, College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Yu-Xiao Li
- Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases, College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Qing Qin
- Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases, College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Su-Ping Xu
- Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases, College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Ting Rong Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China; Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases, College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China.
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36
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Buccione C, Fragale A, Polverino F, Ziccheddu G, Aricò E, Belardelli F, Proietti E, Battistini A, Moschella F. Role of interferon regulatory factor 1 in governing
T
reg depletion,
T
h1 polarization, inflammasome activation and antitumor efficacy of cyclophosphamide. Int J Cancer 2017; 142:976-987. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carla Buccione
- Department of Oncology and Molecular MedicineIstituto Superiore di SanitàRome Italy
| | - Alessandra Fragale
- Department of Oncology and Molecular MedicineIstituto Superiore di SanitàRome Italy
| | - Federica Polverino
- Department of Oncology and Molecular MedicineIstituto Superiore di SanitàRome Italy
| | - Giovanna Ziccheddu
- Department of Oncology and Molecular MedicineIstituto Superiore di SanitàRome Italy
| | - Eleonora Aricò
- Department of Oncology and Molecular MedicineIstituto Superiore di SanitàRome Italy
| | - Filippo Belardelli
- Department of Oncology and Molecular MedicineIstituto Superiore di SanitàRome Italy
| | - Enrico Proietti
- Department of Oncology and Molecular MedicineIstituto Superiore di SanitàRome Italy
| | - Angela Battistini
- Department of Infectious DiseasesIstituto Superiore di SanitàRome Italy
| | - Federica Moschella
- Department of Oncology and Molecular MedicineIstituto Superiore di SanitàRome Italy
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37
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Colombo C, Belfiore A, Paielli N, De Cecco L, Canevari S, Laurini E, Fermeglia M, Pricl S, Verderio P, Bottelli S, Fiore M, Stacchiotti S, Palassini E, Gronchi A, Pilotti S, Perrone F. β-Catenin in desmoid-type fibromatosis: deep insights into the role of T41A and S45F mutations on protein structure and gene expression. Mol Oncol 2017. [PMID: 28627792 PMCID: PMC5664003 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Desmoid‐type fibromatosis (DF) is a rare mesenchymal lesion with high risk of local recurrence. Specific β‐catenin mutations (S45F) appeared to be related to this higher risk compared to T41A‐mutated or wild‐type (WT). We explored the influence of both mutations and WT on structure stability and affinity of β‐catenin for α‐catenin and the pattern of gene expression that may influence DF behavior. Using 33 surgically resected primary DFs harboring T41A (n = 14), S45F (n = 10), or WT (n = 9), we performed a comparative molecular analysis by protein/protein interaction modeling, gene expression by DASL microarrays, human inflammation gene panel, and assessment of immune system‐based biomarkers by immunohistochemistry. Mutated proteins were more stable than WT and formed a weaker complex with α‐catenin. Consensus unsupervised gene clustering revealed the presence of two DF group‐mutated (T41A + S45F) and WT (P = 0.0047). The gene sets ‘Inflammatory‐Defense‐Humoral Immune Response’ and ‘Antigen Binding’ were significantly enriched in T41A. The deregulation of 16 inflammation‐related genes was confirmed. Low numbers of T cells and tumor‐associated macrophages (TAM) infiltrating the tumors and low/absent PD‐1/PD‐L1 expression were also identified. We demonstrated that mutated DFs (T41A or S45F) and WT are two distinct molecular subgroups with regard to β‐catenin stability, α‐catenin affinity, and gene expression profiling. A different inflammation signature characterized the two mutated groups, suggesting mediation either by T41A or by S45F. Finally, all mutated cases showed a low number of TIL and TAM cells and a low or absent expression of PD‐1 and PD‐L1 consistent with β‐catenin activation insensitive to checkpoint blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Colombo
- Sarcoma Service, Department of Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonino Belfiore
- Laboratory of Experimental Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicholas Paielli
- Laboratory of Experimental Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Loris De Cecco
- Functional Genomics and Bioinformatics, Department of Applied Research and Technology Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvana Canevari
- Functional Genomics and Bioinformatics, Department of Applied Research and Technology Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Erik Laurini
- Molecular Simulation Engineering (MOSE) Laboratory, DEA, University of Trieste, Italy
| | - Maurizio Fermeglia
- Molecular Simulation Engineering (MOSE) Laboratory, DEA, University of Trieste, Italy
| | - Sabrina Pricl
- Molecular Simulation Engineering (MOSE) Laboratory, DEA, University of Trieste, Italy
| | - Paolo Verderio
- Unit of Medical Statistics, Biometry and Bioinformatics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Bottelli
- Unit of Medical Statistics, Biometry and Bioinformatics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Fiore
- Sarcoma Service, Department of Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Stacchiotti
- Adult Mesenchymal Tumor Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Palassini
- Adult Mesenchymal Tumor Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Gronchi
- Sarcoma Service, Department of Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvana Pilotti
- Laboratory of Experimental Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Perrone
- Laboratory of Experimental Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
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38
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Yan R, van Meurs M, Popa ER, Jongman RM, Zwiers PJ, Niemarkt AE, Kuiper T, Kamps JA, Heeringa P, Zijlstra JG, Molema G, Moser J. Endothelial Interferon Regulatory Factor 1 Regulates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced VCAM-1 Expression Independent of NFκB. J Innate Immun 2017; 9:546-560. [PMID: 28658674 DOI: 10.1159/000477211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a severe systemic inflammatory response to infection. Endothelial activation and dysfunction play a critical role in the pathophysiology of sepsis and represent an important therapeutic target to reduce sepsis mortality. Interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1) was recently identified as a downstream target of TNF-α-mediated signal transduction in endothelial cells. The aim of this study was to explore the importance of IRF-1 as a regulator of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endothelial proinflammatory activation. We found that renal IRF-1 was upregulated by LPS in vivo as well as in LPS-stimulated endothelial cells in vitro. Furthermore, we identified intracellular retinoic acid inducible gene-I (RIG-I) as a regulator of LPS-mediated IRF-1 induction. IRF-1 depletion specifically resulted in diminished induction of VCAM-1 in response to LPS, but not of E-selectin or ICAM-1, which was independent of NFκB signaling. When both IRF-1 and the RIG-I adapter protein mitochondrial antiviral signaling (MAVS) were absent, VCAM-1 induction was not additionally inhibited, suggesting that MAVS and IRF-1 reside in the same signaling pathway. Surprisingly, E-selectin and IL-6 induction were no longer inhibited by MAVS knockdown when IRF-1 was also absent, revealing a redundant endothelial activation pathway. In summary, we report an IRF-1-mediated proinflammatory signaling pathway that specifically regulates LPS-mediated VCAM-1 expression, independent of NFκB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yan
- Medical Biology Section, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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39
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Zhang Z, Yang C, Dai X, Ao Y, Li Y. Inhibitory effect of trans-caryophyllene (TC) on leukocyte-endothelial attachment. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2017. [PMID: 28624443 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2017.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
trans-Caryophyllene (TC) is a major component found in the essential oils of many spices and foods/medicinal plants. It is a natural sesquiterpene and has been the subject of numerous studies. However, the effects of TC on vascular inflammation remain unknown. In this study, we reported that TC treatment in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) prevented attachment of monocytic leukemia cell line THP-1 cells to endothelial cells. In addition, in vivo results indicate that TC inhibited macrophage infiltration to the aortic surface and reduced total serum levels of cholesterol and triglycerides. Importantly, administration of TC could inhibit the induction of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) both in vitro and in vivo. Notably, our data indicate that the inhibitory effects of TC on the expression of VCAM-1 are mediated by the JAK2/STAT1/IRF-1 pathway. TC is a specific agonist of the type 2 cannabinoid receptor (CB2R). Importantly, we further verified that the inhibitory effects of TC on the expression of IRF-1 and VCAM-1 are dependent on activation of CB2R. Inhibition of CB2R by either specific inhibitors or RNA interference abolished the inhibitory effects of TC on the expression of IRF-1 and VCAM-1. Our results suggest that TC might have a capacity to suppress the development of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- Department of Pediatric ICU, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Chunfeng Yang
- Department of Pediatric ICU, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Xinlun Dai
- Clinical Medical College, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Yu Ao
- Department of Pediatric ICU, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Yumei Li
- Department of Pediatric ICU, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China.
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40
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Matta B, Song S, Li D, Barnes BJ. Interferon regulatory factor signaling in autoimmune disease. Cytokine 2017; 98:15-26. [PMID: 28283223 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2017.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) play critical roles in pathogen-induced innate immune responses and the subsequent induction of adaptive immune response. Dysregulation of IRF signaling is therefore thought to contribute to autoimmune disease pathogenesis. Indeed, numerous murine in vivo studies have documented protection from or enhanced susceptibility to particular autoimmune diseases in Irf-deficient mice. What has been lacking, however, is replication of these in vivo observations in primary immune cells from patients with autoimmune disease. These types of studies are essential as the majority of in vivo data support a protective role for IRFs in Irf-deficient mice, yet IRFs are often found to be overexpressed in patient immune cells. A significant body of work is beginning to emerge from both of these areas of study - mouse and human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharati Matta
- Center for Autoimmune and Musculoskeletal Diseases, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, United States
| | - Su Song
- Center for Autoimmune and Musculoskeletal Diseases, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, United States
| | - Dan Li
- Center for Autoimmune and Musculoskeletal Diseases, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, United States
| | - Betsy J Barnes
- Center for Autoimmune and Musculoskeletal Diseases, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, United States.
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41
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Stav-Noraas TE, Edelmann RJ, Poulsen LLC, Sundnes O, Phung D, Küchler AM, Müller F, Kamen AA, Haraldsen G, Kaarbø M, Hol J. Endothelial IL-33 Expression Is Augmented by Adenoviral Activation of the DNA Damage Machinery. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 198:3318-3325. [PMID: 28258201 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1600054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
IL-33, required for viral clearance by cytotoxic T cells, is generally expressed in vascular endothelial cells in healthy human tissues. We discovered that endothelial IL-33 expression was stimulated as a response to adenoviral transduction. This response was dependent on MRE11, a sensor of DNA damage that can also be activated by adenoviral DNA, and on IRF1, a transcriptional regulator of cellular responses to viral invasion and DNA damage. Accordingly, we observed that endothelial cells responded to adenoviral DNA by phosphorylation of ATM and CHK2 and that depletion or inhibition of MRE11, but not depletion of ATM, abrogated IL-33 stimulation. In conclusion, we show that adenoviral transduction stimulates IL-33 expression in endothelial cells in a manner that is dependent on the DNA-binding protein MRE11 and the antiviral factor IRF1 but not on downstream DNA damage response signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tor Espen Stav-Noraas
- K.G. Jebsen Inflammation Research Centre, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, N-0424 Oslo, Norway.,Laboratory of Immunohistochemistry and Immunopathology, Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, N-0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Reidunn J Edelmann
- K.G. Jebsen Inflammation Research Centre, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, N-0424 Oslo, Norway.,Laboratory of Immunohistochemistry and Immunopathology, Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, N-0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars La Cour Poulsen
- K.G. Jebsen Inflammation Research Centre, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, N-0424 Oslo, Norway.,Laboratory of Immunohistochemistry and Immunopathology, Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, N-0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Olav Sundnes
- K.G. Jebsen Inflammation Research Centre, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, N-0424 Oslo, Norway.,Laboratory of Immunohistochemistry and Immunopathology, Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, N-0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Danh Phung
- Laboratory of Immunohistochemistry and Immunopathology, Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, N-0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Axel M Küchler
- Laboratory of Immunohistochemistry and Immunopathology, Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, N-0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Fredrik Müller
- Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, N-0424 Oslo, Norway; and
| | - Amine A Kamen
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A OC3, Canada
| | - Guttorm Haraldsen
- K.G. Jebsen Inflammation Research Centre, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, N-0424 Oslo, Norway; .,Laboratory of Immunohistochemistry and Immunopathology, Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, N-0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Mari Kaarbø
- Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, N-0424 Oslo, Norway; and
| | - Johanna Hol
- K.G. Jebsen Inflammation Research Centre, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, N-0424 Oslo, Norway.,Laboratory of Immunohistochemistry and Immunopathology, Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, N-0424 Oslo, Norway
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42
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HIV-1 Tat Recruits HDM2 E3 Ligase To Target IRF-1 for Ubiquitination and Proteasomal Degradation. mBio 2016; 7:mBio.01528-16. [PMID: 27795392 PMCID: PMC5082900 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01528-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In addition to its ability to regulate HIV-1 promoter activation, the viral transactivator Tat also functions as a determinant of pathogenesis and disease progression by directly and indirectly modulating the host anti-HIV response, largely through the capacity of Tat to interact with and modulate the activities of multiple host proteins. We previously demonstrated that Tat modulated both viral and host transcriptional machinery by interacting with the cellular transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1). In the present study, we investigated the mechanistic basis and functional significance of Tat−IRF-1 interaction and demonstrate that Tat dramatically decreased IRF-1 protein stability. To accomplish this, Tat exploited the cellular HDM2 (human double minute 2 protein) ubiquitin ligase to accelerate IRF-1 proteasome-mediated degradation, resulting in a quenching of IRF-1 transcriptional activity during HIV-1 infection. These data identify IRF-1 as a new target of Tat-induced modulation of the cellular protein machinery and reveal a new strategy developed by HIV-1 to evade host immune responses. Current therapies have dramatically reduced morbidity and mortality associated with HIV infection and have converted infection from a fatal pathology to a chronic disease that is manageable via antiretroviral therapy. Nevertheless, HIV-1 infection remains a challenge, and the identification of useful cellular targets for therapeutic intervention remains a major goal. The cellular transcription factor IRF-1 impacts various physiological functions, including the immune response to viral infection. In this study, we have identified a unique mechanism by which HIV-1 evades IRF-1-mediated host immune responses and show that the viral protein Tat accelerates IRF-1 proteasome-mediated degradation and inactivates IRF-1 function. Restoration of IRF-1 functionality may thus be regarded as a potential strategy to reinstate both a direct antiviral response and a more broadly acting immune regulatory circuit.
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43
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Shan S, Qi C, Zhu Y, Li H, An L, Yang G. Expression profile of carp IFN correlate with the up-regulation of interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1) in vivo and in vitro: the pivotal molecules in antiviral defense. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 52:94-102. [PMID: 26993613 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) are a family of transcription factors that mediate the transcriptional regulation of interferon (IFN) genes and IFN-inducible genes. In this study, IRF-1 gene is cloned from the common carp, Cyprinus carpio L., named CcIRF-1. The full-length cDNA of CcIRF-1 is 1427 bp, including an open reading frame of 861 bp encoding a protein of 286 amino acids. The putative CcIRF-1 is characterized by a conserved DNA-binding domain and includes a signature of six conserved tryptophan residues. The genomic sequence of CcIRF-1 is described, which consists of 9 exons and 8 introns. The sequence analysis shows that CcIRF-1 is clustered into IRF-1 subfamily, and has the closest relationship with the zebrafish IRF-1. CcIRF-1 is found constitutively expressed in different organs of healthy common carp. The main findings are that CcIRF-1 is up-regulated following stimulation with poly(I:C) in all tested tissues. Moreover, the downstream gene of IRF-1 - IFN is found to be correlated with the up-regulation of IRF-1 after injection with poly(I:C). Furthermore, we also isolate the peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) and find that there is a relevance between the expression profile of CcIRF-1 and IFN in poly(I:C) stimulated PBLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijuan Shan
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenchen Qi
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaoyao Zhu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Liguo An
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guiwen Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China.
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44
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Lim R, Tran HT, Liong S, Barker G, Lappas M. The Transcription Factor Interferon Regulatory Factor-1 (IRF1) Plays a Key Role in the Terminal Effector Pathways of Human Preterm Labor1. Biol Reprod 2016; 94:32. [DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.115.134726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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45
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Cheng XY, He S, Liang XF, Song Y, Yuan XC, Li L, Wen ZY, Cai WJ, Tao YX. Molecular cloning, expression and single nucleotide polymorphisms of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) in mandarin fish ( Siniperca chuatsi ). Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2015; 189:69-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2015.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2015] [Revised: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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46
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Mirjačić Martinović K, Srdić-Rajić T, Babović N, Džodić R, Jurišić V, Konjević G. Decreased expression of pSTAT, IRF-1 and DAP10 signalling molecules in peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with metastatic melanoma. J Clin Pathol 2015; 69:300-6. [DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2015-203107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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