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Tomita Y, Mullick AA, Feldman AG, Levin MF. Altered Anticipatory Postural Adjustments During Whole-Body Reaching in Subjects With Stroke. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2024; 38:176-186. [PMID: 38347695 DOI: 10.1177/15459683241231528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coordination between arm movements and postural adjustments is crucial for reaching-while-stepping tasks involving both anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) and compensatory movements to effectively propel the whole-body forward so that the hand can reach the target. Stroke impairs the ability to coordinate the action of multiple body segments but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Objective. To determine the effects of stroke on reaching performance and APAs during whole-body reaching. METHODS We tested arm reaching in standing (stand-reach) and reaching-while-stepping (step-reach; 15 trials/condition) in individuals with chronic stroke (n = 18) and age-matched healthy subjects (n = 13). Whole-body kinematics and kinetic data were collected during the tasks. The primary outcome measure for step-reach was "gain" (g), defined as the extent to which the hip displacement contributing to hand motion was neutralized by appropriate changes in upper limb movements (g = 1 indicates complete compensation) and APAs measured as spatio-temporal profiles of the center-of-pressure shifts preceding stepping. RESULTS Individuals with stroke had lower gains and altered APAs compared to healthy controls. In addition, step onset was delayed, and the timing of endpoint, trunk, and foot movement offset was prolonged during step-reach compared to healthy controls. Those with milder sensorimotor impairment and better balance function had higher gains. Altered APAs were also related to reduced balance function. CONCLUSIONS Altered APAs and prolonged movement offset in stroke may lead to a greater reliance on compensatory arm movements. Altered APAs in individuals with stroke may be associated with a reduced shift of referent body configuration during the movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Tomita
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Care, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, Gunma, Japan
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Jewish Rehabilitation Hospital Site, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal (CRIR), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Aditi A Mullick
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Jewish Rehabilitation Hospital Site, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal (CRIR), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Anatol G Feldman
- Jewish Rehabilitation Hospital Site, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal (CRIR), Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mindy F Levin
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Jewish Rehabilitation Hospital Site, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal (CRIR), Montreal, QC, Canada
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Yousefi M, Zivari S, Yiou E, Caderby T. Effect of Chronic Ankle Instability on the Biomechanical Organization of Gait Initiation: A Systematic Review. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1596. [PMID: 38002555 PMCID: PMC10669647 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13111596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This systematic review was conducted to provide an overview of the effects of chronic ankle instability (CAI) on the biomechanical organization of gait initiation. Gait initiation is a classical model used in the literature to investigate postural control in healthy and pathological individuals. PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched for relevant articles. Eligible studies were screened and data extracted by two independent reviewers. An evaluation of the quality of the studies was performed using the Downs and Black checklist. A total of 878 articles were found in the initial search, but only six studies met the inclusion criteria. The findings from the literature suggest that CAI affects the characteristics of gait initiation. Specifically, individuals with CAI exhibit notable differences in reaction time, the spatiotemporal parameters of anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) and step execution, ankle-foot kinematics, and muscle activation compared to healthy controls. In particular, the observed differences in APA patterns associated with gait initiation suggest the presence of supraspinal motor control alterations in individuals with CAI. These findings may provide valuable information for the rehabilitation of these patients. However, the limited evidence available calls for caution in interpreting the results and underscores the need for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Yousefi
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Birjand, Birjand 9717434765, Iran; (M.Y.); (S.Z.)
| | - Shaghayegh Zivari
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Birjand, Birjand 9717434765, Iran; (M.Y.); (S.Z.)
| | - Eric Yiou
- Complexité, Innovation, Activités Motrices et Sportives (CIAMS), Université Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France
- Complexité, Innovation, Activités Motrices et Sportives (CIAMS), Université d’Orléans, 45067 Orléans, France
| | - Teddy Caderby
- Laboratoire IRISSE—EA 4075, UFR des Sciences de l’Homme et de l’Environnement, Université de La Réunion, 97430 Le Tampon, La Réunion, France;
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Reguera-García MM, Fernández-Baró E, Diez-Vega I, Varona-Echave I, Seco-Calvo J. Explanatory Capacity of Postural Control and Physical Fitness in Cognitive Impairment and Support Needs among Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities-A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1213. [PMID: 37626569 PMCID: PMC10452408 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13081213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Postural control is a skill associated with most motor activities and is essential for the performance of activities of daily living. People with intellectual disabilities (ID) present postural control deficits that can be attributed to several causes. The aim of this study was to determine whether postural control and physical fitness could explain the cognitive impairment and support needs in this population. A cross-sectional pilot study was conducted with 18 people with ID. Data collection was based on assessments for postural control (Mini BESTest and Berg Balance Scale) and physical fitness (Senior Fitness Test). The data were analyzed using linear regression models. Anticipatory postural adjustments were associated with support needs, explaining up to 45% of these. Consecutive postural adjustments and upper limb strength were less significantly associated with support needs. However, none of the variables used explained cognitive impairment in ID. Knowledge of the relationships and behavior of the different measurement tools is essential for the development of appropriate interventions in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Mercedes Reguera-García
- SALBIS Research Group, Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of León, 24400 Ponferrada, Spain
| | | | - Ignacio Diez-Vega
- ENSADE Research Group, Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of León, 24400 Ponferrada, Spain
- Exercise, Health and Applied Biomarkers Research Group, European University of Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Varona-Echave
- Clínica Volta do Castro, Rúa de Feliciano Barrera Fernández, 9, BAJO, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Jesús Seco-Calvo
- ENSADE Research Group, Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of León, 24400 Ponferrada, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine (BIOMED), University of León, 24071 León, Spain
- Physiology Department, University of the Basque Country, 48940 Leioa, Spain
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Cosendey K, Mongold S, Petieau M, Cheron G, Cebolla AM. Sleep-push movement performance in elite field hockey champions with and without training specialization. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1199448. [PMID: 37583601 PMCID: PMC10424849 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1199448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate kinematic and muscle activity differences during the sleep-push movement in elite field hockey players. We hypothesized that players with specialized sleep-push movement training (specialists) would possess a lower center of mass (CoM) and enhanced reproducibility of muscle activations during the movement, compared to players without explicit movement training (non-specialists). Methods Ten field hockey players of the Belgian national field hockey team performed the sleep-push movement (5 specialists and 5 non-specialists). Muscle activity and kinematic data were recorded using EMG to evaluate the reproducibility of muscle activations by cross-correlation analysis and power spectral features across the movement, while a motion capture system was used to assess kinematics. Results Compared to non-specialists, specialists had significantly (p < 0.05) increased stick velocity (9.17 ± 1.28 m/s versus 6.98 ± 0.97 m/s) and lower CoM height (141 ± 52 mm versus 296 ± 64 mm), during the second part of the shot. Specialists also showed a significant (p < 0.05) lower power spectrum in the activity of the upper limb muscles before the shot. Superimposition of the auto crosscorrelation results demonstrated a high degree of reproducibility in specialists' muscle activations. Conclusion Sleep-push movements realized by elite players who are specialists in the sleep-push movement presented significant kinematics and muscular activation differences when compared to the sleep-push movements realized by elite players who were not specialists in such movement. Characterization of the specific movement and the related high-level performer's muscular strategies offers the possibility of translating sport science findings into functional training with concrete applications for coaches, players, and other key stakeholders for the continued development of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Killian Cosendey
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Movement Biomechanics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Scott Mongold
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Movement Biomechanics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mathieu Petieau
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Movement Biomechanics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Guy Cheron
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Movement Biomechanics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Université de Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Ana-Maria Cebolla
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Movement Biomechanics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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Nishi Y, Osumi M, Morioka S. Anticipatory postural adjustments mediate the changes in fear-related behaviors in individuals with chronic low back pain. Scand J Pain 2023; 23:580-587. [PMID: 36437116 DOI: 10.1515/sjpain-2022-0078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The role(s) of anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) in changes in subsequent motor and postural controls in response to movement perturbations are unclear in individuals with chronic low back pain (CLBP). This study aimed to clarify the relationships among kinesiophobia, APAs, lumbar kinematic output, and postural control associated with lumbar movement in individuals with CLBP. METHODS CLBP participants (n=48) and healthy controls (HCs) without CLBP (n=22) performed a bend-forward task using their lumbar region on a force platform and returned upright. Each participant's lumbar movements were recorded using an electrogoniometer. We calculated the APA duration, the duration of lumbar direction changes from forward to backward, and the center of pressure (COP) position after lumbar movement tasks completion. RESULTS Compared with the HCs, the duration of direction changes in lumbar movement and the APA duration in CLBP participants were prolonged, and the COP position was shifted forward. The mediation analysis revealed that the duration of lumbar direction changes in the CLBP group was subjected to a significant indirect effect of APAs and a direct effect of kinesiophobia, and the COP position was subjected to a significant indirect effect of kinesiophobia through APAs. CONCLUSIONS APAs partially mediate the relationship between kinesiophobia and changes in lumbar motor control and mediate the relationship between kinesiophobia and postural control in response to movement perturbations. These findings expand our understanding of APAs in altered subsequent movement and postural controls due to kinesiophobia in individuals with CLBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Nishi
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences (Health Sciences) , Nagasaki University , Nagasaki, Japan
- Neurorehabilitation Research Center, Kio University, Nara, Japan
| | - Michihiro Osumi
- Neurorehabilitation Research Center, Kio University, Nara, Japan
| | - Shu Morioka
- Neurorehabilitation Research Center, Kio University, Nara, Japan
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ERSOY T, HOCAOGLU E. A 3-DoF robotic platform for the rehabilitation and assessment of reaction time and balance skills of MS patients. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280505. [PMID: 36827290 PMCID: PMC9955682 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS) exploits anticipatory (APAs) and compensatory (CPAs) postural adjustments to maintain the balance. The postural adjustments comprising stability of the center of mass (CoM) and the pressure distribution of the body influence each other if there is a lack of performance in either of them. Any predictable or sudden perturbation may pave the way for the divergence of CoM from equilibrium and inhomogeneous pressure distribution of the body. Such a situation is often observed in the daily lives of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients due to their poor APAs and CPAs and induces their falls. The way of minimizing the risk of falls in neurological patients is by utilizing perturbation-based rehabilitation, as it is efficient in the recovery of the balance disorder. In light of the findings, we present the design, implementation, and experimental evaluation of a novel 3 DoF parallel manipulator to treat the balance disorder of MS. The robotic platform allows angular motion of the ankle based on its anthropomorphic freedom. Moreover, the end-effector endowed with upper and lower platforms is designed to evaluate both the pressure distribution of each foot and the CoM of the body, respectively. Data gathered from the platforms are utilized to both evaluate the performance of the patients and used in high-level control of the robotic platform to regulate the difficulty level of tasks. In this study, kinematic and dynamic analyses of the robot are derived and validated in the simulation environment. Low-level control of the first prototype is also successfully implemented through the PID controller. The capacity of each platform is evaluated with a set of experiments considering the assessment of pressure distribution and CoM of the foot-like objects on the end-effector. The experimental results indicate that such a system well-address the need for balance skill training and assessment through the APAs and CPAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tugce ERSOY
- Living Robotics Laboratory, Istanbul Medipol University, Biomedical Engineering, Istanbul, Türkiye
- Ozyegin University, Mechanical Engineering, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Elif HOCAOGLU
- Living Robotics Laboratory, Istanbul Medipol University, Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Istanbul, Türkiye
- Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technologies (SABITA), Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Türkiye
- * E-mail:
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A classification framework for investigating neural correlates of the limit of stability during weight shifting in lower limb amputees. Neurocomputing 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neucom.2022.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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8
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Akbaş A, Marszałek W, Bacik B, Juras G. Two Aspects of Feedforward Control During a Fencing Lunge: Early and Anticipatory Postural Adjustments. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:638675. [PMID: 34194305 PMCID: PMC8236721 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.638675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated whether expertise in fencing influences the onset of postural preparation during the fencing lunge and how it changes under different performance conditions. We also questioned if the onset of feedforward control can be categorized into one of the postural phases: anticipatory or early postural adjustment. Eight elite fencers and nine physical education students performed an attack with a lunge in self-paced and reaction time conditions from three different initial stance widths. The onset of the center of pressure (COP) displacement and EMG activities for the tibialis anterior (TA) of both limbs were recorded. The results show that expertise in fencing delays the onset of the activity of TA of the front leg and the onset of COP displacement during fencing lunge performance in comparison to controls. Additionally, in contrast to the control group, fencers produce typical APA patterns in the activation of TA under different performance conditions, delayed reaction time in comparison to self-initiated lunging, and constant time of APA onset under different widths of stance. According to different times and functions of TA activity and COP displacement in lunging, we propose to address them as anticipatory postural adjustment and early postural adjustment, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Akbaş
- Department of Human Motor Behavior, Institute of Sport Sciences, Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Poland
| | - Wojciech Marszałek
- Department of Human Motor Behavior, Institute of Sport Sciences, Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Poland
| | - Bogdan Bacik
- Department of Human Motor Behavior, Institute of Sport Sciences, Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Juras
- Department of Human Motor Behavior, Institute of Sport Sciences, Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Poland
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Kasahara S, Saito H. Mechanisms of postural control in older adults based on surface electromyography data. Hum Mov Sci 2021; 78:102803. [PMID: 33962246 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2021.102803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study aimed to clarify the mechanisms of postural control during standing in older adults and document the mechanisms of age-related motor control based on changes in muscle activities. METHODS A total of 26 healthy male adults (older adult group, ≥65-78 years: n = 16; younger adult group, 20-23 years: n = 10) participated in this study. Ground reaction force and kinematic data of the lower limbs (hip, knee, and ankle), and electromyographic data from 6 postural muscles on the right side were recorded and quantified for each motor phase during rapid voluntary center of pressure (COP) shift. RESULTS Although hip strategy was more frequently observed in older adults than in young adults (56.3% vs. 20.0%), no muscle activity of hip agonists was observed in some (31.3%) older adults. Furthermore, older adults had a statistically significant delay in the inhibition of postural muscles during anticipatory postural adjustments (p < 0.05). After the onset of COP motion, the co-contraction time between agonists and antagonists was significantly prolonged in the older adults than in the younger adults (p < 0.05), and the reciprocal muscle pattern was unclear in the older adults. Prior to the termination of movement, agonist activity continued longer in the older adult group than in the younger adult group; that is, inhibition was insufficient in the older adult group. CONCLUSION A series of postural strategies during the voluntary movement task were altered in older adults, and this was significantly related not only with the activation but also the inhibition of postural muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Kasahara
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, West 5, North 12, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Saito
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Tokyo Kasei University, Inariyama2-15-1, Sayama 350-1398, Japan.
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Amici C, Ragni F, Piovanelli B, Buraschi R, Faglia R, Negrini S, Pollet J. Quantitative analysis of voluntary movement and anticipatory postural adjustments: a functional approach. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2021; 24:1660-1669. [PMID: 33797980 DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2021.1906866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Daily living activities and tasks like standing forward reaching present complex Anticipatory Postural Adjustments (APAs), and an objective, repeatable, subject- and task-dependent procedure to detect Voluntary Movements (VM) and APAs onsets is still missing. This paper proposes a new approach to the VMs study, based on a functional mechanical interpretation of the movement performing, which allows defining kinematic and dynamic APAs. A protocol for the identification of VMs and APAs onsets in the reaching movement is presented. Acquired data on 9 healthy young subjects enable a preliminary validation of this method suitability as support for an objective quantification of APAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Amici
- Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Federica Ragni
- Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | | | | | - Rodolfo Faglia
- Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Stefano Negrini
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy.,University of Milan "La Statale," Milan, Italy
| | - Joel Pollet
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan, Italy
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Sabashi K, Ishida T, Matsumoto H, Mikami K, Chiba T, Yamanaka M, Aoki Y, Tohyama H. Dynamic postural control correlates with activities of daily living and quality of life in patients with knee osteoarthritis. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2021; 22:287. [PMID: 33736640 PMCID: PMC7977169 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-021-04164-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Knee osteoarthritis (OA) negatively affects dynamic postural control, which is a basic function that individuals use to perform activities of daily living (ADL). The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations of center of pressure (COP) control during the transition from double-leg to single-leg standing with subjective assessments of ADL and quality of life (QOL) in patients with knee OA. Methods Thirty-six patients (29 females) with moderate-to-severe knee OA participated. Dynamic postural control was evaluated during the transition from double-leg to single-leg standing. Each patient stood on a force plate, lifted the less affected limb as fast as possible, and maintained single-leg standing with the more affected limb. The COP movements corresponding to anticipatory postural adjustment (APA) and transitional phases were assessed. The maximum displacement and peak velocity of the COP movements in the medial–lateral direction were calculated. The Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) was used for the subjective assessment of ADL and QOL. Pearson’s product correlation analysis was performed to investigate the associations of COP movements in the APA and transitional phases with KOOS-ADL and KOOS-QOL. Results In the APA phase, the maximum COP displacement was significantly correlated with KOOS-ADL (r = -0.353, P = 0.035) and KOOS-QOL (r = -0.379, P = 0.023). In the transitional phase, the maximum COP displacement and peak COP velocity were significantly correlated with KOOS-ADL (maximum displacement: r = 0.352, P = 0.035; peak velocity: r = 0.438, P = 0.008) and with KOOS-QOL (maximum displacement: r = 0.357, P = 0.032; peak velocity: r = 0.343, P = 0.040). Conclusions The present study showed that smaller COP movements in the APA phase and smaller and slower COP movements in the transitional phase correlated with poorer ADL and QOL conditions in patients with knee OA. These findings suggest that poor dynamic postural control is associated with poor ADL and QOL conditions in patients with moderate-to-severe medial knee OA. Conservative treatment for patients with knee OA may need to focus on dynamic postural control during the transition from double-leg to single-leg standing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kento Sabashi
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 5, Kita-ku, 060-0812, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Rehabilitation, Hokkaido University Hospital, Kita 14, Nishi 5, Kita-ku, 060-8648, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tomoya Ishida
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 5, Kita-ku, 060-0812, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Hisashi Matsumoto
- Department of Rehabilitation, Hokushin Orthopaedic Hospital, 1-5, Kita 8, Higashi 4, Higashi- ku, 060-0908, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Mikami
- Department of Rehabilitation, Hokushin Orthopaedic Hospital, 1-5, Kita 8, Higashi 4, Higashi- ku, 060-0908, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Chiba
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 5, Kita-ku, 060-0812, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Rehabilitation, Hokkaido University Hospital, Kita 14, Nishi 5, Kita-ku, 060-8648, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masanori Yamanaka
- Faculty of Health Science, Hokkaido Chitose College of Rehabilitation, Satomi 2-10, 066-0055, Chitose, Japan
| | - Yoshimitsu Aoki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hokushin Orthopaedic Hospital, 1-5, Kita 8, Higashi 4, Higashi-ku, 060-0908, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Harukazu Tohyama
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 5, Kita-ku, 060-0812, Sapporo, Japan
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12
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Aloraini SM, Glazebrook CM, Pooyania S, Sibley KM, Singer J, Passmore S. An external focus of attention compared to an internal focus of attention improves anticipatory postural adjustments among people post-stroke. Gait Posture 2020; 82:100-105. [PMID: 32911092 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2020.08.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People after stroke often have postural impairments that can increase their risk of falling. Anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) are changes in the activity of postural muscles prior to a voluntary movement in order to maintain vertical equilibrium. Previous research suggests that improving APAs leads to better postural control and reduces the risk of falls. Despite the importance of APAs and their impairment among people post-stroke, studies that aim to investigate methods for improving APAs are limited. Consistent evidence supports that an external focus of attention compared to an internal focus of attention, yields superior performance of motor skills that include postural control. RESEARCH QUESTION What are the effects of adopting different foci of attention on measures of APAs and movement parameters when performing a lower extremity Fitts' task among people post-stroke? METHODS Twelve individuals post-stroke performed a lower extremity stepping movement (Fitts' task) while adopting an external focus or an internal focus of attention in a within-subject design. A motion capture system was used to record participants' movement data. Custom software derived movement time (MT), peak velocity (PV), time to peak velocity (ttPV) and variability at endpoint (SDT). Electromyography was used to measure muscle activity and determine APAs onset and magnitude. For all dependent variables separate repeated measures ANOVAs were conducted to compare performance between foci of attention. RESULTS The results showed that an external focus of attention yielded significantly better performance on all outcome measures. The improvement in performance was seen in shorter MT, higher PV, shorter ttPV, smaller SDT, earlier APAs onset and more efficient APAs magnitude. SIGNIFICANCE The changes in outcome measures suggest that adopting an external focus of attention during postural tasks could be an effective strategy for improving balance control among people post-stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh M Aloraini
- Applied Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medical Rehabilitation, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Cheryl M Glazebrook
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Recreation Management, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Health, Leisure, and Human Performance Research Institute, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Sepideh Pooyania
- Section of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Kathryn M Sibley
- Health, Leisure, and Human Performance Research Institute, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Centre for Healthcare Innovation, University of Manitoba, Canada
| | - Jonathan Singer
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Recreation Management, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Health, Leisure, and Human Performance Research Institute, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Steven Passmore
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Recreation Management, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Health, Leisure, and Human Performance Research Institute, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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Caderby T, Caron N, Verkindt C, Bonazzi B, Dalleau G, Peyrot N. Obesity-related alterations in anticipatory postural mechanisms associated with gait initiation. Exp Brain Res 2020; 238:2557-2567. [DOI: 10.1007/s00221-020-05914-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Monopodal Postural Stability Assessment by Wireless Inertial Measurement Units Through the Fast Fourier Transform. J Sport Rehabil 2020; 29:738-747. [PMID: 31629327 DOI: 10.1123/jsr.2018-0399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES (1) To describe the fast Fourier transform (FFT) multijoint as monopodal postural stability measurement in well-trained athletes, (2) to compare the within-subject FFT between laterality, joints, and body segments, and (3) to establish the within- and between-subject relationship between joints. METHODS Twelve national-level basketball players participated voluntarily in this investigation. The participants performed two 60-second repetitions of a monopodal stability test (1 repetition with each lower limb), separated by 3 minutes of active recovery. All tests were recorded by 4 WIMU PRO™ inertial devices located on the ankle, knee, lumbar spine, and thoracic spine. The main variable was total acceleration, where the FFT was applied. RESULTS The higher instability results were found in the ankle and in the nondominant lower limb (dominant = 1.131 [0.122] a.u. (arbitrary units); nondominant = 1.141 [0.172] a.u). In the body segment analysis, the greater percentage of differences (%diff) were shown between lumbar spine and knee in the dominant (%diff = -2.989%; d = 0.87) and nondominant (%diff = -3.243%; d = 0.90) lower limb. Finally, very large between-subjects variability was found in all joints and body segments. CONCLUSIONS The described protocol is proposed for monopodal postural stability assessment, being useful to provide information about the stability of joints and the body segment between joints. Besides, a within-subject analysis is recommended, and the FFT calculation will enable a linear analysis of each test.
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Curuk E, Lee Y, Aruin AS. Individuals with stroke improve anticipatory postural adjustments after a single session of targeted exercises. Hum Mov Sci 2020; 69:102559. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2019.102559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Kasahara S, Saito H. The effect of aging on termination of voluntary movement while standing: A study on community-dwelling older adults. Hum Mov Sci 2019; 64:347-354. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Aloraini SM, Gelley G, Glazebrook C, Sibley KM, Singer J, Passmore S. Motor Behavior Concepts in the Study of Balance: A Scoping Review. J Mot Behav 2019; 52:97-121. [PMID: 30888258 DOI: 10.1080/00222895.2019.1582472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Previous research suggests that using Fitts' law; attentional focus or challenge point framework (CPF) is beneficial in balance control studies. A scoping review was conducted to examine studies that utilized these motor behavior concepts during balance control tasks. An extensive literature search was performed up to January 2018. Two independent reviewers conducted a study selection process followed by data extraction of the search results. Forty-six studies were identified, with 2 studies related to CPF, 12 studies related to Fitts' law and 32 studies related to focus of attention. The CPF appears to be a useful method for designing a progressive therapeutic program. Fitts' law can be used as a tool for controlling the difficulty of motor tasks. Focus of attention studies indicate that adopting an external focus of attention improves task performance. Overall, studies included in this review report benefit when using the selected motor behavior concepts. However, the majority (>80%) of studies included in the review involved healthy populations, with only three clinical trials. In order to ascertain the benefits of the selected motor behavior concepts in clinical settings, future research should focus on using these concepts for clinical trials to examine balance control among people with balance impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh M Aloraini
- Applied Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.,College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Geoffrey Gelley
- Applied Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Cheryl Glazebrook
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Recreation Management, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.,Health, Leisure, and Human Performance Research Institute, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Kathryn M Sibley
- Health, Leisure, and Human Performance Research Institute, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.,Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.,Centre for Healthcare Innovation, University of Manitobam, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Jonathan Singer
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Recreation Management, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.,Health, Leisure, and Human Performance Research Institute, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Steven Passmore
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Recreation Management, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.,Health, Leisure, and Human Performance Research Institute, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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Anticipatory postural adjustments during a Fitts' task: Comparing young versus older adults and the effects of different foci of attention. Hum Mov Sci 2019; 64:366-377. [PMID: 30856380 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2019.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) are an integral part of standing balance. Previous research with balance control has shown that adopting an external focus of attention, compared to an internal focus of attention, yields better performance during motor skills. Despite the importance of APAs, especially among older adults, and the potential benefits of adopting an external focus of attention, studies investigating methods for improving APAs are limited. The aim of this study was to compare behavioral, kinematic and APAs measures while adopting different foci of attention among young and older adults when performing a lower extremity Fitts' task. Ten young adults (mean age 24 years ± 4.37) and ten older adults (mean age 75 years ± 5.85) performed a lower-extremity reaching task (Fitts' task) while adopting an external focus (focus on target) and an internal focus (focus on limb) in a within-subject design. A motion capture system was used to record participants' movement data. Custom software derived movement time (MT), peak velocity (PV), time to peak velocity (ttPV) and variability at target (SDT). Electromyography (EMG) was used to determine APAs onset and magnitude. The findings showed that an external focus of attention led to significantly shorter MT, higher PV, shorter ttPV and more accuracy when reaching the target (SDT) for both age groups. Also, EMG results showed that, with an external focus, APAs onset occurred earlier and APAs magnitude was more efficient. As predicted by Fitts' Law, participants spent more time executing movements to targets with higher indices of difficulty. Older adults compared to young adults were more adversely affected by the increase of difficulty of the Fitts' task, specifically, on measures of APAs. In conclusion, adopting an external focus of attention led to better overall movement performance when performing a lower extremity Fitts' task. The task used in the present study can distinguish between APAs for older and young adults. We recommend that future studies expand on our findings in order to establish a performance-based objective measure of APAs to assess clinical interventions for postural control impairment.
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An Overview of the Physiology and Pathophysiology of Postural Control. BIOSYSTEMS & BIOROBOTICS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-72736-3_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Baldissera FG, Tesio L. APAs Constraints to Voluntary Movements: The Case for Limb Movements Coupling. Front Hum Neurosci 2017; 11:152. [PMID: 28408875 PMCID: PMC5374888 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2017.00152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
When rhythmically moving two limbs in either the same or in opposite directions, one coupling mode meets constraints that are absent in the other mode. Isodirectional (ISO) flexion-extensions of the ipsilateral hand and foot can be easily performed with either the hand prone or supine. Instead, antidirectional (ANTI) movements require attentive effort and irresistibly tend to reverse into ISO when frequency increases. Experimental evidence indicates that the direction dependent easy-difficult dichotomy is caused by interference of the anticipatory postural commands associated to movements of one limb with voluntary commands to the other limb. Excitability of the resting wrist muscles is subliminally modulated at the period of ipsilateral foot oscillations, being phase-opposite in the antagonists and distributed so as to facilitate ISO and obstacle ANTI coupling of the hand (either prone or supine) with the foot. Modulation is driven by cortical signals dispatched to the forearm simultaneously with the voluntary commands moving the foot. If right foot oscillations are performed when standing on the left foot with the right hand touching a fixed support, the subliminal excitability modulation is replaced by overt contractions of forearm muscles conforming the APAs features. This suggests that during hand-foot ANTI coupling the voluntary commands to forearm muscles are contrasted by APAs commands of opposite sign linked to foot oscillations. Correlation between the easy-difficult dichotomy and the APAs distribution is also found in coupled adduction-abduction of the arms or hands in the transverse plane and in coupled flexion-extension of the arms in the parasagittal plane. In all these movements, APAs commands linked to the movement of each limb reach the motor pathways to the contralateral muscles homologous to the prime movers and can interfere during coupling with their voluntary activation. APAs are also generated in postural muscles of trunk and lower limbs and size-increase when the movement frequency is incremented. The related increase in postural effort apparently contributes in destabilizing the difficult coupling mode. Motor learning may rely upon more effective APAs. APAs and focal contraction are entangled within the same voluntary action. Yet, neural diseases may selectively impair APAs, which represent a potential target for rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luigi Tesio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di MilanoMilan, Italy.,Department of Neuro-Rehabilitation Sciences, Istituto Auxologico Italiano-IRCCSMilan, Italy
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Antunes A, Carnide F, Matias R. Real-time kinematic biofeedback improves scapulothoracic control and performance during scapular-focused exercises: A single-blind randomized controlled laboratory study. Hum Mov Sci 2016; 48:44-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2016.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Center of Pressure Displacement of Standing Posture during Rapid Movements Is Reorganised Due to Experimental Lower Extremity Muscle Pain. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144933. [PMID: 26680777 PMCID: PMC4683030 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Postural control during rapid movements may be impaired due to musculoskeletal pain. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of experimental knee-related muscle pain on the center of pressure (CoP) displacement in a reaction time task condition. Methods Nine healthy males performed two reaction time tasks (dominant side shoulder flexion and bilateral heel lift) before, during, and after experimental pain induced in the dominant side vastus medialis or the tibialis anterior muscles by hypertonic saline injections. The CoP displacement was extracted from the ipsilateral and contralateral side by two force plates and the net CoP displacement was calculated. Results Compared with non-painful sessions, tibialis anterior muscle pain during the peak and peak-to-peak displacement for the CoP during anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) of the shoulder task reduced the peak-to-peak displacement of the net CoP in the medial-lateral direction (P<0.05). Tibialis anterior and vastus medialis muscle pain during shoulder flexion task reduced the anterior-posterior peak-to-peak displacement in the ipsilateral side (P<0.05). Conclusions The central nervous system in healthy individuals was sufficiently robust in maintaining the APA characteristics during pain, although the displacement of net and ipsilateral CoP in the medial-lateral and anterior-posterior directions during unilateral fast shoulder movement was altered.
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Techniques and Methods for Testing the Postural Function in Healthy and Pathological Subjects. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:891390. [PMID: 26640800 PMCID: PMC4659957 DOI: 10.1155/2015/891390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Revised: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The different techniques and methods employed as well as the different quantitative and qualitative variables measured in order to objectify postural control are often chosen without taking into account the population studied, the objective of the postural test, and the environmental conditions. For these reasons, the aim of this review was to present and justify the different testing techniques and methods with their different quantitative and qualitative variables to make it possible to precisely evaluate each sensory, central, and motor component of the postural function according to the experiment protocol under consideration. The main practical and technological methods and techniques used in evaluating postural control were explained and justified according to the experimental protocol defined. The main postural conditions (postural stance, visual condition, balance condition, and test duration) were also analyzed. Moreover, the mechanistic exploration of the postural function often requires implementing disturbing postural conditions by using motor disturbance (mechanical disturbance), sensory stimulation (sensory manipulation), and/or cognitive disturbance (cognitive task associated with maintaining postural balance) protocols. Each type of disturbance was tackled in order to facilitate understanding of subtle postural control mechanisms and the means to explore them.
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Larsen LH, Hirata RP, Graven-Nielsen T. Reorganized Trunk Muscle Activity During Multidirectional Floor Perturbations After Experimental Low Back Pain: A Comparison of Bilateral Versus Unilateral Pain. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2015; 17:223-35. [PMID: 26548972 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2015.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/25/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Low back pain changes trunk muscle activity after external perturbations but the relationship between pain intensities and distributions and their effect on trunk muscle activity remains unclear. The effects of unilateral and bilateral experimental low back pain on trunk muscle activity were compared during unpredictable multidirectional surface perturbations in 19 healthy participants. Pain intensity and distribution were assessed using a visual analogue scale (VAS) and pain drawings. Root mean square (RMS) of the electromyographic (EMG) signals from 6 trunk muscles bilaterally after each perturbation was extracted and averaged across perturbations. The difference (ΔRMS-EMG) and absolute difference (absolute ΔRMS-EMG) RMS from baseline conditions were extracted for each muscle during pain conditions and averaged bilaterally for back and abdominal muscle groups. Bilateral compared with unilateral pain induced higher VAS scores (P < .005) and larger pain areas (P < .001). Significant correlation was present between VAS scores and muscle activity during unilateral (P < .001) and bilateral pain (P < .001). Compared with control injections ΔRMS-EMG increased in the back (P < .03) and abdominal (P < .05) muscles during bilateral and decreased in the back (P < .01) and abdominal (P < .01) muscles during unilateral pain. Bilateral pain caused greater absolute ΔRMS-EMG changes in the back (P < .01) and abdominal (P < .01) muscle groups than unilateral pain. PERSPECTIVE This study provided novel observations of differential trunk muscle activity in response to perturbations dependent on pain intensity and/or pain distribution. Because of complex and variable changes the relevance of clinical examination of muscle activity during postural tasks is challenged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Henrik Larsen
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Center for Neuroplasticity and Pain (CNAP), SMI, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Physiotherapy, University College North Denmark, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Rogerio Pessoto Hirata
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Center for Neuroplasticity and Pain (CNAP), SMI, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Thomas Graven-Nielsen
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Center for Neuroplasticity and Pain (CNAP), SMI, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
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