Gao L, Xu Y, Weng LC, Tian ZG. A rare cause of persistent leukocytosis with massive splenomegaly: Myeloid neoplasm with BCR-PDGFRA rearrangement-Case report and literature review.
Medicine (Baltimore) 2022;
101:e29179. [PMID:
35713428 PMCID:
PMC9276081 DOI:
10.1097/md.0000000000029179]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE
Persistent leukocytosis with megalosplenia is a common manifestation among patients with myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN), especially for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients. Here, we report a rare case of myeloid neoplasm with BCR-PDGFRA rearrangement characterized by obvious elevation of leukocyte count and megalosplenia.
PATIENT CONCERNS
A 32-year-old man presented with persistent leukocytosis and megalosplenia.
DIAGNOSIS
This patient was characterized by increased leukocyte count and megalosplenia, and was clinically diagnosed as CML. However, the BCR/ABL fusion gene of the patient was negative, which did not support CML. Moreover, the results of the karyotype showed 46, XY, t(4;22)(q12;q11) and RT-PCR + Sanger detection showed positive PDGFA/BCR. Accordingly, the diagnosis of myeloid neoplasm with BCR-PDGFA rearrangement was confirmed.
INTERVENTIONS
This patient was initially received imatinib (400 mg) orally once a day, and the dosage was adjusted to 100 mg owing to suffering from grade IV bone marrow suppression.
OUTCOMES
Hematological remission was achieved after 2 weeks, the best treatment response was achieved after 3 months, and the main molecular biological response was achieved after 12 months.
LESSON
This case suggests that rare PDGFA fusion genes screening for patients comorbid with leukocytosis and megalosplenia is necessary to avoid misdiagnosis. Unlike other rearrangements of PDGFRA, the clinical manifestations of BCR-PDGFRA rearrangement are resembling CML without eosinophilia increase.
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