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Kumar S, Basu M, Ghosh MK. Chaperone-assisted E3 ligase CHIP: A double agent in cancer. Genes Dis 2022; 9:1521-1555. [PMID: 36157498 PMCID: PMC9485218 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2021.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The carboxy-terminus of Hsp70-interacting protein (CHIP) is a ubiquitin ligase and co-chaperone belonging to Ubox family that plays a crucial role in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis by switching the equilibrium of the folding-refolding mechanism towards the proteasomal or lysosomal degradation pathway. It links molecular chaperones viz. HSC70, HSP70 and HSP90 with ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS), acting as a quality control system. CHIP contains charged domain in between N-terminal tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) and C-terminal Ubox domain. TPR domain interacts with the aberrant client proteins via chaperones while Ubox domain facilitates the ubiquitin transfer to the client proteins for ubiquitination. Thus, CHIP is a classic molecule that executes ubiquitination for degradation of client proteins. Further, CHIP has been found to be indulged in cellular differentiation, proliferation, metastasis and tumorigenesis. Additionally, CHIP can play its dual role as a tumor suppressor as well as an oncogene in numerous malignancies, thus acting as a double agent. Here, in this review, we have reported almost all substrates of CHIP established till date and classified them according to the hallmarks of cancer. In addition, we discussed about its architectural alignment, tissue specific expression, sub-cellular localization, folding-refolding mechanisms of client proteins, E4 ligase activity, normal physiological roles, as well as involvement in various diseases and tumor biology. Further, we aim to discuss its importance in HSP90 inhibitors mediated cancer therapy. Thus, this report concludes that CHIP may be a promising and worthy drug target towards pharmaceutical industry for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunny Kumar
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), TRUE Campus, CN-6, Sector–V, Salt Lake, Kolkata- 700091 & 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Malini Basu
- Department of Microbiology, Dhruba Chand Halder College, Dakshin Barasat, South 24 Paraganas, West Bengal 743372, India
| | - Mrinal K. Ghosh
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), TRUE Campus, CN-6, Sector–V, Salt Lake, Kolkata- 700091 & 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
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2
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Jin H, Cui M. Recognition of potential therapeutic role of 2-hydroxy-3-methylanthraquinones in the treatment of gallbladder carcinoma: A proteomics analysis. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2021; 36:350-362. [PMID: 34850442 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Gallbladder carcinoma (GBC), with early metastasis and high recurrence rates, is an enormous threat to health. As an anthraquinones monomer of traditional Chinese medicine Hedyotis diffusa, 2-hydroxy-3-methylanthraquinone (HMA) has been reported to inhibit the growth of several cancers. But in our preliminary study, HMA could only weakly induce GBC cell apoptosis. To explore other possible mechanism underlying the inhibition effect of HMA on GBC, this proteomics analysis was performed. A proteomics analysis was performed on one GBC cell line bought from the China Life Science Cell Bank. Several computational techniques were merged to develop analysis for those differently expressed proteins. A comparative protein-protein interaction network analysis was carried out among the differently expressed proteins to identify the proteins potentially inhibiting GBC. Thus, a GO and KEGG analysis was performed to identify the signaling pathways underlying a potential therapeutic role for HMA. A total of 285 proteins were affected by HMA, including 187 upregulated and 98 downregulated. The subcellular localization of differently expressed proteins were identified, including 142 in nuclear, 67 in cytoplasm, 67 in extracellular matrix, 46 in plasma membrane, 13 in mitochondrion, 3 in lysosome, and 1 in cytoskeleton. HMA could regulate EGFR, FN1, PLG, PLAUR, LAMA3, HRG, THBS1, PLAT, KNG1, ENAM, SERPINE1, ECM1, interleukin-8, and trypsin in GBC. Most of the regulated proteins involve in cell migration. Pathways including PI3K-Akt, Wnt, HIF-1, focal adhesion, microRNAs were regulated by HMA. HMA was shown to be an inhibition agent for GBC development, and this analysis would contribute to the development of new anti-GBC drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Jin
- The Second Department of General Surgery, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China
| | - Min Cui
- Deputy Secretary of Party Committee, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China
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3
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Hua T, Liu S, Xin X, Jin Z, Liu Q, Chi S, Wang X, Wang H. Prognostic significance of L1 cell adhesion molecule in cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2018; 7:85196-85207. [PMID: 27833079 PMCID: PMC5356729 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) extensively participates in nervous system development and the malignant progression of human tumours. The prognostic value of L1CAM for the survival of patients with solid tumours remains controversial. The present meta-analysis was thus performed to highlight the relationship between L1CAM expression and prognosis in cancer patients. Relevant publications were identified after searching several widely used databases, including PubMed, EMBASE and the ISI Web of Science. A fixed-effect or random-effect meta-analytical model was employed to correlate L1CAM expression with different outcome measures in both entire tumours and stratified subgroups. 37 studies in total with 8552 patients were eligible for the final analysis. Combined hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) suggested that high L1CAM expression had an unfavourable impact on overall survival (HR=2.06, 95%CI 1.65-2.57, P<0.001), disease-specific survival (HR=2.45, 95%CI 1.48-4.05, P<0.001), disease-free survival (HR=2.42, 95%CI 1.4-4.19, P=0.002) and progression-free survival/recurrence-free survival (HR=2.07, 95%CI 1.41-3.05, P<0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed a similar correlation in most tumour types. Overall, L1CAM might be an effective poor prognostic factor for patients with various tumour types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Hua
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, PR China
| | - Shuangge Liu
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Xin
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, PR China
| | - Zhishan Jin
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, PR China
| | - Qibin Liu
- Department of Surgery, Wuhan Pulmonary Hospital, Wuhan 430000, PR China
| | - Shuqi Chi
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, PR China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, PR China
| | - Hongbo Wang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, PR China
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4
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Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in gallbladder cancer: from clinical evidence to cellular regulatory networks. Cell Death Discov 2017; 3:17069. [PMID: 29188076 PMCID: PMC5702855 DOI: 10.1038/cddiscovery.2017.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 08/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Gallbladder cancer (GBC), with late diagnosis, rapid disease progression and early metastasis, is a highly aggressive malignant tumor found worldwide. Patients with GBC have poor survival, low curative resection rates and early recurrence. For such a lethal tumor, uncovering the mechanisms and exploring new strategies to prevent tumor progression and metastasis are critically important. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has a prominent role in the early steps of tumor progression and metastasis by initiating polarized epithelial cell transition into motile mesenchymal cells. Accumulating evidence suggests that EMT can be modulated by the cooperation of multiple mechanisms affecting common targets. Signaling pathways, transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation and epigenetic alterations are involved in the stepwise EMT regulatory network in GBC. Loss of epithelial markers, acquisition of mesenchymal markers and dysregulation of EMT-inducing transcription factors (EMT-TFs) have been observed and are associated with the clinicopathology and prognosis of GBC patients. Therefore, EMT may be a detectable and predictable event for predicting GBC progression and metastasis in the clinic. In this review, we will provide an overview of EMT from the clinical evidence to cellular regulatory networks that have been studied thus far in clinical and basic GBC studies.
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Schrevel M, Corver WE, Vegter ME, Ter Haar NT, Dreef EJ, Beltman JJ, Kenter G, Bosse T, de Kroon CD, Jordanova ES. L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) is a strong predictor for locoregional recurrences in cervical cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:87568-87581. [PMID: 29152102 PMCID: PMC5675654 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) has been shown to be a prognostic marker in various cancer types, and has been suggested to play a role in epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT). Here, we determined the prognostic significance of L1CAM in cervical cancer and its association with vimentin expression on tumor cells, indicative of EMT. Methods Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded primary tumor samples from 372 cervical cancer patients were collected for immunohistochemical analysis of L1CAM expression. In 109 FFPE specimens, the percentage of vimentin expressing tumor cells was determined by flow cytometry. Results Positive L1CAM expression (≥10% of tumor cells) was associated with disease-free survival, validated using RNAseq TCGA data. L1CAM expression was independently associated with locoregional recurrence-free survival (hazard ratio 2.62, 95% CI 1.33 – 5.17, P = 0.006), and strongly associated with percentage of vimentin expressing tumor cells (P = 0.003). Expression of both L1CAM and vimentin indicated a subgroup with the highest risk of recurrence (hazard ratio 3.15, 95% CI 1.25 – 7.92, P = 0.015). Conclusion L1CAM might be a promising new prognostic marker for locoregional recurrences in cervical cancer, and its association with vimentin expression suggests that L1CAM might affect tumor aggressiveness, possibly through EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlies Schrevel
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Department of Gynecology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Willem E Corver
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Margit E Vegter
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Natalja T Ter Haar
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Enno J Dreef
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jogchum J Beltman
- Department of Gynecology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gemma Kenter
- Department of Gynecology, VUmc, Centre for Gynecologic Oncology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tjalling Bosse
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis D de Kroon
- Department of Gynecology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ekaterina S Jordanova
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Department of Gynecology, VUmc, Centre for Gynecologic Oncology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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6
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Jo DH, Lee K, Kim JH, Jun HO, Kim Y, Cho YL, Yu YS, Min JK, Kim JH. L1 increases adhesion-mediated proliferation and chemoresistance of retinoblastoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:15441-15452. [PMID: 28061460 PMCID: PMC5362498 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinoblastoma is the most common intraocular cancer in children, affecting 1/20,000 live births. Currently, children with retinoblastoma were treated with chemotherapy using drugs such as carboplatin, vincristine, and etoposide. Unfortunately, if conventional treatment fails, the affected eyes should be removed to prevent extension into adjacent tissues and metastasis. This study is to investigate the roles of L1 in adhesion-mediated proliferation and chemoresistance of retinoblastoma. L1 was differentially expressed in 30 retinoblastoma tissues and 2 retinoblastoma cell lines. Furthermore, the proportions of L1-positive cells in retinoblastoma tumors were negatively linked with the number of Flexner-Wintersteiner rosettes, a characteristic of differentiated retinoblastoma tumors, in each tumor sample. Following in vitro experiments using L1-deleted and -overexpressing cells showed that L1 increased adhesion-mediated proliferation of retinoblastoma cells via regulation of cell cycle-associated proteins with modulation of Akt, extracellular signal-regulated kinase, and p38 pathways. In addition, L1 increased resistance against carboplatin, vincristine, and esoposide through up-regulation of apoptosis- and multidrug resistance-related genes. In vivo tumor formation and chemoresistance were also positively linked with the levels of L1 in an orthotopic transplantation model in mice. In this manner, L1 increases adhesion-mediated proliferation and chemoresistance of retinoblastoma. Targeted therapy to L1 might be effective in the treatment of retinoblastoma tumors, especially which rapidly proliferate and demonstrate resistance to conventional chemotherapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hyun Jo
- Fight against Angiogenesis-Related Blindness (FARB) Laboratory, Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Tumor Microenvironment Research Center, Global Core Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungmin Lee
- Biotherapeutics Translational Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomolecular Science, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hyoung Kim
- Fight against Angiogenesis-Related Blindness (FARB) Laboratory, Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Tumor Microenvironment Research Center, Global Core Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung Oh Jun
- Fight against Angiogenesis-Related Blindness (FARB) Laboratory, Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Tumor Microenvironment Research Center, Global Core Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Younghoon Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Lai Cho
- Department of Chemistry, Dongguk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Suk Yu
- Fight against Angiogenesis-Related Blindness (FARB) Laboratory, Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Ki Min
- Biotherapeutics Translational Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomolecular Science, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hun Kim
- Fight against Angiogenesis-Related Blindness (FARB) Laboratory, Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Tumor Microenvironment Research Center, Global Core Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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7
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Sharma A, Sharma KL, Gupta A, Yadav A, Kumar A. Gallbladder cancer epidemiology, pathogenesis and molecular genetics: Recent update. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:3978-3998. [PMID: 28652652 PMCID: PMC5473118 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i22.3978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 226] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2016] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gallbladder cancer is a malignancy of biliary tract which is infrequent in developed countries but common in some specific geographical regions of developing countries. Late diagnosis and deprived prognosis are major problems for treatment of gallbladder carcinoma. The dramatic associations of this orphan cancer with various genetic and environmental factors are responsible for its poorly defined pathogenesis. An understanding to the relationship between epidemiology, molecular genetics and pathogenesis of gallbladder cancer can add new insights to its undetermined pathophysiology. Present review article provides a recent update regarding epidemiology, pathogenesis, and molecular genetics of gallbladder cancer. We systematically reviewed published literature on gallbladder cancer from online search engine PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed). Various keywords used for retrieval of articles were Gallbladder, cancer Epidemiology, molecular genetics and bullion operators like AND, OR, NOT. Cross references were manually searched from various online search engines (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed,https://scholar.google.co.in/, http://www.medline.com/home.jsp). Most of the articles published from 1982 to 2015 in peer reviewed journals have been included in this review.
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8
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Combination of anti-L1 cell adhesion molecule antibody and gemcitabine or cisplatin improves the therapeutic response of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0170078. [PMID: 28166242 PMCID: PMC5293259 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma has a poor prognosis and is refractory to conventional chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Improving survival of patients with advanced cholangiocarcinoma urgently requires the development of new effective targeted therapies in combination with chemotherapy. We previously developed a human monoclonal antibody (mAb) Ab417 that binds to both the human and mouse L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) with high affinities. In the present study, we observed that Ab417 exhibited tumor targeting ability in biodistribution studies and dose-dependent tumor growth inhibition in an intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (Choi-CK) xenograft mouse model. Regarding the mechanism of action, Ab417 was internalized into the tumor cells and thereby down-regulated membrane L1CAM, and inhibited tumor growth by reducing tumor cell proliferation in vivo. Gemcitabine inhibited the tumor growth in a dose-dependent manner in the Choi-CK xenograft model. However, cisplatin inhibited the tumor growth moderately and not in a dose-dependent way, suggesting that the tumors may have developed resistance to apoptosis induced by cisplatin. Combined treatment with Ab417 and gemcitabine or cisplatin exerted enhanced tumor growth inhibition compared to treatment with antibody or drug alone. The results suggest that Ab417 in combination with chemotherapy may have potential as a new therapeutic regimen for cholangiocarcinoma. Our study is the first to show an enhanced therapeutic effect of a therapeutic antibody targeting L1CAM in combination with chemotherapy in cholangiocarcinoma models.
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9
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Pechriggl EJ, Concin N, Blumer MJ, Bitsche M, Zwierzina M, Dudas J, Koziel K, Altevogt P, Zeimet AG, Fritsch H. L1CAM in the Early Enteric and Urogenital System. J Histochem Cytochem 2016; 65:21-32. [PMID: 28026654 DOI: 10.1369/0022155416677241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) is a transmembrane molecule belonging to the L1 protein family. It has shown to be a key player in axonal guidance in the course of neuronal development. Furthermore, L1CAM is also crucial for the establishment of the enteric and urogenital organs and is aberrantly expressed in cancer originating in these organs. Carcinogenesis and embryogenesis follow a lot of similar molecular pathways, but unfortunately, comprehensive data on L1CAM expression and localization in human developing organs are lacking so far. In the present study we, therefore, examined the spatiotemporal distribution of L1CAM in the early human fetal period (weeks 8-12 of gestation) by means of immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization (ISH). In the epithelia of the gastrointestinal organs, L1CAM localization cannot be observed in the examined stages most likely due to their advanced polarization and differentiation. Despite these results, our ISH data indicate weak L1CAM expression, but only in few epithelial cells. The genital tracts, however, are distinctly L1CAM positive throughout the entire fetal period. We, therefore, conclude that in embryogenesis L1CAM is crucial for further differentiation of epithelia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Judith Pechriggl
- Division of Clinical and Functional Anatomy, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology (EJP, MJB, MB, MZ, HF), Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Nicole Concin
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (NC, KK, A-GZ), Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michael J Blumer
- Division of Clinical and Functional Anatomy, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology (EJP, MJB, MB, MZ, HF), Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Mario Bitsche
- Division of Clinical and Functional Anatomy, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology (EJP, MJB, MB, MZ, HF), Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Marit Zwierzina
- Division of Clinical and Functional Anatomy, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology (EJP, MJB, MB, MZ, HF), Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jozsef Dudas
- Department of Otolaryngology (JD), Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Katarzyna Koziel
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (NC, KK, A-GZ), Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Peter Altevogt
- Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany (PA).,Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karl University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (PA)
| | - Alain-Gustave Zeimet
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (NC, KK, A-GZ), Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Helga Fritsch
- Division of Clinical and Functional Anatomy, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology (EJP, MJB, MB, MZ, HF), Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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10
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Van Gool IC, Stelloo E, Nout RA, Nijman HW, Edmondson RJ, Church DN, MacKay HJ, Leary A, Powell ME, Mileshkin L, Creutzberg CL, Smit VTHBM, Bosse T. Prognostic significance of L1CAM expression and its association with mutant p53 expression in high-risk endometrial cancer. Mod Pathol 2016; 29:174-81. [PMID: 26743472 DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2015.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Studies in early-stage, predominantly low- and intermediate-risk endometrial cancer have demonstrated that L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) overexpression identifies patients at increased risk of recurrence, yet its prognostic significance in high-risk endometrial cancer is unclear. To evaluate this, its frequency, and the relationship of L1CAM with the established endometrial cancer biomarker p53, we analyzed the expression of both markers by immunohistochemistry in a pilot series of 116 endometrial cancers (86 endometrioid, 30 non-endometrioid subtype) with high-risk features (such as high tumor grade and deep myometrial invasion) and correlated results with clinical outcome. We used The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) endometrial cancer series to validate our findings. Using the previously reported cutoff of 10% positive staining, 51/116 (44%) tumors were classified as L1CAM-positive, with no significant association between L1CAM positivity and the rate of distant metastasis (P=0.195). However, increasing the threshold for L1CAM positivity to 50% resulted in a reduction of the frequency of L1CAM-positive tumors to 24% (28/116), and a significant association with the rate of distant metastasis (P=0.018). L1CAM expression was strongly associated with mutant p53 in the high-risk and TCGA series (P<0.001), although a substantial fraction (36% of endometrioid, 10% of non-endometrioid morphology) of p53-mutant endometrial cancers displayed <10% L1CAM positivity. Moreover, 30% of p53-wild-type non-endometrioid endometrial cancers demonstrated diffuse L1CAM staining, suggesting p53-independent mechanisms of L1CAM overexpression. In conclusion, the previously proposed threshold for L1CAM positivity of >10% does not predict prognosis in high-risk endometrial cancer, whereas an alternative threshold (>50%) does. L1CAM expression is strongly, but not universally, associated with mutant p53, and may be strong enough for clinical implementation as prognostic marker in combination with p53. The high frequency of L1CAM expression in high-risk endometrial cancers suggests that it may also be a promising therapeutic target in this tumor subset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inge C Van Gool
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ellen Stelloo
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Remi A Nout
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hans W Nijman
- Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Richard J Edmondson
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, St Marys Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - David N Church
- Molecular and Population Genetics Laboratory, The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Oxford Cancer Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Helen J MacKay
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Princess Margaret Hospital/University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alexandra Leary
- Department of Medicine, Gynecology Unit, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Melanie E Powell
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Linda Mileshkin
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Carien L Creutzberg
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent T H B M Smit
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Tjalling Bosse
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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11
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Cho S, Park I, Kim H, Jeong MS, Lim M, Lee ES, Kim JH, Kim S, Hong HJ. Generation, characterization and preclinical studies of a human anti-L1CAM monoclonal antibody that cross-reacts with rodent L1CAM. MAbs 2016; 8:414-25. [PMID: 26785809 PMCID: PMC5037990 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2015.1125067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) is aberrantly expressed in malignant tumors and plays important roles in tumor progression. Thus, L1CAM could serve as a therapeutic target and anti-L1CAM antibodies may have potential as anticancer agents. However, L1CAM is expressed in neural cells and the druggability of anti-L1AM antibody must be validated at the earliest stages of preclinical study. Here, we generated a human monoclonal antibody that is cross-reactive with mouse L1CAM and evaluated its pharmacokinetic properties and anti-tumor efficacy in rodent models. First, we selected an antibody (Ab4) that binds human and mouse L1CAM from the human naïve Fab library using phage display, then increased its affinity 45-fold through mutation of 3 residues in the complementarity-determining regions (CDRs) to generate Ab4M. Next, the affinity of Ab4M was increased 1.8-fold by yeast display of single-chain variable fragment containing randomly mutated light chain CDR3 to generate Ab417. The affinities (KD) of Ab417 for human and mouse L1CAM were 0.24 nM and 79.16 pM, respectively. Ab417 specifically bound the Ig5 domain of L1CAM and did not exhibit off-target activity, but bound to the peripheral nerves embedded in normal human tissues as expected in immunohistochemical analysis. In a pharmacokinetics study, the mean half-life of Ab417 was 114.49 h when a single dose (10 mg/kg) was intravenously injected into SD rats. Ab417 significantly inhibited tumor growth in a human cholangiocarcinoma xenograft nude mouse model and did not induce any adverse effect in in vivo studies. Thus, Ab417 may have potential as an anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seulki Cho
- a Department of Functional Genomics , University of Science & Technology , Daejeon , Korea.,b Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University , Chuncheon , Korea
| | - Insoo Park
- c Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology , Daejeon , Korea
| | - Haejung Kim
- b Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University , Chuncheon , Korea
| | - Mun Sik Jeong
- d Department of Systems Immunology , Kangwon National University , Chuncheon , Korea
| | - Mooney Lim
- d Department of Systems Immunology , Kangwon National University , Chuncheon , Korea
| | - Eung Suk Lee
- b Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University , Chuncheon , Korea
| | - Jin Hong Kim
- b Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University , Chuncheon , Korea
| | - Semi Kim
- c Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology , Daejeon , Korea
| | - Hyo Jeong Hong
- b Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University , Chuncheon , Korea.,d Department of Systems Immunology , Kangwon National University , Chuncheon , Korea
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Gallbladder Cancer in the 21st Century. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2015; 2015:967472. [PMID: 26421012 PMCID: PMC4569807 DOI: 10.1155/2015/967472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2015] [Revised: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is an uncommon disease in the majority of the world despite being the most common and aggressive malignancy of the biliary tree. Early diagnosis is essential for improved prognosis; however, indolent and nonspecific clinical presentations with a paucity of pathognomonic/predictive radiological features often preclude accurate identification of GBC at an early stage. As such, GBC remains a highly lethal disease, with only 10% of all patients presenting at a stage amenable to surgical resection. Among this select population, continued improvements in survival during the 21st century are attributable to aggressive radical surgery with improved surgical techniques. This paper reviews the current available literature of the 21st century on PubMed and Medline to provide a detailed summary of the epidemiology and risk factors, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, radiology, pathology, management, and prognosis of GBC.
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13
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Altevogt P, Doberstein K, Fogel M. L1CAM in human cancer. Int J Cancer 2015; 138:1565-76. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Altevogt
- Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany and Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology; University Medical Center Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karl University of Heidelberg; Mannheim Germany
| | - Kai Doberstein
- Ovarian Cancer Research Center, Perelman School of Medicine; University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, PA
| | - Mina Fogel
- Central Laboratories; Kaplan Medical Center; Rehovot Israel
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Weledji EP, Assob JC. The ubiquitous neural cell adhesion molecule (N-CAM). Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2014; 3:77-81. [PMID: 25568792 PMCID: PMC4284440 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2014.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Revised: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Adhesive interactions are important for cell trafficking, differentiation, function and tissue differentiation. Neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) is involved in a diverse range of contact-mediated interactions among neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and myotubes. It is widely but transiently expressed in many tissues early in embryogenesis. Four main isoforms exist but there are many other variants resulting from alternative splicing and post-translational modifications. This review discusses the actions and association of N-CAM and variants, PSA CAM. L1CAM and receptor tyrosine kinase. Their interactions with the interstitial cells of Cajal – the pacemaker cells of the gut in the manifestation of gut motility disorders, expression in carcinomas and mesenchymal tumours are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elroy P Weledji
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Cameroon
| | - Jules C Assob
- Biochemistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Cameroon
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A standardized staining protocol for L1CAM on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues using automated platforms. Int J Biol Markers 2014; 29:e180-3. [PMID: 24242293 DOI: 10.5301/jbm.5000055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) is overexpressed in many human cancers and can serve as a biomarker for prognosis in most of these cancers (including type I endometrial carcinomas). Here we provide an optimized immunohistochemical staining procedure for a widely used automated platform (VENTANA™), which has recourse to commercially available primary antibody and detection reagents. In parallel, we optimized the staining on a semi-automated BioGenix (i6000)
immunostainer. These protocols yield good stainings and should represent the basis for a reliable and standardized immunohistochemical detection of L1CAM in a variety of malignancies in different laboratories.
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Diverse roles of C-terminal Hsp70-interacting protein (CHIP) in tumorigenesis. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2013; 140:189-97. [DOI: 10.1007/s00432-013-1571-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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17
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Wang YY, Li L, Zhao ZS, Wang YX, Ye ZY, Tao HQ. L1 and epithelial cell adhesion molecules associated with gastric cancer progression and prognosis in examination of specimens from 601 patients. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2013; 32:66. [PMID: 24422715 PMCID: PMC3850006 DOI: 10.1186/1756-9966-32-66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2013] [Accepted: 09/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) and epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EPCAM) have been implicated in the development and progression of gastric cancer. The present study investigated the clinical significance of L1CAM and EPCAM in the development, progression and prognosis of gastric cancer. Methods Expression of L1CAM and EPCAM were examined immunochemically in 601 clinicopathologically characterized gastric cancer cases. Results L1CAM protein was detected in 23.9% of human non-tumor mucosa samples. All samples expressed L1CAM protein at low levels. High expression of L1CAM protein was detected in 163 (27.1%) tumors. Expression of L1CAM correlated with age, tumor location, size of tumors, Lauren’s classification, depth of invasion, lymph node and distant metastases, regional lymph node stage, Tumor-Node-Metastasis (TNM) stage and prognosis. EPCAM protein was detected in 45.7% of human non-tumor mucosa samples. All samples expressed EPCAM protein at low levels. High expression of EPCAM protein was detected in 247 (41.1%) tumors. Expression of EPCAM correlated with age, tumor location, size of tumors, Lauren’s classification, depth of invasion, lymph node and distant metastases, regional lymph node stage, TNM stage and prognosis. Cumulative 5-year survival rates of patients with high expression of both L1CAM and EPCAM were significantly lower than in patients with low expression of both. Conclusions Expression of L1CAM and EPCAM in gastric cancer was significantly associated with lymph node and distant metastasis, and poor prognosis. L1CAM and EPCAM proteins could be useful markers to predict tumor progression and prognosis.
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Liang ZL, Kim M, Huang SM, Lee HJ, Kim JM. Expression of carboxyl terminus of Hsp70-interacting protein (CHIP) indicates poor prognosis in human gallbladder carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2013; 5:813-818. [PMID: 23426273 PMCID: PMC3576222 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2013.1138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2012] [Accepted: 12/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) is a lethal neoplasm, and new prognostic markers are required. Deregulation of E3 ligases contributes to cancer development and is associated with poor prognosis. Carboxyl terminus of heat shock protein 70-interacting protein (CHIP) is a U-box-type E3 ubiquitin ligase, the role of which has not been evaluated in GBC. Therefore, the present study investigated CHIP expression in GBC and its prognostic significance. In the present study, CHIP expression was measured in 78 tumor specimens of GBC by immunohistochemistry and the correlation between CHIP expression and clinicopathological factors was analyzed. Of the tumor specimens, 26.9% showed high staining intensity [the CHIP high expression group (HEG)]. The CHIP-HEG was not associated with other common clinicopathological parameters, including T stage, and lymph node and distant metastases. CHIP-HEG patients had a significantly worse prognosis than patients with low CHIP expression with median cancer-specific survival times of 8.0 months (range, 1-34 months) and 13.0 months (range, 1-110 months), respectively (P=0.023). Multivariate analyses showed that CHIP expression was close to being an independent risk factor for predicting patient survival. CHIP expression may be associated with a poor prognosis in GBC. Since CHIP is not associated with other clinicopathological prognostic factors, it may serve as an ideal molecular marker for predicting patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Long Liang
- Departments of Pathology and Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Jung-Gu, Daejeon 301-131, Republic of Korea
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Lee ES, Jeong MS, Singh R, Jung J, Yoon H, Min JK, Kim KH, Hong HJ. A chimeric antibody to L1 cell adhesion molecule shows therapeutic effect in an intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma model. Exp Mol Med 2012; 44:293-302. [PMID: 22248567 PMCID: PMC3349911 DOI: 10.3858/emm.2012.44.4.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), a malignant tumor derived from the intrahepatic bile duct epithelium, has a poor prognosis and is refractory to conventional chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop new effective therapeutic strategies for this disease. We previously found that L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) plays an important role in tumor progression of ICC, and we generated a murine mAb, A10-A3 (IgG1), that binds to the Ig1 domain of L1CAM. In the present study, we further characterized A10-A3, constructed a chimeric A10-A3 antibody (cA10-A3) containing the constant regions of human IgG1, and evaluated the therapeutic potential in a human ICC xenograft nude mice model. The affinities (KD) of A10-A3 and cA10-A3 for soluble L1CAM were 1.8 nM and 1.9 nM, respectively, as determined by competition ELISA. A10-A3 inhibited L1CAM homophilic binding and was slowly internalized into the tumor cells, but it did not significantly inhibit proliferation of ICC cells in vitro. cA10-A3 mediated antibody- dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity in vitro and displayed anti-tumor activity in the ICC animal model. These results suggest that the humanized A10-A3 antibody may have potential as an anticancer agent for the treatment of ICC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eung Suk Lee
- Department of Systems Immunology and Institute of Antibody Research, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea
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Guo X, Xiong L, Zou L, Sun T, Zhang J, Li H, Peng R, Zhao J. L1 cell adhesion molecule overexpression in hepatocellular carcinoma associates with advanced tumor progression and poor patient survival. Diagn Pathol 2012; 7:96. [PMID: 22888955 PMCID: PMC3487736 DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-7-96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2012] [Accepted: 08/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM), as a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, has recently been observed in a variety of human malignancies. However, no data of L1CAM are available for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of L1CAM in HCC and determine its correlation with tumor progression and prognosis. Methods One-hundred and thirty HCC patients who had undergone curative liver resection were selected and immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, and quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR) were performed to analyze L1CAM expression in the respective tumors. Results Immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, and Q-PCR consistently confirmed the overexpression of L1CAM in HCC tissues compared with their adjacent nonneoplastic tissues at both protein and gene level (both P <0.01). Additionally, the high expression of L1CAM was significantly associated with advanced tumor stage (P = 0.02) and advanced tumor grade (P = 0.03), respectively. Moreover, HCC patients with high L1CAM expression were significantly associated with lower 5-year overall survival (P <0.01) and lower 5-year disease-free survival (P <0.01), respectively. The Cox proportional hazards model further showed that L1CAM over-expression was an independent poor prognostic factor for both 5-year disease-free survival (P = 0.02) and 5-year overall survival (P = 0.008) in HCC. Conclusion Our data suggest for the first time that L1CAM expression in HCC was significantly correlated with the advanced tumor progression and was an independent poor prognostic factor for both overall survival and disease-free survival in patients with HCC. Virtual slides The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1970024872761542
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Guo
- Postgraduate Medical School of PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
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