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Dolatkhah R, Dastgiri S, Eftekhar Sadat AT, Farassati F, Nezamdoust M, Somi MH. Impact of RAS/RAF mutations on clinical and prognostic outcomes in metastatic colorectal cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 11:5-14. [PMID: 33469503 PMCID: PMC7803924 DOI: 10.34172/bi.2021.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
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Introduction: Early-activated RAS/RAF mutation status is a key molecular finding in colorectal cancer (CRC), while these mutations have been proposed as predictive and prognostic biomarkers. The present study has been designed as a longitudinal study to evaluate and summarize the different genotypes of metastatic CRC (mCRC), and assessing any association with the disease prognosis and clinicopathological characteristics. This study was performed in two main referral hospitals of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, over three years (2016-2018).
Methods: Mutations were detected by Idylla tests of KRAS/NRAS/BRAF among a total of 173 mCRCs, using surgically-resected specimens or biopsied samples. To evaluate the factors associated with overall survival (OS) and prognosis, the Cox proportional hazards model was used in two steps to estimate the outcome measures (hazard ratio, or HR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI).
Results: The nominal 1 to 5-year OS rates were 78%, 65%, 55%, 46%, and 42%, respectively. KRAS mutations in codon 12 was an independent significant prognostic factor, as the patients with codon 12 mutations had a significantly lower OS (P Log-rank=0.049) and a higher hazard of mortality (HR=2.30; 95% CI: 0.95-5.58; P =0.066). Also, the mCRC patients with liver metastasis (HR=2.49; 95% CI: 1.49-12.52; P =0.002) and tumors of the distal colon (HR=3.36; 95% CI: 1.07-10.49; P =0.037) had a significantly worse prognosis.
Conclusion: KRAS
mutation in codon 12 was an independent significant poor prognostic factor, and patients with liver metastasis had a significantly worse prognosis. Routinely performing specific oncogenic tests may help improve the patients’ prognosis and life expectancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roya Dolatkhah
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeed Dastgiri
- Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Taher Eftekhar Sadat
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Faris Farassati
- Midwest Biomedical Research Foundation, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | | | - Mohammad Hossein Somi
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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AlSahlawi A, Aljelaify R, Magrashi A, AlSaeed M, Almutairi A, Alqubaishi F, Alturkistani A, AlObaid A, Abouelhoda M, AlMubarak L, AlTassan N, Abedalthagafi M. New insights into the genomic landscape of meningiomas identified FGFR3 in a subset of patients with favorable prognoses. Oncotarget 2019; 10:5549-5559. [PMID: 31565188 PMCID: PMC6756861 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: With a prevalence of 170 000 adults in the US alone, meningiomas are the most common primary intracranial tumors. The management of skull base meningiomas is challenging due to their complexity and proximity to crucial nearby structures. The identification of oncogenic mutations has provided further insights into the tumorigenesis of meningioma and the possibility of targeted therapy.
This study aimed to further investigate the association of mutational profiles with anatomical distribution, histological subtype, WHO grade, and recurrence in patients with meningioma. Methods: Tissue samples were collected from 71 patients diagnosed with meningioma from 2008 to 2016. A total of 51 cases were skull based. Samples were subjected to targeted sequencing using a next generation customized cancer gene panel (n = 66 genes analyzed).
Results: We detected genomic alterations (GAs) in 68 tumors, averaging 1.56 ± 1.07 genomic alterations (GAs) per sample. NF2 was the most frequently altered gene (36/71 cases). Interestingly, we identified a number of mutations in non-NF2 genes, including a hotspot TERTp c.−124: G > A mutation that may be related to poor prognosis and FGFR3 mutations that may represent biomarkers of a favorable prognosis as reported in other cancers.
Conclusions: We demonstrate that comprehensive genomic profiling in our population can reveal a potential new prognostic biomarkers of skull base meningioma. These mutations can enhance diagnostic accuracy and clinical decision-making. Among our findings were the identification of a TERTp mutation and the first report of FGFR3 mutations that may represent biomarkers for the identification of skull base meningioma patients with a favorable prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysha AlSahlawi
- Genomics Research Department, Saudi Human Genome Project, King Fahad Medical City and King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Canada.,Neurosurgery Department, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rasha Aljelaify
- Genomics Research Department, Saudi Human Genome Project, King Fahad Medical City and King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Saudi Human Genome Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amna Magrashi
- Genetics Department, King Faisal Specialists Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mariam AlSaeed
- Genomics Research Department, Saudi Human Genome Project, King Fahad Medical City and King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Saudi Human Genome Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal Almutairi
- Genomics Research Department, Saudi Human Genome Project, King Fahad Medical City and King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Saudi Human Genome Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatimah Alqubaishi
- Genomics Research Department, Saudi Human Genome Project, King Fahad Medical City and King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Saudi Human Genome Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Abdullah AlObaid
- Neurosurgery Department, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Abouelhoda
- Saudi Human Genome Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Genetics Department, King Faisal Specialists Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Latifa AlMubarak
- Genomics Research Department, Saudi Human Genome Project, King Fahad Medical City and King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Saudi Human Genome Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada AlTassan
- Saudi Human Genome Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Genetics Department, King Faisal Specialists Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Malak Abedalthagafi
- Genomics Research Department, Saudi Human Genome Project, King Fahad Medical City and King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Genetics Department, King Faisal Specialists Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Ravegnini G, Sammarini G, Moran S, Calice G, Indio V, Urbini M, Astolfi A, Zanotti F, Pantaleo MA, Hrelia P, Angelini S. Mechanisms of resistance to a PI3K inhibitor in gastrointestinal stromal tumors: an omic approach to identify novel druggable targets. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:6229-6244. [PMID: 31308757 PMCID: PMC6615718 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s189661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) represent a worldwide paradigm of target therapy. The introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors has deeply changed the prognosis of GIST patients, however, the majority of them acquire secondary mutations and progress. Unfortunately, besides tyrosine-kinase inhibitors, no other therapeutic options are available. Therefore, it is mandatory to identify novel molecules and/or strategies to overcome the inevitable resistance. In this context, after promising preclinical data on the novel PI3K inhibitor BYL719, the NCT01735968 trial in GIST patients who had previously failed treatment with imatinib and sunitinib started. BYL719 has attracted our attention, and we comprehensively characterized genomic and transcriptomic changes taking place during resistance. Methods: For this purpose, we generated two in vitro GIST models of acquired resistance to BYL719 and performed an omic-based analysis by integrating RNA-sequencing, miRNA, and methylation profiles in sensitive and resistant cells. Results: We identified novel epigenomic mechanisms of pharmacological resistance in GISTs suggesting the existence of pathways involved in drug resistance and alternatively acquired mutations. Therefore, epigenomics should be taken into account as an alternative adaptive mechanism. Conclusion: Despite the fact that currently we do not have patients in treatment with BYL719 to verify this hypothesis, the most intriguing result is the involvement of H19 and PSTA1 in GIST resistance, which might represent druggable targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Ravegnini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulia Sammarini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sebastian Moran
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institue (Idibell), l'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Giovanni Calice
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Valentina Indio
- Giorgio Prodi Cancer Research Center, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Milena Urbini
- Giorgio Prodi Cancer Research Center, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Annalisa Astolfi
- Giorgio Prodi Cancer Research Center, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Federica Zanotti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria A Pantaleo
- Giorgio Prodi Cancer Research Center, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Specialized, Experimental, and Diagnostic Medicine, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Patrizia Hrelia
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sabrina Angelini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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