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Kshatriya K, Gershenzon J. Disarming the defenses: Insect detoxification of plant defense-related specialized metabolites. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 81:102577. [PMID: 38889616 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2024.102577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
The ability of certain insects to feed on plants containing toxic specialized metabolites may be attributed to detoxification enzymes. Representatives of a few large families of detoxification enzymes are widespread in insect herbivores acting to functionalize toxins and conjugate them with polar substituents to decrease toxicity, increase water solubility and enhance excretion. Insects have also developed specific enzymes for coping with toxins that are activated upon plant damage. Another source of detoxification potential in insects lies in their microbiomes, which are being increasingly recognized for their role in processing plant toxins. The evolution of insect detoxification systems to resist toxic specialized metabolites in plants may in turn have selected for the great diversity of such metabolites found in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Kshatriya
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell-Strasse 8, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Jonathan Gershenzon
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell-Strasse 8, 07745 Jena, Germany.
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2
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Zhang SS, Wang PC, Ning C, Yang K, Li GC, Cao LL, Huang LQ, Wang CZ. The larva and adult of Helicoverpa armigera use differential gustatory receptors to sense sucrose. eLife 2024; 12:RP91711. [PMID: 38814697 PMCID: PMC11139476 DOI: 10.7554/elife.91711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Almost all herbivorous insects feed on plants and use sucrose as a feeding stimulant, but the molecular basis of their sucrose reception remains unclear. Helicoverpa armigera as a notorious crop pest worldwide mainly feeds on reproductive organs of many plant species in the larval stage, and its adult draws nectar. In this study, we determined that the sucrose sensory neurons located in the contact chemosensilla on larval maxillary galea were 100-1000 times more sensitive to sucrose than those on adult antennae, tarsi, and proboscis. Using the Xenopus expression system, we discovered that Gr10 highly expressed in the larval sensilla was specifically tuned to sucrose, while Gr6 highly expressed in the adult sensilla responded to fucose, sucrose and fructose. Moreover, using CRISPR/Cas9, we revealed that Gr10 was mainly used by larvae to detect lower sucrose, while Gr6 was primarily used by adults to detect higher sucrose and other saccharides, which results in differences in selectivity and sensitivity between larval and adult sugar sensory neurons. Our results demonstrate the sugar receptors in this moth are evolved to adapt toward the larval and adult foods with different types and amounts of sugar, and fill in a gap in sweet taste of animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai-Shuai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Pei-Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Chao Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Ke Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Guo-Cheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Lin-Lin Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Ling-Qiao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Chen-Zhu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
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3
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Tian H, Xu R, Li H, Lin S, Chen Y, Chen Y, Yang G, Wei H. Prolonged Exposure to Plant Volatiles does not Significantly Affect Pban Expression and Mating Behavior in Diamondback Moth [Plutella Xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)]. J Chem Ecol 2024; 50:18-29. [PMID: 38051449 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-023-01462-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Herbivorous insects use plant volatiles to locate hosts, find food, and identify oviposition sites to aid survival and reproduction. Plant volatiles not only regulate the synthesis and release of sex pheromones in insects, but also help them in the search and orientation of sources of sex pheromones. However, after prolonged exposure to plant volatiles, the changes mediating the mating behavior of diamondback moth (DBM) [Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)] are unclear. DBMs treated with allyl isothiocyanate, a volatile from cruciferous vegetables, did not show improved rates of mating with a limited effect on mating rhythm. This treatment inhibited mating behaviors in 3-day-old DBMs and decreased mating duration in 5-day-old DBMs. After prolonged exposure to allyl isothiocyanate, the total mating duration of DBM was not significantly different from that after prolonged exposure to n-hexane (control). The longest mating duration after emergence in DBM after prolonged exposure to allyl isothiocyanate was delayed by 1 day compared with exposure to n-hexane. Prolonged exposure to plant volatiles intensified the response behavior of DBM to sex pheromones. However, the amount of Z11-16: Ald, a major component of the sex pheromone blend exhibited no change in female pheromone glands. Pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide gene (PBAN) was down-regulated in DBMs after prolonged exposure to plant volatiles. These findings suggest that prolonged exposure (6 h) to plant-derived volatiles have little effect on the mating behavior of DBM. This study provides practical guidance for applying phytochemicals in pest control by regulating insect behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houjun Tian
- Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 247 Wusi Road, Fuzhou, 350013, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Fuzhou, 350013, China
| | - Ruibin Xu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 247 Wusi Road, Fuzhou, 350013, China
| | - Heng Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 247 Wusi Road, Fuzhou, 350013, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Fuzhou, 350013, China
| | - Shuo Lin
- Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 247 Wusi Road, Fuzhou, 350013, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Fuzhou, 350013, China
| | - Yixin Chen
- Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 247 Wusi Road, Fuzhou, 350013, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Fuzhou, 350013, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 247 Wusi Road, Fuzhou, 350013, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Fuzhou, 350013, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, 350003, China
| | - Hui Wei
- Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 247 Wusi Road, Fuzhou, 350013, China.
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Fuzhou, 350013, China.
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4
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Yang F, Jing X, Dong R, Zhou L, Xu X, Dong Y, Zhang L, Zheng L, Lai Y, Chen Y, Lin L, Ma X, You M, Chen W, He W. Glucose Oxidase of a Crucifer-Specialized Insect: A Potential Role in Suppressing Plant Defense via Modulating Antagonistic Plant Hormones. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023. [PMID: 37930271 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Glucose oxidase (GOX) is a representative compound found in most insect saliva that can suppress plant-defensive responses. However, little is known about the origin and role of GOX in the crucifer-specialized pest Plutella xylostella. In this study, we showed obvious regurgitation from the larval gut of P. xylostella and identified abundant peptides highly similar to known GOX. Three PxGOX genes were verified with PxGOX2 preferentially expressed in the gut. The heterologously expressed PxGOX2 confirmed its function to be a GOX, and it was detected in plant wounds together with the gut regurgitant. Further experiments revealed that PxGOX2 functioned as an effector and may suppress defensive responses in plant through the production of H2O2, which modulates levels of antagonistic salicylic acid and jasmonic acid. However, excessive H2O2 in the host plant may be neutralized by peroxidase, thus forming defensive feedback. Our findings provided new insights into understanding the GOX-mediated insect-plant interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiying Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Institute of Biological Resources, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330029, China
| | - Xiaodong Jing
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Renfu Dong
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Li Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xuejiao Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yuhong Dong
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Lingling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Ling Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yingfang Lai
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yusong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Lianyun Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xiaoli Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Minsheng You
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Greenhouse Vegetable, College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Weiyi He
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou 350002, China
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5
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Li D, Zaraei SO, Sbenati RM, Ravi A, Wen Y, Zeng L, Wang J, El-Gamal MI, Xu H. Synthesis and Biological Activity of Sulfamate-Adamantane Derivatives as Glucosinolate Sulfatase Inhibitors. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:15476-15484. [PMID: 37818663 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c04879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
The glucosinolate-myrosinase system, exclusively found in the Brassicaceae family, is a main defense strategy against insect resistance. The efficient detoxification activity of glucosinolate sulfatases (GSSs) has successfully supported the feeding of Plutella xylostella on cruciferous plants. With the activity of GSSs hampered in P. xylostella, the toxic isothiocyanates produced from glucosinolates severely impair larval growth and adult reproduction. Therefore, inhibitors of GSSs have been suggested as an alternative approach to controlling P. xylostella. Herein, we synthesized eight adamantyl-possessing sulfamate derivatives as novel inhibitors of GSSs. Adam-20-S exhibited the most potent GSS inhibitory activity, with an IC50 value of 9.04 mg/L. The suppression of GSSs by Adam-20-S impaired glucosinolate metabolism to produce more toxic isothiocyanates in P. xylostella. Consequently, the growth and development of P. xylostella were significantly hindered when feeding on the host plant. Our study may help facilitate the development of a comprehensive pest management strategy that combines insect detoxification enzyme inhibitors with plant chemical defenses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dehong Li
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Seyed-Omar Zaraei
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rawan M Sbenati
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Anil Ravi
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yingjie Wen
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingda Zeng
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiali Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Mohammed I El-Gamal
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Hanhong Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, People's Republic of China
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Chen W, Amir MB, Liao Y, Yu H, He W, Lu Z. New Insights into the Plutella xylostella Detoxifying Enzymes: Sequence Evolution, Structural Similarity, Functional Diversity, and Application Prospects of Glucosinolate Sulfatases. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:10952-10969. [PMID: 37462091 PMCID: PMC10375594 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c03246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Brassica plants have glucosinolate (GLs)-myrosinase defense mechanisms to deter herbivores. However, Plutella xylostella specifically feeds on Brassica vegetables. The larvae possess three glucosinolate sulfatases (PxGSS1-3) that compete with plant myrosinase for shared GLs substrates and produce nontoxic desulfo-GLs (deGLs). Although PxGSSs are considered potential targets for pest control, the lack of a comprehensive review has hindered the development of PxGSSs-targeted pest control methods. Recent advances in integrative multi-omics analysis, substrate-enzyme kinetics, and molecular biological techniques have elucidated the evolutionary origin and functional diversity of these three PxGSSs. This review summarizes research progress on PxGSSs over the past 20 years, covering sequence properties, evolution, protein modification, enzyme activity, structural variation, substrate specificity, and interaction scenarios based on functional diversity. Finally, we discussed the potential applications of PxGSSs-targeted pest control technologies driven by artificial intelligence, including CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene drive, transgenic plant-mediated RNAi, small-molecule inhibitors, and peptide inhibitors. These technologies have the potential to overcome current management challenges and promote the development and field application of PxGSSs-targeted pest control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Greenhouse Vegetable, School of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Muhammad Bilal Amir
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Greenhouse Vegetable, School of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
- South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Yuan Liao
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Greenhouse Vegetable, School of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Haizhong Yu
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Greenhouse Vegetable, School of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Weiyi He
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zhanjun Lu
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Greenhouse Vegetable, School of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
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7
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Xiong Y, Jiang C, Amir MB, Dong Y, Xie L, Liao Y, He W, Lu Z, Chen W. Antibody-Based Methods Reveal the Protein Expression Properties of Glucosinolate Sulfatase 1 and 2 in Plutella xylostella. JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2022; 22:5. [PMID: 36449010 PMCID: PMC9710514 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/ieac070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The glucosinolates (GLs) and myrosinase defensive systems in cruciferous plants were circumvented by Plutella xylostella using glucosinolate sulfatases (PxGSSs) during pest-plant interaction. Despite identifying three duplicated GSS-encoding genes in P. xylostella, limited information regarding their spatiotemporal and induced expression is available. Here, we investigated the tissue- and stage-specific expression and induction in response to GLs of PxGSS1 and PxGSS2 (PxGSS1/2) at the protein level, which shares a high degree of similarity in protein sequences. Western blotting (WB) analysis showed that PxGSS1/2 exhibited a higher protein level in mature larvae, their guts, and gut content. A significantly high protein and transcript levels of PxGSS1/2 were also detected in the salivary glands using WB and qRT-PCR. The immunofluorescence (IF) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) results confirmed that PxGSS1/2 is widely expressed in the larval body. The IHC was more appropriate than IF when autofluorescence interference was present in collected samples. Furthermore, the content of PxGSS1/2 did not change significantly under treatments of GL mixture from Arabidopsis thaliana ecotype Col-0, or commercial ally (sinigrin), 4-(methylsulfinyl)butyl, 3-(methylsulfinyl)propyl, and indol-3-ylmethyl GLs indicating that the major GLs from leaves of A. thaliana Col-0 failed to induce the expression of proteins for both PxGSS1 and PxGSS2. Our study systemically characterized the expression properties of PxGSS1/2 at the protein level, which improves our understanding of PxGSS1/2-center adaptation in P. xylostella during long-term insect-plant interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Muhammad Bilal Amir
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Greenhouse Vegetable, School of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
- South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Yuhong Dong
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Greenhouse Vegetable, School of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Lianjie Xie
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Greenhouse Vegetable, School of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Yuan Liao
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Greenhouse Vegetable, School of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Weiyi He
- Corresponding author, e-mail: (W.H.), (Z.L.), (W.C.)
| | - Zhanjun Lu
- Corresponding author, e-mail: (W.H.), (Z.L.), (W.C.)
| | - Wei Chen
- Corresponding author, e-mail: (W.H.), (Z.L.), (W.C.)
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8
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Li D, Wen Y, Ou Z, Yu Y, Zhao C, Lin F. Inhibitor of Glucosinolate Sulfatases as a Potential Friendly Insecticide to Control Plutella xylostella. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:13528-13537. [PMID: 36251030 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c04542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The glucosinolate-myrosinase system is a two-component defense system characteristic of cruciferous plants. To evade the glucosinolate-myrosinase system, the crucifer specialist insect, Plutella xylostella, promptly desulfates the glucosinolates into harmless compounds by glucosinolate sulfatases (GSSs) in the gut. In this study, we identified an effective inhibitor of GSSs by virtual screening, molecular docking analysis, and in vitro enzyme inhibition assay. The combined effect of the GSS inhibitor with the plant glucosinolate-myrosinase system was assessed by the bioassay of P. xylostella. We show that irosustat is a GSS inhibitor and the inhibition of GSSs impairs the ability of P. xylostella to detoxify the glucosinolate-myrosinase system, leading to the systematic accumulation of toxic isothiocyanates in larvae, thereby severely affecting feeding, growth, survival, and reproduction of P. xylostella. While fed on the Arabidopsis mutants deficient in myrosinase or glucosinolates, irosustat had no significant negative effect on P. xylostella. These findings reveal that the GSS inhibitor is a novel friendly insecticide to control P. xylostella utilizing the plant glucosinolate-myrosinase system and promote the development of insecticide-plant chemical defense combination strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dehong Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources and Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Yingjie Wen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources and Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Ziyue Ou
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources and Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Ye Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources and Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources and Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Fei Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources and Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
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9
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Chen W, Dong Y, Zheng L, Lai Y, Li F, Zhou L, Wang B, You M, He W. An inducible gene from glycoside hydrolase one family of Plutella xylostella decreases larval survival when feeding on host plant. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1013092. [PMID: 36338470 PMCID: PMC9632345 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1013092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycoside hydrolase family 1 (GH1) members exhibit a broad substrate spectrum and play important roles in insect-plant interactions, such as the defensive β-glucosidase and β-thioglucosidase (so-called myrosinase). However, knowledge about the expression profiling and function of glycoside hydrolase family 1 members in a specialist pest of crucifers Plutella xylostella is still limited. In this study, 13 putative glycoside hydrolase family 1 members of P. xylostella were identified based on the sequence characteristics, while no myrosinase activity was detectable in P. xylostella using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Expression profiling of these glycoside hydrolase family 1 members identified the midgut-specific gene Px008848 that is induced by host plant. Further experiments revealed that the in vitro expressed Px008848 protein had β-glucosidase activity and the survival rate of the larvae feeding on wounded Arabidopsis thaliana leaves declined when leaves were treated with purified Px008848 protein. When CRISPR/Cas9-based homozygous mutant larvae of Px008848 and wild-type larvae were respectively transferred onto the A. thaliana, the larval survival rate of the mutant larvae was significantly higher than that of the wild-type individuals. Our work showed that certain insect glycoside hydrolase family 1 gene may have negative effect on the development of larvae feeding on the host plant, which broadened our understandings on the evolutionary function of this gene family in the insect-plant interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Greenhouse Vegetable/College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuhong Dong
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Greenhouse Vegetable/College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ling Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yingfang Lai
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Feifei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Li Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Beibei Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Minsheng You
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Minsheng You, ; Weiyi He,
| | - Weiyi He
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Minsheng You, ; Weiyi He,
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10
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Chen W, Saqib HSA, Xu X, Dong Y, Zheng L, Lai Y, Jing X, Lu Z, Sun L, You M, He W. Glucosinolate Sulfatases-Sulfatase-Modifying Factors System Enables a Crucifer-Specialized Moth To Pre-detoxify Defensive Glucosinolate of the Host Plant. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:11179-11191. [PMID: 36043275 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c03929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Numerous herbivores orally secrete defense compounds to detoxify plant toxins. However, little is known about the role of orally secreted enzymes by a specialized pest, Plutella xylostella, in the detoxification of plant defense compounds. Three glucosinolate sulfatases (GSSs) or two sulfatase-modifying factors (SUMF1s) mutant strains were established on the basis of CRISPR/Cas9 technology to validate the existence of a species-specific GSSs-SUMF1s system. In comparison to the bioassay data from mutant strains of GSS1/GSS2 or SUMF1a/SUMF1b, GSS3 had a minimal role because no significant change was found in GSS3-/- under different feeding contexts. Antibody-based technologies were used to examine GSSs-related deficient strains, and the results showed that the GSS1 protein was primarily released through larval oral secretion. On the basis of high-performance liquid chromatography, we found that GSS1 was secreted to pre-desulfate the typical plant defensive glucosinolates known as 4-(methylsulfinyl)butyl glucosinolate (4MSOB-GL) to suppress the production of the toxic substance, which is referred to as pre-detoxification strategy. These findings highlighted that the GSSs-SUMF1s system is the key factor for counteradaptation of P. xylostella to cruciferous plants, which strengthens the concept that herbivores deploy pre-detoxification strategies to disrupt the plant chemical defenses to facilitate the colonization process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Greenhouse Vegetable, School of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, People's Republic of China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Hafiz Sohaib Ahmed Saqib
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejiao Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China
- School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhong Dong
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Greenhouse Vegetable, School of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, People's Republic of China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingfang Lai
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Jing
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanjun Lu
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Greenhouse Vegetable, School of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Linyang Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Minsheng You
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiyi He
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China
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11
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Functional Characterization of Two RNA Methyltransferase Genes METTL3 and METTL14 Uncovers the Roles of m 6A in Mediating Adaptation of Plutella xylostella to Host Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231710013. [PMID: 36077410 PMCID: PMC9456542 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231710013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is one of the major epigenetic modifications in eukaryotes. Although increasing functions of m6A have been identified in insects, its role in Plutella xylostella L. for host plant adaptation remains unclear. In the current study, we show that the m6A content of P. xylostella was relatively low in different developmental stages and tissues, with no significant differences. Two RNA methyltransferase genes, PxMETTL3 (methyltransferase-like 3) and PxMETTL14 (methyltransferase-like 14), were identified and characterized. PxMETTL3 could be transcribed into two transcripts, and PxMETTL14 had only one transcript; both of these genes were highly expressed in egg and adult stages and reproductive tissues. The CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of PxMETTL3 (ΔPxMETTL3-2) or PxMETTL14 (ΔPxMETTL14-14) confirmed their function in m6A installation into RNA. Furthermore, upon transfer from an artificial diet to the host plant, the mutant strains were affected in terms of larval and pupal weight or adult emergence rate, while the wildtype (WT) strain did not exhibit any difference. In addition, the fecundity and egg hatching rate of the WT strain decreased significantly, whereas only the ΔPxMETTL14-14 mutant strain displayed significantly decreased fecundity. There seemed to be a tradeoff between the stress adaptation and reproduction in P. xylostella mediated by m6A modification. During host transfer, the expression of PxMETTL14 was consistent with the change in m6A content, which implied that PxMETTL14 could respond to host plant defense effectively, and may regulate m6A content. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis of the differentially expressed transcripts with changes in m6A levels revealed that the potential functions of m6A-related genes may be involved in steroid biosynthesis for larval performance and metabolic pathways for adult reproduction. Overall, our work reveals an epigenetic regulation mechanism for the rapid adaptation of P. xylostella to variations in the host environment.
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12
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Vitelline Membrane Protein 26 Mutagenesis, Using CRISPR/Cas9, Results in Egg Collapse in Plutella xylostella. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179538. [PMID: 36076934 PMCID: PMC9455775 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitelline membrane proteins (VMPs) are the main proteins that form the inner shell (vitelline membrane layer) of insect eggs and are an integral part of egg formation and embryo development. Here, we characterized the molecular structure and expression patterns of the VMP26 gene and analyzed its reproductive functions in diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.), a worldwide migratory pest of cruciferous plants. The PxVMP26 gene was shown to be a single exon gene that contained an open reading frame of 852 base pairs (bp) encoding 283 amino acids. Both qPCR and western blot analyses showed that PxVMP26 was specifically expressed in female adults and was significantly highly expressed in the ovary. Further anatomical analysis indicated that the expression level of PxVMP26 in the ovarian tube with an incomplete yolk was significantly higher than that in the ovarian tube with a complete yolk. CRISPR/Cas9-induced PxVMP26 knockout successfully created two homozygous strains with 8- and 46-bp frameshift mutations. The expression deficiency of the PxVMP26 protein was detected in the mutant strains using immunofluorescence and western blot. No significant difference was found in the number of eggs laid within three days between wild and mutant individuals, but there was a lower egg hatchability. The loss of the PxVMP26 gene changed the mean egg size, damaged the structure of the vitelline membrane, and increased the proportion of abnormal eggs due to water loss, resulting in egg collapse. This first analysis of the roles of the VMP gene in the oocyte formation and embryonic development of P. xylostella, using CRISPR/Cas9 technology, provides a basis for screening new genetic control targets of P. xylostella.
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Li BJ, Wang KK, Chen DP, Yan Y, Cai XL, Chen HM, Dong K, Lin F, Xu HH. Distinct roles of two RDL GABA receptors in fipronil action in the diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella). INSECT SCIENCE 2021; 28:1721-1733. [PMID: 33442958 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The phenylpyrazole insecticide fipronil blocks resistance to dieldrin (RDL) γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors in insects, thereby impairing inhibitory neurotransmission. Some insect species, such as the diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella), possess more than one Rdl gene. The involvement of multiple Rdls in fipronil toxicity and resistance remains largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the roles of two Rdl genes, PxRdl1 and PxRdl2, in P. xylostella fipronil action. In Xenopus oocytes, PxRDL2 receptors were 40 times less sensitive to fipronil than PxRDL1. PxRDL2 receptors were also less sensitive to GABA compared with PxRDL1. Knockout of the fipronil-sensitive PxRdl1 reduced the fipronil potency 10-fold, whereas knockout of the fipronil-resistant PxRdl2 enhanced the fipronil potency 4.4-fold. Furthermore, in two fipronil-resistant diamondback moth field populations, PxRdl2 expression was elevated 3.7- and 4.1-fold compared with a susceptible strain, whereas PxRdl1 expression was comparable among the resistant and susceptible strains. Collectively, our results indicate antagonistic effects of PxRDL1 and PxRDL2 on fipronil action in vivo and suggest that enhanced expression of fipronil-resistant PxRdl2 is potentially a new mechanism of fipronil resistance in insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben-Jie Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources/Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education South, China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Kun-Kun Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources/Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education South, China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Dong-Ping Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources/Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education South, China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Ying Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources/Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education South, China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xu-Ling Cai
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources/Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education South, China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Hui-Min Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources/Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education South, China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Ke Dong
- Department of Entomology, Genetics Program and Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Fei Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources/Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education South, China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Han-Hong Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources/Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education South, China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
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14
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Wang Y, Huang Y, Xu X, Liu Z, Li J, Zhan X, Yang G, You M, You S. CRISPR/Cas9-based functional analysis of yellow gene in the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella. INSECT SCIENCE 2021; 28:1504-1509. [PMID: 32893952 PMCID: PMC8518405 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.), is an economically important pest of cruciferous crops worldwide. This pest is notorious for rapid evolution of the resistance to different classes of insecticides, making it increasingly difficult to control. Genetics-based control approaches, through manipulation of target genes, have been reported as promising supplements or alternatives to traditional methods of pest management. Here we identified a gene of pigmentation (yellow) in P. xylostella, Pxyellow, which encodes 1674 bp complementary DNA sequence with four exons and three introns. Using the clustered regularly interspersed palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 system, we knocked out Pxyellow, targeting two sites in Exon III, to generate 272 chimeric mutants (57% of the CRISPR-treated individuals) with color-changed phenotypes of the 1st to 3rd instar larvae, pupae, and adults, indicating that Pxyellow plays an essential role in the body pigmentation of P. xylostella. Fitness analysis revealed no significant difference in the oviposition of adults, the hatchability of eggs, and the weight of pupae between homozygous mutants and wildtypes, suggesting that Pxyellow is not directly involved in regulation of growth, development, or reproduction. This work advances our understanding of the genetic and insect science molecular basis for body pigmentation of P. xylostella, and opens a wide avenue for development of the genetically based pest control techniques using Pxyellow as a screening marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian‐Taiwan CropsInstitute of Applied EcologyFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou350002China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest ControlMinistry of EducationFuzhou350002China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian‐Taiwan CropsMinistry of AgricultureFuzhou350002China
| | - Yuping Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian‐Taiwan CropsInstitute of Applied EcologyFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou350002China
- Department of Physiology & NeurobiologyUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsCT06269USA
| | - Xuejiao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian‐Taiwan CropsInstitute of Applied EcologyFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou350002China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest ControlMinistry of EducationFuzhou350002China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian‐Taiwan CropsMinistry of AgricultureFuzhou350002China
| | - Zhaoxia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian‐Taiwan CropsInstitute of Applied EcologyFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou350002China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest ControlMinistry of EducationFuzhou350002China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian‐Taiwan CropsMinistry of AgricultureFuzhou350002China
| | - Jianyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian‐Taiwan CropsInstitute of Applied EcologyFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou350002China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest ControlMinistry of EducationFuzhou350002China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian‐Taiwan CropsMinistry of AgricultureFuzhou350002China
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop PestsInstitute of Plant ProtectionFujian Academy of Agricultural SciencesFuzhou350013China
| | - Xue Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian‐Taiwan CropsInstitute of Applied EcologyFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou350002China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest ControlMinistry of EducationFuzhou350002China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian‐Taiwan CropsMinistry of AgricultureFuzhou350002China
| | - Guang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian‐Taiwan CropsInstitute of Applied EcologyFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou350002China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest ControlMinistry of EducationFuzhou350002China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian‐Taiwan CropsMinistry of AgricultureFuzhou350002China
| | - Minsheng You
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian‐Taiwan CropsInstitute of Applied EcologyFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou350002China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest ControlMinistry of EducationFuzhou350002China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian‐Taiwan CropsMinistry of AgricultureFuzhou350002China
| | - Shijun You
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian‐Taiwan CropsInstitute of Applied EcologyFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou350002China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest ControlMinistry of EducationFuzhou350002China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian‐Taiwan CropsMinistry of AgricultureFuzhou350002China
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15
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Liu Z, Wang H, Xie J, Lv J, Zhang G, Hu L, Luo S, Li L, Yu J. The Roles of Cruciferae Glucosinolates in Disease and Pest Resistance. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10061097. [PMID: 34070720 PMCID: PMC8229868 DOI: 10.3390/plants10061097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
With the expansion of the area under Cruciferae vegetable cultivation, and an increase in the incidence of natural threats such as pests and diseases globally, Cruciferae vegetable losses caused by pathogens, insects, and pests are on the rise. As one of the key metabolites produced by Cruciferae vegetables, glucosinolate (GLS) is not only an indicator of their quality but also controls infestation by numerous fungi, bacteria, aphids, and worms. Today, the safe and pollution-free production of vegetables is advocated globally, and environmentally friendly pest and disease control strategies, such as biological control, to minimize the adverse impacts of pathogen and insect pest stress on Cruciferae vegetables, have attracted the attention of researchers. This review explores the mechanisms via which GLS acts as a defensive substance, participates in responses to biotic stress, and enhances plant tolerance to the various stress factors. According to the current research status, future research directions are also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeci Liu
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (H.W.); (J.X.); (J.L.); (G.Z.); (L.H.); (S.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Huiping Wang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (H.W.); (J.X.); (J.L.); (G.Z.); (L.H.); (S.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Jianming Xie
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (H.W.); (J.X.); (J.L.); (G.Z.); (L.H.); (S.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Jian Lv
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (H.W.); (J.X.); (J.L.); (G.Z.); (L.H.); (S.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Guobin Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (H.W.); (J.X.); (J.L.); (G.Z.); (L.H.); (S.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Linli Hu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (H.W.); (J.X.); (J.L.); (G.Z.); (L.H.); (S.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Shilei Luo
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (H.W.); (J.X.); (J.L.); (G.Z.); (L.H.); (S.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Lushan Li
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (H.W.); (J.X.); (J.L.); (G.Z.); (L.H.); (S.L.); (L.L.)
- Panzhihua Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Panzhihua 617000, China
| | - Jihua Yu
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (H.W.); (J.X.); (J.L.); (G.Z.); (L.H.); (S.L.); (L.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-931-763-2188
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Engineering insect resistance using plant specialized metabolites. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2021; 70:115-121. [PMID: 33866214 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2021.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Plants in nature are protected against insect herbivory by a wide variety of specialized metabolites. Although insect herbivores generally tolerate the defensive metabolites of their preferred host plants, the presence of additional chemical defenses in otherwise closely related plant species can nevertheless provide resistance. This chemical resistance to insect herbivory can be enhanced by genetic engineering to increase the production of endogenous defensive metabolites, modify existing biochemical pathways, or move the biosynthesis of entirely new classes of specialized metabolites into recipient plants. However, current plant genetic engineering strategies are limited by insufficient knowledge of the biosynthetic pathways of plant specialized metabolism, unintended side-effects that result from redirecting plant metabolism, inadequate transgene construction and delivery methods, and requirements for tissue-specific production of defensive metabolites to enhance herbivore resistance.
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17
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Glucosinolate induces transcriptomic and metabolic reprogramming in Helicoverpa armigera. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:26. [PMID: 33442524 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02596-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucosinolates protect plants from herbivory. Lepidopteran insects have developed resistance to glucosinolates which is well studied. However, the molecular effects of glucosinolate intake on insects are unexplored. To elucidate this, we performed transcriptomics and metabolomics of sinigrin-fed Helicoverpa armigera. Transcriptomics exhibits significant dysregulation of 2375 transcripts, of which 1575 are upregulated and 800 downregulated. Gene Ontology analysis of differentially expressed genes reveals that key hydrolases, oxidoreductases, and transferases are majorly affected. The negative impact of sinigrin is significant and localized in the endomembrane system and mitochondria. It also disturbs various biological processes such as regulation of protein metabolism and cytoskeletal organization. Furthermore, H. armigera putative myrosinase-like enzymes may catalyze the breakdown of sinigrin to allyl isothiocyanate (AITC). AITC targets the electron transport chain causing oxidative stress. KEGG pathway enrichment shows significant upregulation of oxidative phosphorylation, glutathione metabolism and amino acid metabolism. Activation of these pathways induces glutathione synthesis for sinigrin detoxification. Differential gene expression indicates upregulation of glutathione S-transferase and succinate dehydrogenase suggesting mitochondrial impact. Transcriptomics data correlated with metabolomics show changes in serine, methionine, ornithine, and other metabolite levels. It corroborates well with the transcript alterations supporting the increased glutathione production. Thus, our data suggest that sinigrin generates oxidative stress in H. armigera and insects alter their metabolic wiring to overcome sinigrin-mediated deleterious effects. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-020-02596-5.
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