Manganese(II) complexes of a set of 2-aminomethylpyridine-derived ligands bearing a methoxyalkyl arm: syntheses, structures and magnetism

Hydroxopalladium(IV) complexes prepared using oxygen or hydrogen peroxide as oxidants

The cycloneophylpalladium(II) complexes [Pd(CH2CMe2C6H4)(κ2-N,N'-L)], 1 or 2, with L = RO(CH2)3N(CH2-2-C5H4N)2, with R = H or Me, respectively, react with either dioxygen or hydrogen peroxide in the presence of NH4[PF6] to give rare examples of the corresponding hydroxopalladium(IV) complexes [Pd(OH)(CH2CMe2C6H4)(κ3-N,N',N''-L)][PF6], 3 or 4. The complexes 3 and 4 are stable at room temperature and have been structurally characterized. On heating a solution of 3 or 4 in moist dimethylsulphoxide, selective reductive elimination with C(sp2)-O bond formation is observed, followed by hydrolysis, to give the corresponding pincer complex [Pd(OH)(κ3-N,N',N''-L)][PF6] and 2-t-butylphenol as major products. A more complex reaction occurs in chloroform solution. The mechanisms of reaction are discussed, supported by DFT calculations.

Evaluation of oxygen-containing pentadentate ligands with pyridine/quinoline/isoquinoline binding sites via the structural and electrochemical properties of mononuclear copper(II) complexes

Eighteen mononuclear copper(II) complexes with oxygen-containing N4O1 pentadentate ligands were prepared. The ligand library consists of 2-aminoethanol derivatives ((Ar1CH2)(Ar2CH2)NCH2CH2OCH2Ar3) bearing three nitrogen-containing heteroaromatics (Ars) including pyridine, quinoline and isoquinoline via a methylene linker. Systematic replacements of pyridine binding sites with quinolines and isoquinolines reveal the general trends in the perturbation of bond distances and angles, the redox potential and the absorption maximum wavelength of the copper(II) complexes, depending on the position and number of (iso)quinoline heteroaromatics. The small effect on the redox potentials resulting from quinoline substitution at the Ar3 position (near oxygen) of the ligand comes from the steric hindrance of the peri hydrogen atom in the quinoline moiety at this position, which removes the counter anion to enhance the coordination of quinoline nitrogen and ether oxygen atoms to the metal centre. In the absorption spectra of copper(II) complexes in the d-d transition region, the quinoline substitution at this site (Ar3) exhibits an opposite effect to those at the Ar1 and Ar2 sites. The electronic and steric contributions of the heteroaromatic binding sites to the ligand properties are comprehensively discussed.

A Theoretical Perspective to Decipher the Origin of High Hydrogen Storage Capacity in Mn(II) Metal-Organic Framework

Herein, we report a detailed periodic DFT investigation of Mn(II)-based [(Mn₄ Cl)₃ (BTT)₈ ]^3- (BTT^3- =1,3,5-benzenetristetrazolate) metal-organic framework (MOF) to explore various hydrogen binding pockets, nature of MOF…H₂ interactions, magnetic coupling and, H₂ uptake capacity. Earlier experiments found an uptake capacity of 6.9 wt % of H_2, with the heat of adsorption estimated to be ∼10 kJ/mol, which is one among the highest for any MOFs reported. Our calculations unveil different binding sites with computed binding energy varying from -6 to -15 kJ/mol. The binding of H₂ at the Mn²⁺ site is found to be the strongest (site I), with H₂ found to bind Mn²⁺ ion in a η² fashion with a distance of 2.27 Å and binding energy of -15.4 kJ/mol. The bonding analysis performed using NBO and AIM reveal a strong donation of σ (H₂ ) to the d_z ² orbital of the Mn²⁺ ion responsible for such large binding energy. The other binding pockets, such as -Cl (site II) and BTT ligands (site III and IV) were found to be weaker, with the binding energy decreasing in the order I>II>III>IV. The average binding energy computed for these four sites put together is 9.6 kJ/mol, which is in excellent agreement with the experimental value of ∼10 kJ/mol. We have expanded our calculations to compute binding energy for multiple sites simultaneously, and in this model, the binding energy per site was found to decrease as we increased the number of H₂ molecules suggesting electronic and steric factors controlling the overall uptake capacity. The calculated adsorption isotherm using the GCMC method reproduces the experimental observations. Further, the magnetic coupling computed for the unbound MOF reveals moderate ferromagnetic and strong antiferromagnetic coupling within the tetrameric {Mn₄ } unit leading to a three-up-one-down spin configuration as the ground state. These were then coupled ferromagnetically to other tetrameric units in the MOF network. The magnetic coupling was found to alter only marginally upon gas binding, suggesting that both exchange interaction and the spin-states are unlikely to play a role in the H₂ uptake. This is contrary to the O₂ uptake studied lately, where strong dependence on exchange-coupling/spin state was witnessed, suggesting exchange-coupling/magnetic field dependent binding as a viable route for gas separation.

Structure, magnetic properties and spin density of two alternative Mn(II) coordination polymers based on 1,4-bis(2'-carboxyphenoxy)benzene

Two novel manganese coordination polymers [Mn2(µ2-bcpb)(µ4-bcpb)(2,2’-bipy)2]n (1) and [Mn2(µ3-bcpb)2(2,2’-bipy)2(H2O)]n (2) (H2bcpb=1,4-bis(2’-carboxylato phenoxy)-benzene; 2,2’-bipy=2,2’-bipyridine), have been synthesized successfully from the same reactants but for different filling degrees of Teflon tubes used...

The catalytic activities and magnetic behaviours of rare μ3-chlorido and μ1,1,1-azido bridged defective dicubane tetranuclear Mn(ii) complexes

A μ₃-chlorido and a μ_1,1,1-azido bridged defective dicubane tetranuclear Mn(ii) complexes of polynucleating Mannich base ligand show significant catalytic oxidase activities and are antiferromagnetically coupled which is rationalized by DFT calculations.

Covalent linkage of [Mn2(μ-O2PPh2)2] units by trans-1,4-bis(4-pyridyl)ethene ligands into one-dimensional and two-dimensional polymers

Two coordination polymers, [Mn2(μ-O2PPh2)2(η 1-O2PPh2)2(η 1-HOCH3)2(μ-bpe)2·CH3OH] n (1) and [Mn2(μ-O2PPh2)4(μ-bpe)2] n (2), were assembled in single-pot reactions from [Mn(CH3COO)2·4H2O], Ph2P(O)OK and trans-1,4-bis(4-pyridyl)ethene (bpe). The products were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, which revealed a one-dimensional metal-organic ladder type in 1 and a two-dimensional rectangular grid type in 2. Both 1 and 2 are constructed from six-coordinate Mn(II) nodes that adopt distorted octahedral (MnN4O2) environments; the adjacent nodes are connected by the μ-bpe linkers in 1 or μ-bpe and μ-O2PPh2 linkers in 2 to form different metal-organic networks. The catalytic property of complex 1 for selective thioether oxidation was also investigated in this work.

Indirect effect of hydrogen bonds on the magnetic coupling on Mn(iii) dinuclear compounds

Hydrogen bonds between the cationic complex and counteranion weaken the antiferromagnetic interaction.

A bioinspired heterogeneous catalyst based on the model of the manganese-dependent dioxygenase for selective oxidation using dioxygen

A hybrid bioinspired material with manganese(ii) complexes grafted on the surface of a mesostructured porous silica is investigated.

New structural motifs in Mn cluster chemistry from the ketone/gem-diol and bis(gem-diol) forms of 2,6-di-(2-pyridylcarbonyl)pyridine: {MnII4MnIII2} and {MnII4MnIII6} complexes

The ketone/gem-diol (L1H₂) and bis(gem-diol) (L2H₄) forms of the ligand 2,6-di-(2-pyridylcarbonyl)pyridine in Mn cluster chemistry have afforded the new complexes [MnII4MnIII2(N₃)₆Cl₄(L1)₂(DMF)₄] and [MnII4MnIII6O₂(N₃)₁₂(L1)₂(L2H)₂(DMF)₆].

Structural, photophysical and magnetic properties of transition metal complexes based on the dipicolylamino-chloro-1,2,4,5-tetrazine ligand

The ligand 3-chloro-6-dipicolylamino-1,2,4,5-tetrazine (Cl-TTZ-dipica) , prepared by the direct reaction between 3,6-dichloro-1,2,4,5-tetrazine and di(2-picolyl)-amine, afforded a series of four neutral transition metal complexes formulated as [Cl-TTZ-dipica-MCl2]2, with M = Zn(II), Cd(II), Mn(II) and Co(II), when reacted with the corresponding metal chlorides. The dinuclear structure of the isostructural complexes was disclosed by single crystal X-ray analysis, clearly indicating the formation of [M(II)-(μ-Cl)2M(II)] motifs and the involvement of the amino nitrogen atom in semi-coordination with the metal centers, thus leading to distorted octahedral coordination geometries. Moreover, the chlorine atoms, either coordinated to the metal or as a substituent on the tetrazine ring, engage respectively in specific anion-π intramolecular and intermolecular interactions with the electron-poor tetrazine units in the solid state, thus controlling the supramolecular architecture. Modulation of the emission properties is observed in the case of the Zn(II) and Cd(II) complexes when compared to the free ligand. A striking difference is observed in the magnetic properties of the Mn(II) and Co(II) complexes. An antiferromagnetic coupling takes place in the dimanganese(II) compound (J = -1.25 cm(-1)) while the Co(II) centers are ferromagnetically coupled in the corresponding complex (J = +0.55 cm(-1)), the spin Hamiltonian being defined as H = -JSA·SB.

Effective catalytic disproportionation of aqueous H2O2 with di- and mono-nuclear manganese(II) complexes containing pyridine alcohol ligands

The two novel manganese(II) complexes with 2-hydroxymethylpyridine (2-CH2OHpy) {[Mn2(μ-Cl)2(2-CH2OHpy)4]Cl2·2H2O (1)} and 2-hydroxyethylpyridine (2-(CH2)2OHpy) {[Mn(2-(CH2)2OHpy)2(NCS)2] (2)} were synthesized and characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, IR, EPR, HF EPR spectroscopy, magnetic and TG/DTG data. The complexes show catalase-like activity in neutral aqueous solution since they were able to disproportionate H2O2 to harmless H2O and O2. Both complexes act as true catalysts since they reverted to their original form after depleting all the H2O2, as suggested by the operando resonant inelastic X-ray spectroscopy (RIXS) measurements.

Homo- and heteropolymetallic 3-(2-pyridyl)pyrazolate manganese and rhenium complexes

Heteropolymetallic complexes with pyridylpyrazolates bridging Mn and Na or K are tetrametallic and contain bridging pyridylpyrazolates with an unprecedented coordination mode, whereas the Mn/Li complex is bimetallic.

Bioinspired manganese(ii) complexes with a clickable ligand for immobilisation on a solid support

Structural and magnetic characterization of dinuclear manganese(ii) complexes mimicking the active sites of MnD were prepared with an alkyne side function for click chemistry grafting that was tested on MCM-41 silicas.

Transition metal coordination chemistry ofN,N-bis(2-{pyrid-2-ylethyl})hydroxylamine

Although directly relevant to metal mediated biological nitrification as well as the coordination chemistry of peroxide, the metal complexes of hydroxylamines and their functionalized variants remain largely unexplored. The chelating hydroxylamine ligand N,N-bis(2-{pyrid-2-ylethyl})hydroxylamine can be readily generated via a solvent free reaction in high purity; however, the ligand is prone to decomposition which can hamper metal reaction. N,N-bis(2-{pyrid-2-ylethyl})hydroxylamine forms stable complexes with chromium(III), manganese(II), nickel(II), and cadmium(II) ions, coordinating in a side-on mode in the case of chromium and via the nitrogen in the case of the latter three metal ions. The hydroxylamine ligand can also be reduced to form N,N-bis(2-{pyrid-2-ylethyl})amine upon exposure to a stoichiometric amount of the metal salts cobalt(II) nitrate, vanadium(III) chloride, and iron(II) chloride. In the reaction with cobalt nitrate, the reduced ligand then chelates to the metal to form [N,N-bis(2-{pyrid-2-ylethyl})amine]dinitrocobalt(II). Upon reaction with vanadium(III) chloride and iron(III) chloride, the reduced ligand is isolated as the protonated free base, resulting from a metal-mediated decomposition reaction.

cis-Dichloridobis[2-(hydroxy-meth-yl)tetra-hydro-furan-κO,O']manganese(II)

The structure of the title compound, [MnCl(2)(C(5)H(10)O(2))(2)], was solved from low-temperature data collected at 100 (2) K. The asymmetric unit contains one half-mol-ecule with the Mn(II) ion located on a twofold axis. A distorted octa-hedral environment around the Mn atom is formed by two ether and two hydroxyl O atoms of two 2-(hydroxy-methyl)tetra-hydro-furan ligands, and by two chloride ions. The chelating tetra-hydro-furan ligands, which form five-membered rings, are cis oriented. The crystal structure is stabilized by hydrogen bonding between the coordinated OH groups and the chloride ions.