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Demidov N, Grebogi M, Bourne C, McKay AP, Cordes DB, Stasch A. A Convenient One-Pot Synthesis of a Sterically Demanding Aniline from Aryllithium Using Trimethylsilyl Azide, Conversion to β-Diketimines and Synthesis of a β-Diketiminate Magnesium Hydride Complex. Molecules 2023; 28:7569. [PMID: 38005290 PMCID: PMC10673297 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This work reports the one-pot synthesis of sterically demanding aniline derivatives from aryllithium species utilising trimethylsilyl azide to introduce amine functionalities and conversions to new examples of a common N,N'-chelating ligand system. The reaction of TripLi (Trip = 2,4,6-iPr3-C6H2) with trimethylsilyl azide afforded the silyltriazene TripN2N(SiMe3)2 in situ, which readily reacts with methanol under dinitrogen elimination to the aniline TripNH2 in good yield. The reaction pathways and by-products of the system have been studied. The extension of this reaction to a much more sterically demanding terphenyl system suggested that TerLi (Ter = 2,6-Trip2-C6H3) slowly reacted with trimethylsilyl azide to form a silyl(terphenyl)triazenide lithium complex in situ, predominantly underwent nitrogen loss to TerN(SiMe3)Li in parallel, which afforded TerN(SiMe3)H after workup, and can be deprotected under acidic conditions to form the aniline TerNH2. TripNH2 was furthermore converted to the sterically demanding β-diketimines RTripnacnacH (=HC{RCN(Trip)}2H), with R = Me, Et and iPr, in one-pot procedures from the corresponding 1,3-diketones. The bulkiest proligand was employed to synthesise the magnesium hydride complex [{(iPrTripnacnac)MgH}2], which shows a distorted dimeric structure caused by the substituents of the sterically demanding ligand moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Andreas Stasch
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews KY16 9ST, UK; (N.D.); (M.G.); (C.B.); (A.P.M.); (D.B.C.)
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2
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Abstract
Heteroatom-centered diradical(oid)s have been in the focus of molecular main group chemistry for nearly 30 years. During this time, the diradical concept has evolved and the focus has shifted to the rational design of diradical(oid)s for specific applications. This review article begins with some important theoretical considerations of the diradical and tetraradical concept. Based on these theoretical considerations, the design of diradical(oid)s in terms of ligand choice, steric, symmetry, electronic situation, element choice, and reactivity is highlighted with examples. In particular, heteroatom-centered diradical reactions are discussed and compared with closed-shell reactions such as pericyclic additions. The comparison between closed-shell reactivity, which proceeds in a concerted manner, and open-shell reactivity, which proceeds in a stepwise fashion, along with considerations of diradical(oid) design, provides a rational understanding of this interesting and unusual class of compounds. The application of diradical(oid)s, for example in small molecule activation or as molecular switches, is also highlighted. The final part of this review begins with application-related details of the spectroscopy of diradical(oid)s, followed by an update of the heteroatom-centered diradical(oid)s and tetraradical(oid)s published in the last 10 years since 2013.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Hinz
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie (AOC), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Engesserstrasse 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Jonas Bresien
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 3a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Frank Breher
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie (AOC), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Engesserstrasse 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Axel Schulz
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 3a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
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3
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Cui P, Mu Y, Gao H, Guo R, Kong L, Cui C. Bulky lithium amides for para-elementation of secondary m-terphenylamines. J Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2021.122205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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4
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You Q, Zhang J, Zhou X. Modification of Yttrium Silyl‐Bridged Amide Alkyl Complexes through Si−H/C−H Cross‐Dehydrocoupling of Silanes with a Silylamino Ligand: Synthesis, Reactivity, and Mechanism. Chemistry 2020; 26:7702-7710. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing You
- Department of ChemistryShanghai Key Laboratory of, Molecular Catalysis and Innovative MaterialsFudan University Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of ChemistryShanghai Key Laboratory of, Molecular Catalysis and Innovative MaterialsFudan University Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
| | - Xigeng Zhou
- Department of ChemistryShanghai Key Laboratory of, Molecular Catalysis and Innovative MaterialsFudan University Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
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Bresien J, Schulz A, Szych LS, Villinger A, Wustrack R. [E(μ-NBbp)]2 (E = P, As) – group 15 biradicals synthesized from acyclic precursors. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:11103-11111. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt01654f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Starting from an acyclic precursor R–N(ECl2)2, the preparation of biradicals of the type [E(μ-NBbp)]2 (E = P, As) was achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Bresien
- Institut für Chemie
- Universität Rostock
- D-18059 Rostock
- Germany
| | - Axel Schulz
- Institut für Chemie
- Universität Rostock
- D-18059 Rostock
- Germany
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock
| | | | | | - Ronald Wustrack
- Institut für Chemie
- Universität Rostock
- D-18059 Rostock
- Germany
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Rocchi D, González JF, Gómez-Carpintero J, González-Ruiz V, Martín MA, Sridharan V, Menéndez JC. Three-Component Synthesis of a Library of m-Terphenyl Derivatives with Embedded β-Aminoester Moieties. ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE 2018; 20:722-731. [PMID: 30248256 DOI: 10.1021/acscombsci.8b00137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The three-component reaction between alkyl- or arylamines, β-ketoesters and chalcones in refluxing ethanol containing a catalytic amount of Ce(IV) ammonium nitrate allowed the construction of a large library of highly substituted dihydro- m-terphenyl derivatives containing β-alkylamino- or β-arylamino ester moieties. This process generates three new bonds and one ring and proceeds in high atom economy, having two molecules of water as the only side product. Another domino process, in which the original MCR was telescoped with a subsequent aza Michael/retro-aza Michael sequence, allowed the one-pot preparation of a library of compounds with a N-unsubstituted β-aminoester fragment. Finally, to extend the structural diversity of these libraries, we also examined the aromatization of the central ring of our compounds in the presence of dichlorodicyanoquinone. This reaction sequence did not affect the integrity of a stereogenic center belonging to the amino component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damiano Rocchi
- Unidad de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan F. González
- Unidad de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Gómez-Carpintero
- Unidad de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Víctor González-Ruiz
- Unidad de Química Analítica, Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Antonia Martín
- Unidad de Química Analítica, Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Vellaisamy Sridharan
- Organic Synthesis Group, Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613401, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences, Central University of Jammu, Rahya-Suchani (Bagla), District-Samba, Jammu-181143, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - J. Carlos Menéndez
- Unidad de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Barnett BR, Figueroa JS. Zero-valent isocyanides of nickel, palladium and platinum as transition metal σ-type Lewis bases. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 52:13829-13839. [PMID: 27826607 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc07863j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Transition metal complexes that contain metal-to-ligand retrodative σ-bonds have become the subject of increasing studies over the last decade. Lewis acidic "Z-type ligands" can modulate the electronic structure of their resultant complexes in a manner distinct from 2e- donor ligands, and can also engage in cooperative reactivity with a Lewis basic transition metal. In this Feature article, we summarize our work with transition metal isocyanide complexes of group 10 metals that have exploited metal-based σ-type Lewis basicity. While the complexes Ni(CNArMes2)3, Pd(CNArDipp2)2 and Pt(CNArDipp2)2 were initially targeted as analogues to unstable, low-coordinate metal carbonyls, it soon became apparent that these zero-valent metal centers bore appreciable Lewis basic qualities due largely to the enhanced σ-donor/π-acid ratio of isocyanides compared to CO. Detailed spectroscopic and structural studies of metal-only Lewis pairs (MOLPs) formed from these complexes have furthered our understanding of the electronic structure perturbations effected by Z-type ligand binding. In addition, the platinum (boryl)iminomethane (BIM) complex Pt(κ2-N,B-Cy2BIM)(CNArDipp2) has illuminated a general ligand design strategy that can engender significant reverse-dative interactions with buttressed Lewis acids, and also has expanded the known scope of cooperative reactivity that can be realized at a transition metal-borane linkage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon R Barnett
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0358, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
| | - Joshua S Figueroa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0358, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
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Schulz A. Group 15 biradicals: synthesis and reactivity of cyclobutane-1,3-diyl and cyclopentane-1,3-diyl analogues. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:12827-12837. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt03038c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis, structure and reactivity of cyclobutane-1,3-diyl and cyclopentane-1,3-diyl analogues are discussed along with their application as molecular switches or reagents to activate or trap small molecules with single or multiple bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Schulz
- Institut für Chemie
- Abteilung Anorganische Chemie
- Universität Rostock
- 18059 Rostock
- Germany
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9
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Shi Y, Li J, Cui C. Synthesis of divalent ytterbium terphenylamide and catalytic application for regioselective hydrosilylation of alkenes. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:10957-10962. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt01837a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Divalent ytterbium terphenylamide exhibited high regioselectivity and activity in the hydrosilylation of alkenes with low catalyst loadings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghua Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- China
| | - Jianfeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- China
| | - Chunming Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering
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Abstract
The development of extremely sterically demanding, monodentate amide ligands facilitates the isolation of main group species with new and highly reactive coordination modes. An outstanding feature of these ligands is the ability to tune their steric demands. Reactivity investigations highlight the potential for small molecule activation chemistry and catalysis for these compounds.
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Hinz A, Schulz A, Seidel WW, Villinger A. A New Class of Azadipnictiridines Generated by an Unusual Rearrangement Reaction. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:11682-90. [DOI: 10.1021/ic501905v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Hinz
- Institut für Chemie, Abteilung Anorganische
Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 3a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Axel Schulz
- Institut für Chemie, Abteilung Anorganische
Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 3a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
- Abteilung Materialdesign, Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Wolfram W. Seidel
- Institut für Chemie, Abteilung Anorganische
Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 3a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Alexander Villinger
- Institut für Chemie, Abteilung Anorganische
Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 3a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
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12
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Schulz A. On The Steric Hindrance of Bulky Substituents - Determination of Their Cone Angles. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201400243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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13
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Schulz A, Villinger A, Westenkirchner A. Synthesis of 1,3-Dichloro-cyclo-1,3-diphosphadiazanes from Silylated Amino(dichloro)phosphanes. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:11457-68. [DOI: 10.1021/ic4017728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Axel Schulz
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 3a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Alexander Villinger
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 3a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Andrea Westenkirchner
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 3a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
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Demeshko S, Godemann C, Kuzora R, Schulz A, Villinger A. Ein Arsen-Stickstoff-Biradikaloid: Synthese, Eigenschaften und Reaktivität. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201208360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Demeshko S, Godemann C, Kuzora R, Schulz A, Villinger A. An Arsenic-Nitrogen Biradicaloid: Synthesis, Properties, and Reactivity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:2105-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201208360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Sattler A, Parkin G. A New Class of Transition Metal Pincer Ligand: Tantalum Complexes that Feature a [CCC] X3-Donor Array Derived from a Terphenyl Ligand. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:2355-66. [DOI: 10.1021/ja210404x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Sattler
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United
States
| | - Gerard Parkin
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United
States
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Beweries T, Kuzora R, Rosenthal U, Schulz A, Villinger A. [P(μ-NTer)]2: A Biradicaloid That Is Stable at High Temperature. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:8974-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201103742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Beweries T, Kuzora R, Rosenthal U, Schulz A, Villinger A. [P(μ-NTer)]2: ein hochtemperaturstabiles Diradikaloid. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201103742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Li J, Stasch A, Schenk C, Jones C. Extremely bulky amido-group 14 element chloride complexes: Potential synthons for low oxidation state main group chemistry. Dalton Trans 2011; 40:10448-56. [DOI: 10.1039/c1dt10678c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Chen Y, Song H, Cui C. Dehydrosilylation of ArNHSiH3 with Ytterbium(II) Amide: Formation of a Dimeric Ytterbium(II) Silanimine Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 49:8958-61. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201004856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Chen Y, Song H, Cui C. Dehydrosilylation of ArNHSiH3 with Ytterbium(II) Amide: Formation of a Dimeric Ytterbium(II) Silanimine Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201004856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Aharonovich S, Botoshansky M, Waymouth RM, Eisen MS. Chemoselectivity Diversity in the Reaction of LiNC6F5SiMe3 with Nitriles and the Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity of Zirconium Mono- and Tris[2-(2-pyridyl)tetrafluorobenzimidazolate] Complexes. Inorg Chem 2010; 49:9217-29. [DOI: 10.1021/ic100696r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sinai Aharonovich
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry and Institute of Catalysis Science and Technology, Kyriat Hatechnion, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Mark Botoshansky
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry and Institute of Catalysis Science and Technology, Kyriat Hatechnion, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Robert M. Waymouth
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5080
| | - Moris S. Eisen
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry and Institute of Catalysis Science and Technology, Kyriat Hatechnion, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
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Wang X, Ni C, Zhu Z, Fettinger JC, Power PP. N-H and N=C bond formation via germanium(III) diradicaloid intermediates and C-S bond cleavage in reactions of the digermyne Ar'GeGeAr' (Ar' = C6H3-2,6-(C6H3-2,6-Pr(i)2)2) with azides. Inorg Chem 2010; 48:2464-70. [PMID: 19267503 DOI: 10.1021/ic801713v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Reactions of the digermyne Ar'GeGeAr' (Ar' = C(6)H(3)-2,6(C(6)H(3)-2,6-Pr(i)(2))(2)) (1) with four different azides R'N(3) (R = Me(3)Sn, (n)Bu(3)Sn, PhSCH(2), or 1-adamantanyl) are described. Treatment of 1 with Me(3)SnN(3) or (n)Bu(3)SnN(3) afforded the low-valent germanium (II) parent amido derivative, Ar'Ge(mu(2)-NH(2))(2)GeAr' (3) or the high-valent germanium (IV) parent imido derivative, Ar'((n)Bu(3)Sn)Ge(mu(2)-NH)(2)Ge(Sn(n)Bu(3))Ar' (4), respectively. Addition of AdN(3) (Ad =1-admantanyl) yielded a monoimide bridged species Ar'Ge(mu(2)-NAd)GeAr' (5). The structure of 5 differs from that of the diradicaloid Ar'Ge(mu(2)-NSiMe(3))(2)GeAr' (2), which was previously obtained from the analogous reaction of 1 with Me(3)SiN(3). The reaction of 1 with PhSCH(2)N(3) afforded the germanium ketimide Ar'Ge(SPh)(2)(N=CH(2)) (6) containing the imino -N=CH(2) functional group. These reactions demonstrate a remarkable product dependence on the azide substituent. All compounds were spectroscopically and structurally characterized. Both 3 and 4 feature a four-membered Ge(2)N(2) core. The structure of 5 is stabilized by CH-pi interactions while 6 features a rare example of a pi-pi interaction between an aromatic ring and a non-aromatic double bond (N=C). The mechanism of formation of 3-6 are discussed. It is proposed that 3 and 4 are obtained via diradical imido intermediates followed by H-abstraction from solvents, whereas 6 was formed by the activation of azide group in concert with C-S bond cleavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinping Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, California 95616, USA
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Reiß F, Schulz A, Villinger A, Weding N. Synthesis of sterically encumbered 2,4-bis-m-terphenyl-1,3-dichloro-2,4-cyclo-dipnictadiazanes [m-TerNPnCl]2, (Pn = P, As). Dalton Trans 2010; 39:9962-72. [DOI: 10.1039/c0dt00700e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Schulz
- Universität Rostock Institut für Chemie Albert-Einstein-Str.3a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Alexander Villinger
- Universität Rostock Institut für Chemie Albert-Einstein-Str.3a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
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Ni C, Fettinger JC, Long GJ, Power PP. Spin-State Crossover with Structural Changes in a Cobalt(II) Organometallic Species: Low-Coordinate, First Row, Heteroleptic Amido Transition Metal Aryls. Synthesis and Characterization of Ar′MN(H)Ar# (M = Mn, Fe, Co) (Ar′ = C6H3-2,6-(C6H3-2,6-iPr2)2, Ar# = C6H3-2,6-(C6H2-2,4,6-Me3)2). Inorg Chem 2009; 48:2443-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ic801660a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chengbao Ni
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, California 95616, and Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409
| | - James C. Fettinger
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, California 95616, and Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409
| | - Gary J. Long
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, California 95616, and Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409
| | - Philip P. Power
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, California 95616, and Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409
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Baumann W, Schulz A, Villinger A. A Blue Homoleptic Bismuth-Nitrogen Cation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:9530-2. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200803987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Baumann W, Schulz A, Villinger A. Ein blaues homoleptisches Bismut-Stickstoff-Kation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200803987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Michalik D, Schulz A, Villinger A. Lewis-Acid-Assisted Methyl Exchange Reactions In Silylated Aminodichloroarsanes. Inorg Chem 2008; 47:11798-806. [DOI: 10.1021/ic801526n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Michalik
- Institut für Chemie, Abteilung Anorganische Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 3a, 18059 Rostock, Germany, and Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Axel Schulz
- Institut für Chemie, Abteilung Anorganische Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 3a, 18059 Rostock, Germany, and Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Alexander Villinger
- Institut für Chemie, Abteilung Anorganische Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 3a, 18059 Rostock, Germany, and Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
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Michalik D, Schulz A, Villinger A, Weding N. A cationic cyclic phosphorus(III) azide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:6465-8. [PMID: 18618885 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200801674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Michalik
- Universität Rostock, Institut für Chemie, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 3a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
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Armstrong D, Graham D, Kennedy A, Mulvey R, O'Hara C. A Structural and Computational Study of Synthetically Important Alkali-Metal/Tetramethylpiperidide (TMP) Amine Solvates. Chemistry 2008; 14:8025-34. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200800158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Fox BJ, Sun QY, DiPasquale AG, Fox AR, Rheingold AL, Figueroa JS. Solution Behavior and Structural Properties of Cu(I) Complexes Featuring m-Terphenyl Isocyanides. Inorg Chem 2008; 47:9010-20. [DOI: 10.1021/ic8010986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brian J. Fox
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358
| | - Queena Y. Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358
| | - Antonio G. DiPasquale
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358
| | - Alexander R. Fox
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358
| | - Arnold L. Rheingold
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358
| | - Joshua S. Figueroa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358
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Michalik D, Schulz A, Villinger A, Weding N. Ein kationisches cyclisches Phosphor(III)-azid. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200801674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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36
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Hitchcock PB, Khvostov AV, Lappert MF, Protchenko AV. Lanthanide(II) Complexes of the Dihydrotriazinido Ligand [N{C(Ph)=N}2C(tBu)Ph]−. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.200800089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Cheng X, Zhang J, Song H, Cui C. Synthesis and Characterization of the Monomeric Vicinal Dianion Li2(THF)3[ArNC(SiMe3)2] and the Aluminum and Lithium Derivatives of the Amido Ligand [ArNCH(SiMe3)2]−. Organometallics 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/om700972a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Cheng
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Element-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Element-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haibin Song
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Element-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunming Cui
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Element-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
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Rivard E, Power PP. Recent developments in the chemistry of low valent Group 14 hydrides. Dalton Trans 2008:4336-43. [DOI: 10.1039/b801400k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Rivard E, Merrill WA, Fettinger JC, Wolf R, Spikes GH, Power PP. Boron−Pnictogen Multiple Bonds: Donor-Stabilized PB and AsB Bonds and a Hindered Iminoborane with a B−N Triple Bond. Inorg Chem 2007; 46:2971-8. [PMID: 17338516 DOI: 10.1021/ic062076n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Reaction of the hindered phosphino- and arsinoboranes, Ar*Pn(H)-B(Br)Tmp (Ar* = -C6H3-2,6-(C6H2-2,4,6-iPr3)2; Tmp = 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidino; Pn = P and As, 1 and 3, respectively) with 4-dimethylaminopyridine, DMAP, afforded the boranylidenephosphane and arsane, Ar*Pn=B(DMAP)Tmp (Pn = P and As, 2 and 4) as deep red-purple solids. The analogous aminoboranes Ar'N(H)-B(X)Tmp (Ar' = -C6H3-2,6-(C6H2-2,4,6-Me3)2; X = Cl and Br; 5 and 6) did not display any reactivity with DMAP, but in the presence of the amide base, Na[N(SiMe3)2], the clean formation of the uncomplexed iminoborane Ar'NBTmp (7) was observed. Attempts to generate an Sb=B bond were unsuccessful, as the required stibinoborane precursor, Ar*Sb(H)-B(Br)Tmp, could not be prepared; in place of clean Sb-B bond formation, the reduced product Ar*Sb=SbAr* was obtained. All compounds were characterized spectroscopically, and the X-ray crystal structures of 1, 2, 4, 6, and 7 were determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Rivard
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
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Wright RJ, Brynda M, Fettinger JC, Betzer AR, Power PP. Quasi-Isomeric Gallium Amides and Imides GaNR2 and RGaNR (R = Organic Group): Reactions of the Digallene, Ar‘GaGaAr‘ (Ar‘ = C6H3-2,6-(C6H3-2,6-Pri2)2) with Unsaturated Nitrogen Compounds. J Am Chem Soc 2006; 128:12498-509. [PMID: 16984201 DOI: 10.1021/ja063072k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Reactions of the "digallene" Ar'GaGaAr'(1) (Ar' = C(6)H(3)-2,6-(C(6)H(3)-2,6-Pr(i)(2))(2)), which dissociates to green :GaAr' monomers in solution, with unsaturated N-N-bonded molecules are described. Treatment of solutions of :GaAr' with the bulky azide N(3)Ar(#) (Ar(#) = C(6)H(3)-2,6-(C(6)H(2)-2,6-Me(2)-4-Bu(t))(2)), afforded the red imide Ar'GaNAr(#) (2). Addition of the azobenzenes, ArylNNAryl (Aryl = C(6)H(4)-4-Me (p-tolyl), mesityl, and C(6)H(3)-2,6-Et(2)) yielded the 1,2-Ga(2)N(2) ring compound Ar'GaN(p-tolyl)N(p-tolyl)GaA' (3) or the products MesN=NC(6)H(2)-2,4-Me(2)-6-Ga(Me)Ar' (4) and 2,6-Et(2)C(6)H(3)N=NC(6)H(3)-2-Et-6-Ga(Et)Ar' (5). Reaction of GaAr' with N(2)CPh(2) yielded the 1,3-Ga(2)N(2) ring compound Ar'Ga(mu:eta(1)-N(2)CPh(2))(2)GaAr' (6), which is quasi-isomeric to 3. Calculations on simple model isomers showed that the Ga(I) amide GaNR(2) (R = Me) is much more stable than the isomeric Ga(III) imide RGaNR. This led to the synthesis of the first stable monomeric Ga(I) amide, GaN(SiMe(3))Ar' ' (8) (Ar' ' = C(6)H(3)-2,6-(C(6)H(2)-2,4,6-Me(3))(2) from the reaction of LiN(SiMe(3))Ar' ' (7) and "GaI". Compound 8 is also the first one-coordinate gallium species to be characterized in the solid state. The reaction of 8 with N(3)Ar' ' afforded the amido-imide derivative Ar' 'NGaN(SiMe(3))Ar' ' (9), a gallium nitrogen analogue of an allyl anion. All compounds were spectroscopically and structurally characterized. In addition, DFT calculations were performed on model compounds of the amide, imide, and cyclic 1,2- and 1,3-species to better understand their bonding. The pairs of compounds 2 and 8 as well as 3 and 6 are rare examples of quasi-isomeric heavier main group element compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Wright
- Department of Chemistry, One Shields Avenue, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
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