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G Jafari M, Fehn D, Reinholdt A, Hernández-Prieto C, Patel P, Gau MR, Carroll PJ, Krzystek J, Liu C, Ozarowski A, Telser J, Delferro M, Meyer K, Mindiola DJ. Tale of Three Molecular Nitrides: Mononuclear Vanadium (V) and (IV) Nitrides As Well As a Mixed-Valence Trivanadium Nitride Having a V 3N 4 Double-Diamond Core. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:10201-10219. [PMID: 35652694 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c00276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Transmetallation of [VCl3(THF)3] and [TlTptBu,Me] afforded [(TptBu,Me)VCl2] (1, TptBu,Me = hydro-tris(3-tert-butyl-5-methylpyrazol-1-yl)borate), which was reduced with KC8 to form a C3v symmetric VII complex, [(TptBu,Me)VCl] (2). Complex 1 has a high-spin (S = 1) ground state and displays rhombic high-frequency and -field electron paramagnetic resonance (HFEPR) spectra, while complex 2 has an S = 3/2 4A2 ground state observable by conventional EPR spectroscopy. Complex 1 reacts with NaN3 to form the VV nitride-azide complex [(TptBu,Me)V≡N(N3)] (3). A likely VIII azide intermediate en route to 3, [(TptBu,Me)VCl(N3)] (4), was isolated by reacting 1 with N3SiMe3. Complex 4 is thermally stable but reacts with NaN3 to form 3, implying a bis-azide intermediate, [(TptBu,Me)V(N3)2] (A), leading to 3. Reduction of 3 with KC8 furnishes a trinuclear and mixed-valent nitride, [{(TptBu,Me)V}2(μ4-VN4)] (5), conforming to a Robin-Day class I description. Complex 5 features a central vanadium ion supported only by bridging nitride ligands. Contrary to 1, complex 2 reacts with NaN3 to produce an azide-bridged dimer, [{(TptBu,Me)V}2(1,3-μ2-N3)2] (6), with two antiferromagnetically coupled high-spin VII ions. Complex 5 could be independently produced along with [(κ2-TptBu,Me)2V] upon photolysis of 6 in arene solvents. The putative {VIV≡N} intermediate, [(TptBu,Me)V≡N] (B), was intercepted by photolyzing 6 in a coordinating solvent, such as tetrahydrofuran (THF), yielding [(TptBu,Me)V≡N(THF)] (B-THF). In arene solvents, B-THF expels THF to afford 5 and [(κ2-TptBu,Me)2V]. A more stable adduct (B-OPPh3) was prepared by reacting B-THF with OPPh3. These adducts of B are the first neutral and mononuclear VIV nitride complexes to be isolated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrafshan G Jafari
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Dominik Fehn
- Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anders Reinholdt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Cristina Hernández-Prieto
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Prajay Patel
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Michael R Gau
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Patrick J Carroll
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - J Krzystek
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Cong Liu
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Andrew Ozarowski
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Joshua Telser
- Department of Biological, Physical and Health Sciences, Roosevelt University, Chicago, Illinois 60605, United States
| | - Massimiliano Delferro
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Karsten Meyer
- Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Daniel J Mindiola
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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Abstract
Magnetic anisotropy, in the absence of an external magnetic field, relates to the degeneracy lift of energy levels. In the standard case of transition metal complexes, this property is usually modeled by an anisotropic spin Hamiltonian and one speaks of "zero-field splitting" (ZFS) of spin states. While the case of mononuclear complexes has been extensively described by means of ab initio quantum mechanical calculations, the literature on polynuclear complexes studied with these methodologies is rather scarce. In this work, advanced multiconfigurational wave function theory methods are applied to compute the ZFS of the ground S = 4 state of an actual tetranickel(II) complex, displaying a magnet behavior below 0.5 K. First, the isotropic couplings are computed in the absence of the spin-orbit coupling operator, in the full complex and also in clusters with only two active nickel(II) centers, confirming the occurrence of weak ferromagnetic couplings in this system. Second, the single-site magnetic anisotropies are computed on a cluster bearing only one active nickel(II) site, showing that the single-site anisotropy axes are not oriented in an optimal fashion for generating a large uniaxial molecular anisotropy. Furthermore, the possibility for involving only a few local orbital excited states in the calculation is assessed, actually opening the way for a consistent and manageable treatment of the ZFS of the ground S = 4 state. Third, multiconfigurational calculations are performed on the full complex, confirming the weak uniaxial anisotropy occurring for this state and also, interestingly, revealing a significant contribution of the lowest-lying orbitally excited S = 3 states. Overall, by comparison with the experiment, the reported results question the common habit of using only one structure, in particular derived from a crystallography experiment, to compute magnetic anisotropy parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rémi Maurice
- SUBATECH, UMR CNRS 6457, IN2P3/IMT Atlantique/Université de Nantes, 4 rue A. Kastler, 44307 Nantes Cedex 3, France
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Roemelt M, Krewald V, Pantazis DA. Exchange Coupling Interactions from the Density Matrix Renormalization Group and N-Electron Valence Perturbation Theory: Application to a Biomimetic Mixed-Valence Manganese Complex. J Chem Theory Comput 2017; 14:166-179. [PMID: 29211960 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.7b01035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The accurate description of magnetic level energetics in oligonuclear exchange-coupled transition-metal complexes remains a formidable challenge for quantum chemistry. The density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) brings such systems for the first time easily within reach of multireference wave function methods by enabling the use of unprecedentedly large active spaces. But does this guarantee systematic improvement in predictive ability and, if so, under which conditions? We identify operational parameters in the use of DMRG using as a test system an experimentally characterized mixed-valence bis-μ-oxo/μ-acetato Mn(III,IV) dimer, a model for the oxygen-evolving complex of photosystem II. A complete active space of all metal 3d and bridge 2p orbitals proved to be the smallest meaningful starting point; this is readily accessible with DMRG and greatly improves on the unrealistic metal-only configuration interaction or complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) values. Orbital optimization is critical for stabilizing the antiferromagnetic state, while a state-averaged approach over all spin states involved is required to avoid artificial deviations from isotropic behavior that are associated with state-specific calculations. Selective inclusion of localized orbital subspaces enables probing the relative contributions of different ligands and distinct superexchange pathways. Overall, however, full-valence DMRG-CASSCF calculations fall short of providing a quantitative description of the exchange coupling owing to insufficient recovery of dynamic correlation. Quantitatively accurate results can be achieved through a DMRG implementation of second order N-electron valence perturbation theory (NEVPT2) in conjunction with a full-valence metal and ligand active space. Perspectives for future applications of DMRG-CASSCF/NEVPT2 to exchange coupling in oligonuclear clusters are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Roemelt
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, Ruhr-University Bochum , 44780 Bochum, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Coal Research, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Vera Krewald
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath , Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Dimitrios A Pantazis
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstraße 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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El-Khatib F, Cahier B, Shao F, López-Jordà M, Guillot R, Rivière E, Hafez H, Saad Z, Girerd JJ, Guihéry N, Mallah T. Design and Magnetic Properties of a Mononuclear Co(II) Single Molecule Magnet and Its Antiferromagnetically Coupled Binuclear Derivative. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:4602-4609. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b00205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatima El-Khatib
- Institut de Chimie
Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay, CNRS, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris Saclay, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
- Lebanese University, Inorganic & Environmental Chemistry Laboratory (IECL), Faculty of Sciences I, Hadath, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Benjamin Cahier
- Institut de Chimie
Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay, CNRS, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris Saclay, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Feng Shao
- Institut de Chimie
Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay, CNRS, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris Saclay, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Maurici López-Jordà
- Institut de Chimie
Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay, CNRS, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris Saclay, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Régis Guillot
- Institut de Chimie
Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay, CNRS, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris Saclay, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Eric Rivière
- Institut de Chimie
Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay, CNRS, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris Saclay, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Hala Hafez
- Lebanese University, Inorganic & Environmental Chemistry Laboratory (IECL), Faculty of Sciences I, Hadath, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Zeinab Saad
- Lebanese University, Inorganic & Environmental Chemistry Laboratory (IECL), Faculty of Sciences I, Hadath, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jean-Jacques Girerd
- Institut de Chimie
Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay, CNRS, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris Saclay, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Nathalie Guihéry
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques, Université Toulouse III, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Talal Mallah
- Institut de Chimie
Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay, CNRS, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris Saclay, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
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Caneschi A, Gatteschi D, Totti F. Molecular magnets and surfaces: A promising marriage. A DFT insight. Coord Chem Rev 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2014.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Spivak M, Angeli C, Calzado CJ, de Graaf C. Improving the calculation of magnetic coupling constants in MRPT methods. J Comput Chem 2014; 35:1665-71. [DOI: 10.1002/jcc.23672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Revised: 05/31/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariano Spivak
- Departament de Quimica Fisica i Inorgànica; Universitat Rovira i Virgili; Marcel lí Domingo s/n E-43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Celestino Angeli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Famaceutiche; Università di Ferrara; Via Fossato di Mortara 17 I-44121 Ferrara Italy
| | - Carmen J. Calzado
- Departamento de Química Física; Universidad de Sevilla; c/Profesor García González s/n E-41012 Sevilla Spain
| | - Coen de Graaf
- Departament de Quimica Fisica i Inorgànica; Universitat Rovira i Virgili; Marcel lí Domingo s/n E-43007 Tarragona Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA); Passeig Lluis Companys 23 08010 Barcelona Spain
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Malrieu JP, Caballol R, Calzado CJ, de Graaf C, Guihéry N. Magnetic interactions in molecules and highly correlated materials: physical content, analytical derivation, and rigorous extraction of magnetic Hamiltonians. Chem Rev 2013; 114:429-92. [PMID: 24102410 DOI: 10.1021/cr300500z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 282] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jean Paul Malrieu
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques, Université de Toulouse 3 , 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
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Maurice R, Graaf CD, Guihéry N. Theoretical determination of spin Hamiltonians with isotropic and anisotropic magnetic interactions in transition metal and lanthanide complexes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:18784-804. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp52521j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Semenaka VV, Nesterova OV, Kokozay VN, Dyakonenko VV, Zubatyuk RI, Shishkin OV, Boča R, Jezierska J, Ozarowski A. CrIII−CrIII Interactions in Two Alkoxo-Bridged Heterometallic Zn2Cr2 Complexes Self-Assembled from Zinc Oxide, Reinecke’s Salt, and Diethanolamine. Inorg Chem 2010; 49:5460-71. [DOI: 10.1021/ic1000123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valentyna V. Semenaka
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, National Taras Shevchenko University, Volodymyrska Street 64, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
| | - Oksana V. Nesterova
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, National Taras Shevchenko University, Volodymyrska Street 64, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
| | - Volodymyr N. Kokozay
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, National Taras Shevchenko University, Volodymyrska Street 64, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
| | - Viktoriya V. Dyakonenko
- STC “Institute for Single Crystals”, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 60 Lenin Avenue, Kharkiv 61001, Ukraine
| | - Roman I. Zubatyuk
- STC “Institute for Single Crystals”, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 60 Lenin Avenue, Kharkiv 61001, Ukraine
| | - Oleg V. Shishkin
- STC “Institute for Single Crystals”, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 60 Lenin Avenue, Kharkiv 61001, Ukraine
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, 4 Svobody Sq., Kharkiv 61077, Ukraine
| | - Roman Boča
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, FCHPT, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinskeho 9, 81237 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Julia Jezierska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, F. Joliot-Curie Street 14, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Andrew Ozarowski
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, Florida 32310
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Zein S, Poor Kalhor M, Chibotaru LF, Chermette H. Density functional estimations of Heisenberg exchange constants in oligonuclear magnetic compounds: Assessment of density functional theory versus ab initio. J Chem Phys 2009; 131:224316. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3264570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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11
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Bencini A, Totti F. A Few Comments on the Application of Density Functional Theory to the Calculation of the Magnetic Structure of Oligo-Nuclear Transition Metal Clusters. J Chem Theory Comput 2008; 5:144-54. [DOI: 10.1021/ct800361x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Bencini
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Federico Totti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
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12
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Bencini A. Some considerations on the proper use of computational tools in transition metal chemistry. Inorganica Chim Acta 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2008.03.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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