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Sharma K, Sharma V, Sharma SS. Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells: Fundamentals and Current Status. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2018; 13:381. [PMID: 30488132 PMCID: PMC6261913 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-018-2760-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) belong to the group of thin-film solar cells which have been under extensive research for more than two decades due to their low cost, simple preparation methodology, low toxicity and ease of production. Still, there is lot of scope for the replacement of current DSSC materials due to their high cost, less abundance, and long-term stability. The efficiency of existing DSSCs reaches up to 12%, using Ru(II) dyes by optimizing material and structural properties which is still less than the efficiency offered by first- and second-generation solar cells, i.e., other thin-film solar cells and Si-based solar cells which offer ~ 20-30% efficiency. This article provides an in-depth review on DSSC construction, operating principle, key problems (low efficiency, low scalability, and low stability), prospective efficient materials, and finally a brief insight to commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khushboo Sharma
- Department of Physics, Bhagwant University, Ajmer, 305004 India
| | - Vinay Sharma
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798 Singapore
| | - S. S. Sharma
- Department of Physics, Govt. Women Engineering College, Ajmer, 305002 India
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Astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis as a natural photosensitizer for dye-sensitized solar cell. ALGAL RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2017.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Pashaei B, Shahroosvand H, Graetzel M, Nazeeruddin MK. Influence of Ancillary Ligands in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. Chem Rev 2016; 116:9485-564. [PMID: 27479482 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have motivated many researchers to develop various sensitizers with tailored properties involving anchoring and ancillary ligands. Ancillary ligands carry favorable light-harvesting abilities and are therefore crucial in determining the overall power conversion efficiencies. The use of ancillary ligands having aliphatic chains and/or π-extended aromatic units decreases charge recombination and permits the collection of a large fraction of sunlight. This review aims to provide insight into the relationship between ancillary ligand structure and DSSC properties, which can further guide the function-oriented design and synthesis of different sensitizers for DSSCs. This review outlines how the new and rapidly expanding class of chelating ancillary ligands bearing 2,2'-bipyridyl, 1,10-phenanthroline, carbene, dipyridylamine, pyridyl-benzimidazole, pyridyl-azolate, and other aromatic ligands provides a conduit for potentially enhancing the performance and stability of DSSCs. Finally, these classes of Ru polypyridyl complexes have gained increasing interest for feasible large-scale commercialization of DSSCs due to their more favorable light-harvesting abilities and long-term thermal and chemical stabilities compared with other conventional sensitizers. Therefore, the main idea is to inspire readers to explore new avenues in the design of new sensitizers for DSSCs based on different ancillary ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Pashaei
- Chemistry Department, University of Zanjan , Zanjan, Iran
| | | | - Michael Graetzel
- Laboratory for Photonics and Interfaces, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mohammad Khaja Nazeeruddin
- Group for Molecular Engineering of Functional Materials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , CH-1951 Sion, Switzerland
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Manvar A, O'Shea DF. Trimethylsilyloxide-Catalysed Peterson Olefinations with 2,2-Bis(trimethylsilyl)-1,3-dithiane. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201501185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Mengel AKC, Cho W, Breivogel A, Char K, Soo Kang Y, Heinze K. A Bis(tridentate)cobalt Polypyridine Complex as Mediator in Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells. Eur J Inorg Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201500252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas K. C. Mengel
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10–14, 55128 Mainz, Germany, https://www.blogs.uni‐mainz.de/fb09ak‐heinze/
| | - Woohyung Cho
- The Department of Energy Engineering and Center for Next Generation Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni‐ro, Seongdong‐gu, Seoul 133‐791, Korea
| | - Aaron Breivogel
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10–14, 55128 Mainz, Germany, https://www.blogs.uni‐mainz.de/fb09ak‐heinze/
| | - Kookheon Char
- The National Creative Research Initiative Center for Intelligent Hybrids, School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak‐ro, Gwanak‐gu, Seoul 151‐744, Korea
| | - Yong Soo Kang
- The Department of Energy Engineering and Center for Next Generation Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni‐ro, Seongdong‐gu, Seoul 133‐791, Korea
| | - Katja Heinze
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10–14, 55128 Mainz, Germany, https://www.blogs.uni‐mainz.de/fb09ak‐heinze/
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Swetha T, Niveditha S, Bhanuprakash K, Islam A, Han L, Bedja IM, Fallahpour R, Singh SP. New heteroleptic benzimidazole functionalized Ru-sensitizer showing the highest efficiency for dye-sensitized solar cells. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2014.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Wang Q, Wu W, Ho CL, Xue L, Lin Z, Li H, Lo YH, Wong WY. Ruthenium(II) Photosensitizers with Electron-Rich Diarylamino-Functionalized 2,2′-Bipyridines and Their Application in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. Eur J Inorg Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201402396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Abdou EM, Hafez HS, Bakir E, Abdel-Mottaleb MSA. Photostability of low cost dye-sensitized solar cells based on natural and synthetic dyes. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2013; 115:202-207. [PMID: 23832227 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2013.05.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Revised: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 05/24/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This paper deals with the use of some natural pigments as well as synthetic dyes to act as sensitizers in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Anthocyanin dye extracted from rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) flowers, the commercially available textile dye Remazole Red RB-133 (RR) and merocyanin-like dye based on 7-methyl coumarin are tested. The photostability of the three dyes is investigated under UV-Vis light exposure. The results show a relatively high stability of the three dyes. Moreover, the photostability of the solid dyes is studied over the TiO2 film electrodes. A very low decolorization rates are recorded as; rate constants k=1.6, 2.1 and 1.9×10(-3)min(-1) for anthocyanin, RR and coumarin dyes, respectively. The stability results favor selecting anthocyanin as a promising sensitizer candidate in DSSCs based on natural products. Dyes-sensitized solar cells are fabricated and their conversion efficiency (η) is 0.27%, 0.14% and 0.001% for the anthocyanin, RR and coumarin dyes, respectively. Moreover, stability tests of the sealed cells based on anthocyanin and RR dyes are done under continuous light exposure of 100mWcm(-2), reveals highly stable DSSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M Abdou
- Nano-Photochemistry and Solar chemistry Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, 11566 Cairo, Egypt
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Giribabu L, Kanaparthi RK, Velkannan V. Molecular engineering of sensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cell applications. CHEM REC 2012; 12:306-28. [PMID: 22700448 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201100044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have attracted considerable attention in recent years as they offer the possibility of low-cost conversion of photovoltaic energy. This account focuses on recent advances in molecular design and technological aspects of sensitizers based on metal complexes, metal-free organics and tetrapyrrolic compounds which include porphyrins, phthalocyanines as well as corroles. Special attention has been paid to the design principles of these dyes, and co-sensitization, an emerging technique to extend the absorption range, is also discussed as a way to improve the performance of the device. This account also focuses on recent advances of efficient ruthenium sensitizers as well as other metal complexes and their applications in DSSCs. Recent developments in the area of metal-free organic and tetrapyrrolic sensitizers are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingamallu Giribabu
- Inorganic & Physical Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad-500607, India.
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Theoretical studies of the structures and spectroscopic properties of the photoelectrochemical cell ruthenium sensitizers, C101 and J13. Sci China Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-011-4483-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Noureldine D, Shoker T, Musameh M, Ghaddar TH. Investigation of carbon nanotube webs as counter electrodes in a new organic electrolyte based dye sensitized solar cell. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c1jm15055c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Kisserwan H, Kamar A, Shoker T, Ghaddar TH. Photophysical properties of new cyclometalated ruthenium complexes and their use in dye sensitized solar cells. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:10643-51. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt30482a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Hallett AJ, Jones JE. Purification-free synthesis of a highly efficient ruthenium dye complex for dye-sensitised solar cells (DSSCs). Dalton Trans 2011; 40:3871-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c0dt01374a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Kisserwan H, Ghaddar TH. Enhancement of photocurrent in dye sensitized solar cells incorporating a cyclometalated ruthenium complex with cuprous iodide as an electrolyte additive. Dalton Trans 2011; 40:3877-84. [DOI: 10.1039/c0dt01554g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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