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Mattioli EJ, Cipriani B, Zerbetto F, Marforio TD, Calvaresi M. Interaction of Au(III) with amino acids: a vade mecum for medicinal chemistry and nanotechnology. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:5162-5170. [PMID: 38687242 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00204k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Au(III) is highly reactive. At odds with its reduced counterpart, Au(I), it is hardly present in structural databases. And yet, it is the starting reactant to form gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) and the constitutive component of a new class of drugs. Its reactivity is a world apart from that of the iso-electronic Pt(II) species. Rather than DNA, it targets proteins. Its interaction with amino acid residues is manifold. It can strongly interact with the residue backbones, amino acid side chains and protein ends, it can form appropriate complexes whose stabilization energy reaches up to more than 40 kcal mol-1, it can affect the pKa of amino acid residues, and it can promote charge transfer from the residues to the amount that it is reduced. Here, quantum chemical calculations provide quantitative information on all the processes where Au(III) can be involved. A myriad of structural arrangements are examined in order to determine the strongest interactions and quantify the amount of charge transfer between protonated and deprotonated residues and Au(III). The calculated interaction energies of the amino acid side chains with Au(III) quantitatively reproduce the experimental tendency of Au(III) to interact with selenocysteine, cysteine and histidine and negatively charged amino acids such as Glu and Asp. Also, aromatic residues such as tyrosine and tryptophan strongly interact with Au(III). In proteins, basic pH plays a role in the deprotonation of cysteine, lysine and tyrosine and strongly increases the binding affinity of Au(III) toward these amino acids. The amino acid residues in the protein can also trigger the reduction of Au(III) ions. Sulfur-containing amino acids (cysteine and methionine) and selenocysteine provide almost one electron to Au(III) upon binding. Tyrosine also shows a considerable tendency to act as a reductant. Other amino acids, commonly identified in Au-protein adducts, such as Ser, Trp, Thr, Gln, Glu, Asn, Asp, Lys, Arg and His, possess a notable reducing power toward Au(III). These results and their discussion form a vade mecum that can find application in medicinal chemistry and nanotech applications of Au(III).
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Jun Mattioli
- Dipartimento di Chimica ''G. Ciamician'', Alma Mater Studiorum - Universita di Bologna, via F. Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Beatrice Cipriani
- Dipartimento di Chimica ''G. Ciamician'', Alma Mater Studiorum - Universita di Bologna, via F. Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Francesco Zerbetto
- Dipartimento di Chimica ''G. Ciamician'', Alma Mater Studiorum - Universita di Bologna, via F. Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Tainah Dorina Marforio
- Dipartimento di Chimica ''G. Ciamician'', Alma Mater Studiorum - Universita di Bologna, via F. Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Matteo Calvaresi
- Dipartimento di Chimica ''G. Ciamician'', Alma Mater Studiorum - Universita di Bologna, via F. Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
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Poulie CBM, Larsen Y, Leteneur C, Barthet G, Bjørn-Yoshimoto WE, Malhaire F, Nielsen B, Pin JP, Mulle C, Pickering DS, Bunch L. ( S)-2-Mercaptohistidine: A First Selective Orthosteric GluK3 Antagonist. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:1580-1587. [PMID: 35475632 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of tool compounds for the ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) remains an important research objective, as these are essential for the study and understanding of the roles of these receptors in health and disease. Herein, we report on the pharmacological characterization of (S)-2-hydroxyhistidine (2a) and (S)-2-mercaptohistidine (2b) as mediators of glutamatergic neurotransmission. While 2a displayed negligible binding affinity or activity at all glutamate receptors and transporters investigated, 2b displayed selectivity for homomeric GluK3 with binding affinities in the low micromolar range (Ki = 6.42 ± 0.74 μM). The iGluR subtype selectivity ratio for 2b was calculated at ∼30-fold for GluK1/GluK3, GluA3/GluK3, and GluA4/GluK3 and >100-fold for GluK2/GluK3, GluA1/GluK3, and GluA2/GluK3. Unexpectedly, functional characterization of 2b revealed that the compound is an antagonist (Kb = 7.6 μM) at homomeric GluK3 receptors while exhibiting only weak agonist activity at GluA2 (EC50 = 3.25 ± 0.55 mM). The functional properties of 2b were explored further in electrophysiological recordings of mouse hippocampal neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian B. M. Poulie
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Younes Larsen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Cindie Leteneur
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, IINS, UMR 5297, Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Gaël Barthet
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, IINS, UMR 5297, Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Walden E. Bjørn-Yoshimoto
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Fanny Malhaire
- IGF, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, F-34094 Montpellier, France
| | - Birgitte Nielsen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jean-Phillippe Pin
- IGF, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, F-34094 Montpellier, France
| | - Christophe Mulle
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, IINS, UMR 5297, Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Darryl S. Pickering
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lennart Bunch
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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A. Sulaiman AA, Omer KH, Kawde AN, M. Wazeer MI, Altaf M, Musa MM, Ahmad S, Isab AA. Spectroscopic and Electrochemical Studies of the Interaction of Some Gold(III) Complexes with Biologically Relevant Thiones. INT J CHEM KINET 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.21149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam A. A. Sulaiman
- Lab Technical Support Office (LTSO); King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals; Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid H. Omer
- Department of Chemistry; King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals; Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdel-Nasser Kawde
- Department of Chemistry; King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals; Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia
| | - M. I. M. Wazeer
- Department of Chemistry; King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals; Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Altaf
- Center of Research Excellence in Nanotechnology; King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals; Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia
| | - Musa M. Musa
- Department of Chemistry; King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals; Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry; College of Sciences and Humanities; Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University; Al-Kharj 11942 Saudi Arabia
| | - Anvarhusein A. Isab
- Department of Chemistry; King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals; Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia
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Đurović MD, Bugarčić ŽD, van Eldik R. Stability and reactivity of gold compounds – From fundamental aspects to applications. Coord Chem Rev 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2017.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Omer KH, Seliman AAA, Al-Mohsin HA, Kawde AN, Altaf M, Wazeer MIM, Ahmad S, Musa MM, Isab AA. Study of the Interaction of Some Potential Anticancer Gold(III) Complexes with Biologically Important Thiols Using NMR, UV-Vis, and Electrochemistry. INT J CHEM KINET 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.21083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Khalid H. Omer
- Department of Chemistry; King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals; Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia
| | - Adam A. A. Seliman
- Department of Chemistry; King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals; Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan A. Al-Mohsin
- Department of Chemistry; King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals; Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdel-Nasser Kawde
- Department of Chemistry; King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals; Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Altaf
- Center of Research Excellence in Nanotechnology; King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals; Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed I. M. Wazeer
- Department of Chemistry; King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals; Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry; College of Sciences and Humanities; Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University; Al-Kharj 11942 Saudi Arabia
| | - Musa M. Musa
- Department of Chemistry; King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals; Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia
| | - Anvarhusein A. Isab
- Department of Chemistry; King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals; Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia
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Seliman AA, Altaf M, Kawde AN, Wazeer MI, Isab AA. NMR and kinetic studies of the interactions of [Au(cis-DACH)Cl2]Cl and [Au(cis-DACH)2]Cl3 with potassium cyanide in aqueous solution. J COORD CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2014.971020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam A.A. Seliman
- Department of Chemistry, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Altaf
- Department of Chemistry, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdel-Nasser Kawde
- Department of Chemistry, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed I.M. Wazeer
- Department of Chemistry, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anvarhusein A. Isab
- Department of Chemistry, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
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Al-Maythalony BA, Monim-ul-Mehboob M, Altaf M, Wazeer MIM, Isab AA, Altuwaijri S, Ahmed A, Dhuna V, Bhatia G, Dhuna K, Kamboj SS. Some new [(thione)2Au(diamine)]Cl3 complexes: synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, computational and in vitro cytotoxic studies. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2013; 115:641-647. [PMID: 23876928 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2013.06.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2013] [Revised: 04/28/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in oncology are focused on developing new complexes of gold(III) with various ligands that show augmented anti-proliferative potential and reduced toxicity as compared to cis-platin. In this study, new Au(III) complexes of the type [(thione)2Au(diamine)]Cl3 are reported, where thione=1,3-imidazolidine-2-thione (Imt), 1,3-Diazinane-2-thione (Diaz) and diamine=1,2-diaminoethane (en), 1,3-diaminopropane (pn) or 1,4-diaminobutane (bn). The solid state IR as well as (13)C and (15)N NMR data indicate that Au(III) center is bonded via sulfur of thiocarbonyl SC site of the thiones and also chelated by the diamines from the trans side of coordinated thiones. Spectroscopic data are evaluated by comparisons with calculated data from the built and optimized structure by GAUSSIAN 09 at the RB3LYP level with LanL2DZ bases set. These new Au(III) complexes based on mixed thione and diamine ligands are very similar to the square planar structure of tetracoordinate [Au(en)2]Cl3complex. In this study, cytotoxicity data for these gold(III) complexes against C6 glioma cell lines are also reported, and the results indicate some complexes have cytotoxicity comparable to cis-platin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassem A Al-Maythalony
- Department of Chemistry, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
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Boscutti G, Marchiò L, Ronconi L, Fregona D. Insights into the reactivity of gold-dithiocarbamato anticancer agents toward model biomolecules by using multinuclear NMR spectroscopy. Chemistry 2013; 19:13428-36. [PMID: 24038383 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201302550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Some gold(III)-dithiocarbamato derivatives of either single amino acids or oligopeptides have shown promise as potential anticancer agents, but their capability to interact with biologically relevant macromolecules is still poorly understood. We investigated the affinity of the representative complex [Au(III)Br2(dtc-Sar-OCH3)] (dtc: dithiocarbamate; Sar: sarcosine (N-methylglycine)) with selected model molecules for histidine-, methionine-, and cysteine-rich proteins (that is, 1-methylimidazole, dimethylsulfide, and N-acetyl-L-cysteine, respectively). In particular, detailed mono- and multinuclear NMR studies, in combination with multiple (13)C/(15)N enrichments, allowed interactions to be followed over time and indicated somewhat unexpected reaction pathways. Whereas dimethylsulfide proved to be unreactive, a sudden multistep redox reaction occurred in the presence of the other potential sulfur donor, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (confirmed if glutathione was used instead). On the other hand, 1-methylimidazole underwent an unprecedented acid-base reaction with the gold(III) complex, rather than the expected coordination to the metal center by replacing, for instance, a bromide. Our results are discussed herein and compared with the data available in the literature on related complexes; our findings confirm that the peculiar reactivity of gold(III)-dithiocarbamato complexes can lead to novel reaction pathways and, therefore, to new cytotoxic mechanisms in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Boscutti
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 1, Padova 35131 (Italy)
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Glišić BĐ, Rychlewska U, Djuran MI. Reactions and structural characterization of gold(III) complexes with amino acids, peptides and proteins. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:6887-901. [PMID: 22506275 DOI: 10.1039/c2dt30169e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The present review article highlights recent findings in the field of gold(III) complexes with amino acids, peptides and proteins. The first section of this article provides an overview of the gold(III) reactions with amino acids, such as glycine, alanine, histidine, cysteine and methionine. The second part of the review is mainly focused on the results achieved in the mechanistic studies of the reactions between gold(III) and different peptides and structural characterization of gold(III)-peptide complexes as the final products in these reactions. The last section of this article deals with the reactions of gold(III) complexes with proteins as primary targets for cytotoxic gold compounds. Systematic summaries of these results contribute to the future development of gold(III) complexes as potential antitumor agents and also have importance in relation to the severe toxicity of gold-based drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biljana Đ Glišić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, R. Domanovića 12, P.O. Box 60, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
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