Synthesis and high ranked NLT properties of new sulfonamide-substituted indium phthalocyanines

Nonlinear Optical Materials for the Smart Filtering of Optical Radiation

The control of luminous radiation has extremely important implications for modern and future technologies as well as in medicine. In this Review, we detail chemical structures and their relevant photophysical features for various groups of materials, including organic dyes such as metalloporphyrins and metallophthalocyanines (and derivatives), other common organic materials, mixed metal complexes and clusters, fullerenes, dendrimeric nanocomposites, polymeric materials (organic and/or inorganic), inorganic semiconductors, and other nanoscopic materials, utilized or potentially useful for the realization of devices able to filter in a smart way an external radiation. The concept of smart is referred to the characteristic of those materials that are capable to filter the radiation in a dynamic way without the need of an ancillary system for the activation of the required transmission change. In particular, this Review gives emphasis to the nonlinear optical properties of photoactive materials for the function of optical power limiting. All known mechanisms of optical limiting have been analyzed and discussed for the different types of materials.

Indium(III) phthalocyanine eka-conjugated polymer as high-performance optical limiter upon nanosecond laser irradiation

A novel chloroindium(III) phthalocyanine network polymer (4) was prepared and characterized by energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry, proton nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and absorption and emission spectroscopies. The non-linear optical (NLO) profile of the prepared phthalocyanine (Pc) network polymer, derived from a nanosecond open-aperture Z-scan technique at 532 nm, shows a clear reverse saturable absorption and a high non-linear absorption coefficient ( α2) of 9.7 × 10−7 cm W−1. Optical limiting investigations indicated that the prepared Pc network polymer has a relatively low limiting threshold of 900 mJ cm−2. According to these results, the prepared Pc polymer is a promising material for many NLO applications.

Synthesis, spectral properties, cation-induced dimerization and photochemical stability of tetra-(15-crown-5)-phthalocyaninato indium(III)

The novel 2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-tetra-(15-crown-5)phthalocyaninato indium(III) hydroxide [(15 C 5)4 Pc ] In ( OH )(I) was obtained by direct interaction of tetra-(15-crown-5)-phthalocyanine with indium acetylacetonate with 90% yield. The set of UV-vis, 1 H NMR and MALDI-TOF spectroscopy data allowed the unambiguous interpretation of complex structure. It was shown that the developed synthetic approach can be also used for synthesis of indium(III) 2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-octabutoxyphthalocyanine [( BuO )8 Pc ] In ( OH )(II). Photophysical characteristics (fluorescence and singlet oxygen quantum yields) of I were established. The photochemical stability of I was compared with tetra-(15-crown-5)-phthalocyanine H 2[(15 C 5)4 Pc ] and aluminum(III) complex [(15 C 5)4 Pc ] Al ( OH ). It was found that cation-induced formation of cofacial dimers [2I × 4MX] ( M = K +, Rb +, X = CO 32-, OPic -, OPiv -, SO 42-, ClO 4-, Br -) resulted in significant enhancement of complex photostability.