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Constable EC, Hartshorn RM, Housecroft CE. 1,1'-Biisoquinolines-Neglected Ligands in the Heterocyclic Diimine Family That Provoke Stereochemical Reflections. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26061584. [PMID: 33805632 PMCID: PMC7998815 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
1,1′-Biisoquinolines are a class of bidentate nitrogen donor ligands in the heterocyclic diimine family. This review briefly discusses their properties and the key synthetic pathways available and then concentrates upon their coordination behaviour. The ligands are of interest as they exhibit the phenomenon of atropisomerism (hindered rotation about the C1–C1′ bond). A notation for depicting the stereochemistry in coordination compounds containing multiple stereogenic centers is developed. The consequences of the chirality within the ligand on the coordination behaviour is discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin C. Constable
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, BPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-61-207-1001
| | - Richard M. Hartshorn
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, CT1 1PL Christchurch, New Zealand;
| | - Catherine E. Housecroft
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, BPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland;
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2
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Heteroleptic [Cu(P^P)(N^N)][PF6] Complexes: Effects of Isomer Switching from 2,2′-biquinoline to 1,1′-biisoquinoline. CRYSTALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst11020185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The preparation and characterization of [Cu(POP)(biq)][PF6] and [Cu(xantphos)(biq)][PF6] are reported (biq = 1,1′-biisoquinoline, POP = bis(2-(diphenylphosphanyl)phenyl)ether, and xantphos = (9,9-dimethyl-9H-xanthene-4,5-diyl)bis(diphenylphosphane). The single crystal structure of [Cu(POP)(biq)][PF6] 0.5Et2O was determined and compared to that in three salts of [Cu(POP)(bq)]+ in which bq = 2,2′-biquinoline. The P–C–P angle is 114.456(19)o in [Cu(POP)(biq)]+ compared to a range of 118.29(3)–119.60(3)o [Cu(POP)(bq)]+. There is a change from an intra-POP PPh2-phenyl/(C6H4)2O-arene π-stacking in [Cu(POP)(biq)]+ to a π-stacking contact between the POP and bq ligands in [Cu(POP)(bq)]+. In solution and at ambient temperatures, the [Cu(POP)(biq)][PF6]+ and [Cu(xantphos)(biq)]+ cations undergo several concurrent dynamic processes, as evidenced in their multinuclear NMR spectra. The photophysical and electrochemical behaviors of the heteroleptic copper (I) complexes were investigated, and the effects of changing from bq to biq are described. Short Cu···O distances within the [Cu(POP)(biq)]+ and [Cu(xantphos)(biq)]+ cations may contribute to their very low photoluminescent quantum yields.
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3
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Haiduc I. Review. Inverse coordination. Organic nitrogen heterocycles as coordination centers. A survey of molecular topologies and systematization. Part 2. Six-membered rings. J COORD CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2019.1670349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ionel Haiduc
- Facultatea de Chimie, Universitatea Babeş-Bolyai, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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5
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Abstract
Abstract
C18H12N2, tetragonal, I41/a (no. 88), a = 13.8885(6) Å, c = 13.6718(6) Å, V = 2637.2(3) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt(F) = 0.0295, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0854, T = 210 K.
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6
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Gimeno MC, López-de-Luzuriaga JM, Manso E, Monge M, Olmos ME, Rodríguez-Castillo M, Tena MT, Day DP, Lawrence EJ, Wildgoose GG. Synthesis, Photochemical, and Redox Properties of Gold(I) and Gold(III) Pincer Complexes Incorporating a 2,2':6',2"-Terpyridine Ligand Framework. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:10667-77. [PMID: 26496068 PMCID: PMC4649797 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b01477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Reaction of [Au(C6F5)(tht)] (tht = tetrahydrothiophene) with 2,2':6',2"-terpyridine (terpy) leads to complex [Au(C6F5)(η(1)-terpy)] (1). The chemical oxidation of complex (1) with 2 equiv of [N(C6H4Br-4)3](PF6) or using electrosynthetic techniques affords the Au(III) complex [Au(C6F5)(η(3)-terpy)](PF6)2 (2). The X-ray diffraction study of complex 2 reveals that the terpyridine acts as tridentate chelate ligand, which leads to a slightly distorted square-planar geometry. Complex 1 displays fluorescence in the solid state at 77 K due to a metal (gold) to ligand (terpy) charge transfer transition, whereas complex 2 displays fluorescence in acetonitrile due to excimer or exciplex formation. Time-dependent density functional theory calculations match the experimental absorption spectra of the synthesized complexes. In order to further probe the frontier orbitals of both complexes and study their redox behavior, each compound was separately characterized using cyclic voltammetry. The bulk electrolysis of a solution of complex 1 was analyzed by spectroscopic methods confirming the electrochemical synthesis of complex 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Concepción Gimeno
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC , 50009-Zaragoza, Spain
| | - José M López-de-Luzuriaga
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de la Rioja, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química (CISQ), Complejo Científico Tecnológico, 26004-Logroño, Spain
| | - Elena Manso
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de la Rioja, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química (CISQ), Complejo Científico Tecnológico, 26004-Logroño, Spain
| | - Miguel Monge
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de la Rioja, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química (CISQ), Complejo Científico Tecnológico, 26004-Logroño, Spain
| | - M Elena Olmos
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de la Rioja, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química (CISQ), Complejo Científico Tecnológico, 26004-Logroño, Spain
| | - María Rodríguez-Castillo
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de la Rioja, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química (CISQ), Complejo Científico Tecnológico, 26004-Logroño, Spain
| | - María-Teresa Tena
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de la Rioja, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química (CISQ), Complejo Científico Tecnológico, 26004-Logroño, Spain
| | - David P Day
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia , Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR47TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Elliot J Lawrence
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia , Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR47TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Gregory G Wildgoose
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia , Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR47TJ, United Kingdom
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Hattori Y, Kusamoto T, Nishihara H. Enhanced Luminescent Properties of an Open-Shell (3,5-Dichloro-4-pyridyl)bis(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)methyl Radical by Coordination to Gold. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201411572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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8
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Hattori Y, Kusamoto T, Nishihara H. Enhanced Luminescent Properties of an Open-Shell (3,5-Dichloro-4-pyridyl)bis(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)methyl Radical by Coordination to Gold. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:3731-4. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201411572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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López-de-Luzuriaga JM, Manso E, Monge M, Olmos ME, Rodríguez-Castillo M, Sampedro D. The effect of gold(i) coordination on the dual fluorescence of 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:11029-39. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt00584a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Coordination of 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine to perhalophenyl gold(i) fragments leads to the formation of novel fluorescent complexes, in which the photophysical properties of the ligand are greatly influenced by the polarity induced by the organometallic fragment.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M. López-de-Luzuriaga
- Departamento de Química
- Universidad de La Rioja
- Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química (CISQ)
- Complejo Científico-Tecnológico
- 26004-Logroño
| | - Elena Manso
- Departamento de Química
- Universidad de La Rioja
- Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química (CISQ)
- Complejo Científico-Tecnológico
- 26004-Logroño
| | - Miguel Monge
- Departamento de Química
- Universidad de La Rioja
- Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química (CISQ)
- Complejo Científico-Tecnológico
- 26004-Logroño
| | - M. Elena Olmos
- Departamento de Química
- Universidad de La Rioja
- Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química (CISQ)
- Complejo Científico-Tecnológico
- 26004-Logroño
| | - María Rodríguez-Castillo
- Departamento de Química
- Universidad de La Rioja
- Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química (CISQ)
- Complejo Científico-Tecnológico
- 26004-Logroño
| | - Diego Sampedro
- Departamento de Química
- Universidad de La Rioja
- Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química (CISQ)
- Complejo Científico-Tecnológico
- 26004-Logroño
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