Synthesis, characterization and anticancer activity of new zinc(II), molybdate(II), palladium(II), silver(I), rhodium(III), ruthenium(II) and platinum(II) complexes of 5,6-diamino-4-hydroxy-2-mercaptopyrimidine

Two palladium (II) complexes derived from halogen-substituted Schiff bases and 2-picolylamine induce parthanatos-type cell death in sensitive and multi-drug resistant CCRF-CEM leukemia cells

The use of cisplatin and its derivatives in cancer treatment triggered the interest in metal-containing complexes as potential novel anticancer agents. Palladium (II)-based complexes have been synthesized in recent years with promising antitumor activity. Previously, we described the synthesis and cytotoxicity of palladium (II) complexes containing halogen-substituted Schiff bases and 2-picolylamine. Here, we selected two palladium (II) complexes with double chlorine-substitution or double iodine-substitution that displayed the best cytotoxicity in drug-sensitive CCRF-CEM and multidrug-resistant CEM/ADR5000 leukemia cells for further biological investigation. Surprisingly, these compounds did not significantly induce apoptotic cell death. This study aims to reveal the major mode of cell death of these two palladium (II) complexes. We performed annexin V-FITC/PI staining and flow cytometric mitochondrial membrane potential measurement followed by western blotting, immunofluorescence microscopy, and alkaline single cell electrophoresis (comet assay). J4 and J6 still induced neither apoptosis nor necrosis in both leukemia cell lines. They also insufficiently induced autophagy as evidenced by Beclin and p62 detection in western blotting. Interestingly, J4 and J6 induced a novel mode of cell death (parthanatos) as mainly demonstrated in CCRF-CEM cells by hyper-activation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP) and poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) using western blotting, flow cytometric measurement of mitochondrial membrane potential collapse, nuclear translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) by immunofluorescence microscopy, and DNA damage by alkaline single cell electrophoresis (comet assay). AIF translocation was also observed in CEM/ADR5000 cells. Thus, parthanatos was the predominant mode of cell death induced by J4 and J6, which explains the high cytotoxicity in CCRF-CEM and CEM/ADR5000 cells. J4 and J6 may be interesting drug candidates and deserve further investigations to overcome resistance of tumors against apoptosis. This study will promote the design of further novel palladium (II)-based complexes as chemotherapeutic agents.

Syntheses, Structural and Serum Protein Protecting Activity of Ruthenium(II)-DMSO Complexes Containing Mercapto Ligand

Four new ruthenium(II) complexes [Ru(mpt)2(DMSO)2] (1), [Ru(mpt)2(bpy)] (2), [Ru(mpt)2(phen)] (3) and [Ru(mpt)2(tptz)] (4) have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, IR, 1H and 13C NMR, and electronic absorption spectroscopy....

Synthesis and Anticancer Activity of New Hydrazide-hydrazones and Their Pd(II) Complexes

Background:

Hydrazones, one of the important classes of organic molecules, are pharmaceutical agents comprising –CO-NH-N=CH- group in the structure therefore and exhibiting significant biological activity.

Methods:

5-Chloro-N’-[(substituted)methylidene] pyrazine-2-carbohydrazide (3a-g) and their Pd(II) complexes (4a-h) were synthesized and investigated in vitro anticancer activity on A549, Caco2 cancer and normal 3T3 fibroblast cell lines, using the MTT assay.

Results:

Anticancer activity screening results revealed that some compounds showed remarkable cytotoxic effect. Among them, 5-chloro-N'-[(4-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene] pyrazine-2-carbohydrazide (3c) displayed higher cytotoxic activity against A549 cancer cell line than the reference drug cisplatin.

Conclusion:

Compound 3c showed high cytotoxic activity against A549 cancer cell line but it showed low cytotoxic effect against normal 3T3 fibroblast cell line. Antiproliferative and antimetastatic effects of 3c were determined by the real-time monitoring of cell proliferative system (RTCA DP). The cell proliferation, metastatic and invasive activities of A549 cells were decreased due to increased concentration of 3c.

Schiff Base Metal Complexes as Anticancer Agents

Cutting-edge practices in bioinorganic chemistry are pivotal for enhancing the layout of compounds to lessen poisonous facet effect and recognize their mechanism of action. A powerful anticancer agent should own inherent, inhibitory property and also delivery, dosage and residence time in vivo. Organic function and conformation of mutated gene may be altered by way of binding of metal ions. Upswing of activities counting on the structural data, intending in enhancing and growing different forms of metal based compounds, continuous seek of extra metal based compounds have been synthesized via revamping the prevailing chemical shape via ligand substitution. The prevailing paper addresses the trendy development in the design of novel antitumor agents primarily based on transition metal complex via highlighting the near dating among their structural alternatives and cytotoxic ability.