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Uemura K, Ito D, Pirillo J, Hijikata Y, Saeki A. Modulation of Band Gaps toward Varying Conductivities in Heterometallic One-Dimensional Chains by Ligand Alteration and Third Metal Insertion. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:30502-30518. [PMID: 33283099 PMCID: PMC7711699 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c04317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A heterometallic one-dimensional (1-D) chain consisting of multiple kinds of metals, Rh, Pt, and Pd, with direct metal-metal bonds was successfully obtained by mixing a Rh dinuclear complex and Pt-Pd-Pt trinuclear complex. The Pt-Pd-Pt trinuclear complex can be reversibly one-electron-oxidized or -reduced, where the electron paramagnetic resonance spectrum of the one-electron-oxidized one shows an axially symmetric signal with hyperfine splitting by two Pt and Pd, indicating that an unpaired electron is delocalized to the d z 2 orbital of Pt-Pd-Pt. Utilized with the highest occupied molecular orbital and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital interaction at the d z 2 orbital, simple mixing of the Pt-Pd-Pt trinuclear complex and Rh dinuclear complex in adequate solvents afforded heterometallic 1-D chains, which are aligned as -Rh-Rh-Pt-Pd-Pt-. Several physical measurements revealed that the metal oxidation state is +2. Diffuse reflectance spectra and theoretical calculations show that heterometallic 1-D chains have σ-type conduction and valence bands where π*(Rh2) are lying between them, whose gaps become narrower than the prototype chains aligned as -Rh-Rh-Pt-Pt-Pt-Pt-. The narrower band gaps are induced by destabilization of the σ-type valence bands and accompanied by insertion of Pd ions because the d-orbital energy level of Pd is closer in value to Rh compared with Pt. Flash-photolysis time-resolved microwave conductivity measurements exhibited an increase in the product of charge carrier mobility and its generation efficiency (8.1 × 10-5 to 4.6 × 10-4 cm2 V-1 s-1) with narrowing the band gaps, suggesting that the better conductivity is attributed to shorter metal-metal distances in 1-D chains. These results imply the possibilities of controlling band gap with ligand modification and third metal insertion in heterometallic 1-D chains to show various conductivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Uemura
- Department
of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Yanagido 1-1, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Daiki Ito
- Department
of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Yanagido 1-1, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Jenny Pirillo
- Institute
for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Yuh Hijikata
- Institute
for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Akinori Saeki
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Fernandez-Bartolome E, Cruz P, Galán LA, Cortijo M, Delgado-Martínez P, González-Prieto R, Priego JL, Jiménez-Aparicio R. Heteronuclear Dirhodium-Gold Anionic Complexes: Polymeric Chains and Discrete Units. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1868. [PMID: 32825168 PMCID: PMC7563758 DOI: 10.3390/polym12091868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this article, we report on the synthesis and characterization of the tetracarboxylatodirhodium(II) complexes [Rh2(μ-O2CCH2OMe)4(THF)2] (1) and [Rh2(μ-O2CC6H4-p-CMe3)4(OH2)2] (2) by metathesis reaction of [Rh2(μ-O2CMe)4] with the corresponding ligand acting also as the reaction solvent. The reaction of the corresponding tetracarboxylato precursor, [Rh2(μ-O2CR)4], with PPh4[Au(CN)2] at room temperature, yielded the one-dimensional polymers (PPh4)n[Rh2(μ-O2CR)4Au(CN)2]n (R = Me (3), CH2OMe (4), CH2OEt (5)) and the non-polymeric compounds (PPh4)2{Rh2(μ-O2CR)4[Au(CN)2]2} (R = CMe3 (6), C6H4-p-CMe3 (7)). The structural characterization of 1, 3·2CH2Cl2, 4·3CH2Cl2, 5, 6, and 7·2OCMe2 is also provided with a detailed description of their crystal structures and intermolecular interactions. The polymeric compounds 3·2CH2Cl2, 4·3CH2Cl2, and 5 show wavy chains with Rh-Au-Rh and Rh-N-C angles in the ranges 177.18°-178.69° and 163.0°-170.4°, respectively. A comparative study with related rhodium-silver complexes previously reported indicates no significant influence of the gold or silver atoms in the solid-state arrangement of these kinds of complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefania Fernandez-Bartolome
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, E-28040 Madrid, Spain; (E.F.-B.); (P.C.); (L.A.G.); (M.C.); (J.L.P.)
| | - Paula Cruz
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, E-28040 Madrid, Spain; (E.F.-B.); (P.C.); (L.A.G.); (M.C.); (J.L.P.)
| | - Laura Abad Galán
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, E-28040 Madrid, Spain; (E.F.-B.); (P.C.); (L.A.G.); (M.C.); (J.L.P.)
| | - Miguel Cortijo
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, E-28040 Madrid, Spain; (E.F.-B.); (P.C.); (L.A.G.); (M.C.); (J.L.P.)
| | - Patricia Delgado-Martínez
- Unidad de Difracción de Rayos X, Centro de Asistencia a la Investigación de Técnicas Físicas y Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, E-28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Rodrigo González-Prieto
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, E-28040 Madrid, Spain; (E.F.-B.); (P.C.); (L.A.G.); (M.C.); (J.L.P.)
| | - José L. Priego
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, E-28040 Madrid, Spain; (E.F.-B.); (P.C.); (L.A.G.); (M.C.); (J.L.P.)
| | - Reyes Jiménez-Aparicio
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, E-28040 Madrid, Spain; (E.F.-B.); (P.C.); (L.A.G.); (M.C.); (J.L.P.)
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Uemura K, Miyake R. Paramagnetic One-Dimensional Chain Complex Consisting of Three Kinds of Metallic Species Showing Magnetic Interaction through Metal-Metal Bonds. Inorg Chem 2019; 59:1692-1701. [PMID: 31877032 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b02844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A heterometallic and paramagnetic one-dimensional (1-D) chain (3) aligned as -Rh(+2)-Rh(+2)-Pt(+2)-Co(+2)-Pt(+2)- with direct metal-metal bonds was obtained by HOMO-LUMO interactions at the σ* (dz2) orbital between two kinds of complexes. The 1-D chains in 3 have relatively straight backbones because the raw material complexes, [Rh2(O2CCH3)4] and [Pt2Co(piam)4(NH3)4], are connected and stacked in a face-to-face fashion, where Co---Co are separated by about 13.3 Å with four different metals. Physical measurements revealed that 3 has a band gap between the σ-type conduction and valence bands, where d-orbitals of the Co ion with three unpaired electrons are laid among them. The magnetic behavior of 3 was investigated and found to be consistent with a complex interaction involving both zero-field splitting and Pauli paramagnetism attributed to band formation superimposed on relatively strong exchange coupling (zJ = -22.2 cm-1) between two high-spin Co(+2) ions separated by the diamagnetic Pt-Rh-Rh-Pt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Uemura
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering , Gifu University , Yanagido 1-1 , Gifu , 501-1193 , Japan
| | - Rika Miyake
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering , Gifu University , Yanagido 1-1 , Gifu , 501-1193 , Japan
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Linear One-Dimensional Coordination Polymers Constructed by Dirhodium Paddlewheel and Tetracyanido-Metallate Building Blocks. CRYSTALS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst9120614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In this article, we describe the preparation of anionic heteronuclear one-dimensional coordination polymers made by dirhodium paddlewheels and tetracyanido-metallatate building blocks. A series of complexes of (PPh4)2n[{Rh2(µ-O2CCH3)4}{M(CN)4}]n (M = Ni (1), Pd (2), Pt (3)) formulae were obtained by reaction of [Rh2(μ-O2CCH3)4] with (PPh4)2[M(CN)4] in a 1:1 or 2:1 ratio. Crystals of 1−3 suitable for single crystal X-ray diffraction were grown by slow diffusion of a dichloromethane solution of the dirhodium complex into a chloroform solution of the corresponding tetracyanido–metallatate salt. Compounds 1 and 2 are isostructural and crystallize in the triclinic P-1 space group, while compound 3 crystallizes in the monoclinic P21/n space group. A detailed description of the structures is presented, including the analysis of the packing of anionic chains and PPh4+ cations.
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Cruz P, Fernandez-Bartolome E, Cortijo M, Delgado-Martínez P, González-Prieto R, Priego JL, Torres MR, Jiménez-Aparicio R. Synthesis and Structural Characterization of a Series of One-Dimensional Heteronuclear Dirhodium-Silver Coordination Polymers. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E111. [PMID: 30960094 PMCID: PMC6401823 DOI: 10.3390/polym11010111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we describe the preparation of heteronuclear dirhodium-silver complexes by reaction between molecular Rh(II)-Rh(II) compounds [Rh₂(μ-O₂CR)₄L₂] (R = Me, Ph (1), CH₂OEt (2); L = solvent molecules) with paddlewheel structure and PPh₄[Ag(CN)₂]. One-dimensional coordination polymers of (PPh₄)n[Rh₂(μ-O₂CR)₄Ag(CN)₂]n (R = Me (3), Ph (4), CH₂OEt (5)) formula have been obtained by replacement of the two labile molecules in the axial positions of the paddlewheel structures by a [Ag(CN)₂]- bridging unit. The crystal structures of 3⁻5 display a similar arrangement, having anionic chains with a wavy structure and bulky (PPh₄)⁺ cations placed between the chains. The presence of the (PPh₄)⁺ cations hinders the existence of intermolecular Ag-Ag interactions although several C-H····π interactions have been observed. A similar reaction between [Rh₂(μ-O₂CCMe₃)₄(HO₂CCMe₃)₂] and PPh₄[Ag(CN)₂] led to the molecular compound (PPh₄)₂{Rh₂(μ-O₂CCMe₃)₄[Ag(CN)₂]₂} (6) by replacement of the axial HO₂CCMe₃ ligands by two [Ag(CN)₂]- units. The trimethylacetate ligand increases the solubility of the complex during the crystallization favouring the formation of discrete heteronuclear species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Cruz
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Estefania Fernandez-Bartolome
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Miguel Cortijo
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Patricia Delgado-Martínez
- Centro de Asistencia a la Investigación Difracción de Rayos X, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Rodrigo González-Prieto
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - José L Priego
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - M Rosario Torres
- Centro de Asistencia a la Investigación Difracción de Rayos X, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Reyes Jiménez-Aparicio
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
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Uemura K. One-dimensional complexes extended by unbridged metal-metal bonds based on a HOMO-LUMO interaction at the d z2 orbital between platinum and heterometal atoms. Dalton Trans 2018; 46:5474-5492. [PMID: 28112315 DOI: 10.1039/c6dt04515d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this review, the crystal structures of seventeen heterometallic one-dimensional compounds 1-17 are shown, and their electronic structures are discussed based on the diffuse reflectance spectra and other physical measurements. Compounds 1-17 comprise two kinds of complexes with HOMO-LUMO interactions at σ-type (dz2) orbitals between platinum and heterometal atoms, where two or three kinds of metal are regularly aligned through metal-metal bonds. In [{PtRh(piam)2(NH3)2Cl2.5}2{Pt2(piam)2(NH3)4}2]n(PF6)6n·2nMeOH·2nH2O (3, piam = pivalamidate), the platinum and rhodium atoms are aligned as -Pt-Rh-Pt-Pt-Pt-Pt-Rh-Pt-Cl- with a mixed valence, where an unpaired electron hops from one Rh atom to another. [{Rh2(O2CCF3)4}{Pt2(piam)2(NH3)4}2]n(CF3CO2)4n·2nEtOH·2nH2O (6) with -Pt-Pt-Rh-Rh-Pt-Pt- alignment has a conduction band (CB) and a valence band (VB) attributed to σ-type orbitals, exhibiting narrower gaps between CB and VB than other analogues. [{Ru2(O2CCH3)4}{Pt2(piam)2(NH3)4}2]n(PF6)4n·4nH2O (14) with -Pt-Pt-Ru-Ru-Pt-Pt- and [{Rh2(O2CCH3)4}{Pt2Cu(piam)4(NH3)4}]n(PF6)2n (15) with -Rh-Rh-Pt-Cu-Pt- are paramagnetic chains, where one or two unpaired electrons reside at each metal per repeating unit. Thus, this system is diverse in modulating the electronic structures, band structures and the expected physical properties based on the unique oxidation states and redox properties attributed to the metal-metal interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Uemura
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Yanagido 1-1, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan.
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Uemura K, Uesugi N, Matsuyama A, Ebihara M, Yoshikawa H, Awaga K. Integration of Paramagnetic Diruthenium Complexes into an Extended Chain by Heterometallic Metal-Metal Bonds with Diplatinum Complexes. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:7003-11. [PMID: 27348516 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b00741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We successfully obtained a paramagnetic one-dimensional (1D) chain complex [{Ru2(O2CCH3)4}{Pt2(piam)2(NH3)4}2]n(PF6)4n·4nH2O (2; piam = pivalamidate) extended by metal-metal bonds. Compound 2 comprises two types of metal species, ruthenium and platinum, where an acetate-bridged dinuclear ruthenium complex (i.e., [Ru2]) and a pivalamidate-bridged platinum complex (i.e., [Pt2]) are connected by axial metal-metal bonds, forming an attractive quasi-1D infinite chain that can be expressed as -{[Pt2]-[Ru2]-[Pt2]}n-. Such axial metal-metal bonds are attributed to the interaction between the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) along the z axis, where both the HOMO in [Pt2(II,II)] and the LUMO in [Ru2(II,II)] are σ* orbitals associated with metal cores. The crystal structure and X-ray photoelectron spectrum for 2 reveal that metal oxidation states are -{[Pt2(II,II)]-[Ru2(II,II)]-[Pt2(II,II)]}n-, where [Ru2(II,II)] can have an electronic configuration of σ(2)π(4)δ(2)δ*(2)π*(2) or σ(2)π(4)δ(2)π*(4). The magnetic susceptibility of 2 has a μeff [∝(χT)(1/2)] value of 2.77 μB per [Pt2(II,II)]-[Ru2(II,II)]-[Pt2(II,II)] unit at 300 K, showing that two unpaired electrons lie on π*(Ru2). Magnetic measurements performed at temperatures of 2-300 K indicate that S = 1 Ru2(II,II) units are weakly antiferromagnetically coupled (zJ = -1.4 cm(-1)) with a large zero-field splitting (D = 221 cm(-1)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Uemura
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University , Yanagido 1-1, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Uesugi
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University , Yanagido 1-1, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Akina Matsuyama
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University , Yanagido 1-1, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ebihara
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University , Yanagido 1-1, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Yoshikawa
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center for Materials Science (RCMS), Nagoya University , Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Kunio Awaga
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center for Materials Science (RCMS), Nagoya University , Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
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Yamada T, Ebihara M, Uemura K. Heterometallic one-dimensional chain with tetradeca metal repetition constructed by amidate bridged dirhodium and pivalate bridged diplatinum complexes influenced by hydrogen bonding. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:12322-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt01601d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A novel platinum and rhodium based heterometallic one-dimensional chain complex with tetradeca metal repetition was obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomofumi Yamada
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science
- Faculty of Engineering
- Gifu University
- Gifu
- Japan
| | - Masahiro Ebihara
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science
- Faculty of Engineering
- Gifu University
- Gifu
- Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Uemura
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science
- Faculty of Engineering
- Gifu University
- Gifu
- Japan
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