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Kim S, Muhammad R, Son K, Oh H. Heterometallic Gd-Dy Formate Frameworks for Enhanced Magnetocaloric Properties. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:2994-2999. [PMID: 36757112 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Lanthanide-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have great potential as magnetic refrigerants under cryogenic conditions and are comparable to conventional alloys and magnetic nanoparticles. In particular, MOFs with Gd3+ ions behave as excellent magnetic refrigerants because of their large spin ground states. However, the major drawback of Gd3+-based MOFs is that they are not affected by the ligand material owing to the excessively large spin-only magnetic moment; therefore, their application is limited to the cryogenic region in the magnetic cooling field. In this study, we report the magnetic properties and magnetocaloric effect (MCE) resulting from heterogenized MOFs obtained from the reaction of Gd3+ and Dy3+ ions and their varied molar composition with the formate ligand. For GdxDy1-x-(HCOO)3, where 0 ≤ x ≤ 1, the isothermal magnetic entropy change (ΔSm) increased with the increase in the fraction of Gd in the heterogenized MOFs. Meanwhile, with increasing Dy contents, the maximum peak temperature of ΔSm is shifted to a higher temperature while preserving a relatively high ΔSm value of 22.35 J·kg-1 K-1 at T = 7 K for an applied field change (ΔH) of 7 T despite the anisotropy and crystalline electric field effects. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the samples with a Dy content of 75% or more maintained the ΔSm operating temperature longer. Therefore, the current approach of including Dy3+ ions in lanthanide compounds provides the possibility of further extending the operating temperature of magnetic cooling materials from cryogenic temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhwan Kim
- Future Convergence Technology Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea
| | - Raeesh Muhammad
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwanghyo Son
- Department of Physics Education, Kongju National University, Gongju 32588, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunchul Oh
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea.,Graduate School of Carbon Neutrality, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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Wang M, Sun C, Gao Y, Xue H, Huang L, Xie Y, Wang J, Peng Y, Tang Y. Three Gd-based magnetic refrigerant materials with high magnetic entropy: From di-nuclearity to hexa-nuclearity to octa-nuclearity. Front Chem 2022; 10:963203. [PMID: 36247677 PMCID: PMC9559567 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.963203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetocaloric effect (MCE) is one of the most promising features of molecular-based magnetic materials. We reported three Gd-based magnetic refrigerant materials, namely, Gd2(L)(NO3)(H2O)‧CH3CN‧H2O (1, H2L = (Z)-N-[(1E)-(2-hydroxy-3-methphenyl)methylidene]pyrazine-2-carbohydrazonic acid), {Gd6(L)6(CO3)2(CH3OH)2(H2O)3Cl}Cl‧4CH3CN (2), and Gd8(L)8(CO3)4(H2O)8‧2H2O (3). Complex 1 contains two GdIII ions linked by two η2:η1:η1:η1:μ2-L2- ligands, which are seven-coordinated in a capped trigonal prism, and complex 2 possesses six GdIII ions, contributing to a triangular prism configuration. For complex 3, eight GdIII ions form a distorted cube arrangement. Moreover, the large values of magnetic entropy in the three complexes prove to be excellent candidates as cryogenic magnetic coolants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minmin Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Chengyuan Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yujia Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Hong Xue
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Ling Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yutian Xie
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jin Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- *Correspondence: Jin Wang, ; Yuanyuan Peng, ; Yanfeng Tang,
| | - Yuanyuan Peng
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Jin Wang, ; Yuanyuan Peng, ; Yanfeng Tang,
| | - Yanfeng Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- *Correspondence: Jin Wang, ; Yuanyuan Peng, ; Yanfeng Tang,
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Konieczny P, Sas W, Czernia D, Pacanowska A, Fitta M, Pełka R. Magnetic cooling: a molecular perspective. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:12762-12780. [PMID: 35900061 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01565j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The magnetocaloriceffect is considered as an energy-efficient and environmentally friendly technique which can take cooling technology to the next level. Apart from its commercial application at room temperature, magnetic refrigeration is an up-and-coming solution for the cryogenic regime, especially as an alternative to He3 systems. Molecular magnets reveal advantageous features for ultra-low cooling which are competitive with intermetallic and lanthanide alloys. Here, we present a guide to the current status of magnetocaloric effect research of molecular magnets with a theoretical background focused on the inverse magnetocaloric effect and an overview of recent results and developments, including the rotating magnetocaloric effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Konieczny
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Wojciech Sas
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Dominik Czernia
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342 Kraków, Poland.
| | | | - Magdalena Fitta
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Robert Pełka
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342 Kraków, Poland.
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