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da Silva CDS, Ferreira KQ, Meira CS, Soares MBP, Moraes RDA, Araújo FA, Flavia Silva D, de Sá DS. Ru(II) based dual nitric oxide donors: electrochemical and photochemical reactivities and vasorelaxant effect with no cytotoxicity. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:17176-17184. [PMID: 37937931 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02760k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
The synthesized complexes, cis-[Ru(NO)(NO2)(phen)2](PF6)2 (NONO2P) and cis-[Ru(NO)(NO2)(bpy)2](PF6)2 (NONO2B), were characterized by using elemental analysis, voltammetry and electronic and vibrational spectroscopy. Under electrochemical and photochemical stimulation in an aqueous medium, there are indications of the formation of complexes, which suggests that the nitro and nitrosyl groups are converted into nitric oxide. Both compounds do not show cytotoxic activity against human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The cis-[Ru(NO)(NO2)(phen)2](PF6)2 complex presented vasorelaxation activity in superior mesenteric arteries from Wistar rats: the biphasic concentration-response curve indicates two sites of action. In the presence of NO scavengers, we observed an impaired relaxing effect induced by NONO2P, suggesting that the vasorelaxant effect is due to NO production from this compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos D S da Silva
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Bahia, Campus Ondina, 40170-290 Salvador, BA, Brazil.
| | - Kleber Q Ferreira
- Department of Chemistry, Federal Institute of Bahia (IFBA), Salvador, 40301-15, Brazil
| | - Cássio S Meira
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), 40296-710 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- SENAI Institute of Innovation in Health Advanced Systems (CIMATEC ISI SAS), University Center SENAI/CIMATEC, Salvador, BA 41650-010, Brazil
| | - Milena B P Soares
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), 40296-710 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Raiana Dos Anjos Moraes
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Av. Reitor Miguel Calmon, s/n - Canela, Salvador, BA, 40231-300, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology in Health and Investigative Medicine, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Fênix Alexandra Araújo
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Av. Reitor Miguel Calmon, s/n - Canela, Salvador, BA, 40231-300, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology in Health and Investigative Medicine, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Darizy Flavia Silva
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Av. Reitor Miguel Calmon, s/n - Canela, Salvador, BA, 40231-300, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology in Health and Investigative Medicine, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Denise S de Sá
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Bahia, Campus Ondina, 40170-290 Salvador, BA, Brazil.
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da Silva Filho PM, Paz IA, Nascimento NRFD, Abreu DS, Lopes LGDF, Sousa EHS, Longhinotti E. Nitroprusside─Expanding the Potential Use of an Old Drug Using Nanoparticles. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:6-22. [PMID: 36350781 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
For more than 70 years, sodium nitroprusside (SNP) has been used to treat severe hypertension in hospital emergency settings. During this time, a few other clinical uses have also emerged such as in the treatment of acute heart failure as well as improving mitral incompetence and in the intra- and perioperative management during heart surgery. This drug functions by releasing nitric oxide (NO), which modulates several biological processes with many potential therapeutic applications. However, this small molecule has a short lifetime, and it has been administered through the use of NO donor molecules such as SNP. On the other hand, SNP also has some setbacks such as the release of cyanide ions, high water solubility, and very fast NO release kinetics. Currently, there are many drug delivery strategies that can be applied to overcome many of these limitations, providing novel opportunities for the use of old drugs, including SNP. This Perspective describes some nitroprusside properties and highlights new potential therapeutic uses arising from the use of drug delivery systems, mainly silica-based nanoparticles. There is a series of great opportunities to further explore SNP in many medical issues as reviewed, which deserves a closer look by the scientific community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Martins da Silva Filho
- Laboratório de Métodos de Análises e Modificação de Materiais (LABMA), Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico-Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, 60440-900, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.,Laboratório de Bioinorgânica, Departamento de Química Orgânica e Inorgânica, Universidade Federal do Ceará, PO Box 12200, Campus do Pici s/n, 60440-900, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Iury Araújo Paz
- Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, 60714-110, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | - Dieric S Abreu
- Laboratory of Materials & Devices (Lab MaDe), Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico-Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, 60440-900, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Luiz Gonzaga de França Lopes
- Laboratório de Bioinorgânica, Departamento de Química Orgânica e Inorgânica, Universidade Federal do Ceará, PO Box 12200, Campus do Pici s/n, 60440-900, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Henrique Silva Sousa
- Laboratório de Bioinorgânica, Departamento de Química Orgânica e Inorgânica, Universidade Federal do Ceará, PO Box 12200, Campus do Pici s/n, 60440-900, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Elisane Longhinotti
- Laboratório de Métodos de Análises e Modificação de Materiais (LABMA), Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico-Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, 60440-900, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.,Laboratório de Bioinorgânica, Departamento de Química Orgânica e Inorgânica, Universidade Federal do Ceará, PO Box 12200, Campus do Pici s/n, 60440-900, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
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Reactions of Ru(III)-drugs KP1019 and KP418 with guanine, 2'-deoxyguanosine and guanosine: a DFT study. J Mol Model 2022; 28:291. [PMID: 36063245 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-022-05304-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Ruthenium (Ru)-based anticancer drugs are considered to be novel alternatives of platinum-based drugs. They exhibit potent cytotoxicity against the cancer cells and hence are useful for the treatment of cancer. Herein, the density functional theory calculations in the gas phase and aqueous media are carried out to study the reactions of two Ru(III)-based drugs such as KP1019 and KP418 with the N7 site of guanine (G), 2'-deoxyguanosine (dGua), and guanosine (Gua) to understand their reactivity against the DNA and RNA. All the reactions are found to be exothermic. The activation free energies and rate constants of these reactions indicate that KP1019 and KP418 would react with the dGua more readily than Gua. Hence, the binding of these drugs with the DNA would be more preferred as compared to RNA. It is further found that among these drugs, KP1019 would be more reactive than KP418 in agreement with the experimental observation. Thus, this study is expected to aid in the future development of potent anticancer drugs.
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Taghizadeh Shool M, Amiri Rudbari H, Gil-Antón T, Cuevas-Vicario JV, García B, Busto N, Moini N, Blacque O. The effect of halogenation of salicylaldehyde on the antiproliferative activities of {Δ/Λ-[Ru(bpy) 2(X,Y-sal)]BF 4} complexes. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:7658-7672. [PMID: 35510940 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00401a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes are widely used in biological fields, due to their physico-chemical and photophysical properties. In this paper, a series of new chiral Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes (1-5) with the general formula {Δ/Λ-[Ru(bpy)2(X,Y-sal)]BF4} (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridyl; X,Y-sal = 5-bromosalicylaldehyde (1), 3,5-dibromosalicylaldehyde (2), 5-chlorosalicylaldehyde (3), 3,5-dichlorosalicylaldehyde (4) and 3-bromo-5-chlorosalicylaldehy (5)) were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, and 1H/13C NMR spectroscopy. Also, the structures of complexes 1 and 5 were determined by X-ray crystallography; these results showed that the central Ru atom adopts a distorted octahedral coordination sphere with two bpy and one halogen-substituted salicylaldehyde. DFT and TD-DFT calculations have been performed to explain the excited states of these complexes. The singlet states with higher oscillator strength are correlated with the absorption signals and are mainly described as 1MLCT from the ruthenium centre to the bpy ligands. The lowest triplet states (T1) are described as 3MLCT from the ruthenium center to the salicylaldehyde ligand. The theoretical results are in good agreement with the observed unstructured band at around 520 nm for complexes 2, 4 and 5. Biological studies on human cancer cells revealed that dihalogenated ligands endow the Ru(II) complexes with enhanced cytotoxicity compared to monohalogenated ligands. In addition, as far as the type of halogen is concerned, bromine is the halogen that provides the highest cytotoxicity to the synthesized complexes. All complexes induce cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 and apoptosis, but only complexes bearing Br are able to provoke an increase in intracellular ROS levels and mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hadi Amiri Rudbari
- Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran.
| | - Tania Gil-Antón
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain.
| | - José V Cuevas-Vicario
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain.
| | - Begoña García
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain.
| | - Natalia Busto
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain. .,Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Burgos, Hospital Militar, Paseo de los Comendadores, s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Nakisa Moini
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Physics and Chemistry Alzahra University, P.O. Box 1993891176, Vanak Tehran, Iran
| | - Olivier Blacque
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
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