1
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Cutroneo S, Prandi B, Pellegrini N, Sforza S, Tedeschi T. Assessment of Protein Quality and Digestibility in Plant-Based Meat Analogues. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:8114-8125. [PMID: 38560783 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
In this first work, commercial steak-like (n = 3) and cured meat (n = 3) analogues with different legume and cereal formulations were studied and compared to their animal-based (n = 3) counterparts. Plant-based products showed lower protein content than meat controls but a good amino acidic profile even though the sum of essential amino acids of plant-cured meats does not fulfill the requirements set by the Food and Agriculture Organization for children. A comparable release of soluble proteins and peptides in the digestates after in vitro digestion was observed in meat analogues as meat products, whereas the digestibility of proteins was lower in plant-based steaks and higher in plant-based cured meats than their counterparts. The overall protein quality and digestibility of products are related to both the use of good blending of protein sources and processes applied to produce them. An adequate substitution of meat with its analogues depends mostly on the quality of raw materials used, which should be communicated to consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Cutroneo
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Barbara Prandi
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Pellegrini
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental, and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Stefano Sforza
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Tullia Tedeschi
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
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2
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Zhang L, Xiao Q, Wang Y, Hu J, Xiong H, Zhao Q. Effects of sequential enzymatic hydrolysis and transglutaminase crosslinking on functional, rheological, and structural properties of whey protein isolate. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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3
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Tong P, Xu X, Liu K, Chen H, Gao J. Denatured pre-treatment assisted polyphenol oxidase-catalyzed cross-linking: effects on the cross-linking potential, structure, allergenicity and functional properties of OVA. Food Funct 2021; 12:10083-10096. [PMID: 34518852 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01809d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the impacts of denatured pre-treatments (heating and denaturants) on cross-linking and the combined effect of pre-treatment and cross-linking on the structure, allergenicity and functional properties of OVA, OVA was pre-treated in different ways and then cross-linked. Results showed that the cross-linking reaction was obviously promoted with heating at 100 °C for 5 min or 0.5% of SDS as the pretreatment. Due to the coordinated process of pre-treatments and cross-linking, the secondary structure was changed and the gastrointestinal digestion of OVA was promoted. Meanwhile, the emulsifying properties, foaming properties, and antioxidant properties of OVA were remarkably improved. Furthermore, the IgG and IgE binding capacities of OVA, as well as the OVA-induced degranulation capacity of KU812 were all significantly decreased. However, upon comparing the cross-linking assisted by two different pre-treatments, it was seen that heating at 100 °C for 5 min was better than being treated with 0.5% of SDS in reducing the potential allergenicity of OVA. Therefore, we concluded that heat denaturation (at 100 °C for 5 min) assisted enzymatic cross-linking may provide a new cross-linking method to develop hypoallergenic foods with good functional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, P.R. China.
| | - Xiaoqian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, P.R. China. .,College of Food Science & Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, P R. China.
| | - Ke Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, P.R. China. .,College of Food Science & Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, P R. China.
| | - Hongbing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, P.R. China. .,Jiangxi-OAI Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, P.R. China
| | - Jinyan Gao
- College of Food Science & Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, P R. China.
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4
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Xing G, Giosafatto CVL, Fusco A, Dong M, Mariniello L. Combined lactic fermentation and enzymatic treatments affect the antigenicity of β-lactoglobulin in cow milk and soymilk-cow milk mixture. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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5
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Ma R, Lin Z, Wu Y, Gao Z, Hu B, Xu L, Fang Y, Nishinari K. Modulating the in vitro gastric digestion of heat-induced beta-lactoglobulin aggregates: Incorporation with polysaccharide. Food Chem 2021; 354:129506. [PMID: 33744665 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Three heat-induced protein aggregates, beta-lactoglobulin fibrils (BLGF), nanoparticles (BLGN), and worm-like aggregates (BLGW) were chosen to probe the effect of disulfide bond and surface hydrophobicity on their gastric digestion behavior. Furthermore, the effect of polysaccharide (dextran sulfate sodium, DSS) on the digestion behavior of the protein aggregates was investigated. Results showed that disulfide bond had a mild restraint on the digestion extent (maximum up to 4.65%), especially when its content was below 1 mol/mol, while the surface hydrophobicity had a stronger influence (up to 8.96%), and there is definitive positive linear relationship between the surface hydrophobicity and the digestion extent. When incorporated with DSS, both the disulfide bond content and surface hydrophobicity of the aggregates decreased, consequently, and the digestion was impeded, confirming the stronger effect from the surface hydrophobicity. The digestion extent of the heat-induced protein aggregates could be modulated linearly by incorporation of polysaccharide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixiang Ma
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Nanli Road, Wuhan 430068, PR China
| | - Zhantuo Lin
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Nanli Road, Wuhan 430068, PR China
| | - Yuehan Wu
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Nanli Road, Wuhan 430068, PR China
| | - Zhiming Gao
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Nanli Road, Wuhan 430068, PR China.
| | - Bing Hu
- Key Lab of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, PR China
| | - Longquan Xu
- China Tobacco Guizhou Industrial Co., Ltd., Kaifa Avenue, Guiyang 550000, PR China
| | - Yapeng Fang
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Nanli Road, Wuhan 430068, PR China; Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Katsuyoshi Nishinari
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Nanli Road, Wuhan 430068, PR China
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6
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Landers JJ, O'Konek JJ. Vaccines as therapies for food allergies. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 91:229-258. [PMID: 34099110 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2021.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Food allergy is a growing public health epidemic with few available treatments beyond allergen avoidance and rescue medications for accidental exposures. A major focus of therapeutic development for food allergies is allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) in which patients are exposed to increasing amounts of allergen in controlled dosing to induce desensitization or tolerance. The work of the past few decades has culminated in the recent FDA approval of a peanut product for oral AIT for peanut allergies. Despite these advances, current AIT protocols are cumbersome, take a long time to reach clinical benefit and often have significant side effects. Therefore, there is a great need to develop new therapeutics for food allergy. One area of research aims to improve AIT through the use of adjuvants which are substances traditionally added to vaccines to stimulate or direct a specific immune response. Adjuvants that induce Th1-polarized and regulatory immune responses while suppressing Th2 immunity have shown the most promise in animal models. The addition of adjuvants to AIT may reduce the amount and frequency of allergen required to achieve clinical benefit and may induce more long-lasting immune responses. In this chapter, we highlight examples of adjuvanted AIT and vaccines in development to treat food allergies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey J Landers
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Jessica J O'Konek
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
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7
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Huang J, Liu Z, Rui X, L'Hocine L, Zhang Q, Li W, Dong M. Assessment of the effect of lactic acid fermentation on the gastroduodenal digestibility and immunoglobulin E binding capacity of soy proteins via an in vitro dynamic gastrointestinal digestion model. Food Funct 2020; 11:10467-10479. [PMID: 33245084 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02023k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Fermentation by lactic acid bacteria is helpful in reducing soy protein immunoreactivity. However, how lactic acid fermentation influences the gastroduodenal digestibility and immunoglobulin E (IgE) binding capacity of soy proteins remains unclear. In this study, the protein digestion of a fermented soybean protein isolate (FSPI) was investigated and compared with that of a soybean protein isolate (SPI). The effect on their respective IgE binding capacities at the gastric and duodenal phases was also explored by using a novel in vitro dynamic gastrointestinal digestion model (Bionic Rat Model II+). Medium pH was measured, microstructural analysis was performed, peptide distribution and free amino acid content were determined, and SDS-PAGE analysis was performed to assess the differences between SPI and FSPI. The results showed that FSPI had lower pH (3.76), larger protein aggregates (>60 μm), and higher low-molecular-weight peptides than SPI. During the first 30 min of gastric and duodenal digestion, the extent of hydrolysis of FSPI was higher than that of SPI, and the gastric transition time of the former was longer than that of the latter. Conversely, differences tended to be narrower in the next 30-180 min of gastric and duodenal digestion. As a result, the IgE binding capacity of FSPI was significantly lower than that of SPI at 30 min of gastric and duodenal digestion. Therefore, fermentation by lactic acid bacteria affected the digestibility rate of soy proteins, especially at the initial phases of gastric and duodenal digestion, thereby reducing the exposure of intact epitopes in the duodenum. This study helped to elucidate how lactic acid fermentation affected the digestive behavior of soy proteins and its implication in IgE immunoreactivity reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Huang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu Province, P R China.
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8
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Larsen JM, Bang-Berthelsen CH, Qvortrup K, Sancho AI, Hansen AH, Andersen KIH, Thacker SSN, Eiwegger T, Upton J, Bøgh KL. Production of allergen-specific immunotherapeutic agents for the treatment of food allergy. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2020; 40:881-894. [PMID: 32515236 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2020.1772194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Allergen-specific immunotherapy (IT) is emerging as a viable avenue for the treatment of food allergies. Clinical trials currently investigate raw or slightly processed foods as therapeutic agents, as trials using food-grade agents can be performed without the strict regulations to which conventional drugs are subjected. However, this limits the ability of standardization and may affect clinical trial outcomes and reproducibility. Herein, we provide an overview of methods used in the production of immunotherapeutic agents for the treatment of food allergies, including processed foods, allergen extracts, recombinant allergens, and synthetic peptides, as well as the physical and chemical processes for the reduction of protein allergenicity. Commercial interests currently favor producing standardized drug-grade allergen extracts for therapeutic use, and clinical trials are ongoing. In the near future, recombinant production could replace purification strategies since it allows the manufacturing of pure, native allergens or sequence-modified allergens with reduced allergenicity. A recurring issue within this field is the inadequate reporting of production procedures, quality control, product physicochemical characteristics, allergenicity, and immunological properties. This information is of vital importance in assessing therapeutic standardization and clinical safety profile, which are central parameters for the development of future therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeppe Madura Larsen
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Katrine Qvortrup
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ana Isabel Sancho
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | | | | | - Thomas Eiwegger
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Program, The Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.,Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Translational Medicine Program, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Immunology, The University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Julia Upton
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Program, The Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
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9
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Bai J, Hui J, Lu Q, Yang A, Yuan J, Gao J, Wu Z, Li X, Tong P, Chen H. Effect of transglutaminase cross-linking on the allergenicity of tofu based on a BALB/c mouse model. Food Funct 2020; 11:404-413. [PMID: 31825421 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo02376c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Soybean products are limited in terms of safe consumption because of the sensitization of raw materials. In this study, the allergenicity of cross-linked tofu with microbial transglutaminase (MTG) was evaluated on the basis of a BALB/c mouse model. The mice were randomly divided into five groups. Cholera toxin was used as an adjuvant to sensitize the mice through intragastric administration, and tofu was given orally to investigate its sensitization effect on the mice. The allergy symptoms, body temperature, and weight of the mice were detected. The immunoglobulin E (IgE), immunoglobulin G (IgG), and spleen cytokines of the mice were determined through an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The regulation of the differentiation balance of the different subsets of splenic T lymphocyte (Th1, Th2) and regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the mice was measured through flow cytometry. Results showed that the mice administered with MTG-cross-linked tofu had fewer allergic symptoms compared with those of the control group. The concentrations of serum-specific IgE and IgG, plasma histamine, and mast cell protease 1 (mMCP-1) significantly decreased. The Th2-related cytokine levels reduced, and the IFN-γ levels increased. The proportion of Th2 cells decreased, and the proportion of CD4+CD25+Foxp+ Tregs increased as the percentage of Th1 cells increased. Therefore, the sensitization of enzymatic cross-linked tofu decreased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanjing Dong Lu 235, Nanchang 330047, China.
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10
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Fotschki J, Wróblewska B, Fotschki B, Kalicki B, Rigby N, Mackie A. Microbial transglutaminase alters the immunogenic potential and cross-reactivity of horse and cow milk proteins. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:2153-2166. [PMID: 31928755 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-17264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Horse milk is a valuable raw material and a very attractive alternative for scientific research to address the issue of cow milk (CM) allergy due to its protein profile. A decrease in immunoreactive properties can be achieved by thermal, enzymatic, and hydrolytic processing. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the possibility of reducing the immunoreactivity of horse milk proteins by microbial transglutaminase (TG) polymerization. To determine how TG linking alters immunoreactivity under simulated digestion of the examined milk, analyses were performed before, during, and after digestion. The dose-dependent (1, 10, and 100 U) effects of microbial TG on horse and cow milk were analyzed. A consecutive 3-stage digestion was simulated with salivary, gastric, and intestinal fluids. The effects of digestion were analyzed by SDS-PAGE, particle size analysis, and size-exclusion chromatography. Immunoreactivity was assessed using competitive ELISA (β-lactoglobulin and α-casein) and immunodot (sera from 7 patients aged 3 to 13 years who are allergic to CM proteins). Horse milk contained almost half of the amount of total proteins in CM. The dose 1 U/g of total milk protein changed the immunoreactivity of both cow and horse milk. With increasing TG doses, α-casein immunoreactivity increased, and β-lactoglobulin decreased. After total digestion, horse milk was characterized by 2.4-fold lower average IgE and 4.8-fold lower IgG reactivity than CM. We found that TG alters the IgE and IgG reactivity of CM after in vitro digestion. Horse milk was less reactive to IgE and IgG than was CM, with animal and patient sera. The effect of TG on immunoreactivity depends on enzyme quantity and milk protein type. The diet based on modified horse milk proteins could be an alternative for some patients with CM protein allergy; however, confirmation through clinical trials is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Fotschki
- Department of Immunology and Food Microbiology, Division of Food Science, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - B Wróblewska
- Department of Immunology and Food Microbiology, Division of Food Science, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - B Fotschki
- Department of Biological Function of Food, Division of Food Science, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - B Kalicki
- Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology and Allergology, Military Institute of Medicine, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland
| | - N Rigby
- Institute of Food Research, Norwich NR4 7UA, United Kingdom; School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - A Mackie
- Institute of Food Research, Norwich NR4 7UA, United Kingdom; School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
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11
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Ha HK, Rankin SA, Lee MR, Lee WJ. Development and Characterization of Whey Protein-Based Nano-Delivery Systems: A Review. Molecules 2019; 24:E3254. [PMID: 31500127 PMCID: PMC6767039 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24183254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Various bioactive compounds (BCs) often possess poor stability and bioavailability, which makes it difficult for them to exert their potential health benefits. These limitations can be countered by the use of nano-delivery systems (NDSs), such as nanoparticles and nanoemulsions. NDSs can protect BCs against harsh environments during food processing and digestion, and thereby, could enhance the bioavailability of BCs. Although various NDSs have been successfully produced with both synthetic and natural materials, it is necessary to fulfill safety criteria in the delivery materials for food applications. Food-grade materials for the production of NDSs, such as milk proteins and carbohydrates, have received much attention due to their low toxicity, biodegradability, and biocompatibility. Among these, whey proteins-from whey, a byproduct of cheese manufacturing-have been considered as excellent delivery material because of their high nutritional value and various functional properties, such as binding capability to various compounds, gelation, emulsifying properties, and barrier effects. Since the functional and physicochemical properties of whey protein-based NDSs, including size and surface charge, can be key factors affecting the applications of NDSs in food, the objectives of this review are to discuss how manufacturing variables can modulate the functional and physicochemical properties of NDSs and bioavailability of encapsulated BCs to produce efficient NDSs for various BCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Kyung Ha
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea.
| | - Scott A Rankin
- Department of Food Science, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
| | - Mee-Ryung Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Daegu University, Gyeongsan 712-714, Korea.
| | - Won-Jae Lee
- Department of Animal Bioscience and Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea.
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12
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Structure Changes in Relation to Digestibility and IgE-Binding of Glycinin Induced by pH-Shifting Combined with Microbial Transglutaminase-Mediated Modification. FOOD BIOPHYS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11483-019-09580-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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13
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Xing G, Giosafatto CVL, Rui X, Dong M, Mariniello L. Microbial transglutaminase-mediated polymerization in the presence of lactic acid bacteria affects antigenicity of soy protein component present in bio-tofu. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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14
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Yu XX, Liu C, Lu MH, Liu YL, Yin JY, Zhang YH. Impact of enzymatic hydrolysis followed by transglutaminase-induced cross-linking on decreasing antigenicity and reserving partial interfacial properties of whey protein isolate. Food Funct 2019; 10:1653-1660. [DOI: 10.1039/c8fo01880d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Whey protein isolate (WPI) was hydrolyzed by alcalase and trypsin for three hydrolysis degrees (DHs), followed by transglutaminase (TGase) induced cross-linking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Xin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science
- Ministry of Education
- Northeast Agricultural University
- Harbin 150030
- PR China
| | - Chang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science
- Ministry of Education
- Northeast Agricultural University
- Harbin 150030
- PR China
| | - Man-Hui Lu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science
- Ministry of Education
- Northeast Agricultural University
- Harbin 150030
- PR China
| | - Yan-Le Liu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science
- Ministry of Education
- Northeast Agricultural University
- Harbin 150030
- PR China
| | - Jia-Yi Yin
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science
- Ministry of Education
- Northeast Agricultural University
- Harbin 150030
- PR China
| | - Ying-Hua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science
- Ministry of Education
- Northeast Agricultural University
- Harbin 150030
- PR China
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15
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Stender EGP, Koutina G, Almdal K, Hassenkam T, Mackie A, Ipsen R, Svensson B. Isoenergic modification of whey protein structure by denaturation and crosslinking using transglutaminase. Food Funct 2018; 9:797-805. [DOI: 10.1039/c7fo01451a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The structural effect of denaturation of whey protein by heat or pH and subsequent crosslinking by transglutaminase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emil G. P. Stender
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine
- Technical University of Denmark
- Denmark
| | - Glykeria Koutina
- Department of Food Science
- University of Copenhagen
- Copenhagen
- Denmark
| | - Kristoffer Almdal
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology
- Technical University of Denmark
- Denmark
| | - Tue Hassenkam
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Copenhagen
- Copenhagen
- Denmark
| | - Alan Mackie
- Institute of Food Research
- Norwich Research Park
- Colney
- UK
- School of Food Science and Nutrition
| | - Richard Ipsen
- Department of Food Science
- University of Copenhagen
- Copenhagen
- Denmark
| | - Birte Svensson
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine
- Technical University of Denmark
- Denmark
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16
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Biologically Active Digests from Pumpkin Oil Cake Protein: Effect of Cross-linking by Transglutaminase. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11746-017-3041-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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17
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Xing G, Rui X, Jiang M, Xiao Y, Guan Y, Wang D, Dong M. In vitro gastrointestinal digestion study of a novel bio-tofu with special emphasis on the impact of microbial transglutaminase. PeerJ 2016; 4:e2754. [PMID: 27994970 PMCID: PMC5162802 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.2754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We have developed a novel bio-tofu, made from mixed soy and cow milk (MSCM), using Lactobacillus helveticus MB2-1 and Lactobacillus plantarum B1-6 incorporated with microbial transglutaminase (MTGase) as coagulant. MTGase was added to improve the textural properties and suit for cooking. However, the effect of MTGase on the digestion of mixed-protein fermented by lactic acid bacteria was unclear. This study aimed at evaluating the effect of MTGase on protein digestion of bio-tofu under simulated gastrointestinal digestion condition. The results showed that addition of MTGase could affect the particle size distribution, degree of hydrolysis, the content of soluble proteins and free amino acids. Based on the electrophoresis data, MTGase addition enhanced protein polymerization. During gastric and intestinal digestion process, proteins from bio-tofu were degraded into low molecular mass peptides. Our results suggested that incorporation of MTGase could lead to enzymatic modification of proteins of bio-tofu which may help in controlling energy intake and decrease the chance of food allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangliang Xing
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , P. R. China
| | - Xin Rui
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , P. R. China
| | - Mei Jiang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China; Huai'an Academy of Nanjing Agricultural University, Huai'an, P. R. China
| | - Yu Xiao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , P. R. China
| | - Ying Guan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , P. R. China
| | - Dan Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , P. R. China
| | - Mingsheng Dong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , P. R. China
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Zhang YH, Wang H, Liu YL, Zhao XH. Two horseradish peroxidase-based modifications result in two milk protein products with ordered secondary structure and enhanced in vitro antigenicity. CYTA - JOURNAL OF FOOD 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/19476337.2016.1179346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Hua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
- Department of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Huan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
- Department of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Yan-Le Liu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
- Department of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Xin-Huai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
- Department of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
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Nourbakhsh H, Madadlou A, Emam-Djomeh Z, Wang YC, Gunasekaran S, Mousavi ME. One-Pot Procedure for Recovery of Gallic Acid from Wastewater and Encapsulation within Protein Particles. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:1575-1582. [PMID: 26862880 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b04867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A whey protein isolate solution was heat-denatured and treated with the enzyme transglutaminase, which cross-linked ≈26% of the amino groups and increased the magnitude of the ζ-potential value. The protein solution was microemulsified, and then the resulting water-in-oil microemulsion was dispersed within a gallic acid-rich model wastewater. Gallic acid extraction by the outlined microemulsion liquid membrane (MLM) from the exterior aqueous phase (wastewater) and accumulation within the internal aqueous nanodroplets induced protein cold-set gelation and resulted in the formation of gallic acid-enveloping nanoparticles. Measurements with a strain-controlled rheometer indicated a progressive increase in the MLM viscosity during gallic acid recovery corresponding to particle formation. The mean hydrodynamic size of the nanoparticles made from the heat-denatured and preheated enzymatically cross-linked proteins was 137 and 122 nm, respectively. The enzymatic cross-linking of whey proteins led to a higher gallic acid recovery yield and increased the glass transition enthalpy and temperature. A similar impact on glass transition indices was observed by the gallic acid-induced nanoparticulation of proteins. Scanning electron microscopy showed the existence of numerous jammed/fused nanoparticles. It was suggested on the basis of the results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy that the in situ nanoparticulation of proteins shifted the C-N stretching and C-H bending peaks to higher wavenumbers. X-ray diffraction results proposed a decreased β-sheet content for proteins because of the acid-induced particulation. The nanoparticles made from the enzymatically cross-linked protein were more stable against the in vitro gastrointestinal digestion and retained almost 19% of the entrapped gallic acid after 300 min sequential gastric and intestinal digestions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himan Nourbakhsh
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran , Karaj, Iran
| | - Ashkan Madadlou
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran , Karaj, Iran
| | - Zahra Emam-Djomeh
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran , Karaj, Iran
| | - Yi-Cheng Wang
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Sundaram Gunasekaran
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Mohammad E Mousavi
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran , Karaj, Iran
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20
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Zhang YH, Liu JQ, Xu D, Zhao XH. Impacts of glucosamine/oligochitosan glycation and cross-linking by transglutaminase on the structure andin vitroantigenicity of whey proteins. INT J DAIRY TECHNOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0307.12246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Hua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science; Ministry of Education; Northeast Agricultural University; Harbin 150030 China
- Department of Food Science; Northeast Agricultural University; Harbin 150030 China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition; Northeast Agricultural University; Harbin 150030 China
| | - Jia-Qi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science; Ministry of Education; Northeast Agricultural University; Harbin 150030 China
- Department of Food Science; Northeast Agricultural University; Harbin 150030 China
| | - Di Xu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science; Ministry of Education; Northeast Agricultural University; Harbin 150030 China
- Department of Food Science; Northeast Agricultural University; Harbin 150030 China
| | - Xin-Huai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science; Ministry of Education; Northeast Agricultural University; Harbin 150030 China
- Department of Food Science; Northeast Agricultural University; Harbin 150030 China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition; Northeast Agricultural University; Harbin 150030 China
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21
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Villas-Boas MB, Benedé S, de Lima Zollner R, Netto FM, Molina E. Epitopes resistance to the simulated gastrointestinal digestion of β-lactoglobulin submitted to two-step enzymatic modification. Food Res Int 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2015.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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22
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Effect of high pressure-assisted crosslinking of ovalbumin and egg white by transglutaminase on their potential allergenicity. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2015.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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23
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del Castillo-Santaella T, Sanmartín E, Cabrerizo-Vílchez MA, Arboleya JC, Maldonado-Valderrama J. Improved digestibility of β-lactoglobulin by pulsed light processing: a dilatational and shear study. SOFT MATTER 2014; 10:9702-9714. [PMID: 25358648 DOI: 10.1039/c4sm01667j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Modifying the protein conformation appears to improve the digestibility of proteins in the battle against allergies. However, it is important not to lose the protein functionality in the process. Light pulse technology has been recently tested as an efficient non-thermal process which alters the conformation of proteins while improving their functionality as stabilizers. Also, in order to rationally design emulsion based food products with specific digestion profiles, we need to understand how interfacial composition influences the digestion of coated interfaces. This study has been designed to investigate the effects of pulsed light (PL) treatment on the gastrointestinal digestion of protein covered interfaces. We have used a combination of dilatational and shear rheology which highlights inter and intra-molecular interactions providing new molecular details on protein digestibility. The in vitro digestion model analyses sequentially pepsinolysis, trypsinolysis and lipolysis of β-lactoglobulin (BLG) and pulsed light treated β-lactoglobulin (PL-BLG). The results show that the PL-treatment seems to facilitate digestibility of the protein network, especially regarding trypsinolysis. Firstly, PL treatment just barely enhances the enzymatic degradation of BLG by pepsin, which dilutes and weakens the interfacial layer, due to increased hydrophobicity of the protein owing to PL-treatment. Secondly, PL treatment importantly modifies the susceptibility of BLG to trypsin hydrolysis. While it dilutes the interfacial layer in all cases, it strengthens the BLG and weakens the PL-BLG interfacial layer. Finally, this weakening appears to slightly facilitate lipolysis as evidenced by the results obtained upon addition of lipase and bile salts (BS). This research allows identification of the interfacial mechanisms affecting enzymatic hydrolysis of proteins and lipolysis, which demonstrates an improved digestibility of PL-BLG. The fact that PL treatment did not affect the functionality of the protein makes it a valuable alternative for tailoring novel food matrices with improved functional properties such as decreased digestibility, controlled energy intake and low allergenicity.
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Jiménez-Saiz R, Benedé S, Molina E, López-Expósito I. Effect of Processing Technologies on the Allergenicity of Food Products. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2014; 55:1902-17. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2012.736435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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25
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Oehlke K, Adamiuk M, Behsnilian D, Gräf V, Mayer-Miebach E, Walz E, Greiner R. Potential bioavailability enhancement of bioactive compounds using food-grade engineered nanomaterials: a review of the existing evidence. Food Funct 2014; 5:1341-59. [DOI: 10.1039/c3fo60067j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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26
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Characterisation of the physicochemical, residual antigenicity and cell activity properties of transglutaminase cross-linked sodium caseinate hydrolysates. Int Dairy J 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2013.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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27
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Olivier CE, Lima RPDS, Pinto DG, Santos RAPGD, Silva GKMD, Lorena SLS, Villas-Boas MB, Netto FM, Zollner RDL. In search of a tolerance-induction strategy for cow's milk allergies: significant reduction of beta-lactoglobulin allergenicity via transglutaminase/cysteine polymerization. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2012; 67:1171-9. [PMID: 23070344 PMCID: PMC3460020 DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2012(10)09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2012] [Revised: 04/24/2012] [Accepted: 06/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the use of β-lactoglobulin polymerized using microbial transglutaminase and heating to identify whether protein polymerization could reduce in vivo allergenicity and maintain in vitro and ex vivo immunoreactivity for use in tolerance-induction protocols. METHODS Based on previous protocols applied in mice and children, we performed in vivo challenges (using a skin prick test) with native and polymerized β-lactoglobulin in adult patients with an IgE-mediated allergy to plactoglobulin. In vitro humoral immunoreactivity was analyzed using immunoblotting. Cell-mediated immunoreactivity was analyzed using ex vivo challenges with native and polymerized β-lactoglobulin and monitored by leukocyte adherence inhibition tests. RESULTS The skin tests demonstrated that there was a significant reduction in immediate cutaneous reactivity after polymerization. Polymerization did not decrease the immunoblotting detection of s-IgE specific to β-lactoglobulin. Cell-mediated immunoreactivity, as assessed by ex vivo challenges and leukocyte adherence inhibition tests, did not exhibit significant differences between leukocytes challenged with native versus polymerized β-lactoglobulin. CONCLUSIONS The polymerization of β-lactoglobulin decreased in vivo allergenicity and did not decrease in vitro humoral or ex vivo cell-mediated immunoreactivity. Therefore, we conclude that inducing polymerization using transglutaminase represents a promising technique to produce suitable molecules for the purpose of designing oral/ sublingual tolerance induction protocols for the treatment of allergies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celso Eduardo Olivier
- Laboratory of Immunology and Experimental Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas/SP, Brazil
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