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S S, T JJ, Shagolshem Mukta S, Rao PS. A comprehensive review of the mechanism, changes, and effect of deep fat frying on the characteristics of restructured foods. Food Chem 2024; 450:139393. [PMID: 38640542 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Restructured foods are a blend of various ingredients that are dried or fried to obtain a ready-to-eat product. Several frying techniques have been employed viz., deep fat, microwave, vacuum, air, and spray frying. Deep-fat frying is the most common technique used for products that have improved texture and sensory characteristics. It facilitates various transformations that include starch gelatinization, protein denaturation, nutrient loss, non-enzymatic browning, lipid oxidation, etc. This physicochemical change alters both the product and the fried oil quality. The frying conditions will also influence the product characteristics and affect the properties of the fried product. This review focuses on the mechanisms and transformations during deep fat frying. The properties, namely physical, chemical, sensory, thermal, rheological, and microstructural changes of restructured foods were discussed. Thus, a better understanding of mechanisms and properties at optimum frying conditions would yield the desired product quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivaranjani S
- Agricultural & Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India.
| | - Jayasree Joshi T
- Agricultural & Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Singh Shagolshem Mukta
- Agricultural & Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - P Srinivasa Rao
- Agricultural & Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
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Hu X, Jiang Q, Wang H, Li J, Tu Z. Insight into the effect of traditional frying techniques on glycosylated hazardous products, quality attributes and flavor characteristics of grass carp fillets. Food Chem 2023; 421:136111. [PMID: 37087991 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the evolution of quality attributes, oxidation index, glycosylated hazardous products, aroma characteristics of grass carp fillets and their relationship under air-frying, roast-frying and pan-frying. With frying progressed, the level of carbonyl protein and lipid oxidation products increased significantly (following air-frying > pan-frying > roast-frying), and the latter decreased subsequently after 6 min. Fillets possessed by frying increased significantly Nε-carboxymethyl-lysines (CML) and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) levels, whose increment was pan-frying > air-frying > roast-frying. Compared to raw, eighty-seven volatiles were identified and the total concentrations of those increased gradually in air-frying, but then decreased up to 6 min in roast-frying and pan-frying. Furthermore, significant correlations between CML, TBARS and 5-HMF, quality attributes, oxidation index; volatiles (VIP and/or OAV > 1) and lipid oxidation index were obtained. Conclusively, fillets possessed by air-/roast-frying showed more lipid oxidation and alcohols/aldehydes, while pan-fried enriched CML and pyrazines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangfei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Qiannan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Jinlin Li
- National Research and Development Center of Freshwater Fish Processing, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China.
| | - Zongcai Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China; National Research and Development Center of Freshwater Fish Processing, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China.
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3
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Optimization of Radio Frequency Explosion Puffing Parameters for the Production of Nutritious Snacks. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-022-02942-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
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4
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Manzoor S, Masoodi FA, Rashid R, Wani SM, Naqash F, Ahmad M. Advances in vacuum frying: Recent developments and potential applications. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.14219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaziya Manzoor
- Department of Food Science and Technology University of Kashmir Srinagar Jammu & Kashmir India
| | - F. A. Masoodi
- Department of Food Science and Technology University of Kashmir Srinagar Jammu & Kashmir India
| | - Rubiya Rashid
- Department of Food Science and Technology University of Kashmir Srinagar Jammu & Kashmir India
| | - Shoib Mohmad Wani
- Department of Food Science and Technology University of Kashmir Srinagar Jammu & Kashmir India
| | - Farah Naqash
- Department of Food Science and Technology University of Kashmir Srinagar Jammu & Kashmir India
| | - Mudasir Ahmad
- Department of Food Science and Technology University of Kashmir Srinagar Jammu & Kashmir India
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Efficacy of exogenous natural antioxidants in stability of polyunsaturated oils under frying temperature. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-022-01601-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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6
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Orsák M, Kotíková Z, Podhorecká K, Lachman J, Kasal P. Acrylamide formation in red-, purple- and yellow-fleshed potatoes by frying and baking. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Evaluation of the Thermophysical, Sensory, and Microstructural Properties of Colombian Coastal Carimañola Obtained by Atmospheric and Vacuum Frying. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE 2022; 2022:7251584. [PMID: 35747781 PMCID: PMC9213204 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7251584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The quality of fried products affects consumer purchase decisions, and frying is an important stage in the production process. The objective of this research was to evaluate the thermophysical properties, the sensory quality, and microstructure of Colombian coastal Carimañola traditionally manufactured, in atmospheric frying and vacuum frying conditions. Lower moisture and fat content were reported in samples fried under vacuum compared to samples fried under atmospheric conditions, which is associated with the vacuum pressure during the process. Thermophysical properties, related to heat transfer in the samples, showed a correlation between thermal conductivity and moisture content. The micrographs visualized the changes in the porous structure of the coastal Carimañola. A greater effect was evidenced in the samples obtained by atmospheric frying because higher temperatures were used. The sensory evaluation reflected a preference for Carimañolas made with conventional frying. This research provides a basis for consumer purchases of traditionally fried products made with vacuum frying.
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8
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Demei K, Zhang M, Phuhongsung P, Mujumdar AS. 3D food printing: Controlling characteristics and improving technological effect during food processing. Food Res Int 2022; 156:111120. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Qin R, Wu R, Shi H, Jia C, Rong J, Liu R. Formation of AGEs in fish cakes during air frying and other traditional heating methods. Food Chem 2022; 391:133213. [PMID: 35617759 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in fish cakes under air frying, deep frying, pan frying and baking. The results showed that the AGEs contents on the surface of fish cakes significantly increased with prolonging heating time. The AGEs contents under different methods were following: deep frying > air frying ≈ pan frying > baking. However, the AGEs contents in the interior of fish cakes were hardly influenced by the methods and time. The correlation analysis showed that the AGEs contents were negatively correlated with the moisture content, positively correlated with the yellowness (b*) value, oil content and oxidation products. Additionally, the air-fried fish cake exhibited a denser texture compared to the others, and its colour was similar to the deep-fried ones. Conclusively, the air-fried fish cake showed low oil and AGEs contents, and similar colour to the deep-fried fish cake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruike Qin
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University / Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education / National R & D Branch Center for Conventional Freshwater Fish Processing (Wuhan), Wuhan, Hubei Province 430070, PR China
| | - Runlin Wu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University / Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education / National R & D Branch Center for Conventional Freshwater Fish Processing (Wuhan), Wuhan, Hubei Province 430070, PR China
| | - Haonan Shi
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University / Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education / National R & D Branch Center for Conventional Freshwater Fish Processing (Wuhan), Wuhan, Hubei Province 430070, PR China
| | - Caihua Jia
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University / Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education / National R & D Branch Center for Conventional Freshwater Fish Processing (Wuhan), Wuhan, Hubei Province 430070, PR China
| | - Jianhua Rong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University / Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education / National R & D Branch Center for Conventional Freshwater Fish Processing (Wuhan), Wuhan, Hubei Province 430070, PR China
| | - Ru Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University / Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education / National R & D Branch Center for Conventional Freshwater Fish Processing (Wuhan), Wuhan, Hubei Province 430070, PR China.
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11
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Wang Y, Wu X, McClements DJ, Chen L, Miao M, Jin Z. Effect of New Frying Technology on Starchy Food Quality. Foods 2021; 10:1852. [PMID: 34441629 PMCID: PMC8393420 DOI: 10.3390/foods10081852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Frying is commonly used by consumers, restaurants, and industries around the globe to cook and process foods. Compared to other food processing methods, frying has several potential advantages, including reduced processing times and the creation of foods with desirable sensory attributes. Frying is often used to prepare starchy foods. After ingestion, the starch and fat in these foods are hydrolyzed by enzymes in the human digestive tract, thereby providing an important source of energy (glucose and fatty acids) for the human body. Conversely, overconsumption of fried starchy foods can promote overweight, obesity, and other chronic diseases. Moreover, frying can generate toxic reaction products that can damage people's health. Consequently, there is interest in developing alternative frying technologies that reduce the levels of nutritionally undesirable components in fried foods, such as vacuum, microwave, air, and radiant frying methods. In this review, we focus on the principles and applications of these innovative frying technologies, and highlight their potential advantages and shortcomings. Further development of these technologies should lead to the creation of healthier fried foods that can help combat the rise in diet-related chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China; (Y.W.); (X.W.); (Z.J.)
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China;
| | - Xianglei Wu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China; (Y.W.); (X.W.); (Z.J.)
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China;
| | | | - Long Chen
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China; (Y.W.); (X.W.); (Z.J.)
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China;
| | - Ming Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China;
| | - Zhengyu Jin
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China; (Y.W.); (X.W.); (Z.J.)
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China;
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12
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Devi S, Zhang M, Ju R, Bhandari B. Recent development of innovative methods for efficient frying technology. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:3709-3724. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1804319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shoma Devi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Yangzhou Yechun Food Production & Distribution Co, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Ronghua Ju
- Agricultural and Forestry Products Deep Processing Technology and Equipment Engineering Center of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bhesh Bhandari
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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