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Unadkat SV, Padhi BK, Bhongir AV, Gandhi AP, Shamim MA, Dahiya N, Satapathy P, Rustagi S, Khatib MN, Gaidhane A, Zahiruddin QS, Sah R, Serhan HA. Association between homocysteine and coronary artery disease-trend over time and across the regions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Egypt Heart J 2024; 76:29. [PMID: 38409614 PMCID: PMC10897093 DOI: 10.1186/s43044-024-00460-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association of homocysteine with coronary artery disease (CAD) has been explored previously with mixed findings. The present Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (SRMA) has assessed the pooled estimate of association between homocysteine (Hcy) and CAD, and its variation over the period and geography. METHODS Systematic literature search was done in PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane to identify the observational studies that have reported mean Hcy among cases (CAD) and control. The SRMA was registered in PROSPERO (ID-CRD42023387675). RESULTS Pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) of Hcy levels between the cases and controls was 0.73 (95% CI 0.55-0.91) from 59 studies. Heterogeneity was high (I2 94%). The highest SMD was found among the Asian studies (0.85 [95% CI 0.60-1.10]), while the European studies reported the lowest SMD between the cases and controls (0.32 [95% CI 0.18-0.46]). Meta-regression revealed that the strength of association was increasing over the years (Beta = 0.0227, p = 0.048). CONCLUSIONS Higher homocysteine levels might have a significant association with coronary artery diseases, but the certainty of evidence was rated low, owing to the observational nature of the studies, high heterogeneity, and publication bias. Within the population groups, Asian and African populations showed a greater strength of association than their European and American counterparts, and it also increased over the years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit V Unadkat
- Department of Community Medicine, M. P. Shah Government Medical College, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Bijaya K Padhi
- Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Aparna Varma Bhongir
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar, Hyderabad, India
| | - Aravind P Gandhi
- Department of Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, 441108, India.
| | - Muhammad Aaqib Shamim
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, 342005, India
- Global Center for Evidence Synthesis, Chandigarh, 160036, India
| | - Neelam Dahiya
- Department of Cardiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Prakasini Satapathy
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, 248001, India
| | - Sarvesh Rustagi
- School of Applied and Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Mahalaqua Nazli Khatib
- Division of Evidence Synthesis, Global Consortium of Public Health and Research, DMIHER, Wardha, India
| | - Abhay Gaidhane
- Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, One Health Centre (COHERD), Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education, Wardha, India
| | - Quazi Syed Zahiruddin
- Division of Evidence Synthesis, School of Epidemiology and Public Health and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education, Wardha, India
| | - Ranjit Sah
- Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, 46000, Nepal
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, DY Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, DY Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, 411000, Maharashtra, India
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2
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Adam LN, Al-Habib OAM, Shekha MS. Exploring the role of Sirtuin 3 gene polymorphisms and oxidative stress markers in the susceptibility to coronary artery disease. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:9221-9228. [PMID: 37801276 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08825-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a complex disorder influenced by genetic and environmental factors. This case-control study investigated the association between Sirtuin SIRT3 gene polymorphisms, serum malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and CAD susceptibility. METHODS Blood samples were collected from 70 CAD cases and 30 controls at the Cardiac Center, Azadi Teaching Hospital, Duhok, Iraq. Genomic DNA was extracted, and PCR-based allele genotyping determined SIRT3 rs11246029 T/C polymorphisms. Serum MDA levels were measured using ELISA. Statistical analysis included t-tests, Mann-Whitney tests, and Spearman correlations. Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) assessed genotypes/alleles and CAD associations. The accuracy of serum MDA in predicting the severity of CAD was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. RESULTS There were no significant variations in serum MDA levels between controls and CAD patients in the study. The diagnostic accuracy of serum MDA for CAD severity prediction was modest (Area Under Curve (AUC) = 0.56). Correlations revealed associations between MDA and total bilirubin (negative) and Troponin (positive). CRP correlated positively with LDH, glucose, cholesterol, LDL, CKmB, and Troponin. CKmB and Troponin are positively associated with clinical characteristics. Genotype analysis identified a significantly higher CAD risk with the CC genotype compared to controls. CONCLUSION These findings shed light on the potential role of SIRT3 gene polymorphisms and serum MDA levels in CAD susceptibility. Further research is needed to understand underlying mechanisms and therapeutic implications based on these markers. TRIAL REGISTRATION 15092021-9-12. Registered 15 September 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina N Adam
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zakho, Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
| | - Omar A M Al-Habib
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Nawroz, Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Mudhir S Shekha
- Department of medical cell biology, Upsala University, Upsala, Sweden
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Salahaddin University -Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
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3
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Ivanov AV, Popov MA, Metelkin AA, Aleksandrin VV, Agafonov EG, Kruglova MP, Silina EV, Stupin VA, Maslennikov RA, Kubatiev AA. Influence of Coronary Artery Bypass Grafts on Blood Aminothiols in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease. Metabolites 2023; 13:743. [PMID: 37367901 PMCID: PMC10305081 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13060743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) and the coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) are associated with a decreased blood glutathione (bGSH) level. Since GSH metabolism is closely related to other aminothiols (homocysteine and cysteine) and glucose, the aim of this study was to reveal the associations of bGSH with glucose and plasma aminothiols in CAD patients (N = 35) before CABG and in the early postoperative period. Forty-three volunteers with no history of cardiovascular disease formed the control group. bGSH and its redox status were significantly lower in CAD patients at admission. CABG had no significant effect on these parameters, with the exception of an increase in the bGSH/hemoglobin ratio. At admission, CAD patients were characterized by negative associations of homocysteine and cysteine with bGSH. All these associations disappeared after CABG. An association was found between an increase in oxidized GSH in the blood in the postoperative period and fasting glucose levels. Thus, CAD is associated with the depletion of the intracellular pool and the redox status of bGSH, in which hyperhomocysteinemia and a decrease in the bioavailability of the extracellular pool of cysteine play a role. The present study indicates that CABG causes disruptions in aminothiol metabolism and induces the synthesis of bGSH. Moreover, glucose becomes an important factor in the dysregulation of GSH metabolism in CABG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Vladimirovich Ivanov
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Baltiyskaya St., 8, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.M.); (V.V.A.); (M.P.K.); (A.A.K.)
| | - Mikhail Aleksandrovich Popov
- Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute n.a. M.F. Vladimirskiy, Shchepkin St., 61/2, 129110 Moscow, Russia; (M.A.P.); (E.G.A.); (R.A.M.)
| | - Arkady Andreevich Metelkin
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Baltiyskaya St., 8, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.M.); (V.V.A.); (M.P.K.); (A.A.K.)
| | - Valery Vasil’evich Aleksandrin
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Baltiyskaya St., 8, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.M.); (V.V.A.); (M.P.K.); (A.A.K.)
| | - Evgeniy Gennad’evich Agafonov
- Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute n.a. M.F. Vladimirskiy, Shchepkin St., 61/2, 129110 Moscow, Russia; (M.A.P.); (E.G.A.); (R.A.M.)
| | - Maria Petrovna Kruglova
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Baltiyskaya St., 8, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.M.); (V.V.A.); (M.P.K.); (A.A.K.)
- Department of Human Pathology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Trubetskaya St., 8, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Ekaterina Vladimirovna Silina
- Department of Human Pathology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Trubetskaya St., 8, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Victor Aleksandrovich Stupin
- Department of Hospital Surgery No. 1, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ostrovityanova St., 1, 117997 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Ruslan Andreevich Maslennikov
- Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute n.a. M.F. Vladimirskiy, Shchepkin St., 61/2, 129110 Moscow, Russia; (M.A.P.); (E.G.A.); (R.A.M.)
| | - Aslan Amirkhanovich Kubatiev
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Baltiyskaya St., 8, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.M.); (V.V.A.); (M.P.K.); (A.A.K.)
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4
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Chaulin A. Cardiotoxicity as a Possible Side Effect of Statins. Rev Cardiovasc Med 2023; 24:22. [PMID: 39076865 PMCID: PMC11270446 DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2401022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
According to current views, statins have a wide range of beneficial effects (lipid and non-lipid) on the cardiovascular system, so they are one of the most commonly used drugs for the prevention and management of patients with cardiovascular diseases. However, it is important to note that information about many beneficial effects of statins is contradictory. In addition, a number of side effects of statins, in particular, myotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, diabetogenic property, etc., may limit the possibility of using statins or even force doctors to cancel these drugs. Also, some concerns are caused by recent studies reporting cardiotoxicity of statins and increased serum concentrations of biomarkers of myocardial damage (highly sensitive cardiac troponins (hs-cTns)) in patients taking statins. This article discusses in detail the possible mechanisms of cardiotoxicity of statins and outlines the directions for further research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksey Chaulin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Samara State Medical University,
443099 Samara, Samara Region, Russia
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery, Samara State Medical
University, 443099 Samara, Samara Region, Russia
- Research Institute of Cardiology, Samara State Medical University, 443099
Samara, Samara Region, Russia
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5
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Chaulin AM. Review of Recent Laboratory and Experimental Data on Cardiotoxicity of Statins. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2022; 9:403. [PMID: 36421938 PMCID: PMC9696927 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd9110403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the fact that statins are among the most high-demand therapeutic agents used for the treatment and prevention of the most common cardiovascular diseases, a significant amount of research is focused on these drugs. As a result, the study and discovery of new effects in statin drugs continues. Research methods are constantly being improved in terms of their sensitivity and specificity, which leads to a change in ideas. In addition to the main lipid-lowering effect, statins have a number of additional effects, which can be conditionally divided into positive (pleiotropic) and negative (side effects). Moreover, information about many of the pleiotropic effects of statins is controversial and may subsequently change as new data become available. To a large extent, this is due to the introduction of new and the improvement of old methods of study: clinical, laboratory and morphological ones. Recent studies report the possibility of statins having potential cardiotoxic properties, which is expressed by an increase in the concentration of highly sensitive cardiac troponins, as well as various adverse changes in cardiac myocytes at the ultrastructural and molecular levels. This paper discusses possible mechanisms of statin cardiotoxicity. This narrative review is based on an analysis of publications in the Medline, PubMed, PubMed Central and Embase databases. The terms "statins", "troponin", "troponin I", "troponin T" in combination with "cardiotoxicity", "false positive", "mechanisms of increase", "pathophysiological mechanisms", "oxidative stress" and "cardiomyocyte apoptosis" were used to search publications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksey M. Chaulin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Samara State Medical University, 443099 Samara, Russia; ; Tel.: +7-(927)-770-25-87
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery, Samara State Medical University, 443099 Samara, Russia
- Research Institute of Cardiology, Samara State Medical University, 443099 Samara, Russia
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6
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Ait-Aissa K, Blaszak SC, Beutner G, Tsaih SW, Morgan G, Santos JH, Flister MJ, Joyce DL, Camara AKS, Gutterman DD, Donato AJ, Porter GA, Beyer AM. Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation defect in the Heart of Subjects with Coronary Artery Disease. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7623. [PMID: 31110224 PMCID: PMC6527853 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43761-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of death worldwide and frequently associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Detailed understanding of abnormalities in mitochondrial function that occur in patients with CAD is lacking. We evaluated mitochondrial damage, energy production, and mitochondrial complex activity in human non-CAD and CAD hearts. Fresh and frozen human heart tissue was used. Cell lysate or mitochondria were isolated using standard techniques. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), NAD + and ATP levels, and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation capacity were evaluated. Proteins critical to the regulation of mitochondrial metabolism and function were also evaluated in tissue lysates. PCR analysis revealed an increase in mtDNA lesions and the frequency of mitochondrial common deletion, both established markers for impaired mitochondrial integrity in CAD compared to non-CAD patient samples. NAD+ and ATP levels were significantly decreased in CAD subjects compared to Non-CAD (NAD+ fold change: non-CAD 1.00 ± 0.17 vs. CAD 0.32 ± 0.12* and ATP fold change: non-CAD 1.00 ± 0.294 vs. CAD 0.01 ± 0.001*; N = 15, P < 0.005). We observed decreased respiration control index in CAD tissue and decreased activity of complexes I, II, and III. Expression of ETC complex subunits and respirasome formation were increased; however, elevations in the de-active form of complex I were observed in CAD. We observed a corresponding increase in glycolytic flux, indicated by a rise in pyruvate kinase and lactate dehydrogenase activity, indicating a compensatory increase in glycolysis for cellular energetics. Together, these results indicate a shift in mitochondrial metabolism from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis in human hearts subjects with CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karima Ait-Aissa
- Cardiovascular Center, Department of Medicine, Med College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
| | - Scott C Blaszak
- Cardiovascular Center, Department of Medicine, Med College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Gisela Beutner
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Shirng-Wern Tsaih
- Department of Physiology, Med College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Garrett Morgan
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Janine H Santos
- Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory, NIHEHS, Raleigh-Durham, NC, USA
| | - Michael J Flister
- Department of Physiology, Med College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - David L Joyce
- Department of Surgery, Med College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Amadou K S Camara
- Department of Physiology, Med College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, Med College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - David D Gutterman
- Cardiovascular Center, Department of Medicine, Med College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Anthony J Donato
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.,VA Medical Center-Salt Lake City, GRECC, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - George A Porter
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.,Department of Medicine (Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Andreas M Beyer
- Cardiovascular Center, Department of Medicine, Med College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA. .,Department of Physiology, Med College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
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7
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Kostić S, Mićovic Ž, Andrejević L, Cvetković S, Stamenković A, Stanković S, Obrenović R, Labudović-Borović M, Hrnčić D, Jakovljević V, Djurić D. The effects of L-cysteine and N-acetyl-L-cysteine on homocysteine metabolism and haemostatic markers, and on cardiac and aortic histology in subchronically methionine-treated Wistar male rats. Mol Cell Biochem 2018; 451:43-54. [PMID: 29936684 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-018-3391-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Methionine is the precursor of homocysteine, a sulfur amino acid intermediate in the methylation and transsulfuration pathways; methionine-rich diets were used to induce hyperhomocysteinemia, and cardiovascular pathology was often observed. Other sulfur amino acids interfere with this metabolism, i.e., L-cysteine (Cys) and N-aceyl-L-cysteine (NAC), and probably also affect cardiovascular system. Their effects are controversial due to their ability to act both as anti- or pro-oxidant. Thus, this study aimed to elucidate their influence on levels of homocysteine, folate and vitamin B12, levels of different haemostatic parameters (fibrinogen, D-dimer, vWF Ag, vWF Ac) in rat serum or plasma as well as their effects on cardiac and aortic tissue histology in subchronically methionine-treated rats. Wistar albino rats were divided into 4 experimental groups: (a) control group (0.9% sodium chloride 0.1-0.2 mL/day) (n = 10) (K); (b) DL-methionine (0.8 mmol/kg/bw/day) (n = 10) (M); (c) DL-methionine (0.8 mmol/kg/bw/day) + L-cysteine (7 mg/kg/bw/day) (n = 8) (C); (d) DL-methionine (0.8 mmol/ kg/bw/day) + N-acetyl-L-cysteine (50 mg/kg/bw/day) (n = 8) (N). All substances were applied i.p., treatment duration 3 weeks. Lower levels of vitamin B12 in all the groups were found. Folate was reduced only in N group. Decreased fibrinogen was noted in C and N groups and increased D-dimer only in C. VWF activity was reduced in M and C groups. Deleterious effects in heart were observed, especially after Cys and NAC application. Aortic tissue remained unchanged. In conclusion, it could be said that sulfur amino acids have the significant impact on cardiovascular system in subchronically methionine-treated rats. This study points out the relevance of their complex interactions and deleterious effects mediated by either direct influence or procoagulant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanja Kostić
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Physiology "Richard Burian", University of Belgrade, Visegradska 26/II, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Žarko Mićovic
- Military Health Department, Ministry of Defence, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Lazar Andrejević
- Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medical Science University of Pristina - Kosovska Mitrovica, Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia
| | - Saša Cvetković
- Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medical Science University of Pristina - Kosovska Mitrovica, Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Stamenković
- St. Boniface Hospital Research Center, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Sanja Stanković
- Centre of Medical Biochemistry, Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Radmila Obrenović
- Centre of Medical Biochemistry, Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Labudović-Borović
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Histology and Embryology "Aleksandar Dj. Kostic", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dragan Hrnčić
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Physiology "Richard Burian", University of Belgrade, Visegradska 26/II, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Jakovljević
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.,Department of Human Pathology, 1st Moscow State Medical University IM Sechenov, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Dragan Djurić
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Physiology "Richard Burian", University of Belgrade, Visegradska 26/II, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia.
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8
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Presta V, Figliuzzi I, Citoni B, Miceli F, Battistoni A, Musumeci MB, Coluccia R, De Biase L, Ferrucci A, Volpe M, Tocci G. Effects of different statin types and dosages on systolic/diastolic blood pressure: Retrospective analysis of 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure database. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2018; 20:967-975. [DOI: 10.1111/jch.13283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vivianne Presta
- Division of Cardiology; Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine; Faculty of Medicine and Psychology; Sant'Andrea Hospital; University of Rome Sapienza; Rome Italy
| | - Ilaria Figliuzzi
- Division of Cardiology; Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine; Faculty of Medicine and Psychology; Sant'Andrea Hospital; University of Rome Sapienza; Rome Italy
| | - Barbara Citoni
- Division of Cardiology; Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine; Faculty of Medicine and Psychology; Sant'Andrea Hospital; University of Rome Sapienza; Rome Italy
| | - Francesca Miceli
- Division of Cardiology; Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine; Faculty of Medicine and Psychology; Sant'Andrea Hospital; University of Rome Sapienza; Rome Italy
| | - Allegra Battistoni
- Division of Cardiology; Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine; Faculty of Medicine and Psychology; Sant'Andrea Hospital; University of Rome Sapienza; Rome Italy
| | - Maria Beatrice Musumeci
- Division of Cardiology; Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine; Faculty of Medicine and Psychology; Sant'Andrea Hospital; University of Rome Sapienza; Rome Italy
| | | | - Luciano De Biase
- Division of Cardiology; Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine; Faculty of Medicine and Psychology; Sant'Andrea Hospital; University of Rome Sapienza; Rome Italy
| | - Andrea Ferrucci
- Division of Cardiology; Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine; Faculty of Medicine and Psychology; Sant'Andrea Hospital; University of Rome Sapienza; Rome Italy
| | - Massimo Volpe
- Division of Cardiology; Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine; Faculty of Medicine and Psychology; Sant'Andrea Hospital; University of Rome Sapienza; Rome Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed; Pozzilli Italy
| | - Giuliano Tocci
- Division of Cardiology; Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine; Faculty of Medicine and Psychology; Sant'Andrea Hospital; University of Rome Sapienza; Rome Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed; Pozzilli Italy
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9
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Oi M, Donner D, Peart J, Beck B, Wendt L, Headrick JP, du Toit EF. Pravastatin improves risk factors but not ischaemic tolerance in obese rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 826:148-157. [PMID: 29501869 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.02.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Statins are effective in management of dyslipidaemia, and a cornerstone of CVD prevention strategies. However, the impacts of their pleiotropic effects on other cardiovascular risk factors and myocardial responses to infarction are not well characterised. We hypothesised that pravastatin treatment in obesity improves lipid profiles, insulin-resistance and myocardial resistance to ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Wistar rats were fed a control (C) chow or high carbohydrate and fat diet (HCFD) for 16 weeks with vehicle or pravastatin (prava 7.5 mg/kg/day) treatment for 8 weeks. At 16 weeks HOMAs were performed, blood samples collected and hearts excised for Langendorff perfusions/biochemical analyses. Anti-oxidant activity and proteins regulating mitochondrial fission/fusion and apoptosis were assessed. The HCFD increased body weight (736±15 vs. 655±12 g for C; P<0.001), serum triglycerides (2.91±0.52 vs. 1.64±0.26 mmol/L for C; P<0.001) and insulin-resistance (HOMA- 6.9±0.8 vs. 4.2±0.5 for C; P<0.05) while prava prevented diet induced changes and paradoxically increased lipid peroxidation. The HCFD increased infarct size (34.1±3.1% vs. 18.8±3.0% of AAR for C; P<0.05), which was unchanged by prava in C and HCFD animals. The HCFD decreased cardiac TxR activity and mitochondrial MFN-1 and increased mitochondrial DRP-1 (reducing MFN-1:DRP-1 ratio) and Bax expression, with the latter changes prevented by prava. While unaltered by diet, cytosolic levels of Bax and caspase-3 were reduced by prava in C and HCFD hearts (without changes in cleaved caspase-3). We conclude that obesity, hyper-triglyceridemia and impaired glycemic control in HCFD rats are countered by prava. Despite improved risk factors, prava did not reduce myocardial infarct size, potentially reflecting its complex pleiotropic impacts on cardiac GPX activity and MFN-1, DRP-1, caspase-3 and Bcl-2 proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massa Oi
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University Gold Coast, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Daniel Donner
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University Gold Coast, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Jason Peart
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University Gold Coast, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Belinda Beck
- School of Allied Health Science, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University Gold Coast, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Lauren Wendt
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University Gold Coast, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - John P Headrick
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University Gold Coast, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Eugene F du Toit
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University Gold Coast, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia.
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Aissa AF, Amaral CLD, Venancio VP, Machado CDS, Hernandes LC, Santos PWDS, Curi R, Bianchi MDLP, Antunes LMG. Methionine-supplemented diet affects the expression of cardiovascular disease-related genes and increases inflammatory cytokines in mice heart and liver. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2017; 80:1116-1128. [PMID: 28880739 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2017.1357366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Some important environmental factors that influence the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) include tobacco, excess alcohol, and unhealthy diet. Methionine obtained from the diet participates in the synthesis of DNA, proteins, lipids and affects homocysteine levels, which is associated with the elevated risk for CVD development. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the manner in which dietary methionine might affect cellular mechanisms underlying CVD occurrence. Swiss albino mice were fed either control (0.3% DL-methionine), methionine-supplemented (2% DL-methionine), or a methionine-deprived diet (0% DL-methionine) over a 10-week period. The parameters measured included plasma homocysteine concentrations, oxidative stress by reduced glutathione (GSH)/oxidized glutathione (GSSG) ratio, levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-1ß, TNF-α, and IL-6, as well as expression of genes associated with CVD. The levels of apolipoprotein A5 (APOA5), a regulator of plasma triglycerides, were measured. The methionine-supplemented diet increased oxidative stress by lowering the GSH/GSSG ratio in heart tissues and decreased expression of the genes Apob, Ctgf, Serpinb2, Spp1, Il1b, and Sell, but elevated expression of Thbs4, Tgfb2, Ccr1, and Vegfa. Methionine-deprived diet reduced expression of Col3a1, Cdh5, Fabp3, Bax, and Hbegf and increased expression of Sell, Ccl5, Itga2, Birc3, Msr1, Bcl2a1a, Il1r2, and Selp. Methionine-deprived diet exerted pro-inflammatory consequences as evidenced by elevated levels of cytokines IL-1ß, TNF-α, and IL-6 noted in liver. Methionine-supplemented diet increased hepatic IL-6 and cardiac TNF-α. Both methionine supplementation and deprivation lowered hepatic levels of APOA5. In conclusion, data demonstrated that a methionine-supplemented diet modulated important biological processes associated with high risk of CVD development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Ferro Aissa
- a Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School , University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , SP , Brazil
| | - Catia Lira do Amaral
- b Campus Henrique Santillo , Universidade Estadual de Goiás , Anápolis , GO , Brazil
| | - Vinicius Paula Venancio
- c Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Science, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto , University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , SP , Brazil
| | - Carla da Silva Machado
- a Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School , University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , SP , Brazil
| | - Lívia Cristina Hernandes
- c Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Science, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto , University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , SP , Brazil
| | - Patrick Wellington da Silva Santos
- c Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Science, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto , University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , SP , Brazil
| | - Rui Curi
- d Department of Physiology and Biophysics , Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo , São Paulo , SP , Brazil
| | - Maria de Lourdes Pires Bianchi
- c Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Science, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto , University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , SP , Brazil
| | - Lusânia Maria Greggi Antunes
- c Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Science, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto , University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , SP , Brazil
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Liu Y, Song D, Xu B, Li H, Dai X, Chen B. Development of a matrix-based candidate reference material of total homocysteine in human serum. Anal Bioanal Chem 2017; 409:3329-3335. [PMID: 28271225 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-017-0272-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
We developed and evaluated a candidate serum reference material to help improve clinical routine measurement, and to provide traceability of the measurement results. D8-Homocystine, dithiothreitol, and acetonitrile were used as an internal standard, the reducing agent, and the protein precipitating agent, respectively. A triple quadrupole mass spectrometer with an electrospray ionization source was used for monitoring the transitions (m/z 140.0 → 94.0, 136.0 → 90.0) in multiple-reaction-monitoring mode. We used a calibration model relying on bracketing and gravimetric measurements to give SI-traceability and higher accuracy to serum value assignments. The method was evaluated for accuracy using NIST Standard Reference Material SRM1955. The results of the three concentrations (1, 2, and 3) of total homocysteine in human serum samples were determined by an isotope-dilution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method; tHcy 1 is 28.8 ± 1.1 μmol/L, tHcy 2 is 17.93 ± 0.57 μmol/L, and tHcy 3 is 14.38 ± 0.46 μmol/L. Graphical abstract The workflow diagram.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Division of Chemical Metrology and Analytical Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Dewei Song
- Division of Chemical Metrology and Analytical Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Bei Xu
- Division of Chemical Metrology and Analytical Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Hongmei Li
- Division of Chemical Metrology and Analytical Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xinhua Dai
- Division of Chemical Metrology and Analytical Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Baorong Chen
- Beijing Aerospace General Hospital, Beijing, 100076, China
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Oxidative stress is associated with not only coronary artery disease on statin therapy but also diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Indian Heart J 2016; 68:194-5. [PMID: 27133335 DOI: 10.1016/j.ihj.2015.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
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