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Tedeschi A, Palazzini M, Trimarchi G, Conti N, Di Spigno F, Gentile P, D’Angelo L, Garascia A, Ammirati E, Morici N, Aschieri D. Heart Failure Management through Telehealth: Expanding Care and Connecting Hearts. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2592. [PMID: 38731120 PMCID: PMC11084728 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13092592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a leading cause of morbidity worldwide, imposing a significant burden on deaths, hospitalizations, and health costs. Anticipating patients' deterioration is a cornerstone of HF treatment: preventing congestion and end organ damage while titrating HF therapies is the aim of the majority of clinical trials. Anyway, real-life medicine struggles with resource optimization, often reducing the chances of providing a patient-tailored follow-up. Telehealth holds the potential to drive substantial qualitative improvement in clinical practice through the development of patient-centered care, facilitating resource optimization, leading to decreased outpatient visits, hospitalizations, and lengths of hospital stays. Different technologies are rising to offer the best possible care to many subsets of patients, facing any stage of HF, and challenging extreme scenarios such as heart transplantation and ventricular assist devices. This article aims to thoroughly examine the potential advantages and obstacles presented by both existing and emerging telehealth technologies, including artificial intelligence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Tedeschi
- Cardiology Unit of Emergency Department, Guglielmo da Saliceto Hospital, 29121 Piacenza, Italy; (F.D.S.); (D.A.)
| | - Matteo Palazzini
- “De Gasperis” Cardio Center, Niguarda Hospital, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, 20162 Milan, Italy; (M.P.); (N.C.); (P.G.); (L.D.); (A.G.); (E.A.)
| | - Giancarlo Trimarchi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy;
| | - Nicolina Conti
- “De Gasperis” Cardio Center, Niguarda Hospital, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, 20162 Milan, Italy; (M.P.); (N.C.); (P.G.); (L.D.); (A.G.); (E.A.)
| | - Francesco Di Spigno
- Cardiology Unit of Emergency Department, Guglielmo da Saliceto Hospital, 29121 Piacenza, Italy; (F.D.S.); (D.A.)
| | - Piero Gentile
- “De Gasperis” Cardio Center, Niguarda Hospital, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, 20162 Milan, Italy; (M.P.); (N.C.); (P.G.); (L.D.); (A.G.); (E.A.)
| | - Luciana D’Angelo
- “De Gasperis” Cardio Center, Niguarda Hospital, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, 20162 Milan, Italy; (M.P.); (N.C.); (P.G.); (L.D.); (A.G.); (E.A.)
| | - Andrea Garascia
- “De Gasperis” Cardio Center, Niguarda Hospital, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, 20162 Milan, Italy; (M.P.); (N.C.); (P.G.); (L.D.); (A.G.); (E.A.)
| | - Enrico Ammirati
- “De Gasperis” Cardio Center, Niguarda Hospital, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, 20162 Milan, Italy; (M.P.); (N.C.); (P.G.); (L.D.); (A.G.); (E.A.)
| | - Nuccia Morici
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, 20148 Milan, Italy;
| | - Daniela Aschieri
- Cardiology Unit of Emergency Department, Guglielmo da Saliceto Hospital, 29121 Piacenza, Italy; (F.D.S.); (D.A.)
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Sen S, Ramakrishnan S. Artificial intelligence in pediatric cardiology: Where do we stand in 2024? Ann Pediatr Cardiol 2024; 17:93-96. [PMID: 39184112 PMCID: PMC11343386 DOI: 10.4103/apc.apc_72_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Supratim Sen
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, SRCC Children’s Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Almansouri NE, Awe M, Rajavelu S, Jahnavi K, Shastry R, Hasan A, Hasan H, Lakkimsetti M, AlAbbasi RK, Gutiérrez BC, Haider A. Early Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Diseases in the Era of Artificial Intelligence: An In-Depth Review. Cureus 2024; 16:e55869. [PMID: 38595869 PMCID: PMC11002715 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.55869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are significant health issues that result in high death rates globally. Early detection of cardiovascular events may lower the occurrence of acute myocardial infarction and reduce death rates in people with CVDs. Traditional data analysis is inadequate for managing multidimensional data related to the risk prediction of CVDs, heart attacks, medical image interpretations, therapeutic decision-making, and disease prognosis due to the complex pathological mechanisms and multiple factors involved. Artificial intelligence (AI) is a technology that utilizes advanced computer algorithms to extract information from large databases, and it has been integrated into the medical industry. AI methods have shown the ability to speed up the advancement of diagnosing and treating CVDs such as heart failure, atrial fibrillation, valvular heart disease, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, congenital heart disease, and more. In clinical settings, AI has shown usefulness in diagnosing cardiovascular illness, improving the efficiency of supporting tools, stratifying and categorizing diseases, and predicting outcomes. Advanced AI algorithms have been intricately designed to analyze intricate relationships within extensive healthcare data, enabling them to tackle more intricate jobs compared to conventional approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mishael Awe
- Internal Medicine, Crimea State Medical University named after S.I Georgievsky, Simferopol, UKR
| | - Selvambigay Rajavelu
- Internal Medicine, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, IND
| | - Kudapa Jahnavi
- Internal Medicine, Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences, Puducherry, IND
| | - Rohan Shastry
- Internal Medicine, Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Bengaluru, IND
| | - Ali Hasan
- Internal Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Hadi Hasan
- Internal Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, USA
| | | | | | - Brian Criollo Gutiérrez
- Health Sciences, Instituto Colombiano de Estudios Superiores de Incolda (ICESI) University, Cali, COL
| | - Ali Haider
- Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Gujrat, PAK
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Sandeep B, Liu X, Huang X, Wang X, Mao L, Xiao Z. Feasibility of artificial intelligence its current status, clinical applications, and future direction in cardiovascular disease. Curr Probl Cardiol 2024; 49:102349. [PMID: 38103818 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.102349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
In routine clinical practice, the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD) rely on data in a variety of formats. These formats comprise invasive angiography, laboratory data, non-invasive imaging diagnostics, and patient history. Artificial intelligence (AI) is a field of computer science that aims to mimic human thought processes, learning capacity, and knowledge storage. In cardiovascular medicine, artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms have been used to discover novel genotypes and phenotypes in established diseases enhance patient care, enable cost effectiveness, and lower readmission and mortality rates. AI will lead to a paradigm change toward precision cardiovascular medicine in the near future. The promise application of AI in cardiovascular medicine is immense; however, failure to recognize and ignorance of the challenges may overshadow its potential clinical impact. AI can facilitate every stage in cardiology in the imaging process, from acquisition and reconstruction, to segmentation, measurement, interpretation, and subsequent clinical pathways. Along with new possibilities, new threats arise, acknowledging and understanding them is as important as understanding the machine learning (ML) methodology itself. Therefore, attention is also paid to the current opinions and guidelines regarding the validation and safety of AI. This paper provides a outline for clinicians on relevant aspects of AI and machine learning, selection of applications and methods in cardiology to date, and identifies how cardiovascular medicine could incorporate AI in the future. With progress continuing in this emerging technology, the impact for cardiovascular medicine is highlighted to provide insight for the practicing clinician and to identify potential patient benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhushan Sandeep
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610017, China.
| | - Xian Liu
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610017, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610017, China
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610017, China
| | - Long Mao
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610017, China
| | - Zongwei Xiao
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610017, China
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Mohsin SN, Gapizov A, Ekhator C, Ain NU, Ahmad S, Khan M, Barker C, Hussain M, Malineni J, Ramadhan A, Halappa Nagaraj R. The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Prediction, Risk Stratification, and Personalized Treatment Planning for Congenital Heart Diseases. Cureus 2023; 15:e44374. [PMID: 37664359 PMCID: PMC10469091 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.44374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This narrative review delves into the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in predicting, stratifying risk, and personalizing treatment planning for congenital heart disease (CHD). CHD is a complex condition that affects individuals across various age groups. The review highlights the challenges in predicting risks, planning treatments, and prognosticating long-term outcomes due to CHD's multifaceted nature, limited data, ethical concerns, and individual variabilities. AI, with its ability to analyze extensive data sets, presents a promising solution. The review emphasizes the need for larger, diverse datasets, the integration of various data sources, and the analysis of longitudinal data. Prospective validation in real-world clinical settings, interpretability, and the importance of human clinical expertise are also underscored. The ethical considerations surrounding privacy, consent, bias, monitoring, and human oversight are examined. AI's implications include improved patient outcomes, cost-effectiveness, and real-time decision support. The review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of AI's potential for revolutionizing CHD management and highlights the significance of collaboration and transparency to address challenges and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chukwuyem Ekhator
- Neuro-Oncology, New York Institute of Technology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, USA
| | - Noor U Ain
- Medicine, Mayo Hospital, Lahore, PAK
- Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, PAK
| | | | - Mavra Khan
- Medicine and Surgery, Mayo Hospital, Lahore , PAK
| | - Chad Barker
- Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, USA
| | | | - Jahnavi Malineni
- Medicine and Surgery, Maharajah's Institute of Medical Sciences, Vizianagaram, IND
| | - Afif Ramadhan
- Medicine, Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Yogyakarta, IDN
- Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, IDN
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Gala D, Makaryus AN. The Utility of Language Models in Cardiology: A Narrative Review of the Benefits and Concerns of ChatGPT-4. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6438. [PMID: 37568980 PMCID: PMC10419098 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20156438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) and language models such as ChatGPT-4 (Generative Pretrained Transformer) have made tremendous advances recently and are rapidly transforming the landscape of medicine. Cardiology is among many of the specialties that utilize AI with the intention of improving patient care. Generative AI, with the use of its advanced machine learning algorithms, has the potential to diagnose heart disease and recommend management options suitable for the patient. This may lead to improved patient outcomes not only by recommending the best treatment plan but also by increasing physician efficiency. Language models could assist physicians with administrative tasks, allowing them to spend more time on patient care. However, there are several concerns with the use of AI and language models in the field of medicine. These technologies may not be the most up-to-date with the latest research and could provide outdated information, which may lead to an adverse event. Secondly, AI tools can be expensive, leading to increased healthcare costs and reduced accessibility to the general population. There is also concern about the loss of the human touch and empathy as AI becomes more mainstream. Healthcare professionals would need to be adequately trained to utilize these tools. While AI and language models have many beneficial traits, all healthcare providers need to be involved and aware of generative AI so as to assure its optimal use and mitigate any potential risks and challenges associated with its implementation. In this review, we discuss the various uses of language models in the field of cardiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhir Gala
- Department of Clinical Science, American University of the Caribbean School of Medicine, Cupecoy, Sint Maarten, The Netherlands;
| | - Amgad N. Makaryus
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hofstra University, 500 Hofstra Blvd., Hempstead, NY 11549, USA
- Department of Cardiology, Nassau University Medical Center, Hempstead, NY 11554, USA
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Ciccarelli M, Giallauria F, Carrizzo A, Visco V, Silverio A, Cesaro A, Calabrò P, De Luca N, Mancusi C, Masarone D, Pacileo G, Tourkmani N, Vigorito C, Vecchione C. Artificial intelligence in cardiovascular prevention: new ways will open new doors. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2023; 24:e106-e115. [PMID: 37186561 DOI: 10.2459/jcm.0000000000001431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Prevention and effective treatment of cardiovascular disease are progressive issues that grow in tandem with the average age of the world population. Over recent decades, the potential role of artificial intelligence in cardiovascular medicine has been increasingly recognized because of the incredible amount of real-world data (RWD) regarding patient health status and healthcare delivery that can be collated from a variety of sources wherein patient information is routinely collected, including patient registries, clinical case reports, reimbursement claims and billing reports, medical devices, and electronic health records. Like any other (health) data, RWD can be analysed in accordance with high-quality research methods, and its analysis can deliver valuable patient-centric insights complementing the information obtained from conventional clinical trials. Artificial intelligence application on RWD has the potential to detect a patient's health trajectory leading to personalized medicine and tailored treatment. This article reviews the benefits of artificial intelligence in cardiovascular prevention and management, focusing on diagnostic and therapeutic improvements without neglecting the limitations of this new scientific approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Ciccarelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy
| | - Francesco Giallauria
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Albino Carrizzo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy
- Vascular Physiopathology Unit, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli
| | - Valeria Visco
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy
| | - Angelo Silverio
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy
| | - Arturo Cesaro
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Calabrò
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy
| | - Nicola De Luca
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Costantino Mancusi
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Daniele Masarone
- Heart Failure Unit, Department of Cardiology, AORN dei Colli-Monaldi Hospital Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pacileo
- Heart Failure Unit, Department of Cardiology, AORN dei Colli-Monaldi Hospital Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Nidal Tourkmani
- Cardiology and Cardiac Rehabilitation Unit, 'Mons. Giosuè Calaciura Clinic', Catania, Italy
- ABL, Guangzhou, China
| | - Carlo Vigorito
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Carmine Vecchione
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy
- Vascular Physiopathology Unit, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli
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