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Structural basis for carbapenem-hydrolyzing mechanisms of carbapenemases conferring antibiotic resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:9654-92. [PMID: 25938965 PMCID: PMC4463611 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16059654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Revised: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbapenems (imipenem, meropenem, biapenem, ertapenem, and doripenem) are β-lactam antimicrobial agents. Because carbapenems have the broadest spectra among all β-lactams and are primarily used to treat infections by multi-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, the emergence and spread of carbapenemases became a major public health concern. Carbapenemases are the most versatile family of β-lactamases that are able to hydrolyze carbapenems and many other β-lactams. According to the dependency of divalent cations for enzyme activation, carbapenemases can be divided into metallo-carbapenemases (zinc-dependent class B) and non-metallo-carbapenemases (zinc-independent classes A, C, and D). Many studies have provided various carbapenemase structures. Here we present a comprehensive and systematic review of three-dimensional structures of carbapenemase-carbapenem complexes as well as those of carbapenemases. We update recent studies in understanding the enzymatic mechanism of each class of carbapenemase, and summarize structural insights about regions and residues that are important in acquiring the carbapenemase activity.
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Literak I, Manga I, Wojczulanis-Jakubas K, Chroma M, Jamborova I, Dobiasova H, Sedlakova MH, Cizek A. Enterobacter cloacae with a novel variant of ACT AmpC beta-lactamase originating from glaucous gull (Larus hyperboreus) in Svalbard. Vet Microbiol 2014; 171:432-5. [PMID: 24629772 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Revised: 01/11/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We aimed at Escherichia coli and Enterobacter cloacae isolates resistant to cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones and Salmonella isolates in wild birds in Arctic Svalbard, Norway. Cloacal swabs of little auks (Alle alle, n=215) and samples of faeces of glaucous gulls (Larus hyperboreus, n=15) were examined. Inducible production of AmpC enzyme was detected in E. cloacae KW218 isolate. Sequence analysis of the 1146 bp PCR product of the ampC gene from this isolate revealed 99% sequence homology with the blaACT-14 and blaACT-5 AmpC beta-lactamase genes. Four, respectively six of the identified single nucleotide polymorphisms generated amino acid substitutions in the amino acid chain. As the ampC sequence polymorphism in the investigated E. cloacae strain was identified as unique, we revealed a novel variant of the ampC beta-lactamase gene blaACT-23.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Literak
- Department of Biology and Wildlife Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic; CEITEC VFU, Veterinary and Pharmaceutical University Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Ivan Manga
- CEITEC VFU, Veterinary and Pharmaceutical University Brno, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Magdalena Chroma
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Jamborova
- Department of Biology and Wildlife Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Dobiasova
- Department of Biology and Wildlife Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic; CEITEC VFU, Veterinary and Pharmaceutical University Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslava Htoutou Sedlakova
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Alois Cizek
- CEITEC VFU, Veterinary and Pharmaceutical University Brno, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
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Zhu YL, Zhang XN, Gao F, Cheng J, Hu LF, Ma T, Yin J, Ye Y, Li JB. ACT-6, a novel plasmid-encoded class C β-lactamase in a Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate from China. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2011; 64:317-20. [PMID: 21304534 DOI: 10.1038/ja.2011.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the phenotypic and molecular characterization of a novel plasmid-mediated AmpC-type β-lactamase in Klebsiella pneumoniae E701 isolated from Anhui province in China. In comparison with the ACT-1, sequence analysis revealed that there were 43 point mutations in the coding gene, and 10 of which led to amino-acid substitution. Resistance could be transferred by conjugation or transformation with plasmid DNA into E. coli JM109, which was due to the production of a β-lactamase with an isoelectric point of 8.4 named ACT-6. Cloning, expression, purification and kinetics were carried out to study the characterization of the novel AmpC-type β-lactamase. The results of MIC determinations and substrate profiles showed there was no significant difference in the activities of the novel enzyme and ACT-1. Moreover, the class 1 integron and the whole open reading frame of the novel AmpC-type β-lactamase from K.pneumoniae E701 were detectable in the same size plasmid. This is the first report on the emergence of the novel ACT-6 type β-lactamases in K. pneumoniae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-lin Zhu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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