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Design, synthesis and antibacterial activity against pathogenic mycobacteria of conjugated hydroxamic acids, hydrazides and O-alkyl/O-acyl protected hydroxamic derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2022; 64:128692. [PMID: 35307568 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2022.128692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
With the aim to discover new antituberculous molecules, three novel series of 23 hydroxamic acids, 13 hydrazides, and 9O-alkyl/O-acyl protected hydroxamic acid derivatives have been synthesized, and fully characterized by spectral 1H NMR, 13C NMR, HRMS) analysis. These compounds were further biologically screened for their in vitro antibacterial activities against three pathogenic mycobacteria - M. abscessus S and R, M. marinum, and M. tuberculosis - as well as for their toxicity towards murine macrophages by the resazurin microtiter assay (REMA). Among the 45 derivatives, 17 compounds (3 hydroxamic acids, 9 hydrazides, and 5O-alkyl/O-acyl protected hydroxamic acids) were nontoxic against murine macrophages. When tested for their antibacterial activity, hydroxamic acid 9 h was found to be the most potent inhibitor against M. abscessus S and R only. Regarding hydrazide series, only 7h was active against M. abscessus R, M. marinum and M. tuberculosis; while the O-acyl protected hydroxamic acid derivatives 14d and 15d displayed promising antibacterial activity against both M. marinum and M. tuberculosis. Since such hydroxamic- and hydrazide-chelating groups have been reported to impair the activity of the peptide deformylase, in silico molecular docking studies in M. tuberculosis peptide deformylase enzyme active site were further performed with 7h in order to predict the possible interaction mode and binding energy of this molecule at the molecular level.
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Liu C, Hogan AM, Sturm H, Khan MW, Islam MM, Rahman ASMZ, Davis R, Cardona ST, Hu P. Deep learning-driven prediction of drug mechanism of action from large-scale chemical-genetic interaction profiles. J Cheminform 2022; 14:12. [PMID: 35279211 PMCID: PMC8917716 DOI: 10.1186/s13321-022-00596-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Motivation Chemical–genetic interaction profiling is a genetic approach that quantifies the susceptibility of a set of mutants depleted in specific gene product(s) to a set of chemical compounds. With the recent advances in artificial intelligence, chemical–genetic interaction profiles (CGIPs) can be leveraged to predict mechanism of action of compounds. This can be achieved by using machine learning, where the data from a CGIP is fed into the machine learning platform along with the chemical descriptors to develop a chemogenetically trained model. As small molecules can be considered non-structural data, graph convolutional neural networks, which can learn from the chemical structures directly, can be used to successfully predict molecular properties. Clustering analysis, on the other hand, is a critical approach to get insights into the underlying biological relationships between the gene products in the high-dimensional chemical-genetic data. Methods and results In this study, we proposed a comprehensive framework based on the large-scale chemical-genetics dataset built in Mycobacterium tuberculosis for predicting CGIPs using graph-based deep learning models. Our approach is structured into three parts. First, by matching M. tuberculosis genes with homologous genes in Escherichia coli (E. coli) according to their gene products, we grouped the genes into clusters with distinct biological functions. Second, we employed a directed message passing neural network to predict growth inhibition against M. tuberculosis gene clusters using a collection of 50,000 chemicals with the profile. We compared the performance of different baseline models and implemented multi-label tasks in binary classification frameworks. Lastly, we applied the trained model to an externally curated drug set that had experimental results against M. tuberculosis genes to examine the effectiveness of our method. Overall, we demonstrate that our approach effectively created M. tuberculosis gene clusters, and the trained classifier is able to predict activity against essential M. tuberculosis targets with high accuracy. Conclusion This work provides an analytical framework for modeling large-scale chemical-genetic datasets for predicting CGIPs and generating hypothesis about mechanism of action of novel drugs. In addition, this work highlights the importance of graph-based deep neural networks in drug discovery. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13321-022-00596-6.
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Sharma A, Gaur A, Kumar V, Sharma N, Patil SA, Verma RK, Singh AK. Antimicrobial activity of synthetic antimicrobial peptides loaded in poly-Ɛ-caprolactone nanoparticles against mycobacteria and their functional synergy with rifampicin. Int J Pharm 2021; 608:121097. [PMID: 34534632 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) treatment has become a challenge because of the natural presence of multilayered cell wall rich in lipids which restrict antibiotic permeability within the bacteria. The development of mutations conferring resistance has aggravated the situation. Consequently, maximum pharmaceutical efforts are required to improve the treatment, and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) with antimycobacterial activity can be exploited as a new treatment strategy against TB. The synergistic interaction between conventional antibiotics and AMPs has broadened its application landscape. To overcome peptide instability and bioavailability issues, encapsulation of these bioactive in biocompatible polymers was adopted. In this study, the effect of synthetic AMPs HHC-8 [KIWWWWRKR] and MM-10 [MLLKKLLKKM] encapsulated in poly (ε-caprolactone) nanoparticles (PCL-NPs) was evaluated against mycobacteria using REMA (Resazurin Microtiter Assay Plate) technique. PCL encapsulation allowed us to load the required amount of peptides, i.e. HHC-8 and MM-10, with an efficiency of ∼ 18.9 ± 5.24 and ∼ 21.1 ± 6.19 % respectively, and sphere size was around 376.5 ± 14.9 nm and 289.87 ± 17.98 nm for PCL-HHC-8-NPs and PCL-MM-10-NPs, respectively. Minimal degradation and sustained release of peptides from nanoparticles improved antimicrobial activity, decreasing the MIC50 from 75 µg/ml to 18.75 µg/ml against M. smegmatis and from 75 µg/ml to 9 µg/ml against M. tuberculosis, respectively. The combinatorial MIC assays of encapsulated AMP with rifampicin antibiotics against M. smegmatis showed synergism between AMP-PCL-NPs and antibiotics with fractional inhibitory concentrations (FICs) around ∼ 0.09. The combinations of AMP NPs also demonstrated synergy against the mycobacteria. Our findings suggest that enhanced efficacy is due to protection offered by AMPs encapsulation resulting in augmentation of membrane permeation by AMPs and enhanced accumulation of antibiotics within mycobacteria resulting in synergy. The study findings might assist in the preclinical development of AMP for the fight against TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankur Sharma
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Lab, Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Phase-10, Sector-64, Mohali, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Aparna Gaur
- Experimental Animal Facility, ICMR-National JALMA Institute for Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases, Tajganj, Agra 282004, India
| | - Vimal Kumar
- Experimental Animal Facility, ICMR-National JALMA Institute for Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases, Tajganj, Agra 282004, India
| | - Neelesh Sharma
- Division of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & A.H., Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Jammu, R.S. Pura, Jammu, J&K, India
| | - Shripad A Patil
- Experimental Animal Facility, ICMR-National JALMA Institute for Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases, Tajganj, Agra 282004, India
| | - Rahul Kumar Verma
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Lab, Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Phase-10, Sector-64, Mohali, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Amit Kumar Singh
- Experimental Animal Facility, ICMR-National JALMA Institute for Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases, Tajganj, Agra 282004, India.
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Parwani D, Bhattacharya S, Rathore A, Mallick C, Asati V, Agarwal S, Rajoriya V, Das R, Kashaw SK. Current Insights into the Chemistry and Antitubercular Potential of Benzimidazole and Imidazole Derivatives. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 21:643-657. [PMID: 33138762 DOI: 10.2174/1389557520666201102094401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis is a disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), affecting millions of people worldwide. The emergence of drug resistance is a major problem in the successful treatment of tuberculosis. Due to the commencement of MDR-TB (multi-drug resistance) and XDR-TB (extensively drug resistance), there is a crucial need for the development of novel anti-tubercular agents with improved characteristics such as low toxicity, enhanced inhibitory activity and short duration of treatment. In this direction, various heterocyclic compounds have been synthesized and screened against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Among them, benzimidazole and imidazole containing derivatives have been found to have potential anti-tubercular activity. The present review focuses on various imidazole and benzimidazole derivatives (from 2015-2019) with their structure-activity relationships in the treatment of tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepa Parwani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour University (A Central University), Sagar (MP), India
| | - Sushanta Bhattacharya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour University (A Central University), Sagar (MP), India
| | - Akash Rathore
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour University (A Central University), Sagar (MP), India
| | - Chaitali Mallick
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour University (A Central University), Sagar (MP), India
| | - Vivek Asati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour University (A Central University), Sagar (MP), India
| | - Shivangi Agarwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour University (A Central University), Sagar (MP), India
| | - Vaibhav Rajoriya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour University (A Central University), Sagar (MP), India
| | - Ratnesh Das
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. Harisingh Gour University (A Central University), Sagar (MP), India
| | - Sushil Kumar Kashaw
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour University (A Central University), Sagar (MP), India
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Joshi T, Joshi T, Sharma P, Chandra S, Pande V. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation approach to screen natural compounds for inhibition of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Oryzae by targeting peptide deformylase. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:823-840. [PMID: 31965918 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1719200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Oryzae (Xoo) causes bacterial leaf blight (BLB) of rice which results in a huge loss in production. Many chemicals are used to control BLB disease. However, these chemicals are toxic to the environments, animals and human beings. Thus, there is a demand to discover potential and safe natural pesticides to manage BLB disease successfully. Therefore, we screened a library of phytochemicals of different plants having antibacterial activity by targeting Peptide Deformylase (PDF) of Xoo using in silico techniques. A library of 318 phytochemicals was prepared and subjected to rigid and flexible molecular docking against PDF followed by molecular dynamics simulation and free energy analysis of protein-ligand complexes. The results of virtual screening showed that 14 compounds from different plants have good binding energy as compare to reference molecule (3 R)-2,3-dihydro[1,3] thiazolo [3,2 a]benzimidazol-3-ol) (-7.7 kcal mol-1). Out of 14 hit compounds, eight compounds that were selected based on binding energy were analyzed by Molecular dynamic (MD) simulation. Analysis of MD simulation revealed that eight compounds namely; Bisdemethoxycurcumin, Rosmarinic acid, Piperanine, Dihydropiperlonguminine, Piperdardine, Dihydrocurcumin and Lonhumosides B achieved good stability during the 80 ns MD simulation at 300 K in term of the RMSD. Further, we calculated RMSF, RG, SASA, and interaction energy after 40 ns due to showing the stability of complexes. From our results, we conclude that these natural compounds could inhibit Xoo by targeting PDF receptor and can be used as potential bactericidal candidates against BLB disease of rice against Xoo and other bacteria. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tushar Joshi
- Department of Biotechnology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal, Uttarakhand, India.,Department of Botany, Kumaun University, Almora, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Tanuja Joshi
- Department of Botany, Kumaun University, Almora, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Priyanka Sharma
- Department of Botany, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Subhash Chandra
- Department of Botany, Kumaun University, Almora, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Veena Pande
- Department of Biotechnology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal, Uttarakhand, India
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Mir SA, Sharma S. Adjunctive Immunotherapeutic Efficacy of N-Formylated Internal Peptide of Mycobacterial Glutamine Synthetase in Mouse Model of Tuberculosis. Protein Pept Lett 2019; 27:236-242. [PMID: 31746288 DOI: 10.2174/0929866526666191028151615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Host-directed therapies are a comparatively new and promising method for the treatment of tuberculosis. A variety of host pathways, vaccines and drugs have the potential to provide novel adjunctive therapies for the treatment of tuberculosis. In this connection, we have earlier reported the immunotherapeutic potential of N-formylated N-terminal peptide of glutamine synthetase of Mycobacterim tuberculosis H37Rv (Mir SA and Sharma S, 2014). Now in the present study, we investigated the immunotherapeutic effect of N-terminally formylated internal-peptide 'f- MLLLPD' of mycobacterial glutamine synthetase (Rv2220) in mouse model of tuberculosis. METHODS The N-terminally formylated peptide, f-MLLLPD was tested for its potential to generate Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in murine neutrophils. Further, its therapeutic effect alone or in combination with anti-tubercular drugs was evaluated in mouse model of tuberculosis. RESULTS The f-MLLLPD peptide treatment alone and in combination with ATDs reduced the bacterial load (indicated as colony forming units) in lungs of infected mice by 0.58 (p<0.01) and 2.92 (p<0.001) log10 units respectively and in their spleens by 0.46 (p<0.05) and 2.46 (p<0.001) log10 units respectively. In addition, the observed histopathological results correlated well with the CFU data. CONCLUSION The results of the current study show that f-MLLLPD peptide confers an additional therapeutic efficacy to the anti-tuberculosis drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabir Ahmad Mir
- Department of Biochemistry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh - 160012, India.,Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah-11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sadhna Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh - 160012, India
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Portell-Buj E, Vergara A, Alejo I, López-Gavín A, Monté MR, San Nicolás L, González-Martín J, Tudó G. In vitro activity of 12 antimicrobial peptides against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium clinical isolates. J Med Microbiol 2018; 68:211-215. [PMID: 30570475 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.000912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major threat to human health worldwide. The increasing incidence of non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections and particularly those produced by Mycobacterium avium has emphasized the need to develop new drugs. Additionally, high levels of natural drug resistance in non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) and the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB is of great concern. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are antibiotics with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. The objective was to assess the activity of AMPs against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and M. avium clinical isolates. MICs were determined using microtitre plates and the resazurin assay. Mastoparan and melittin showed the greatest activity against M. tuberculosis, while indolicidin had the lowest MIC against M. avium. In conclusion, AMPs could be alternatives for the treatment of mycobacterial infections. Further investigation of AMPs' activity in combination and associated with conventional antibiotics and their loading into drug-delivery systems could lead to their use in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Portell-Buj
- 1Departament de Fonaments Clínics, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Servei de Microbiologia-CDB, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona-ISGlobal, c/ Villarroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea Vergara
- 2Servei de Microbiologia-CDB, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona-ISGlobal, Departament de Fonaments Clínics, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat deBarcelona, c/ Villarroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Izaskun Alejo
- 2Servei de Microbiologia-CDB, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona-ISGlobal, Departament de Fonaments Clínics, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat deBarcelona, c/ Villarroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.,3Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario de Cruces, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Alexandre López-Gavín
- 2Servei de Microbiologia-CDB, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona-ISGlobal, Departament de Fonaments Clínics, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat deBarcelona, c/ Villarroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Rosa Monté
- 2Servei de Microbiologia-CDB, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona-ISGlobal, Departament de Fonaments Clínics, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat deBarcelona, c/ Villarroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lorena San Nicolás
- 2Servei de Microbiologia-CDB, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona-ISGlobal, Departament de Fonaments Clínics, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat deBarcelona, c/ Villarroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julian González-Martín
- 2Servei de Microbiologia-CDB, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona-ISGlobal, Departament de Fonaments Clínics, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat deBarcelona, c/ Villarroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Griselda Tudó
- 2Servei de Microbiologia-CDB, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona-ISGlobal, Departament de Fonaments Clínics, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat deBarcelona, c/ Villarroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
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Yang N, Sun C. The Inhibition and Resistance Mechanisms of Actinonin, Isolated from Marine Streptomyces sp. NHF165, against Vibrio anguillarum. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1467. [PMID: 27679625 PMCID: PMC5020083 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Vibrio sp. is the most serious pathogen in marine aquaculture, and the development of anti-Vibrio agents is urgently needed. However, it is extreme lack of high-throughput screening (HTS) model for searching anti-Vibrio compounds. Here, we established a protein-based HTS screening model to identify agents targeting peptide deformylase (PDF) of Vibrio anguillarum. To find potential anti-Vibrio compounds, crude extracts derived from marine actinomycetes were applied for screening with this model. Notably, crude extract of strain Streptomyces sp. NHF165 inhibited dramatically both on V. anguillarum PDF (VaPDF) activity and V. anguillarum cell growth. And actinonin was further identified as the functional component. Anti-VaPDF and anti-V. anguillarum activities of actinonin were dose-dependent, and the IC50 values were 6.94 and 2.85 μM, respectively. To understand the resistance of V. anguillarum against actinonin, spontaneous V. anguillarum mutants with resistance against actinonin were isolated. Surprisingly, for the resistant strains, the region between 774 and 852 base pairs was found to be absent in the gene folD which produces 10-formyl-tetrahydrofolate, a donor of N-formyl to Met-tRNAfmet. When compared to the wild type strain, ΔfolD mutant showed eight times of minimum inhibition concentration on actinonin, however, the folD complementary strain could not grow on the medium supplemented with actinonin, which suggested that folD gene mutation was mainly responsible for the actinonin resistance. To our knowledge, this is the first report showing that marine derived Streptomyces sp. could produce actinonin with anti-VaPDF activity and the resistance against actinonin by V. anguillarum is mediated by mutation in folD gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Yang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao, China
| | - Chaomin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao, China
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De Leon Rodriguez LM, Kaur H, Brimble MA. Synthesis and bioactivity of antitubercular peptides and peptidomimetics: an update. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:1177-87. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob02298c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This mini-review provides an update on the synthesis and bioactivity of peptides and peptidomimetics that exhibit very potent antitubercular activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Harveen Kaur
- School of Chemical Sciences
- The University of Auckland
- Auckland
- New Zealand
| | - Margaret A. Brimble
- School of Chemical Sciences
- The University of Auckland
- Auckland
- New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery
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Abedinzadeh M, Gaeini M, Sardari S. Natural antimicrobial peptides against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. J Antimicrob Chemother 2015; 70:1285-9. [PMID: 25681127 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dku570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
TB, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is one the leading infectious diseases worldwide. There is an urgent need to discover new drugs with unique structures and uncommon mechanisms of action to treat M. tuberculosis and combat antimycobacterial resistance. Naturally occurring compounds contain a wide diversity of chemical structures, displaying a wide range of in vitro potency towards M. tuberculosis. A number of recent studies have shown that natural antimycobacterial peptides can disrupt the function of the mycobacterial cell wall through different modes of action and thereafter interact with intracellular targets, including nucleic acids, enzymes and even organelles. More importantly, the probability of antimycobacterial resistance is low. This review presents several natural antimicrobial peptides isolated from different organism sources, including bacteria, fungi, plants and animals. In addition, the molecular features of these molecules are the subject of much attention. Such peptides have common traits among their chemical features, which may be correlated with their biological activities; hence, different parts of the molecular structures can be modified in order to increase penetration into the target cells. This review also summarizes the available information on the properties of antimycobacterial peptides associated with their biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Abedinzadeh
- Drug Design and Bioinformatics Unit, Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Centre, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Gaeini
- Drug Design and Bioinformatics Unit, Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Centre, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soroush Sardari
- Drug Design and Bioinformatics Unit, Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Centre, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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Mir SA, Sharma S. Immunotherapeutic potential of N-formylated peptides of ESAT-6 and glutamine synthetase in experimental tuberculosis. Int Immunopharmacol 2014; 18:298-303. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2013.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Revised: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Mir SA, Sharma S. Role of MHC class Ib molecule, H2-M3 in host immunity against tuberculosis. Vaccine 2013; 31:3818-25. [PMID: 23628242 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2012] [Revised: 03/22/2013] [Accepted: 04/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The MHC class I family comprises both classical (class Ia) and non-classical (class Ib) members. While the prime function of classical MHC class I molecules (MHC class Ia) is to present peptide antigens to pathogen-specific cytotoxic T cells, non-classical MHC-I (MHC class Ib) antigens perform diverse array of functions in both innate and adaptive immunity. Vaccines against intracellular pathogens such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis need to induce strong cellular immune responses. Recent studies have shown that MHC class I molecules play an important role in the protective immune response to M. tuberculosis infection. Both MHC Ia-restricted and MHC class Ib-restricted M. tuberculosis -reactive CD8(+) T cells have been identified in humans and mice, but their relative contributions to immunity is still uncertain. Unlike MHC class Ia-restricted CD8(+) T cells, MHC class Ib-restricted CD8(+) T cells are constitutively activated in naive animals and respond rapidly to infection challenge, hence filling the temporal gap between innate and adaptive immunity. The present review article summarizes the general host immunity against M. tuberculosis infection highlighting the possible role of MHC class Ib molecule, H2-M3 and their ligands (N-formylated peptides) in protection against tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabir Ahmad Mir
- Department of Biochemistry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
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Patel JC, Dholariya HR, Patel KS, Patel KD. Spectral, thermal, biological and multi-heating rate kinetic properties of Cu(II) complexes containing N2O2donor ligands: 1,10-phenanthroline and acyl coumarins. Appl Organomet Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.2907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiten C. Patel
- Chemistry Department, VP and RPTP Science College; Sardar Patel University; Vallabh Vidhyanagar; 388 120; Gujarat; India
| | - Hitesh R. Dholariya
- Chemistry Department, VP and RPTP Science College; Sardar Patel University; Vallabh Vidhyanagar; 388 120; Gujarat; India
| | - Ketan S. Patel
- Chemistry Department, VP and RPTP Science College; Sardar Patel University; Vallabh Vidhyanagar; 388 120; Gujarat; India
| | - Kanuprasad D. Patel
- Chemistry Department, VP and RPTP Science College; Sardar Patel University; Vallabh Vidhyanagar; 388 120; Gujarat; India
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Sharma A, Khuller G, Kanwar A, Sharma S. Therapeutic potential of peptide deformylase inhibitors against experimental tuberculosis. J Infect 2010; 60:498-501. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2010.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2009] [Accepted: 03/18/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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