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Hooshiar MH, Sholeh M, Beig M, Azizian K, Kouhsari E. Global trends of antimicrobial resistance rates in Neisseria gonorrhoeae: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1284665. [PMID: 39035993 PMCID: PMC11258497 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1284665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) is a significant public health concern. Objective The objective of our study was to assess global AMR rates and test them both temporally and geographically. Methods We conducted a systematic search of relevant reports from international databases up to 2021. The R statistical package was used for all statistical analyses. Results A total of 225 articles were analyzed, and 432,880 NG isolates were examined. The weighted pooled resistance (WPR) rate of different antibiotics was as follows: ciprofloxacin, 51.6%; tetracycline, 45.4%; trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, 42.4%; chloramphenicol, 4.1%; kanamycin, 2.1%; gentamicin, 0.6%; and spectinomycin, 0.3%. The resistance to spectinomycin, gentamicin, and kanamycin decreased over time. Significant differences in antibiotic resistance rates were found between the countries. Conclusion Our findings reveal a continuous increase in resistance to some antibiotics (tetracycline and ciprofloxacin) historically used for gonorrhea, even after discontinuation. However, encouraging trends of decreasing resistance to spectinomycin, gentamicin, and kanamycin were observed. Continued global monitoring of AMR profiles in NG isolates is essential for informing appropriate treatment strategies and mitigating the threat of untreatable gonorrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Sholeh
- Department of Bacteriology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Beig
- Department of Bacteriology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khalil Azizian
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
- Zoonoses Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Kouhsari
- Laboratory Sciences Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
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2
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Zhong J, Le W, Li X, Su X. Evaluating the efficacy of different antibiotics against Neisseria gonorrhoeae: a pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic analysis using Monte Carlo simulation. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:104. [PMID: 38238655 PMCID: PMC10797866 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08938-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the widespread use of antibiotics, antimicrobial resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae is worsening. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy changes of seven antibiotics in the treatment of N. gonorrhoeae by using Monte Carlo simulation combined with pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics/ (PK/PD). METHODS The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of antibiotics against clinical isolates from 2013 to 2020 in Nanjing, China, was determined by agar dilution method. The probability of target attainment (PTA) was estimated at each MIC value and the cumulative fraction of response (CFR) was calculated to evaluate the efficacy of these regimens. RESULTS All dosage regimens of seven antibiotics achieved PTAs ≥ 90% for MIC ≤ 0.06 µg/ml. But when the MIC was increased to 1 µg/ml, PTAs at each MIC value exceeded 90% only for ceftriaxone 1,000 mg and 2,000 mg, zoliflodacin 2,000 mg and 3,000 mg. Among them, the CFR values of each dosing regimen against N. gonorrhoeae only for ceftriaxone, cefixime and zoliflodacin were ≥ 90% in Nanjing from 2013 to 2020. CONCLUSIONS Cephalosporins are still the first-line drugs in the treatment of gonorrhea. However, the elevated MIC values of cephalosporins can lead to decline in clinical efficacy of the conventional dose regimens, and increasing the dose of ceftriaxone to 1,000 mg-2,000 mg may improve the efficacy. In addition, zoliflodacin is possible to be a potential therapeutic agent in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Zhong
- Hospital for Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenjing Le
- Hospital for Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuechun Li
- Hospital for Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaohong Su
- Hospital for Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China.
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3
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Tu Q, Cao X, Ling C, Xiang L, Yang P, Huang S. Point-of-care detection of Neisseria gonorrhoeae based on RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a. AMB Express 2023; 13:50. [PMID: 37243708 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-023-01554-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Gonorrhea, caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae (N. gonorrhoeae), is a persistent global public health threat. The development of low-cost, point-of-care testing is crucial for gonorrhea control, especially in regions with limited medical facilities. In this study, we integrated CRISPR/Cas12a reaction with recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) to provide a simple and adaptable molecular detection method for N. gonorrhoeae. The RPA-Cas12a-based detection system developed in this study enables rapid detection of N. gonorrhoeae within 1 h without the use of specialized equipment. This method is highly specific for identifying N. gonorrhoeae without cross-reactivity with other prevalent pathogens. Furthermore, in the evaluation of 24 clinical samples, the detection system demonstrates a 100% concordance rate with traditional culture, which is being used clinically as a reference method. Overall, the RPA-Cas12a-based N. gonorrhoeae detection has the advantages of rapidity, portability, low-cost, no special equipment required, and strong operability, and has a high potential for application as a self-testing and point-of-care diagnosis, which is critical for the clinical management of gonorrhea in developing countries lacking medical equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianrong Tu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Friendship Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoying Cao
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Friendship Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Ling
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Friendship Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Xiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Shapingba District Chenjiaqiao Hospital, Chongqing, 401331, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Friendship Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shifeng Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Friendship Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China.
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4
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Deng Q, Wang Z, Wu P, Liang H, Wu H, Zhang L, Ying J. 16S rRNA gene sequencing reveals an altered composition of gut microbiota in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia treated with azithromycin. J GEN APPL MICROBIOL 2023; 68:253-261. [PMID: 35811116 DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2022.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Mycoplasma pneumoniae is one of the most important pathogens causing community acquired pneumonia in children, and the pathogenic mechanism of M. pneumoniae infection is complex. Azithromycin is an effective agent for treating the acquired lower respiratory tract infection and urogenital tract infection with slight adverse reactions. This study aimed to compare the intestinal microflora before (PP1) and after azithromycin intervention (PP2) in children with pneumonia caused by M. pneumoniae, combined with body fluid biochemical analysis to determine the intestinal flora affecting the progress of the disease. Fifteen children diagnosed with M. pneumoniae pneumonia were recruited. The fecal samples and clinical biochemical data were collected. 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and bioinformatics analysis were conducted by the Beijing Genomics Institute. The operational taxonomic unit abundance analysis showed significant differences between the two groups. The species richness analysis showed differences in class, family, genus, order, species, and phylum. The abundance of Haemophilus, Pasteurellales, and Pasteurellaceae was found to be significantly higher in the PP1 group. The Pearson correlation analysis showed that the microbes strongly correlated with the clinical features. 16S rRNA gene sequencing data revealed altered composition of gut microbiota in children with M. pneumoniae pneumonia treated with azithromycin. The altered expression of microbes correlated with clinical features, which might help diagnose and treat the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Deng
- Department of Urology, The People's Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, The affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University
| | - Zhu Wang
- Department of Urology, The People's Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, The affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University
| | - Pengmei Wu
- Department of Paediatrics, The People's Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, The affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University
| | - Hui Liang
- Department of Urology, The People's Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, The affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University
| | - Haixia Wu
- Department of Paediatrics, The People's Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, The affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University
| | - Lirong Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology, The People's Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, The affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University
| | - Jing Ying
- Department of Paediatrics, The People's Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, The affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University
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Lu Z, Tadi DA, Fu J, Azizian K, Kouhsari E. Global status of Azithromycin and Erythromycin Resistance Rates in Neisseria gonorrhoeae: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. THE YALE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2022; 95:465-478. [PMID: 36568835 PMCID: PMC9765340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Background: The widespread development of antibiotic resistance or decreased susceptibility in Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) infection is a global and significant human public health issue. Objectives: Therefore, this meta-analysis aimed to estimate worldwide resistance rates of NG to the azithromycin and erythromycin according to years, regions, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST). Methods: We systematically searched the published studies in PubMed, Scopus, and Embase from 1988 to 2021. All analyses were conducted using Stata software. Results: The 134 reports included in the meta-analysis were performed in 51 countries and examined 165,172 NG isolates. Most of the included studies were from Asia (50 studies) and Europe (46 studies). In the metadata, the global prevalence over the past 30 years were 6% for azithromycin and 48% for erythromycin. There was substantial change in the prevalence of macrolides NG resistance over time (P <0.01). In this metadata, among 58 countries reporting resistance data for azithromycin, 17 (29.3%) countries reported that >5% of specimens had azithromycin resistance. Conclusions: The implications of this study emphasize the rigorous or improved antimicrobial stewardship, early diagnosis, contact tracing, and enhanced intensive global surveillance system are crucial for control of further spreading of gonococcal emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Lu
- Graduate School, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University,
Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,Hangzhou Heyunjia Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang,
China
| | - Danyal Abbasi Tadi
- Department of Veterinary, Azad University of Shahr-e
Kord, Shahr-e Kord, Iran
| | - Jinchao Fu
- Department of General Practice, Shulan (Hangzhou)
Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical
College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,To whom all correspondence should be addressed:
Jinchao Fu, ; Ebrahim Kouhsari,
; ORCID:
https://www.orcid.org/0000-0001-5893-6483
| | - Khalil Azizian
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine,
Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Kouhsari
- Laboratory Sciences Research Center, Golestan
University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran,Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of
Paramedicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran,To whom all correspondence should be addressed:
Jinchao Fu, ; Ebrahim Kouhsari,
; ORCID:
https://www.orcid.org/0000-0001-5893-6483
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Zhao L, Liu A, Li R, Zhang Z, Jia Y, Zhao S. High prevalence of blaTEM-135 and genetic epidemiology of blaTEM-135-carrying Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates in Shandong, China, 2017-19. J Antimicrob Chemother 2022; 77:2406-2413. [PMID: 35706144 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkac192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Only one additional specific SNP in blaTEM-135 in penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae (PPNG) isolates is required for TEM-135 to evolve into an ESBL that is capable of degrading all extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESCs). METHODS Identification of the blaTEM-135 gene was achieved by performing a mismatch amplification mutation assay PCR. PPNG isolates were then genotyped using MLST and N. gonorrhoeae multiantigen sequence typing (NG-MAST) techniques. Finally, phylogenetic analyses based on MLST and NG-MAST were performed on all of the PPNG isolates, and genogroups were classified according to the phylogenetic relatedness on the basis of each MLST and NG-MAST gene typing and the blaTEM allele varieties. RESULTS Among the 197 PPNG isolates, one (0.5%) isolate possessed the blaTEM-220 allele, 90 (45.7%) possessed the blaTEM-135 allele, and 106 (53.8%) possessed the blaTEM-1 allele. Among the blaTEM-135-carrying PPNG isolates, MLST ST8109 (n = 30) and NG-MAST ST12199 (n = 5), ST12754 (n = 5) and ST15073 (n = 5) were the most prevalent in the Shandong province of China. The phylogenetic analyses revealed that MLST ST8109, ST8140 and ST14417, mainly carrying the blaTEM-135 allele, belonged to the same genogroup, G1, while NG-MAST ST12199 and ST15073, mainly carrying the blaTEM-135 allele, belonged to the same genogroup, Ga. CONCLUSIONS This study has shown that the molecular epidemiology of PPNG isolates carrying the blaTEM-135 allele in Shandong has a dynamically changing status. Therefore, it is very pressing to continuously monitor the prevalence and mutation of the blaTEM-135 allele and the genetic epidemiology of PPNG isolates carrying the blaTEM-135 allele in this district.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tai'an City Central Hospital, Tai'an 271000, China
| | - Aihua Liu
- Central Laboratory, Tai'an City Central Hospital, Tai'an 271000, China
| | - Ruiying Li
- Department of Gynaecology, Tai'an City Central Hospital, Tai'an 271000, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tai'an City Central Hospital, Tai'an 271000, China
| | - Ying Jia
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tai'an City Central Hospital, Tai'an 271000, China
| | - Shuping Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tai'an City Central Hospital, Tai'an 271000, China
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In Vitro Activity of Ertapenem against Neisseria gonorrhoeae Clinical Isolates with Decreased Susceptibility or Resistance to Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporins in Nanjing, China (2013 to 2019). Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2022; 66:e0010922. [PMID: 35491832 PMCID: PMC9112910 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00109-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates collected in Nanjing, China, that possessed decreased susceptibility (or resistance) to extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESCs) were examined for susceptibility to ertapenem, and their sequence types were determined. Ceftriaxone and cefixime MICs of ≥0.125 mg/L and ≥0.25 mg/L, respectively, were first determined in 259 strains isolated between 2013 and 2019, and then MICs of ertapenem were measured using the antimicrobial gradient Epsilometer test (Etest). Also, genetic determinants of ESC resistance were identified and N. gonorrhoeae multiantigen sequence typing (NG-MAST) was performed to analyze associations with ertapenem susceptibility. All isolates displayed ertapenem MICs between 0.006 mg/L and 0.38 mg/L; the overall MIC50 and MIC90 were 0.032 mg/L and 0.125 mg/L, respectively. Forty-four (17.0%) isolates displayed ertapenem MICs of ≥0.125 mg/L; 10 (3.9%) had MICs of ≥0.25 mg/L. The proportion of isolates with ertapenem MICs of ≥0.125 mg/L increased from 4.0% in 2013 to 20.0% in 2019 (χ2 = 24.144, P < 0.001; chi-square test for linear trend). The penA mosaic allele was present in a significantly higher proportion of isolates with ertapenem MICs of ≥0.125 mg/L than of isolates with MICs of ≤0.094 mg/L) (97.7% versus 34.9%, respectively; χ2 = 58.158, P < 0.001). ST5308 was the most prevalent NG-MAST type (8.5%); ST5308 was also significantly more common among isolates with ertapenem MICs of ≥0.125 mg/L than isolates with MICs of ≤0.094 mg/L (22.7% and 5.6%, respectively; χ2 = 13.815, P = 0.001). Ertapenem may be effective therapy for gonococcal isolates with decreased susceptibility or resistance to ESCs and isolates with identifiable genetic resistance determinants.
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Zhao P, Nie J, Cheng H, Tang W, Zheng H, Yang B, Wang C. Correlates of time to clinical presentation for symptomatic individuals with gonorrhoea in South China: results from a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e052586. [PMID: 35246417 PMCID: PMC8900027 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-052586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to determine the variation in the interval between the onset of symptoms and clinical presentation, and its associated factors among symptomatic individuals with gonorrhoea. DESIGN A cross-sectional study was conducted between 1 June and 30 July 2017. SETTING 129 sexually transmitted disease clinics from 21 cities of Guangdong, China. PARTICIPANTS Using convenience sampling method to recruit symptomatic individuals with gonorrhoea over 18 years old. OUTCOME MEASURE Time to clinical presentation. RESULTS Among 1664 participants, the median age was 29 (24-36) years old, and the majority were male (92.5%) and married (52.9%). The median time to clinical presentation was 3 (2-6) days. About 471 (28.3%) patients had sexual contact while symptomatic. After adjusting for covariates, participants who were female (aβ=0.44, 95% CI: 0.22 to 0.80), from east Guangdong region (aβ=0.44, 95% CI: 0.22 to 0.80) and had the absence of dysuria (aβ=0.26, 95% CI: 0.06 to 0.46) had increased time to clinical presentation. Participants who had commercial sex in the past 6 months (aβ=-0.11, 95% CI: -0.21 to -0.01) had decreased time to clinical presentation. Participants who were female (adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=1.66, 95% CI: 1.08 to 2.50) and delayed in seeking healthcare more than 7 days (aOR=46.71, 95% CI: 24.27 to 89.93) were more likely to have sexual contact while symptomatic. CONCLUSION The time to clinical presentation for individuals with symptomatic gonorrhoea is variable and a high proportion of participants continued to have sexual behaviour while symptomatic. Strategies to increase health literacy may help to minimise the sequelae of gonorrhoea and reduce onward transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peizhen Zhao
- STD Control Department, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- STD Control Department, Southern Medical University Institute for Global Health and Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juan Nie
- STD Control Department, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- STD Control Department, Southern Medical University Institute for Global Health and Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huanhuan Cheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Weiming Tang
- STD Control Department, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- STD Control Department, Southern Medical University Institute for Global Health and Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Guangzhou, China
- Project-China, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Guangzhou, China
| | - Heping Zheng
- STD Control Department, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- STD Control Department, Southern Medical University Institute for Global Health and Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Yang
- STD Control Department, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- STD Control Department, Southern Medical University Institute for Global Health and Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- STD Control Department, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- STD Control Department, Southern Medical University Institute for Global Health and Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Guangzhou, China
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Lin X, Chen W, Xie Q, Yu Y, Liao Y, Feng Z, Qin X, Wu X, Tang S, Zheng H. Dissemination and genome analysis of high-level ceftriaxone-resistant penA 60.001 Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains from the Guangdong Gonococcal Antibiotics Susceptibility Programme (GD-GASP), 2016-2019. Emerg Microbes Infect 2022; 11:344-350. [PMID: 34994305 PMCID: PMC8794061 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2021.2011618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: After Neisseria gonorrhoeae FC428 was first found in Japan, ceftriaxone-resistant strains disseminated globally, and the gonococcal resistance rate increased remarkably. Epidemiological investigations are greatly significant for the analysis of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) trends, molecular features and evolution. Objectives: To clarify the AMR trend from 2016–2019 and reveal the molecular characteristics and evolution of ceftriaxone-resistant penA 60.001 isolates. Methods: The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of antibiotics against 4113 isolates were detected by the agar dilution method. N. gonorrhoeae multiantigen sequence typing (NG-MAST), multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and N.gonorrhoeae sequence typing for antimicrobial resistance (NG-STAR) were used to identify the sequence types. Genome analysis was conducted to analyze resistance genes, virulence factors, and evolutionary sources. Results: Isolates with decreased ceftriaxone susceptibility have increased from 2.05% (2016) to 16.18% (2019). Six ceftriaxone-resistant isolates possessing penA 60.001 appeared in Guangdong Province, and were resistant to ceftriaxone, penicillin, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin and cefixime, but susceptible to azithromycin and spectinomycin. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the porB gene were the major cause of different NG-MAST types. ST1903 was the main NG-STAR genotype and only strain-ZH545 was ST7365, with molecular features consistent with the MICs. Furthermore, different MLSTs suggested diverse evolutionary sources. Genome analysis revealed a set of virulence factors along with the resistance genes “penA” and “blaTEM-1B”. Half of penA 60.001 strains were fully mixed with global FC428-related strains. Conclusions: Global FC428-related clones have disseminated across Guangdong, possibly causing decreased ceftriaxone susceptibility. Enhanced gonococcal surveillance will help elucidate the trajectory of transmission and curb further dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomian Lin
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wentao Chen
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qinghui Xie
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuqi Yu
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yiwen Liao
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhanjin Feng
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaolin Qin
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xingzhong Wu
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Sanmei Tang
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Heping Zheng
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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10
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Zhao Y, Liao Y, Zhang N, Liu S, Zhang J, Hu X, Zhou D, Deng Q, Shi Y, Gu B, Hou T. Four Types of ST11 Novel Mutations From Increasing Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in Guangdong, 2016-2020. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:702941. [PMID: 34659140 PMCID: PMC8517524 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.702941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to explore changes in carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CR-KP) isolates collected in Guangdong over the period of 2016–2020. Methods: Antibacterial susceptibility was quantified through VITEK 2 compact and K-B method. Carbapenemase phenotypes and genotypes were characterized by modified carbapenem inactivation method (mCIM), EDTA-carbapenem inactivation method (eCIM), and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Molecular characteristics and evolutionary trends were analyzed by multilocus sequence typing and evolutionary tree. Results: Isolates (2,847) of K. pneumoniae were separated in 2016–2020, and the separate rate of CR-KP increased from 5.65 to 9.90% (p = 0.009). The top 3 wards were intensive care unit (ICU) (21.92%), neonatal wards (13.70%), and respiratory wards (12.33%). In 146 CR-KP strains, serine carbapenemase was the main phenotype, and KPC was the main genotype, and 57 contained two resistant genes, and 1 contained three resistant genes. Two polygenic strains were first found: IMP + GES and KPC + NDM + VIM, but all the phenotypes were metalloenzyme, which indicated that metalloenzyme was usually the first choice for CR-KP resistance. In addition, all the ST54 of metalloenzyme type contained IMP, and all the ST45, ST37, and ST76 contained OXA. ST11 was the most prevalent (42.47%); ST11 and its mutants proved the predominant sequence type making up 51.1% of the carbapenemase-producing isolates. A novel type of ST11 mutation, the rpoB was mutated from sequence 1 to sequence 146, was in an independent separate branch on the evolutionary tree and was resistant to all antibacterial agents. The other three mutants, rpoB 1–15, infB 3–148, and infB 3–80, are also resistant to all antibacteria. Of note, all the four mutants produced serine carbapenemase and contained KPC, and indicated that the prevalent strain in China, ST11, has serious consequences and potential outbreaks. Conclusion: The infection rate of CR-KP has increased, and ICU and neonatal wards have become the key infection areas. Producing serine enzyme, the KPC genotype, and ST11 are the predominant CR-KP. Polygenic strains and ST11 mutation made clinical treatment difficult and may become a potential threat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhu Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yalong Liao
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ni Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Suling Liu
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiao Zhang
- Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuejiao Hu
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dianrong Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianyun Deng
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanping Shi
- General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bing Gu
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tieying Hou
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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The Accuracy of Molecular Detection Targeting the Mutation C2611T for Detecting Moderate-Level Azithromycin Resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10091027. [PMID: 34572609 PMCID: PMC8471969 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10091027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neisseria gonorrhoeae (N. gonorrhoeae) is now recognized as a commonly reported sexually transmitted pathogen, and the increasing drug resistance of N. gonorrhoeae has become a serious public health problem. The accuracy of molecular detection for detecting moderate-level azithromycin resistance is not well-established. We summarized the data from studies of the N. gonorrhoeae 23S rRNA mutation at position 2611 with azithromycin resistance to determine the relationship between the mutation and resistance. METHODS AND FINDINGS In this systematic review and meta-analysis, two researchers independently searched six databases for studies with data for the azithromycin minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and the 23S rRNA mutation C2611T of each N. gonorrhoeae isolate. Since the breakpoint of moderate-level resistance to azithromycin (ML-AzmR) was not determined, we divided the moderate level into two groups according to the range of MICs (moderate resistance limited to 2-128 mg/L or 4-128 mg/L) for data extraction. A random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled sensitivity rate, the specificity rate, the pooled positive likelihood ratio (PLR), the negative likelihood ratio (NLR), and the diagnostic odds ratio (DOR). Meta-regression analyses by detection method, isolates sampling (a random sample or not), location, and sample size were performed to explore the possible causes of heterogeneity. The potential publication bias of the included studies was conducted by the Deeks' test. We included 20 studies in our study: 20 studies have data of N. gonorrhoeae with MICs between 2 and 128 mg/L with mutation or without mutation at position 2611(4759 samples), and 14 studies have data of N. gonorrhoeae with MICs between 4 and 128 mg/L (3367 samples). In the group with the moderate level of 2-128 mg/L, the pooled sensitivity rate of the molecular assays was determined to be 71.9% (95% CI, 67.6-74%), the pooled specificity rate was 98.7% (95% CI, 98.2-99.0%), and the DOR ranged from 55.0 to 351.3 (mean, 139.1). In the 4-128 mg/L group, the pooled sensitivity rate was 91.9% (95% CI, 88.9-94.2%), the pooled specificity rate was 95.9% (95% CI, 95.1-96.6%), and the DOR ranged from 41.9 to 364.1 (mean, 123.6). CONCLUSION Through this meta-analysis, we found that the C2611T mutation of 23S rRNA is valuable for the molecular diagnostic of moderate-level azithromycin resistance (ML-AzmR) in N. gonorrhoeae, especially when the moderate level is set at 4-128 mg/L. This rapid molecular detection method can be used for the rapid identification of ML-AzmR isolates in the clinic.
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