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El-Senousy WM, Abu Senna ASM, Mohsen NA, Hasan SF, Sidkey NM. Clinical and Environmental Surveillance of Rotavirus Common Genotypes Showed High Prevalence of Common P Genotypes in Egypt. FOOD AND ENVIRONMENTAL VIROLOGY 2020; 12:99-117. [PMID: 32279222 PMCID: PMC7224034 DOI: 10.1007/s12560-020-09426-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to compare the prevalence of human rotavirus group A common G and P genotypes in human Egyptian stool specimens and raw sewage samples to determine the most common genotypes for future vaccine development. From 1026 stool specimens of children with acute diarrhea and using nested RT-PCR, 250 samples (24.37%) were positive for human rotavirus group A. Using multiplex RT-PCR, rotavirus common P and G genotypes were detected as 89.20% and 46.40% of the positive clinical specimens respectively. This low percentage of common G genotypes frequency may affect the efficiency of the available live attenuated oral rotavirus vaccines [Rotarix® (human rotavirus G1P[8]) and RotaTeq® (reassortant bovine-human rotavirus G1-4P[5] and G6P[8])], however the percentage of clinical specimens which were negative for common G genotypes but positive for P[8] genotype was 12.00%. From 24 positive raw sewage samples for rotavirus group A VP6 collected from Zenin and El-Gabal El-Asfar wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), 21 samples (87.50%) were typeable for common P genotypes while 13 samples (54.17%) were typeable for common G genotypes. Phylogenetic analysis of a VP8 partial gene of 45 P-typeable clinical isolates and 20 P-typeable raw sewage samples showed high similarity to reference strains and the majority of mutations were silent and showed lower to non-significant similarity with the two vaccine strains. This finding is useful for determining the most common antigens required for future vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waled M El-Senousy
- Environmental Virology Lab., Water Pollution Research Department, Environmental Research Division and Food-Borne Viruses Group, Centre of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El-Buhouth st., Dokki, P.O. 12622, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Amel S M Abu Senna
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Yossuf Abbas st., Nasr city, P.O. 11754, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nabil A Mohsen
- Pediatrics Department, Kasr Al Ainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, Kasr Al Ainy st, P.O. 11562, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Seham F Hasan
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Yossuf Abbas st., Nasr city, P.O. 11754, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nagwa M Sidkey
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Yossuf Abbas st., Nasr city, P.O. 11754, Cairo, Egypt
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Shareef SNM, Chidambaram K, Pasha SKK. Structure, morphology and dielectric properties of hexagonal boron nitride nanoparticles reinforced biopolymer nanocomposites. POLYM-PLAST TECH MAT 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/03602559.2018.1542726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. N. M. Shareef
- Department of Physics, School of Advanced Sciences, VIT University, Vellore, TN, India
| | - K. Chidambaram
- Department of Physics, School of Advanced Sciences, VIT University, Vellore, TN, India
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Highly sensitive ELISA for the serological detection of murine rotavirus EDIM based on its major immunogen VP6. J Virol Methods 2018; 262:72-78. [PMID: 30144945 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2018.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Precise health monitoring of laboratory animals is a critical factor for surveillance and accuracy of animal experiments. Rotavirus epizootic diarrhea of infant mice (EDIM) leads to infections in mice that can influence animal studies, e.g., by altering the intestinal physiology. Thus, the aim of this study was establishing a highly sensitive and specific ELISA for the serological detection of EDIM infections in rodents. First, virus proteins were separated by SDS-PAGE and immunogenic proteins were visualized by immunoblotting and identified after in-gel digestion by tandem mass spectrometry. Subsequently, the major immunogen VP6 (virus protein 6) was expressed in Escherichia coli in high yields, purified by affinity chromatography, and used to establish an indirect ELISA. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were both above 99 % and the selectivity better than 98.7 % for animals infected by other pathogens listed by the Federation of Laboratory Animal Science Associations. Importantly, the Strep-rVP6-His-ELISA was more sensitive than a commercial virus-based ELISA and is a time- and cost-efficient complement to EDIM-specific immune-fluorescence assays. In conclusion, the assay can improve health monitoring by reducing the risk of missed EDIM infections in animal housing facilities, thereby improving animal welfare, reliability of animal studies, and protection of precious mice breeds.
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Saudy N, Elshabrawy WO, Megahed A, Foad MF, Mohamed AF. Genotyping and Clinicoepidemiological Characterization of Rotavirus Acute Gastroenteritis in Egyptian Children. Pol J Microbiol 2017; 65:433-442. [PMID: 28735327 DOI: 10.5604/17331331.1227669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Group A rotavirus (RVA) acute gastroenteritis (AGE) is a common cause of severe childhood diarrhea. The dominant circulating RVA genotypes in a given region may vary between and within the geographic regions and from year to year. Our cross-sectional study was designed to determine the burden of RVA genotypes among children with AGE admitted to referral Children Hospital at Egypt prior to implementation of the vaccine. Stool samples with clinico-epidemiological data were collected from 92 children ≤ 3 years-old with AGE. RVA G and P typing were performed with type-specific primers. RVA was detected in 48.9% of patients. Higher rates of RVA infections, 73.3% were detected in infants < 1 year-old. Breast-fed infants were significantly fewer in RVA positive group (P = 0.0006). Non-breastfeeding was a major risk factor for RVA AGE (OR 0.3, P = 0.02). RVA diarrhea occurred mostly in autumn and winter months (55.4% and 26.6%) with a significant difference in autumn (P = 0.0005) and was associated with vomiting and dehydration (OR; 1.66, P = 0.021 & 1.4, P = 0.03). RVA genotypes G1P[8] (26.7%), G9P[8] (20%) and G3P[8] (15.6%) were accounting for 62.3% of RVA AGE. G9 was significantly associated with mucus diarrhea, than G1 or G3 which were associated with watery diarrhea (P = 0.025). Also, G9 was significantly associated with loose stool for > 5 days (P = 0.006) and 54.4% of G9 patients had severe dehydration. The diversity of RVA strains detected in Nile Delta Egypt and emergence of G9 RVA highlight the need to apply vaccines against this genotype in Egypt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niveen Saudy
- Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | | | - Ahmed Megahed
- Associate Professor of Pediatrics, Consultant Ped Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Monsoura University Children's Hospital, Monsoura University
| | - Mona F Foad
- Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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El-Senousy WM, Ragab AMES, Handak EMAEH. Prevalence of Rotaviruses Groups A and C in Egyptian Children and Aquatic Environment. FOOD AND ENVIRONMENTAL VIROLOGY 2015; 7:132-141. [PMID: 25665825 DOI: 10.1007/s12560-015-9184-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to compare the prevalence of rotaviruses groups A and C in Egyptian children and aquatic environment. From 110 stool specimens of children with acute diarrhea and using RT-PCR, 35 samples (31.8 %) were positive for human rotavirus group A and 15 samples (13.6 %) were positive for human rotavirus group C. From 96 samples collected from Zenin wastewater treatment plant over a 2-year period (November 2009-October 2011) and using RT-PCR, rotavirus group A was detected in (4/24) 16.7 %, (5/24) 20.8 %, (4/24) 16.7 %, and (4/24) 16.7 %, while rotavirus group C was detected in (2/24) 8.3 %, (3/24) 12.5 %, (3/24) 12.5 %, and (0/24) 0 % in raw sewage, after primary sedimentation, after secondary sedimentation, and after final chlorination, respectively. Moreover, from 96 samples collected from El-Giza water treatment plant over a 2-year period (November 2009-October 2011), rotavirus group A was detected in (7/24) 29.2 %, (6/24) 25 %, (5/24) 20.8 %, and (3/24) 12.5 %, while rotavirus group C was detected in (3/24) 12.5 %, (1/24) 4.2 %, (1/24) 4.2 %, and (0/24) 0 % in raw Nile water, after sedimentation, after sand filtration, and after final chlorination, respectively. Using SYBR Green real-time RT-PCR, the number of human rotavirus group A genome or infectious units was higher than rotavirus group C. VP6 sequence analysis of the RT-PCR positive rotavirus group C samples revealed that four clinical specimens and three environmental samples showed similar sequences clustered with Moduganari/Human Nigerian strain AF 325806 with 98 % homology, and two clinical specimens and one environmental sample showed similar sequences clustered with Dhaka CB/Human Bangladesh strain AY 754826 with 97 % homology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waled Morsy El-Senousy
- Water Pollution Research Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 12622, El Bohouth st., Dokki, Giza, Egypt,
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Teng Y, Zhao B, Pan X, Wen Y, Chen Y. A new rotavirus VP6-based foreign epitope presenting vector and immunoreactivity of VP4 epitope chimeric proteins. Viral Immunol 2014; 27:96-104. [PMID: 24702286 PMCID: PMC3994975 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2013.0110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The VP6, the group antigenic rotavirus (RV), is highly conserved and the most abundant, constituting about 39% of the viral structure proteins by weight. The high degree of identity (>87%-99%) in the primary amino acid sequences suggests VP6-based vaccines could potentially provide heterotypic protection. Although some efforts have been made toward producing recombinant rotavirus VP6 vaccines, the native VP6 is still unsatisfactory as an optimal vaccine. The major neutralizing antigenic epitopes that exist on VP4 or VP7 are not on the native VP6, and as a vector the native VP6 lacks insertion sites that can be used for insertion of foreign epitopes. In this study, a new foreign epitope presenting system using VP6 as a vector (VP6F) was constructed on the outer surface of the vector six sites that could be used for insertion of the foreign epitopes created. Using this system, three VP6-based VP4 epitope chimeric proteins were constructed. Results showed that these chimeric proteins reacted with anti-VP6 and -VP4 antibodies, and elicited antibodies against VP6 and VP4 in guinea pigs. Antibodies against VP6F or antibodies against the chimeric proteins neutralized RV Wa and SA11 infection in vitro. It is optimistic that the limitation for using the native VP6 as a vaccine candidate or vector will be solved with our proposed approach. It is expected that this VP6-based epitope presenting system and the VP6-based VP4 epitope chimeric proteins will be valuable for and contribute to the development of novel RV vaccines and vaccine vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumei Teng
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Bingxin Zhao
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaoxia Pan
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, State Ethnic Affairs Commission and Ministry of Education, Yunnan University of Nationalities, Kunming, China
| | - Yuling Wen
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Yuanding Chen
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
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