1
|
Khosroshahi ME, Patel Y. Reflective FT-NIR and SERS studies of HER-II breast cancer biomarker using plasmonic-active nanostructured thin film immobilized oriented antibody. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2023; 16:e202200252. [PMID: 36177970 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202200252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We describe the fabrication of plasmonic-active nanostructured thin film substrate as a label-free surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-based biosensor immobilized covalently with monoclonal HER-II antibody (mAb) to detect overexpressed HER-II as a biomarker in breast cancer serum (BCS). Oriented conjugation of mAb via hydrazone linkage to provide higher mAb accessibility was characterized by UV-vis and reflective Fourier transform near-infrared (FT-NIR) spectroscopic techniques. The interaction of BCS with mAb was studied by FT-NIR and nonresonant SERS at 637 nm. The results showed detection of glycoprotein content at different laser powers including a rise in amino acid and glycan content with varying results at higher power. With nonresonant SERS we observed nonlinear behavior of peak intensity. Analysis of variance was implemented to determine the effect of laser power which was found not to be a contributing factor. However, at the nanoscale, factors including the heating effect and aggregation of molecules can contribute to the nonlinearity of peak intensity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad E Khosroshahi
- Nanobiophotonics and Biomedical Research Laboratory, M.I.S. Electronics Inc., Richmond Hill, Ontario, Canada
- Institute for Advanced Non-Destructive & Diagnostic Technologies (IANDIT), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yesha Patel
- Nanobiophotonics and Biomedical Research Laboratory, M.I.S. Electronics Inc., Richmond Hill, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang Y, Chen Y, Zheng J, Liu L, Zhang Q. Three-Dimensional Printing Self-Healing Dynamic/Photocrosslinking Gelatin-Hyaluronic Acid Double-Network Hydrogel for Tissue Engineering. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:12076-12088. [PMID: 35449926 PMCID: PMC9016838 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has great potential for constructing structurally and functionally complex scaffold materials for tissue engineering. Bio-inks are a critical part of 3D printing for this purpose. In this study, based on dynamic hydrazone-crosslinked hyaluronic acid (HA-HYD) and photocrosslinked gelatin methacrylate (GelMA), a double-network (DN) hydrogel with significantly enhanced mechanical strength, self-healing, and shear-thinning properties was developed as a printable hydrogel bio-ink for extrusion-based 3D printing. Owing to shear thinning, the DN hydrogel bio-inks could be extruded to form uniform filaments, which were printed layer by layer to fabricate the scaffolds. The self-healing performance of the filaments and photocrosslinking of GelMA worked together to obtain an integrated and stable printed structure with high mechanical strength. The in vitro cytocompatibility assay showed that the DN hydrogel printed scaffolds supported the survival and proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. GelMA/HA-HYD DN hydrogel bio-inks with printability, good structural integrity, and biocompatibility are promising materials for 3D printing of tissue engineering scaffolds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunping Wang
- Tianjin
Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering,
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, P. R. China
| | - Yazhen Chen
- Tianjin
Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering,
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, P. R. China
| | - Jianuo Zheng
- Tianjin
Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering,
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, P. R. China
| | - Lingrong Liu
- Tianjin
Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering,
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, P. R. China
| | - Qiqing Zhang
- Tianjin
Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering,
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, P. R. China
- Institute
of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The
First Affiliated Hospital of South University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, P. R. China
- Fujian
Bote Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Fuzhou, Fujian 350013, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sharifi F, Jahangiri M, Ebrahimnejad P. Synthesis of novel polymeric nanoparticles (methoxy-polyethylene glycol-chitosan/hyaluronic acid) containing 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin for colon cancer therapy: in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo investigation. ARTIFICIAL CELLS, NANOMEDICINE, AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 49:367-380. [PMID: 33851564 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2021.1907393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The goal of the current study was to target 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN38) orally to colon tumours by synthesizing a targeting polymer. To achieve the optimum delivery for SN38, initially methoxy-polyethylene glycol (mPEG)-chitosan was synthesized and then nanoparticles were developed through ionic gelation between mPEG-chitosan and hyaluronic acid as a ligand for cell-surface glycoprotein CD44 receptor. The SN38 was loaded in nanoparticles (SN38-NPs) using the non-covalent physical adsorption method. The size of the optimized SN38-NPs was 226.7 nm, encapsulation efficiency was 89.23% and drug content was 7.98 ± 0.54% in the optimum formulation. The attachment of mPEG to chitosan was confirmed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance. The results of differential scanning calorimetry and Fourier transforms infra-red analysis indicated that SN38 existed in amorphous form and functional groups of SN38 protected in the formulations which could be a sign of suitable encapsulation of SN38 in SN38-NPs. In vitro study indicated that SN38-NPs were more potent against the cancer cells than free SN38. The cellular uptake of SN38-NPs improved up to 1.6-fold against human colorectal adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) cells. Moreover, SN38-NPs remarkably demonstrated superior anti-tumor efficacy in contrary to pure SN38. This suggests the advantage of SN38-NPs as a potent oral drug carrier which could be further explored for clinical investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Sharifi
- Faculty of Chemical, Petroleum and Gas Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, I.R. Iran
| | - Mansour Jahangiri
- Faculty of Chemical, Petroleum and Gas Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, I.R. Iran
| | - Pedram Ebrahimnejad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Science Research Center, Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Goodarzi K, Rao SS. Hyaluronic acid-based hydrogels to study cancer cell behaviors. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:6103-6115. [PMID: 34259709 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb00963j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a natural polysaccharide and a key component of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in many tissues. Therefore, HA-based biomaterials are extensively utilized to create three dimensional ECM mimics to study cell behaviors in vitro. Specifically, derivatives of HA have been commonly used to fabricate hydrogels with controllable properties. In this review, we discuss the various chemistries employed to fabricate HA-based hydrogels as a tunable matrix to mimic the cancer microenvironment and subsequently study cancer cell behaviors in vitro. These include Michael-addition reactions, photo-crosslinking, carbodiimide chemistry, and Diels-Alder chemistry. The utility of these HA-based hydrogels to examine cancer cell behaviors such as proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro in various types of cancer are highlighted. Overall, such hydrogels provide a biomimetic material-based platform to probe cell-matrix interactions in cancer cells in vitro and study the mechanisms associated with cancer progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kasra Goodarzi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487-0203, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li S, Yi J, Yu X, Wang Z, Wang L. Preparation and characterization of pullulan derivative/chitosan composite film for potential antimicrobial applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 148:258-264. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.01.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
6
|
de Souza AB, Chaud MV, Santana MHA. Hyaluronic acid behavior in oral administration and perspectives for nanotechnology-based formulations: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 222:115001. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
7
|
Nazir R, Bruyneel A, Carr C, Czernuszka J. Collagen type I and hyaluronic acid based hybrid scaffolds for heart valve tissue engineering. Biopolymers 2019; 110:e23278. [PMID: 30958569 DOI: 10.1002/bip.23278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineers have achieved limited success so far in designing an ideal scaffold for aortic valve; scaffolds lack in mechanical compatibility, appropriate degradation rate, and microstructural similarity. This paper, therefore, has demonstrated a carbodiimide-based sequential crosslinking technique to prepare aortic valve extracellular matrix mimicking (ECM) hybrid scaffolds from collagen type I and hyaluronic acid (HA), the building blocks of heart valve ECM, with tailorable crosslinking densities. Swelling studies revealed that crosslinking densities of parent networks increased with increasing the concentration of the crosslinking agents whereas crosslinking densities of hybrid scaffolds averaged from those of parent collagen and HA networks. Hybrid scaffolds also offered a wide range of pore size (66-126 μm) which fulfilled the criteria for valvular tissue regeneration. Scanning electron microscopy and images of Alcian blue-Periodic acid Schiff stained samples suggested that our crosslinking technique yielded an ECM mimicking microstructure with interlaced bands of collagen and HA in the hybrid scaffolds. The mutually reinforcing networks of collagen and HA also resulted in increased bending moduli up to 1660 kPa which spanned the range of natural aortic valves. Cardio sphere-derived cells (CDCs) from rat hearts showed that crosslinking density affected the available cell attachment sites on the surface of the scaffold. Increased bending moduli of CDCs seeded scaffolds up to two folds (2-6 kPa) as compared to the non-seeded scaffolds (1 kPa) suggested that an increase in crosslinking density of the scaffolds could not only increase the in vitro bending modulus but also prevented its disintegration in the cell culture medium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Nazir
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM), COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Arne Bruyneel
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Carolyn Carr
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jan Czernuszka
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
He Z, Liu Z, Tian H, Hu Y, Liu L, Leong KW, Mao HQ, Chen Y. Scalable production of core-shell nanoparticles by flash nanocomplexation to enhance mucosal transport for oral delivery of insulin. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:3307-3319. [PMID: 29384554 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr08047f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Scalable manufacturing continues to present a major barrier for clinical translation of nanotherapeutics. Methods available for fabricating protein-encapsulating nanoparticles in a scalable fashion are scarce. Protein delivery often requires multiple functionalities to be incorporated into the same vehicle. Specifically for nanoparticle-mediated oral delivery of protein therapeutics, protection in GI tract, site-specific release, facilitating transmucosal permeation, and enhancing epithelial transport are a few desirable features to be engineered into a nanoparticle system. Here we devised a sequential flash nanocomplexation (FNC) technique for the scalable production of a core-shell structured nanoparticle system by combining materials choice and particle size and structure to fulfill these functions, therefore enhancing the delivery efficiency of insulin. This method is highly effective in controlling the size, generating core-shell structure with high encapsulation efficiency (97%) and payload capacity (67%) using insulin/l-penetratin complex nanoparticles as a core coated with hyaluronic acid (HA). Both the in vitro and in vivo models confirmed that the HA coating on these core-shell nanoparticles enhanced the permeation of nanoparticles through the intestinal mucus layer and improved trans-epithelial absorption of insulin nanoparticles; and the enhancement effect was most prominent using HA with the highest average molecular weight. The insulin-loaded nanoparticles were then encapsulated into enteric microcapsules (MCs) in an FNC process to provide additional protection against the acidic environment in the stomach while allowing rapid release of insulin nanoparticles when they reach small intestine. The optimized multifunctional MCs delivered an effective glucose reduction in a Type I diabetes rat model following a single oral administration, yielding a relative bioavailability of 11% in comparison with subcutaneous injection of free-form insulin. This FNC technique is highly effective in controlling particle size and structure to improve delivery properties and function. It can be easily extended to oral delivery for other protein therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyu He
- Center for Functional Biomaterials, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Musilová L, Mráček A, Kovalcik A, Smolka P, Minařík A, Humpolíček P, Vícha R, Ponížil P. Hyaluronan hydrogels modified by glycinated Kraft lignin: Morphology, swelling, viscoelastic properties and biocompatibility. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 181:394-403. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
10
|
Szafraniec J, Błażejczyk A, Kus E, Janik M, Zając G, Wietrzyk J, Chlopicki S, Zapotoczny S. Robust oil-core nanocapsules with hyaluronate-based shells as promising nanovehicles for lipophilic compounds. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:18867-18880. [PMID: 29177344 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr05851a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The design of nanodelivery systems has been recently considered as a solution to the major challenge in pharmaceutical research - poor bioavailability of lipophilic drugs. Nanocapsules with liquid oil cores and shells based on amphiphilic polysaccharides were developed here as robust carriers of hydrophobic active compounds. A series of modified charged hyaluronates were synthesized and used as stabilizing shells ensuring also the biocompatibility of the nanocapsules that is crucial for applications related to the delivery of lipophilic drugs in vivo. Importantly, the oil nanodroplets were found to be stably suspended in water for at least 15 months without addition of low molar mass surfactants. Moreover, their size and stability may be tuned by varying the relative content of hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups in the hyaluronate derivatives as was confirmed by dynamic light scattering and nanoparticle tracking analysis as well as electron microscopy. In vivo studies demonstrated that hyaluronate-based nanocapsules accumulated preferentially in the liver as well as in the lungs. Moreover, their accumulation was dramatically potentiated in endotoxemic mice. In vitro studies showed that the nanocapsules were taken up by liver sinusoidal endothelial cells and by mouse lung vascular endothelial cells. Importantly, the capsules were found to be nontoxic in an acute oral toxicity experiment even at a dose of 2000 mg per kg b.w. Biocompatible hyaluronate-based nanocapsules with liquid cores described herein represent a promising and tunable nanodelivery system for lipophilic active compounds via both oral and intravenous administration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Szafraniec
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Tripodo G, Trapani A, Torre ML, Giammona G, Trapani G, Mandracchia D. Hyaluronic acid and its derivatives in drug delivery and imaging: Recent advances and challenges. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2016; 97:400-16. [PMID: 26614559 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2015.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 03/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a biodegradable, biocompatible, nontoxic, and non-immunogenic glycosaminoglycan used for various biomedical applications. The interaction of HA with the CD44 receptor, whose expression is elevated on the surface of many types of tumor cells, makes this polymer a promising candidate for intracellular delivery of imaging and anticancer agents exploiting a receptor-mediated active targeting strategy. Therefore, HA and its derivatives have been most investigated for the development of several carrier systems intended for cancer diagnosis and therapy. Nonetheless, different and important delivery applications of the polysaccharide have also been described, including gene and peptide/protein drugs delivery. The aim of this review was to provide an overview of the existing recent literature on the use of HA and its derivatives for drug delivery and imaging. Notable attention is given to nanotheranostic systems obtained after conjugation of HA to nanocarriers as quantum dots, carbon nanotubes and graphene. Meanwhile, attention is also paid to some challenging aspects that need to be addressed in order to allow translation of preclinical models based on HA and its derivatives for drug delivery and imaging purposes to clinical testing and further their development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Tripodo
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Adriana Trapani
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Torre
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Gaetano Giammona
- Department of "Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche, Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF)", University of Palermo, via Archirafi 32, Palermo 90123, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Trapani
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Delia Mandracchia
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Khanmohammadi M, Sakai S, Ashida T, Taya M. Production of hyaluronic-acid-based cell-enclosing microparticles and microcapsules via enzymatic reaction using a microfluidic system. J Appl Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/app.43107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Khanmohammadi
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science; Osaka University; Toyonaka Osaka Japan
| | - Shinji Sakai
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science; Osaka University; Toyonaka Osaka Japan
| | - Tomoaki Ashida
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science; Osaka University; Toyonaka Osaka Japan
| | - Masahito Taya
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science; Osaka University; Toyonaka Osaka Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Controlled release of a model protein drug ovalbumin from thiolated hyaluronic acid matrix. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2015.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
14
|
Zhang T, Yang Q, Forrest WC, Cai S, Aires D, Forrest ML. A Lanthanum-Tagged Chemotherapeutic Agent HA-Pt to Track the In Vivo Distribution of Hyaluronic Acid Complexes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 1. [PMID: 26756040 PMCID: PMC4706177 DOI: 10.24947/2380-5552/1/1/102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid drug conjugates can target anti-cancer drugs directly to tumor tissue for loco-regional treatment with enhanced bioavailability, local efficacy and reduced toxicity. In this study, the distribution and pharmacokinetics of hyaluronic acid carrier and a conjugated cisplatin anti-cancer drug were tracked by lanthanum (III) [La(III)] affinity tagging of the nanocarrier. The strong binding affinity of La(III) to HA enabled the simple preparation of a physiologically stable complex HA-Pt-La and straightforward simultaneous detection of HA-La and Pt in biological matrices using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Consequently, after subcutaneous injection of HA-Pt-La nanoparticles in human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) tumor-bearing mice, the HA and Pt content were detected and quantified simultaneously in the plasma, primary tumor, liver and spleen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ti Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Qiuhong Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | | | - Shuang Cai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Daniel Aires
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - M Laird Forrest
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| |
Collapse
|