1
|
Shang Y, Cui P, Chen Y, Zhang Z, Li S, Chen Z, Ma A, Jia Y. Study on the mechanism of mitigating radiation damage by improving the hematopoietic system and intestinal barrier with Tenebrio molitor peptides. Food Funct 2024; 15:8116-8127. [PMID: 39011610 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo01141d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Research on plant and animal peptides has garnered significant attention, but there is a lack of studies on the functional properties of Tenebrio molitor peptides, particularly in relation to their potential mitigating effect on radiation damage and the underlying mechanisms. This study aims to explore the protective effects of Tenebrio molitor peptides against radiation-induced damage. Mice were divided into five groups: normal, radiation model, and low-, medium-, and high-dose Tenebrio molitor peptide (TMP) groups (0.15 g per kg BW, 0.30 g per kg BW, and 0.60 g per kg BW). Various parameters such as blood cell counts, bone marrow DNA content, immune organ indices, serum levels of D-lactic acid, diamine oxidase (DAO), endotoxin (LPS), and inflammatory factors were assessed at 3 and 15 days post gamma irradiation. Additionally, the intestinal tissue morphology was examined through H&E staining, RT-qPCR experiments were conducted to analyze the expression of inflammatory factors in the intestine, and immunohistochemistry was utilized to evaluate the expression of tight junction proteins ZO-1 and Occludin in the intestine. The findings revealed that high-dose TMP significantly enhanced the hematopoietic system function in mice post radiation exposure, leading to increased spleen index, thymus index, blood cell counts, and bone marrow DNA production (p < 0.05). Moreover, TMP improved the intestinal barrier integrity and reduced the intestinal permeability. Mechanistic insights suggested that these peptides may safeguard intestinal barrier function by downregulating the gene expression of inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, while upregulating the expression of tight junction proteins ZO-1 and Occludin (p < 0.05). Overall, supplementation with TMP mitigates radiation-induced intestinal damage by enhancing the hematopoietic system and the intestinal barrier, offering valuable insights for further investigations into the mechanisms underlying the protective effects of these peptides against ionizing radiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Shang
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, PR China.
| | - Pengfei Cui
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, PR China.
| | - Yachun Chen
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, PR China.
| | - Ziqi Zhang
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, PR China.
| | - Siting Li
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, PR China.
| | - Zhou Chen
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, PR China.
| | - Aijin Ma
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, PR China.
| | - Yingmin Jia
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nian Q, Liu R, Zeng J. Unraveling the pathogenesis of myelosuppression and therapeutic potential of natural products. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 132:155810. [PMID: 38905848 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myelosuppression is a serious and common complication of radiotherapy and chemotherapy in cancer patients and is characterized by a reduction of peripheral blood cells. This condition not only compromises the efficacy of treatment but also increases the risk of patient death. Natural products are emerging as promising adjuvant therapies due to their antioxidant properties, ability to modulate immune responses, and capacity to stimulate haematopoietic stem cell proliferation. These therapies demonstrate significant potential in ameliorating myelosuppression. METHODS A systematic review of the literature was performed utilizing the search terms "natural products," "traditional Chinese medicine," and "myelosuppression" across prominent databases, including Google Scholar, PubMed, and Web of Science. All pertinent literature was meticulously analysed and summarized. The objective of this study was to perform a pertinent analysis to elucidate the mechanisms underlying myelosuppression and to categorize and synthesize information on natural products and traditional Chinese medicines employed for the therapeutic management of myelosuppression. RESULTS Myelosuppression resulting from drug and radiation exposure, viral infections, and exosomes is characterized by multiple underlying mechanisms involving immune factors, target genes, and the activation of diverse signalling pathways, including the (TGF-β)/Smad pathway. Recently, traditional Chinese medicine monomers and compounds, including more than twenty natural products, such as Astragalus and Angelica, have shown promising potential as therapeutics for ameliorating myelosuppression. These natural products exert their effects by modulating haematopoietic stem cells, immune factors, and critical signalling pathways. CONCLUSIONS Understanding the various mechanisms of myelosuppression facilitates the exploration of natural product therapies and biological target identification for evaluating herbal medicine efficacy. This study aimed to establish a foundation for the clinical application of natural products and provide methodologies and technical support for exploring additional treatments for myelosuppression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Nian
- Department of Transfusion, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
| | - Rongxing Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinhao Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mao G, Tang J, Xu M, Okeke ES, Dong F, Chen Y, Gao J, Feng W, Zhao T, Wu X, Yang L. Role of autonomic nervous system in BDE-209 maternal exposure induced immunotoxicity in female offspring. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38808594 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Decabrominated diphenyl ether (BDE-209) is a typical persistent organic pollutant that can cross the placental barrier, increasing the exposure risk for offspring. Norepinephrine (NE) from nerve terminals and acetylcholine (Ach) can bind to specific receptors on immune cells, inhibit the immune function of the body then cause immunotoxicity. However, whether maternal exposure to BDE-209 could lead to immunotoxicity in the offspring by acting on the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems remains unclear. In view of this, the pregnancy and lactation rat BDE-209 exposure model was established and the results demonstrated that pregnancy and lactation BDE-209 exposure could induce immunotoxicity to female offspring via affecting immunopathology (hematological and biochemical parameters, organ indices, and spleen histopathological), decreasing humoral immunity (serum hemolysin, immunoglobulins, and cytokine productions), damaging cellular immunity (splenic lymphocytes and spleen cytokine productions), and restraining nonspecific immunity. Moreover, a dramatically significant correlation was observed between spleen nerve indices and immunity indices. Additionally, the mechanism revealed that maternal BDE-209 exposure caused offspring immunotoxicity through (1) activating MHC/PKCθ/NF-κB pathway; (2) promoting sympathetic nervous pathway, by upregulating the expression of β2AR protein, which in turn elevating cAMP, following activate PKA and phosphorylate CREB, ultimately leading to immunotoxicity;(3) activating parasympathetic nerve pathway by reducing the binding with Ach and α7nAchR, upregulating the expression of JAK2 and phosphorylating STAT3, induced immunotoxicity of female offspring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guanghua Mao
- School of the Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Junjie Tang
- School of the Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Muge Xu
- School of the Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Emmanuel Sunday Okeke
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences & Natural Science Unit, School of General Studies, University of Nigeria, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Fangyuan Dong
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yao Chen
- School of the Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jinlin Gao
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Weiwei Feng
- School of the Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xiangyang Wu
- School of the Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Liuqing Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Du X, Yan Y, Dai Y, Xu R. Yogurt Alleviates Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunosuppression in Mice through D-Lactate. Nutrients 2024; 16:1395. [PMID: 38732641 PMCID: PMC11085661 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have investigated the immunomodulatory effects of yogurt, but the underlying mechanism remained elusive. This study aimed to elucidate the alleviating properties of yogurt on immunosuppression and proposed the underlying mechanism was related to the metabolite D-lactate. In the healthy mice, we validated the safety of daily yogurt consumption (600 μL) or D-lactate (300 mg/kg). In immunosuppressed mice induced by cyclophosphamide (CTX), we evaluated the immune regulation of yogurt and D-lactate. The result showed that yogurt restored body weight, boosted immune organ index, repaired splenic tissue, recovered the severity of delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions and increased serum cytokines (IgA, IgG, IL-6, IFN-γ). Additionally, yogurt enhanced intestinal immune function by restoring the intestinal barrier and upregulating the abundance of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus. Further studies showed that D-lactate alleviated immunosuppression in mice mainly by promoting cellular immunity. D-lactate recovered body weight and organ development, elevated serum cytokines (IgA, IgG, IL-6, IFN-γ), enhanced splenic lymphocyte proliferation and increased the mRNA level of T-bet in splenic lymphocyte to bolster Th1 differentiation. Finally, CTX is a chemotherapeutic drug, thus, the application of yogurt and D-lactate in the tumor-bearing mouse model was initially explored. The results showed that both yogurt (600 μL) and D-lactate (300 mg/kg) reduced cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression without promoting tumor growth. Overall, this study evaluated the safety, immune efficacy and applicability of yogurt and D-lactate in regulating immunosuppression. It emphasized the potential of yogurt as a functional food for immune regulation, with D-lactate playing a crucial role in its immunomodulatory effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinru Du
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China;
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yongheng Yan
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 271016, China
| | - Yufeng Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China;
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Ruijie Xu
- Global Health Institute, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China;
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li F, Liu T, Liu X, Han C, Li L, Zhang Q, Sui X. Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide hydrogel accelerates diabetic wound healing by regulating macrophage polarization. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129682. [PMID: 38266851 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Impaired macrophage polarization or the high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by high glucose conditions and bacterial infection are the primary factors that make healing diabetic wounds difficult. Here, we prepared an OGLP-CMC/SA hydrogel with a double network structure that was synthesized with oxidized Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide (OGLP), sodium alginate (SA) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) as the matrix. The results showed that the OGLP-CMC/SA hydrogel had good mechanical properties, tissue adhesion, oxidation resistance and biocompatibility. Moreover, the hydrogel could effectively improve the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts, also can enhance antibacterial properties. We found that the OGLP-CMC/SA hydrogel can promote the polarization of M1 macrophages towards the M2 and decrease intracellular ROS levels, effectively reduce the inflammatory response, and promote epidermal growth, the development of skin appendages and collagen deposition in wounds, which hasten diabetic wound healing. Therefore, using this versatile biologically active new hydrogel network constructed with OGLP provides a promising therapeutic strategy for chronic diabetic wound repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Li
- College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Cuiyan Han
- College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Lili Li
- Collge of Biology and Agriculture, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Xiaoyu Sui
- College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhu Z, Luo Y, Lin L, Gao T, Yang Q, Fan Y, Wang S, Fu C, Liao W. Modulating Effects of Turmeric Polysaccharides on Immune Response and Gut Microbiota in Cyclophosphamide-Treated Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:3469-3482. [PMID: 38329061 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c05590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Turmeric, a traditional medicinal herb, is commonly used as a dietary and functional ingredient. This study aimed to investigate the effect of turmeric polysaccharides (TPs) on intestinal immunity and gut microbiota in cyclophosphamide (Cy)-induced immunosuppressed BALB/c mice. We verified that the oral administration of TPs-0 and TPs-3 (200 and 400 mg/kg, bw) improved thymus and spleen indexes, increased the whole blood immune cells (WBC) and lymph count index, and stimulated the secretion of serum immunoglobulin IgG. More importantly, TPs-0 and TPs-3 could repair intestinal immune damage and reduce intestinal inflammation. The specific mechanism is ameliorating the intestinal pathological damage, promoting CD4+ T cell secretion, regulating the expression of related cytokines, and reducing the level of critical proteins in the NF-κB/iNOS pathway. Interestingly, the intake of TPs-0 and TPs-3 significantly increased the content of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Moreover, TPs-0 and TPs-3 relieved the intestinal microbiota disorder via the proliferation of the abundance of Lactobacillus and Bacteroides and the inhibition of Staphylococcus. Cumulatively, our study suggests that TPs-0 and TPs-3 can relieve intestinal immune damage by repairing the immune barrier and regulating intestinal flora disorders. TPs have potential applications for enhancing immunity as a functional food.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zongping Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy/School of Modern Chinese Medicine Industry, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, Sichuan China
| | - Yirong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy/School of Modern Chinese Medicine Industry, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, Sichuan China
| | - Liting Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy/School of Modern Chinese Medicine Industry, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, Sichuan China
| | - Tianhui Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy/School of Modern Chinese Medicine Industry, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, Sichuan China
| | - Qingsong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy/School of Modern Chinese Medicine Industry, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, Sichuan China
| | - Yunqiu Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy/School of Modern Chinese Medicine Industry, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, Sichuan China
| | - Shuyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy/School of Modern Chinese Medicine Industry, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, Sichuan China
| | - Chaomei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy/School of Modern Chinese Medicine Industry, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, Sichuan China
| | - Wan Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy/School of Modern Chinese Medicine Industry, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, Sichuan China
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang Y, Zhao M, He J, Chen L, Wang W. In vitro and in vivo immunomodulatory activity of acetylated polysaccharides from Cyclocarya paliurus leaves. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 259:129174. [PMID: 38181912 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.129174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to investigate the immunomodulatory effects of polysaccharides from Cyclocarya paliurus leaves after acetylation modification (Ac-CPP0.1) on dendritic cells (DCs) and immunosuppressed mice. In vitro, Ac-CPP0.1 promoted phenotypic and functional maturation of DCs. Specifically, it increased the expression of costimulatory molecules (CD80, CD86, and MHC II) and the secretion of cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-10, IL-12p70) of DCs. In vivo, Ac-CPP0.1 significantly improved immunosuppression of mice, which was manifested by increased body weight and immune organ index, up-regulated cytokines (IL-4, IL-17, TGF-β3, and TNF-α), and restored short-chain fatty acid (SCFAs) levels of intestinal. The immunoactivation of Ac-CPP0.1 in DCs and in mice is linked to the activation of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Furthermore, Ac-CPP0.1 reversed intestinal flora imbalance caused by cyclophosphamide. At the species level, Ac-CPP0.1 increased the abundance of unclassified_Muribaculaceae, unclassified_Desulfovibrio, Bacteroides_acidifaciens and Faecalibaculum_rodentium, decreased the level of Lactobacillus_johnsonii, unclassified_g_Staphylococcus and Staphylococcus_nepalensis. In summary, Ac-CPP0.1 has considerable immunomodulatory potential, which is beneficial to the future utilization and development of Cyclocarya paliurus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- Key Lab for Agro-product Processing and Quality Control of Nanchang City, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Jing He
- Key Lab for Agro-product Processing and Quality Control of Nanchang City, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Lingli Chen
- Key Lab for Agro-product Processing and Quality Control of Nanchang City, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- Key Lab for Agro-product Processing and Quality Control of Nanchang City, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Xu X, Shao T, Meng Y, Liu C, Zhang P, Chen K. Immunomodulatory mechanisms of an acidic polysaccharide from the fermented burdock residue by Rhizopus nigricans in RAW264.7 cells and cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressive mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 252:126462. [PMID: 37619680 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
RBAPS is an acidic polysaccharide extracted from the burdock residue fermentation by Rhizopus nigricans. In RBAPS-activated RAW264.7 cells, transcriptome analysis identified a total of 1520 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 1223 down-regulated genes and 297 up-regulated genes. DEGs were enriched in the immune-related biological processes, involving in Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathway, according to Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis. The results of the confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) observation, antibody neutralization and Western blot verified that RBAPS modulated macrophages activation and cytokines secretion mainly via TLR4/MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway. The immunomodulatory activity in vivo of RBAPS was investigated in cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunosuppressive mice. RBAPS promoted the counts of white blood cells (WBC), red blood cells (RBC) and platelets (PLT) as well as the levels of immunoglobulins and cytokines (IgG, IgM, TNF-α, and IL-2) in immunosuppressive mice. RBAPS protected the spleen and thymus from CTX-induced injury by increasing the organ indexes, attenuating pathological damage, and promoting splenic lymphocytes proliferation. Importantly, RBAPS ameliorated the intestine integrity and function by promoting the expression of Occuldin, Claudin-5, Atg5, and Atg7, activating TLR4/MAPK signaling pathway in CTX-induced mice. This study suggested that RBAPS was a prime candidate of immunologic adjuvant in chemotherapy for the nutraceutical and pharmaceutical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Xu
- School of Life Science and National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China
| | - Taili Shao
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macromolecules, Drug Research &Development Center, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, PR China
| | - Ying Meng
- School of Life Science and National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macromolecules, Drug Research &Development Center, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, PR China.
| | - Pengying Zhang
- School of Life Science and National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China.
| | - Kaoshan Chen
- School of Life Science and National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Duan Y, Huang J, Sun M, Jiang Y, Wang S, Wang L, Yu N, Peng D, Wang Y, Chen W, Zhang Y. Poria cocos polysaccharide improves intestinal barrier function and maintains intestinal homeostasis in mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 249:125953. [PMID: 37517750 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
The function of the intestinal tract is critical to human health. Poria cocos is a widely used functional edible fungus in Asia and has been reported to modulate gastrointestinal function. However, the effects of polysaccharides, the main active constituents of Poria cocos, on the intestinal tract remains unclear and is the focus of the study. Poria cocos polysaccharides (PCP) were extracted, characterized, and administered to mice by gavage. The results show that PCP used in this study has a typical polysaccharide peak with a molecular weight of 11.583 kDa and is composed primarily of mannose, D-glucosamine hydrochloride, glucose, galactose, and fucose with a molar ratio of 15.308: 0.967: 28.723: 31.631: 23.371. The methylation results suggest that the PCP backbone may be t-Gal(p), 6-Gal(p) and 2,6-Gal(p). The effects of PCP on the mucosal barrier function of the mouse intestine (duodenum, jejunum, and ileum) were examined in terms of intestinal physiological status, physical barrier, biochemical barrier, immune barrier, and microbial barrier. The results showed that PCP significantly improved the physiological state of mouse intestine. Moreover, PCP strengthened the intestinal physical barrier by upregulating the expression of intestinal Occludin and ZO-1 and downregulating the levels of serum endotoxin, DAO, D-lactate, and intestinal MPO. Regarding biochemical barrier, PCP could upregulate the expression of MUC2, β-defensin, and SIgA in intestinal tissues. In addition, PCP modulated the immune barrier by increasing IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TGF-β, and IFN-γ expression. Besides, PCP increased the level of SCFAs in small intestinal contents. PCP modulates intestinal barrier function by altering the microbial composition of the gut. We also found that PCP could maintain intestinal barrier function by increasing the expression of Wnt/β-Catenin and Lrp5 proteins. Generally, our findings suggested that PCP may be used as a functional food to regulate intestinal mucosal function, thereby enhancing the health of the intestinal and host.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Duan
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Jiajing Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Mingjie Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Yuehang Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Shihan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, China; MOE-Anhui Joint Collaborative Innovation Center for Quality Improvement of Anhui Genuine Chinese Medicinal Materials, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, China
| | - Nianjun Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Daiyin Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, China; MOE-Anhui Joint Collaborative Innovation Center for Quality Improvement of Anhui Genuine Chinese Medicinal Materials, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources Protection and Development, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, China.
| | - Weidong Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, China; MOE-Anhui Joint Collaborative Innovation Center for Quality Improvement of Anhui Genuine Chinese Medicinal Materials, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources Protection and Development, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Decoction Pieces of New Manufacturing Technology, China.
| | - Yue Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Dai Y, Ma S, Zhu Y, Gontcharov AA, Liu Y, Wang Q. Immunomodulatory Effect of Flammulina rossica Fermentation Extract on Healthy and Immunosuppressed Mice. Molecules 2023; 28:5825. [PMID: 37570797 PMCID: PMC10421243 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Flammulina rossica fermentation extract (FREP) was obtained by ethanol precipitation of the fermentation broth. The molecular weight of FREP is 28.52 kDa, and it mainly contains active ingredients such as polysaccharides, proteins, reducing sugars, and 16 amino acids. Among them, the polysaccharides were mannose, glucose, galactose, arabinose, and fucose and possessed β-glycosidic bonds. Furthermore, the immunoregulatory activities of FREP were investigated in vivo. The results demonstrated that FREP could increase the counts of CD4+ T lymphocytes and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ in a dose-dependent manner in healthy mice. In addition, FREP significantly increased serum cytokines, including IL-2, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-6, IL-1β, INF-γ, C-rection protein, and TNF-α, and promoted splenocyte proliferation in healthy mice. Finally, FREP could restore the counts of white blood cells, red blood cells, secretory immunoglobulin A, and antibody-forming cells and significantly promote the serum haemolysin level in mice treated with cyclophosphamide. The findings indicated that FREP possessed immunoregulatory activity in healthy mice and could improve the immune functions in immunosuppressive mice. Therefore, FREP could be exploited as an immunomodulatory agent and potential immunotherapeutic medicine for patients with inadequate immune function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingdi Dai
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (Y.D.); (S.M.); (Y.Z.)
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Sijia Ma
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (Y.D.); (S.M.); (Y.Z.)
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Yanyan Zhu
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (Y.D.); (S.M.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Andrey A. Gontcharov
- Institute of Biology and Soil Science, FEB RAS, 100-Letia Vladivostoka Prospect, 159, Vladivostok 690022, Russia;
| | - Yang Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (Y.D.); (S.M.); (Y.Z.)
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (Y.D.); (S.M.); (Y.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yang Q, Wang Z, Aga EB, Liang X. The extraction and anti-inflammatory screening of Onosma glomeratum Y. L. Liu. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 54:282-293. [PMID: 37395553 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2023.2227885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
"Zicao" has a long medicinal history and has a variety of pharmacological activities. As the main resource of "zicao" in Tibet, Onosma glomeratum Y. L. Liu (tuan hua dian zi cao), usually used for treating pneumonia in Tibet, has not been reported deeply. In order to determine the main anti-inflammatory active ingredients of Onosma glomeratum Y. L. Liu, in this study, the extracts enriched in naphthoquinones and polysaccharides were optimized prepared form Onosma glomeratum Y. L. Liu by ultrasonic extraction, and reflux extraction, respectively, with Box-Behnken design effect surface method. And their anti-inflammatory abilities were screened on LPS induced A549 cells model, for figuring out the anti-inflammatory active ingredients from Onosma glomeratum Y. L. Liu.The extract enriched naphthoquinone was obtained under following condition: extract with 85% ethanol in a liquid to material ratio of 1:40 g/mL at 30 °C for 30 minutes using ultrasound, leading to the extraction rate of total naphthoquinone as 0.98 ± 0.017%; the extract enriched polysaccharides was prepared as follows: extract 82 minutes at 100 °C with distilled water in a liquid to material ratio of 1:50 g/mL, with extraction rate of polysaccharide as 7.07 ± 0.02%.On the LPS-induced A549 cell model, the polysaccharide extract from Onosma glomeratum Y. L. Liu showed better anti-inflammatory effects than the naphthoquinone extract, indicating the extract enriched in polysaccharides is the anti-inflammatory extract of Onosma glomeratum Y. L. Liu, which could serve as a potential anti-inflammatory extract in medical and food industries in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yang
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Zhengyu Wang
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Er-Bu Aga
- Medical college, Tibet University, Lasa, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxia Liang
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lee HS, Kim SM, Jung JI, Lim J, Woo M, Kim EJ. Immune-enhancing effect of hydrolyzed and fermented Platycodon grandiflorum extract in cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed BALB/c mice. Nutr Res Pract 2023; 17:206-217. [PMID: 37009135 PMCID: PMC10042709 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2023.17.2.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The immunomodulatory effect of Platycodon grandiflorum (PG) has been reported, but studies on its mechanism are still lacking. This study was undertaken to confirm whether the hydrolyzed and fermented PG extract (HFPGE) obtained by adding hydrolysis and fermentation to the extraction process has an immune-enhancing effect in the in vivo system. MATERIALS/METHODS Five-week-old BALB/c mice were divided into 4 groups: normal control group (NOR), control group (CON), 150 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day HFPGE-treated group (T150), and 300 mg/kg BW/day HFPGE-treated group (T300). The mice were administered HFPGE for 4 weeks and intraperitoneally injected with cyclophosphamide (CPA, 80 mg/kg BW/day) on day 6, 7, and 8, respectively, to induce immunosuppression. The levels of immunoglobulins (Igs) and cytokines were measured in the serum. In splenocytes, proliferation and cytokine levels were measured. RESULTS Serum IgA, IgG, and IgM levels were observed to decrease after CPA treatment, which was recovered by HFPGE administration. The levels of serum interleukin (IL)-12, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-8, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β were also decreased after exposure to CPA but increased after HFPGE administration. Decreased splenocyte proliferation was seen in CPA-treated mice, but was observed to increase in the T150 and T300 groups as compared to the NOR group. Compared to the CON group, splenocyte proliferation stimulated with concanavalin A (ConA) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the HFPGE-treated groups was significantly increased. The cytokines secreted by ConA-stimulated splenocytes (IL-2, IL-12, interferon-γ, TNF-α) were increased in the T150 and T300 groups, and cytokines secreted by LPS-stimulated splenocytes (IL-4, IL-8, TGF-β) were also increased by HFPGE administration. CONCLUSION These results suggest that HFPGE stimulates the immunity in immunosuppressed conditions, thereby enhancing the immune response. Therefore, it is expected that HFPGE has the potential to be used as functional food and medicine for immune recovery in various immunocompromised situations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Sook Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dongseo University, Busan 47011, Korea
| | - So Mi Kim
- Regional Strategic Industry Innovation Center, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Jae In Jung
- Regional Strategic Industry Innovation Center, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Jihoon Lim
- R&D Center, World Food Services Co. Ltd., Gangneung 25451, Korea
| | - Moonjea Woo
- R&D Center, World Food Services Co. Ltd., Gangneung 25451, Korea
| | - Eun Ji Kim
- Regional Strategic Industry Innovation Center, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yang Y, Qin L, Wu Y, Liu S, He X, Mao W. A sulfated polysaccharide from Dictyosphaeria cavernosa: Structural characterization and effect on immunosuppressive recovery. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 231:123311. [PMID: 36669632 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A homogeneous sulfated polysaccharide DCS1 was obtained from Dictyosphaeria cavernosa by alkali extraction and chromatography purification. On the basis of chemical and spectroscopic analyses, DCS1 was a novel mannan-type sulfated polysaccharide and had a molecular weight of 15.48 kDa. DCS1 consisted of a main chain of (1 → 4)-α-d-Manp units with partial sulfate substitution at C-2 and branches at C-2/C-6. DCS1 possessed a potent immune-enhancing effect in vitro evaluated by the assays of lymphocytes proliferation and macrophage phagocytosis. The immunomodulatory effect of DCS1 in vivo was further investigated using immunosuppressed mice induced by cyclophosphamide (Cy). The data showed that DCS1 markedly increased the spleen and thymus indexes, and ameliorated the Cy-induced damage to spleen and thymus. Moreover, DCS1 had a significant effect on hematopoietic function recovery, and promoted the secretion of the interleukin-2 and tumor necrosis factor-α. Notably, DCS1 reversed the reduction of CD4+ T cells, improved the disorder of CD4+/CD8+ T cells and enhanced the immune response. The investigation demonstrated that the sulfated polysaccharide DCS1 with novel structure could be a hopeful immunomodulatory agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Ling Qin
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Shan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xiaoxi He
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Wenjun Mao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Tran THM, Mi XJ, Huh JE, Aditi Mitra P, Kim YJ. Cirsium japonicum var. maackii fermented with Pediococcus pentosaceus induces immunostimulatory activity in RAW 264.7 cells, splenocytes and CTX-immunosuppressed mice. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
|
15
|
Effects of PFOS and cyclophosphamide exposure on immune homeostasis in mice. Immunobiology 2023; 228:152356. [PMID: 36857909 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2023.152356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) is member of a class of molecules with fluorinated carbon chains known as polyfluoroalkyls. PFOS have been used to produce a variety of industry and comsumer uses. However, a significant concern is that it accumulates in the environment, including in animals and humans, and that it is a potential immunosuppressant. Here we analyze immune homeostasis in mice following chronic exposure to PFOS at levels up to those historically found in PFOS manufacturing workers. Mice were exposed to 0.15, 1.5, 15, or 50 µg /kg of PFOS for 28 days, after which, B cells, T cells, and granulocytes from the bone marrow, liver, spleen, lymph nodes, and thymus were evaluated. We find that at these exposures, there was no effect of PFOS on major T- or B-cell populations, macrophages, dendritic cells, basophils, mast cells, eosinophils, neutrophils, serum antibodies or select serum cytokines. By contrast, mice exposed the known immunosuppressant cyclophosphamide, which was given at 40 mg/kg for four days, exhibited depletion of several granulocyte, T- and B-cell populations of the thymus, bone marrow, and spleen, as well as circulating IgM and IgE antibodies. These data indicate that exposures of up to 50 µg /kg of PFOS for 28 days does not affect immune homeostasis in mice.
Collapse
|
16
|
Li C, Zhao P, Shao Q, Chen W, Huang S, Wang X, Zhang C, He L. Effects of dietary Glycyrrhiza polysaccharide on growth performance, blood parameters and immunity in weaned piglets. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2023; 107:136-146. [PMID: 35247286 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary Glycyrrhiza polysaccharide (GCP) on growth performance, blood parameters and immunity in weaned piglets. A total of 240 (10.33 ± 0.62 kg body weight) 35-day-old (Duroc × Landrace × White) weaned piglets were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments, with six replicate pens per treatment and 10 piglets per pen (five males and five females). The dietary treatments continued for 21 days and comprised a basal diet supplemented with 0 (control group), 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg GCP. The results showed that the inclusion of 1000 and 2000 mg/kg GCP increased the average daily gain and decreased the feed conversion rate compared with the control group (p < 0.05). The piglets treated with 500 and 1000 mg/kg GCP had a lower diarrhoeal incidence than the control group (p < 0.05). Moreover, supplementation with 1000 mg/kg GCP increased the counts of white blood cells, neutrophils, red blood cells, and platelets, and elevated alkaline phosphatase, total protein, globulin, glucose, triglyceride, immunoglobulin A, immunoglobulin G, and total antioxidant capacity levels (p < 0.05), and decreased malondialdehyde content compare with the control group (p < 0.05). In addition, relative to the control group, piglets fed 500 and 1000 mg/kg GCP had significantly lower expression of interleukin-6 mRNA in spleen (p < 0.05). Our results indicate that dietary supplementation with GCP can improve growth performance, blood parameters and immunity in weaned piglets. Our study suggests that adding 1000 mg/kg GCP to the diet had the most beneficial effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenxu Li
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Health Breeding, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Pengli Zhao
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Health Breeding, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Qi Shao
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Health Breeding, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Wenbin Chen
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Health Breeding, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Shucheng Huang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xueying Wang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Health Breeding, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Cai Zhang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Health Breeding, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Lei He
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Health Breeding, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Song-xin L, Zhi-man L, Zi-jun S, Yun-shi X, Li-juan Z, Duo-duo R, Yin-shi S. Effect of velvet antler on the immune activity of cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed mice. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2022.2128070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Liu Song-xin
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, China Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Zhi-man
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, China Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shao Zi-jun
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, China Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xia Yun-shi
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, China Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhao Li-juan
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, China Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ren Duo-duo
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, China Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sun Yin-shi
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, China Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhang T, Liu H, Ma P, Huang J, Bai X, Liu P, Zhu L, Min X. Immunomodulatory effect of polysaccharides isolated from Lonicera japonica Thunb. in cyclophosphamide-treated BALB/c mice. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11876. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
|
19
|
Wang X, Tang J, Zhang S, Zhang N. Effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 19-2 on immunomodulatory function and gut microbiota in mice. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:926756. [PMID: 35992718 PMCID: PMC9386500 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.926756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 19-2 (L. plantarum 19-2) on mice treated with the alkylating agent cyclophosphamide (CTX). Our findings show that L. plantarum 19-2 restored the spleen and thymus index and the number of white blood cells and lymphocytes% in CTX treated mice. Serum immunoglobulin levels in CTX-treated mice were increased by L. plantarum 19-2. In addition, as compared to the model group, L. plantarum 19-2 upregulated the content of SIgA, while L. plantarum 19-2 regulates the mRNA and protein expression levels of GATA-3, T-bet, IFN-γ, and IL-4 in small intestinal tissues, which adjusted mucosal barriers, structural status, and the balance of Helper T-cell 1 and Helper T-cell 2. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 19-2 regulated the distribution of intestinal flora in mice, promoting the growth of Bacteroides and Proteobacteria. In addition, L. plantarum 19-2 inhibited the growth of several harmful bacteria, including Actinobacteria and Firmicutes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoran Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Jilang Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Shixia Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- *Correspondence: Shixia Zhang,
| | - Nuannuan Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
The natural substances with anti-allergic properties in food allergy. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
21
|
Park YM, Lee HY, Shin DY, Kim DS, Yoo JJ, Yang HJ, Kim MJ, Bae JS. Immune-Enhancing Effects of Co-treatment With Kalopanax pictus Nakai Bark and Nelumbo nucifera Gaertner Leaf Extract in a Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunosuppressed Rat Model. Front Nutr 2022; 9:898417. [PMID: 35662944 PMCID: PMC9161550 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.898417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Immune system disorders can result in various pathological conditions, such as infections and cancer. Identifying therapies that enhance the immune response might be crucial for immunocompromised individuals. Therefore, we assessed the immune-enhancing effect of co-treatment with Kalopanax pictus Nakai Bark and Nelumbo nucifera Gaertner leaf extract (KPNN) in a cyclophosphamide (Cy)-induced immunosuppressed rat model. Materials and Methods For in vitro studies, macrophages and splenocytes were treated with various KPNN doses in the presence or absence of Cy. Macrophage viability, nitric oxide production, splenocyte viability, cytokine production and natural killer (NK) cell activity were analyzed. For in vivo studies, analysis of weekly body weight, dietary intake, tissue weight, immune-related blood cell count, cytokine levels, and spleen biopsy was performed in a Cy-induced immunocompromised animal model. Results KPNN significantly increased phospho-NF-κB and phospho-ERK protein levels and cell viability in macrophages. KPNN significantly increased the NK cell activity in splenocytes compared to that in the control. Cy treatment decreased tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and interferon-γ production. In the Cy-induced immunosuppression rat model, KPNN-treated rats had significantly higher body weights and tissue weights than the Cy-treated rats. Additionally, KPNN treatment restored the immune-related factors, such as total leukocyte, lymphocyte, and intermediate cell contents, to their normal levels in the blood. The blood cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) were increased, and spleen tissue damage was significantly alleviated. Conclusions Collectively, KPNN exerts an immune-enhancing effect suggesting their potential as an immunostimulatory agent or functional food.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dae Sung Kim
- Central Research and Development, Hanpoong Pharm & Foods Co., Ltd., Wanju-gun, South Korea
| | - Jin Joo Yoo
- Central Research and Development, Hanpoong Pharm & Foods Co., Ltd., Wanju-gun, South Korea
| | | | - Min Jung Kim
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, South Korea
| | - Jun Sang Bae
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Jun Sang Bae,
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wang Y, Ni W, Jin X, Li J, Yu Y. Vitexin-2-O-rhamnoside improves immunosuppression, oxidative stress, and phosphorylation of PI3K/Akt signal pathway in cyclophosphamide treated mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 925:174999. [PMID: 35525311 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Vitexin-2-O-rhamnoside (VR) is an important active substance in hawthorn, which is widely used as a food or functional food raw material; however, its immunomodulatory activities have not been extensively studied. In this study, BALB/c mice immunocompromised by cyclophosphamide (CY) were used as models to explore the effects of VR on the immunity and antioxidant capacity of mice. The results revealed that VR can restore weight to the immunosuppressed mice to varying degrees, improve spleen and thymus injury, and restore peripheral blood levels. Furthermore, it can effectively promote the proliferation of T and B lymphocytes, natural killer (NK) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) cell activities, and the secretion and mRNA expression of cytokines IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-6, and IL-12 to 0.36, 0.34, 50.25%, 45.74%, 28.36 pg/mL or 0.68, 31.81 pg/mL or 0.74, 20.40 pg/mL or 0.75, and 19.81 pg/mL or 0.55, respectively. Moreover, it can upregulate the phosphorylation level of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in mice immunosuppressed by CY, increase the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), and decrease the level of malondialdehyde (MDA). This study provides a theoretical and experimental basis for the research and development of health products with targeted efficacy, and the development of diversified products in the hawthorn deep-processing industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yilun Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121000, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Wan Ni
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jinzhou Medical College, Jinzhou, 121013, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xin Jin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121000, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jingshuang Li
- College of Veterinary, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121000, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yang Yu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121000, Liaoning Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Immune-enhancing effects of postbiotic produced by Bacillus velezensis Kh2-2 isolated from Korea Foods. Food Res Int 2022; 152:110911. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
24
|
Bai Y, Zeng Z, Xie Z, Chen G, Chen D, Sun Y, Zeng X, Liu Z. Effects of polysaccharides from Fuzhuan brick tea on immune function and gut microbiota of cyclophosphamide-treated mice. J Nutr Biochem 2022; 101:108947. [PMID: 35017006 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.108947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, cyclophosphamide (Cy) was used to treat mice to establish an immunosuppressant model in mice, and the regulatory effects of polysaccharides from Fuzhuan brick tea (FBTPSs) including crude FBTPSs (CFBTPSs) and the purified fraction (FBTPSs-3) on the immune function and gut microbiota of mice were investigated. The results showed that CFBTPSs and FBTPSs-3 restored the levels of body weight, feed intake, immune organ index, cytokine and immunoglobulin A in mice. The Cy-induced injury of gut including intestinal morphology and expression of tight junction proteins were also restored. Furthermore, CFBTPSs and FBTPSs-3 could significantly modulate gut microbiota by increasing the relative abundance of Muribaculaceae and reduceing the relative abundances of Lachnospiraceae, Helicobacteraceae, Clostridaceae, Desulfovibrionaceae and Deferribacteraceae. Moreover, the gut microbiota derived short-chain fatty acids might play an important role in improvement of immune function by FBTPSs. Our results showed that FBTPSs could regulate the immune function of mice, which provided evidences for the development of FBTPSs as potentially functional foods to improve human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Bai
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ziqi Zeng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiyong Xie
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guijie Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dan Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Sun
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoxiong Zeng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Tea Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China; National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Sulfated modification enhances the immunomodulatory effect of Cyclocarya paliurus polysaccharide on cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed mice through MyD88-dependent MAPK/NF-κB and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways. Food Res Int 2021; 150:110756. [PMID: 34865774 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the effect of sulfation on the immunomodulatory effect of Cyclocarya paliurus polysaccharide (CP) through a Cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunosuppression mice model. The results showed that sulfated Cyclocarya paliurus polysaccharide (SCP3) had stronger immunomodulatory ability than CP. Administration of SCP3 alleviated immune organ atrophy and restored hematopoiesis in immunosuppressed mice, enhanced splenocyte proliferation, and promoted cytokines and nitric oxide (NO) production in splenocyte supernatants, as well as the number of CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes. Meantime, SCP3 significantly improved oxidative stress via increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes and decreasing the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in liver. In addition, SCP3 significantly upregulated the phosphorylation expression of JNK, Erk 1/2, p38 of MAPKs signaling pathway at a dose of 50 mg/kg and accordingly showed increased phosphorylation of Akt, NF-κB (p65), IκB-α, and promoted the degradation of IkB-α. Furthermore, SCP3 significantly increased the expression of the upstream signaling molecule MyD88. All results demonstrated that sulfation can be an effective way to enhance the immunomodulatory effect of polysaccharides. SCP3 has high potential to be a functional food supplement candidate for alleviating chemotherapy drug-induced immunosuppression.
Collapse
|
26
|
Jhang SY, Lee SH, Lee EB, Choi JH, Bang S, Jeong M, Jang HH, Kim HJ, Lee HJ, Jeong HC, Lee SJ. Effects of Platycodon grandiflorum on Gut Microbiome and Immune System of Immunosuppressed Mouse. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11120817. [PMID: 34940575 PMCID: PMC8707369 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11120817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Platycodon grandiflorum (PG) is a perennial plant that has been used as a traditional remedy to control immune-related diseases. PG was steamed and dried to improve its taste (PGS). The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of PG and PGS (PG-diets) on the gut microbiome and immune system. We treated PG-diets to immunosuppressed mice via cyclophosphamide (CPA) injection. After two weeks of the supplement, we evaluated specific genera related to body weight and serum immunoglobulin levels and analyzed 16S rRNA sequencing and metagenomics statistical analysis. PG-diets groups showed an increased abundance of microorganisms in immunodeficient mice compared to the control group (NC). Moreover, Akkermansia significantly decreased in response to the CPA in the NC group at the genus level, whereas its abundance increased in the PG-diets groups. We also found that the modulation of the gut microbiome by PG-diets was correlated with body weight, IgA, and IgM levels. The results demonstrate that PG-diets may improve the health benefits of immunosuppressed mice by altering the gut microbiome, though not much difference was found between PG and PGS treatments. Finally, this is the first study showing the effects of PGS-diets on the gut microbiome and immune system as a potential nourishing immunity supplement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- So-Yun Jhang
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Kwan-ak Gu, Seoul 08826, Korea;
| | - Sung-Hyen Lee
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-Gun 55365, Korea; (E.-B.L.); (J.-H.C.); (H.-H.J.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Eun-Byeol Lee
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-Gun 55365, Korea; (E.-B.L.); (J.-H.C.); (H.-H.J.)
| | - Ji-Hye Choi
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-Gun 55365, Korea; (E.-B.L.); (J.-H.C.); (H.-H.J.)
| | - Sohyun Bang
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA;
| | | | - Hwan-Hee Jang
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-Gun 55365, Korea; (E.-B.L.); (J.-H.C.); (H.-H.J.)
| | - Hyun-Ju Kim
- World Institute of Kimchi, Nam-Gu, Gwangju 61755, Korea;
| | - Hae-Jeung Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea;
| | - Hyun-Cheol Jeong
- Food R&D Center, Hyundai Bioland Co., Ltd., Manhae-ro, Danwon, Ansan 15407, Korea; (H.-C.J.); (S.-J.L.)
| | - Sung-Jin Lee
- Food R&D Center, Hyundai Bioland Co., Ltd., Manhae-ro, Danwon, Ansan 15407, Korea; (H.-C.J.); (S.-J.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Cai G, Wusiman A, Gu P, Mao N, Xu S, Zhu T, He J, Liu Z, Wang D. Supplementation of Alhagi honey polysaccharides contributes to the improvement of the intestinal immunity regulating the structure of intestinal flora in mice. Food Funct 2021; 12:9693-9707. [PMID: 34664596 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01860d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Alhagi honey polysaccharides (AH), a main active component of Alhagi honey, are known to possess excellent pharmacological activities and have been widely used as dietary supplements in traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years. This study is aimed to investigate the heath effect of AH on murine intestinal mucosal immune function and composition of the gut microbiome. ICR mice received daily intragastric administration of AH (three dosages, 200 mg kg-1, 400 mg kg-1, and 800 mg kg-1) or saline for 7 consecutive days. Results indicated an improvement in the intestinal barrier function through increases in secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) and β-defensins. Simultaneously, AH also significantly stimulated IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, IFN-γ, and TNF-α cytokine secretion as compared to the control samples. Moreover, hematoxylin and eosin staining showed that AH enhanced the number of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) in the small intestine. An obvious increase in the ratio of IgA+ cells of AH-treatment samples in the lamina propria was also detected by immunohistochemical staining. In addition, the CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell ratio in mesenteric lymph nodes and Peyer's patches in the AH-treatment was significantly higher than that in the control group. Furthermore, 16S rDNA gene sequencing was used to monitor the dynamic changes in the gut microbiota. The result revealed that AH significantly increased the indexes of Shannon and obviously decreased the indexes of Simpson, suggesting the enhancement of the diversity and richness of the intestinal microbiome. Moreover, AH modulated the gut microbiome via increasing the abundance of probiotics and decreasing the levels of pathogenic bacteria. In summary, these results indicated that AH could be used as a prebiotic to enhance murine intestinal mucosal immunity and to modulate the gut microbiome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaofeng Cai
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China. .,MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Adelijiang Wusiman
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830000, China
| | - Pengfei Gu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China. .,MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Ningning Mao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China. .,MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Shuwen Xu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China. .,MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Tianyu Zhu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China. .,MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Jin He
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China. .,MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Zhenguang Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China. .,MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Deyun Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China. .,MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Ma T, Li C, Zhao F, Cao J, Zhang X, Shen X. Effects of co-fermented collagen peptide-jackfruit juice on the immune response and gut microbiota in immunosuppressed mice. Food Chem 2021; 365:130487. [PMID: 34237564 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Recently, the development of fermented foods for ameliorating immunity and gut microbiota has attracted extensive attention. In this study, co-fermented collagen peptide-jackfruit juice was used in immunosuppressed mice to evaluate the immune response and gut microbiota modulatoration. The results showed that co-fermented peptide-jackfruit juice (FPJ) increased anti-oxidant capacity and lactic acid content. FPJ significantly promoted the immune organ (spleen and thymus) indexes, alleviated the injuries of colon tissue and stimulated the secretion of cytokines and immunoglobulins (IgA, IgM, IgG) (P < 0.05). Moreover, FPJ significantly upregulated the gene expression of TNF-α, IL-4, IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-10, T-bet, Foxp3, RORγ and GATA3. Furthermore, FPJ improved gut microbiota composition and elevated the short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) concentration. The relative abundances of pathogenic bacteria decreased while beneficial bacteria increased after administration FPJ. These findings suggested that FPJ could be developed as a promising functional food for immunomodulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Ma
- Hainan Provincial Engineering Research Centre of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in the South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Chuan Li
- Hainan Provincial Engineering Research Centre of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in the South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
| | - Fuqiang Zhao
- Hainan Provincial Engineering Research Centre of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in the South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Jun Cao
- Hainan Provincial Engineering Research Centre of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in the South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xueying Zhang
- Hainan Provincial Engineering Research Centre of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in the South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xuanri Shen
- Hainan Provincial Engineering Research Centre of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in the South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Wei X, Zhang L, Zhang R, Wu R, Petitte JN, Hou Y, Si D, Ahmad B, Guo H, Zhang M, Cheng Q, Tong Y. Targeting the TLR2 Receptor With a Novel Thymopentin-Derived Peptide Modulates Immune Responses. Front Immunol 2021; 12:620494. [PMID: 34122400 PMCID: PMC8191578 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.620494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The innate and adaptive immune systems act in concert to protect us from infectious agents and other harmful substances. As a state of temporary or permanent immune dysfunction, immunosuppression can make an organism more susceptible to infection, organ injury, and cancer due to damage to the immune system. It takes a long time to develop new immunomodulatory agents to prevent and treat immunosuppressive diseases, with slow progress. Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) agonists have been reported as potential immunomodulatory candidates due to their effective activation of immune responses. It has been demonstrated that thymopentin (TP5) could modulate immunity by binding to the TLR2 receptor. However, the fairly short half-life of TP5 greatly reduces its pharmacological potential for immunosuppression therapy. Although peptide cathelicidin 2 (CATH2) has a long half-life, it shows poor immunomodulatory activity and severe cytotoxicity, which seriously hampers its clinical development. Peptide hybridization is an effective approach for the design and engineering of novel functional peptides because hybrid peptides combine the advantages and benefits of various native peptides. In this study, to overcome all these challenges faced by the parental peptides, six hybrid peptides (CaTP, CbTP, CcTP, TPCa, TPCb, and TPCc) were designed by combining the full-length TP5 with different active fragments of CATH2. CbTP, the most potent TLR2 agonist among the six hybrid peptides, was effectively screened through in silico analysis and in vitro experiments. The CbTP peptide exhibited lower cytotoxicity than either CATH2 or TP5. Furthermore, the immunomodulatory effects of CbTP were confirmed in a CTX-immunosuppressed mouse model, which showed that CbTP has increased immunopotentiating activity and physiological stability compared to the parental peptides. CbTP successfully inhibited immunosuppression and weight loss, increased immune organ indices, and improved CD4+/CD8+ T lymphocyte subsets. In addition, CbTP significantly increased the production of the cytokine TNF-α and IL-6, and the immunoglobulins IgA, IgM, and IgG. The immunoenhancing effects of CbTP were attributed to its TLR2-binding activity, promoting the formation of the TLR2 cluster, the activation of the TLR2 receptor, and thus activation of the downstream MyD88-NF-кB signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xubiao Wei
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lulu Zhang
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Rijun Zhang
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Rujuan Wu
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - James N Petitte
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Yanfei Hou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Dayong Si
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Baseer Ahmad
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Henan Guo
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Manyi Zhang
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Cheng
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yucui Tong
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Guo Y, Chen X, Gong P. Classification, structure and mechanism of antiviral polysaccharides derived from edible and medicinal fungus. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 183:1753-1773. [PMID: 34048833 PMCID: PMC8144117 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.05.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The deficiency of chemical-synthesized antiviral drugs when applied in clinical therapy, such as drug resistance, and the lack of effective antiviral drugs to treat some newly emerging virus infections, such as COVID-19, promote the demand of novelty and safety anti-virus drug candidate from natural functional ingredient. Numerous studies have shown that some polysaccharides sourcing from edible and medicinal fungus (EMFs) exert direct or indirect anti-viral capacities. However, the internal connection of fungus type, polysaccharides structural characteristics, action mechanism was still unclear. Herein, our review focus on the two aspects, on the one hand, we discussed the type of anti-viral EMFs and the structural characteristics of polysaccharides to clarify the structure-activity relationship, on the other hand, the directly or indirectly antiviral mechanism of EMFs polysaccharides, including virus function suppression, immune-modulatory activity, anti-inflammatory activity, regulation of population balance of gut microbiota have been concluded to provide a comprehensive theory basis for better clinical utilization of EMFs polysaccharides as anti-viral agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Guo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Xuefeng Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China; Shaanxi Research Institute of Agricultural Product Processing Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Pin Gong
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Berköz M, Yalın S, Özkan-Yılmaz F, Özlüer-Hunt A, Krośniak M, Francik R, Yunusoğlu O, Adıyaman A, Gezici H, Yiğit A, Ünal S, Volkan D, Yıldırım M. Protective effect of myricetin, apigenin, and hesperidin pretreatments on cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2021; 43:353-369. [PMID: 33905277 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2021.1916525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2022]
Abstract
Aim: Major side effects of cyclophosphamide administration are immunosuppression and myelosuppression. The immunomodulatory effects of plant bioactive compounds on chemotherapy drug-induced immunosuppression may have significant effects in cancer treatment. For this reason, we investigated the immunomodulatory effect of myricetin, apigenin, and hesperidin in cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression in rats.Methods: In our study, a total of 64 rats were used, and divided into eight equal groups. These groups were: control, cyclophosphamide, cyclophosphamide + myricetin (100 mg/kg), cyclophosphamide + myricetin (200 mg/kg), cyclophosphamide + apigenin (100 mg/kg), cyclophosphamide + apigenin (200 mg/kg), cyclophosphamide + hesperidin (100 mg/kg), and cyclophosphamide + hesperidin (200 mg/kg). Myricetin, apigenin, and hesperidin pretreatments were performed for 14 d, while cyclophosphamide application (200 mg/kg) was performed only on the 4th day of the study. Levels of humoral antibody production, quantitative hemolysis, macrophage phagocytosis, splenic lymphocyte proliferation, and natural killer cell cytotoxicity were determined. In addition, we measured pro-inflammatory cytokines, and followed lipid peroxidation and antioxidant markers and examined the histology of bone marrow, liver and spleen in all groups.Results: During cyclophosphamide treatment, all three phytochemicals increased the levels of humoral antibody production, quantitative hemolysis, macrophage phagocytosis, splenic lymphocyte proliferation, antioxidant markers, and natural killer cell cytotoxicity. Moreover, the agents decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediators, reduced lipid peroxidation markers, and reduced tissue damage in liver, spleen, and bone marrow.Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that myricetin, apigenin, and hesperidin can reduce the immunosuppressive effect of cyclophosphamide by enhancing both innate and adaptive immune responses, and these compounds may be useful immunomodulatory agents during cancer chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Berköz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - Serap Yalın
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Ferbal Özkan-Yılmaz
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Arzu Özlüer-Hunt
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Mirosław Krośniak
- Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Renata Francik
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Oruç Yunusoğlu
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Adıyaman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - Hava Gezici
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - Ayhan Yiğit
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - Seda Ünal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - Davut Volkan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - Metin Yıldırım
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Vocational School of Health Services, Tarsus University, Mersin, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Elazab MFA, Younes AM, Gaafar AY, Abu-Bryka AZ, Abdel-Daim MM. Immunosuppressive effect of cyclophosphamide in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:20784-20793. [PMID: 33405143 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11893-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cyclophosphamide, a common chemotherapeutic and immune suppressor agent, is regularly used in research to weaken the immune system in laboratory animal models. Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is a widely used experimental fish model for immune-modulatory research; with the lack of knowledge about the immune-compromised tilapia model, an urgent need is to develop and optimise such a model. Sixty healthy Oreochromis niloticus fish, average weight 50 ± 10 g, were divided into four experimental groups. Fish in group I, negative control group, were injected with phosphate-buffered saline only, and fish in groups II, III and IV were injected with cyclophosphamide (CP) at 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight (BW), respectively, via the intraperitoneal route. Different immune-related parameters were investigated 3 weeks after CP injection. The results have revealed a significant decrease in total red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs) and thrombocyte counts and reduced haemoglobin and haematocrit values in CP-treated fish, especially those injected with 200 mg/kg BW compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Also, significantly lower levels of serum proteins (total protein, albumin, α1- and γ-globulins) were observed in CP-treated fish, especially those injected with 200 mg/kg BW in comparison with the control group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, CP-treated fish showed a reduction in the expression of immune-related genes (interleukin-1, and tumour necrosis factor-α in spleen and tumour necrosis factor-α and transforming growth factor β-1 in head-kidney), especially those injected with 200 mg/kg BW compared with the control group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the Oreochromis niloticus immune-suppressed model can be induced by intraperitoneal CP injection at 200 mg/kg BW.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed F A Elazab
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr Elsheikh, 33516, Egypt
| | - Abdelgayed M Younes
- Hydrobiology Department, Veterinary Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Alkhateib Y Gaafar
- Hydrobiology Department, Veterinary Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt.
| | - Alaa Z Abu-Bryka
- Hydrobiology Department, Veterinary Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Chen X, Wang S, Chen G, Wang Z, Kan J. The immunomodulatory effects of Carapax Trionycis ultrafine powder on cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression in Balb/c mice. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:2014-2026. [PMID: 32949169 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are abundant resources of Carapax Trionycis from soft-shelled turtle processing wastes each year in China. Our preliminary work showed that Carapax Trionycis ultrafine powder (CTUP) obtained using ball-milling with a particle size of 2.24 μm (D0.025) contained more active ingredients. The CTUP D0.025 has a good bioaccessibility, but there has been no report about the immunomodulatory function of CTUP. Therefore, using a cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression mice model, we investigated the immunomodulatory effects of CTUP D0.025. RESULTS The results indicated that CTUP D0.025 administration significantly improved the immune organ (bone marrow, thymus and spleen) indices, ameliorated spleen tissue morphology and increased the capacity of splenocyte proliferation and the activity of macrophage phagocytosis. CTUP D0.025 also significantly promoted the secretion of cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, IFN-γ and TNF-α), improved the related mRNA expression levels of IL2, IFN-γ, T-bet and GATA3 in immunosuppressed mice and increased the production of serum hemolysin and the levels of IgG, IgM as well as complement C3 . Moreover, CTUP D0.025 administration enhanced the antioxidant capacity of mice, exhibited a moderating effect on the damage of bone and skeletal muscle and improved the recovery of bone mineral density and calcium metabolism. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrated that CTUP D0.025 had an effective immune-enhancing function in immunosuppressive Balb/c mice and also exhibited anti-osteoporosis properties. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuhui Chen
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products on Storage and Preservation (Chongqing), Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing, PR China
- Chinese-Hungarian Cooperative Research Centre for Food Science, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Shasha Wang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products on Storage and Preservation (Chongqing), Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing, PR China
- Chinese-Hungarian Cooperative Research Centre for Food Science, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Guangjing Chen
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang, PR China
| | - Zhirong Wang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products on Storage and Preservation (Chongqing), Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing, PR China
- Chinese-Hungarian Cooperative Research Centre for Food Science, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Jianquan Kan
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products on Storage and Preservation (Chongqing), Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing, PR China
- Chinese-Hungarian Cooperative Research Centre for Food Science, Chongqing, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
"Dialogue" between Caco-2 and DCs regulated by Ganoderma atrum polysaccharide in intestinal-like Caco-2/DCs co-culture model. Food Res Int 2021; 144:110310. [PMID: 34053519 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The previous research has indicated that Ganoderma atrum polysaccharide (PSG-1) indirectly affects the immune function of dendritic cells (DCs) in intestinal-like Caco-2/DCs co-culture model, in which NF-κB and MAPK pathway play an essential role. To explore the interaction of Caco-2 in the interaction between the intestinal epithelium and its internal immune cells, the intestinal-like Caco-2/DCs co-culture model was developed. All transcripts of Caco-2 treated with or without PSG-1 were globally screened by RNA-seq. The expression of 452 genes regulated by PSG-1 was statistically significant, the counts of up-regulated and down-regulated genes were 198 and 256, respectively. According to KEGG analysis, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and NF-κB signaling pathways of Caco-2 were selected to elucidate the mechanism of interaction between Caco-2/DCs induced by PSG-1. After the addition of TNF-α inhibitor Apremilast and NF-κB inhibitor BAY11-70821 in Caco-2, expression of cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-10), chemokines (RANTES, MIP-1α, MCP-1), and the key proteins of MAPK and NF-κB pathways of DCs were all reduced. In summary, "dialogue" between Caco-2 and DCs was regulated by PSG-1 through TNF-α and NF-κB signaling pathways of Caco-2 in the model.
Collapse
|
35
|
Chang Y, Guo A, Jing Y, Lin J, Sun Y, Kong L, Zheng H, Deng Y. Immunomodulatory activity of puerarin in RAW264.7 macrophages and cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression mice. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2021; 43:223-229. [PMID: 33583301 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2021.1885043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Puerarin, a natural isoflavone extracted from Radix puerariae, is famous for treating various cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. However, little is known about its direct immunomodulatory activity. OBJECTIVE This study was designed to investigate the in vitro and in vivo immunomodulatory effects of Radix puerariae by using the murine monocyte-macrophage cell line RAW264.7 and immunosuppressed cyclophosphamide-induced mice. METHODS MTT and neutral red phagocytosis assays were conducted to evaluate the in vitro immunomodulatory activities of puerarin on cell viability and phagocytosis by measuring the proliferation, phagocytic, nitric oxide (NO) ability, and TNF-α production ability of stimulated and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Immunosuppressed cyclophosphamide-induced mice were used to evaluate the in vivo immunomodulatory activities of puerarin by measuring IL-4 and IFN-γ, the serum half hemolysis value, spleen and thymus index, and proliferation assay for splenic lymphocytes. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Results showed that puerarin improves immunomodulatory activity by increasing cell proliferation, cell phagocytosis, and NO secretion in RAW264.7 macrophages and reduces the abnormal immunologic activity by decreasing cell phagocytosis and NO secretion in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. In addition, puerarin enhanced the immunologic activity of cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression mice by increasing the secretion of NO, IFN-γ, and IL-4, the serum half hemolysis value (HC50), the spleen and thymus index, and proliferation for splenic lymphocytes. CONCLUSION Puerarin exhibited an upregulated immunomodulatory effect on RAW264.7 macrophages and immunosuppression mice. In addition, puerarin had a downregulated immunomodulatory effect on RAW264.7 macrophages. The results suggest that puerarin could be a promising immunomodulator to assist in the treatment of tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuexing Chang
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, P. R. China
| | - Ailing Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, P. R. China
| | - Yanlin Jing
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, P. R. China
| | - Junjie Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, P. R. China
| | - Lulu Kong
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, P. R. China
| | - Haohang Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, P. R. China
| | - Yun Deng
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Zhang L, Wei X, Zhang R, Mozdziak PE, Si D, Ahmad B, Cheng Q, Tong Y. Design and Immunological Evaluation of a Hybrid Peptide as a Potent TLR2 Agonist by Structure-Based Virtual Screening. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:620370. [PMID: 33644058 PMCID: PMC7905067 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.620370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunity is a versatile defensive response that is involved in protecting against disease by identifying and destroying self and non-self harmful substances. As a state of temporary or permanent immune dysfunction, immunosuppression can make an organism more susceptible to infection, organ injury, and cancer due to damage to the immune system. It has taken a long time to develop new immunomodulatory agents to prevent and treat immunosuppressive diseases. In recent years, Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) agonists have been reported to have profound effects on the immune system, and they are regarded as potent immunomodulatory candidates. TP5 and LL-37, the potent immunomodulatory agents, have been reported to produce a robust innate immune response by binding to TLR2. However, their development has been weakened by several concerns, such as potential cytotoxicity, weak physiological stability and poor immunomodulatory activity. To overcome these challenges, hybridization has been proposed. Therefore, six hybrid peptides (LTPa, LTPb, LTPc, TPLa, TPLb, and TPLc) were designed by combining the full-length TP5 with a characteristic fragment of LL-37 that included LL-37 (13-36), LL-37 (17-29), and LL-37 (13-31). LTPa, the most potent TLR2 agonist, was simply and effectively screened by molecular docking and in vitro experiments. Furthermore, the immunomodulatory effects of LTPa were confirmed by a CTX-immunosuppressed murine model, which demonstrated that LTPa successfully inhibit immunosuppression, increased immune organ indices, enhanced DC maturation, regulated T lymphocyte subsets, and increased cytokine and Ig contents. Our study also revealed that the immunomodulatory effects of LTPa are associated with binding to TLR2, forming TLR2 clusters, and activating the NF-κB signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xubiao Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Prestage Department of Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Rijun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Paul E Mozdziak
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Dayong Si
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Baseer Ahmad
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yucui Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Mechanism of Intestinal Flora and Proteomics on Regulating Immune Function of Durio zibethinus Rind Polysaccharide. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/6614028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In this study, cyclophosphamide was injected intraperitoneally to establish an immunosuppressive mouse model to study the immune regulating effects of Durio zibethinus Murr rind polysaccharide (DZMP) through proteomics and intestinal flora. The results showed that the thymus and spleen indexes of the high-dose DZMP (200 mg/kg) group were significantly increased, and the tissue structure of the spleen was improved compared with the model group (
). The contents of IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, and TNF-α in the high-dose group of DZMP were significantly increased (
). Activities of acid phosphatase (ACP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) were increased in serum (
). In the liver, catalase (CAT) activity was increased (
) while the malondialdehyde (MDA) content was decreased and immune activity was increased (
). Proteomics studies showed that the drug group could significantly increase the low-affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc receptor III (FcγRIII) protein and protein kinase C-α (PKC-α) compared with the model group (
). In addition, the result showed that those proteins were likely involved in the regulation of the metabolic pathways of autoimmune thyroid disease, Staphylococcus aureus infection, and NF-κB signaling pathway. Intestinal microbial studies showed that short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) content was increased as well as the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria Akkermansia, Bacteroides, and Paraprevotella, while the relative abundance of Ruminococcus and Oscillospira was decreased compared with the model group (
). The results showed that DZMP might play a beneficial role in immune regulation by improving intestinal flora.
Collapse
|
38
|
Dai J, Chen J, Qi J, Ding M, Liu W, Shao T, Han J, Wang G. Konjac Glucomannan from Amorphophallus konjac enhances immunocompetence of the cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed mice. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:728-735. [PMID: 33598158 PMCID: PMC7866624 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
This present study was designed to evaluate the immunomodulatory activity of Konjac glucomannan (KGM) on immunosuppressed mice induced by cyclophosphamide (CTX) treatment. The mice immunodeficiency model was established by CTX. KGM was used to modulate the activities of immunosuppressive mice. It was proved that KGM could promote the proliferation of lymphocyte, thymus, and spleen indices, and alleviate the atrophy of immune organs and weight loss. Besides, in mice serum, the levels of cytokines including TNF-α, IgG, IL-2, and the contents of hemolysin were also increased after treatment with KGM. Furtherly, in nonspecific immunity, KGM could enhance natural killer (NK) cell lethality and pinocytic activity of mouse peritoneal macrophages. Therefore, all of these results revealed that KGM could improve the reduced immunity of CTX-induced mice via modulation innate immunity and adaptive immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Dai
- School of Public HealthWannan Medical CollegeWuhuChina
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re‐evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines in Southern Anhui, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological MacromoleculesWuhuChina
| | - Jian Chen
- School of Public HealthWannan Medical CollegeWuhuChina
| | - Jun Qi
- College of Tea & Food Science and TechnologyAnhui Engineering Laboratory for Agro‐products ProcessingAnhui Agricultural UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Mengru Ding
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re‐evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines in Southern Anhui, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological MacromoleculesWuhuChina
- School of Pharmacy, Drug Research & Development CenterWannan Medical CollegeWuhuChina
| | - Wei Liu
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re‐evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines in Southern Anhui, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological MacromoleculesWuhuChina
- School of Pharmacy, Drug Research & Development CenterWannan Medical CollegeWuhuChina
| | - Taili Shao
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re‐evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines in Southern Anhui, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological MacromoleculesWuhuChina
- School of Pharmacy, Drug Research & Development CenterWannan Medical CollegeWuhuChina
| | - Jun Han
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re‐evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines in Southern Anhui, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological MacromoleculesWuhuChina
- School of Pharmacy, Drug Research & Development CenterWannan Medical CollegeWuhuChina
| | - Guodong Wang
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re‐evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines in Southern Anhui, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological MacromoleculesWuhuChina
- School of Pharmacy, Drug Research & Development CenterWannan Medical CollegeWuhuChina
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Bai Y, Huang F, Zhang R, Ma Q, Dong L, Su D, Chi J, Zhang M. Longan pulp polysaccharide protects against cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression in mice by promoting intestinal secretory IgA synthesis. Food Funct 2021; 11:2738-2748. [PMID: 32175536 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo02780g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the effect of longan pulp polysaccharide (LP) on the systemic immunity and intestinal mucosal immunity of immunosuppressive mice. The synthesis process and secretion of intestinal secretory IgA (SIgA) were investigated. Results showed that LP increased the thymus index, spleen index, and serum IgA level in cyclophosphamide (CTX)-treated mice. SIgA secretion in the intestinal lumen was increased by LP as well. The underlying mechanism comes down to the facts as follow: LP increased intestinal cytokines expression and TGFβRII that is associated with pathways of IgA class switch recombination (CSR). By improving protein expression of mucosal addressin cell-adhesion molecule-1 (MAdCAM-1) and integrin α4β7, LP was beneficial to gut homing of IgA+ plasma cells. LP increased IgA, polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR), and secretory component (SC) to fortify the SIgA secretion. This study suggested that moderate consumption of LP is helpful for improving systemic immunity and intestinal mucosal immunity via promotion of intestinal SIgA to strengthen the mucosal barrier.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yajuan Bai
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, PR China.
| | - Fei Huang
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, PR China.
| | - Ruifen Zhang
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, PR China.
| | - Qin Ma
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, PR China.
| | - Lihong Dong
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, PR China.
| | - Dongxiao Su
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Jianwei Chi
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, PR China.
| | - Mingwei Zhang
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Protective Role of a New Polysaccharide Extracted from Lonicera japonica Thunb in Mice with Ulcerative Colitis Induced by Dextran Sulphate Sodium. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:8878633. [PMID: 33490281 PMCID: PMC7801063 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8878633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lonicera japonica Thunb is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine for treating intestinal inflammation. The extraction method of Lonicera japonica Thunb polysaccharide (LJP) has been developed previously by our research group. In this study, a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR) was used to perform a qualitative analysis of LJP and a precolumn derivatization high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) ((Palo Alto, CA, USA) method was used to explore the monosaccharide composition of LJP. Then, we studied the effect of LJP on the intestinal flora and immune functions of dextran sulfate sodium- (DSS-) induced colitis ulcerative mouse models. The results showed that LJP was consisted of 6 types of monosaccharides and had the characteristic absorption of typical polysaccharides. LJP can increase significantly the weight, organ index, serum cytokines (interleukin, tumor necrosis factor, and interferon-γ), secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) concentration, and natural killer (NK) cell and cytotoxic lymphocyte (CTL) activities in DSS-treated mice. The results of intestinal flora showed that a high dose (150 mg kg−1) of LJP had the best effects on improving the intestinal probiotics (Bifidobacterium and Lactobacilli) and antagonizing the pathogenic bacteria (Escherichia coli and Enterococcus). In addition, the measurement results of the spleen lymphocyte apoptosis confirmed from another perspective that LJP had protective effects of immune cells for DSS-treated mice.
Collapse
|
41
|
Wu F, Huang H. Surface morphology and protective effect of Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide on cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression in mice. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 251:116930. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
42
|
Liu YQ, Wang XL, He DH, Cheng YX. Protection against chemotherapy- and radiotherapy-induced side effects: A review based on the mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities of phytochemicals. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 80:153402. [PMID: 33203590 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although great achievements have been made in the field of cancer therapy, chemotherapy and radiotherapy remain the mainstay cancer therapeutic modalities. However, they are associated with various side effects, including cardiocytotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, myelosuppression, neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, gastrointestinal toxicity, mucositis, and alopecia, which severely affect the quality of life of cancer patients. Plants harbor a great chemical diversity and flexible biological properties that are well-compatible with their use as adjuvant therapy in reducing the side effects of cancer therapy. PURPOSE This review aimed to comprehensively summarize the molecular mechanisms by which phytochemicals ameliorate the side effects of cancer therapies and their potential clinical applications. METHODS We obtained information from PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science, and Google scholar, and introduced the molecular mechanisms by which chemotherapeutic drugs and irradiation induce toxic side effects. Accordingly, we summarized the underlying mechanisms of representative phytochemicals in reducing these side effects. RESULTS Representative phytochemicals exhibit a great potential in reducing the side effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy due to their broad range of biological activities, including antioxidation, antimutagenesis, anti-inflammation, myeloprotection, and immunomodulation. However, since a majority of the phytochemicals have only been subjected to preclinical studies, clinical trials are imperative to comprehensively evaluate their therapeutic values. CONCLUSION This review highlights that phytochemicals have interesting properties in relieving the side effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Future studies are required to explore the clinical benefits of these phytochemicals for exploitation in chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Qiang Liu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China; Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resources Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Xiao-Lu Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Dan-Hua He
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China; Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resources Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yong-Xian Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Immunostimulatory Effects of Polysaccharides from Spirulina platensis In Vivo and Vitro and Their Activation Mechanism on RAW246.7 Macrophages. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18110538. [PMID: 33126624 PMCID: PMC7692637 DOI: 10.3390/md18110538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, Spirulina platensis (S.p.) polysaccharide (PSP) was obtained by ultrasonic-microwave-assisted extraction (UMAE) and purified by an aqueous two-phase system (ATPS). Two different methods were applied to purified Spirulina platensis (S.p.) polysaccharide (PSP), respectively, due to PSP as a complex multi-component system. Three polysaccharide fractions (PSP-1, PSP-2, and PSP-3) with different acidic groups were obtained after PSP was fractionated by the diethyl aminoethyl (DEAE)-52 cellulose chromatography, and two polysaccharide fractions (PSP-L and PSP-H) with different molecular weight were obtained by ultrafiltration centrifugation. The chemoprotective effects of PSP in cyclophosphamide (Cy) treated mice were investigated. The results showed that PSP could significantly increase spleen and thymus index, peripheral white blood cells (PWBC), and peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). The in vivo immunostimulatory assays demonstrated that PSP could in dose-dependent increase of TNF-α, IL-10, and IFN-γ production in sera. The in vitro immunostimulatory assays showed that PSP and its fractions (PSPs) could evidently enhance the proliferation of splenocytes and RAW 264.7 cells and increase the productions of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin 6 (IL-6). PSPs could also enhance phagocytic activity of RAW 264.7 cells. The acidic polysaccharide fractions of PSP-2, PSP-3, and PSP-L with small molecular weight had the higher immunostimulatory activity. Signaling pathway research results indicated that PSP-L activated RAW264.7 cells through MAPKs, NF-κB signaling pathways via TLR4 receptor.
Collapse
|
44
|
Shang J, Wan F, Zhao L, Meng X, Li B. Potential Immunomodulatory Activity of a Selected Strain Bifidobacterium bifidum H3-R2 as Evidenced in vitro and in Immunosuppressed Mice. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:2089. [PMID: 32983062 PMCID: PMC7491056 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.02089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The microbiota is directly involved in the development and modulation of the intestinal immune system. In particular, members of the genus Bifidobacterium play a primary role in immune regulation. In the present study, Bifidobacterium bifidum H3-R2 was screened from 15 bifidobacterium strains by in vitro experiment, showing a positive tolerance to digestive tract conditions, adhesion ability to intestinal epithelial cells and a regulatory effect on immune cell activity. Immunostimulatory activity of B. bifidum H3-R2 was also elucidated in vivo in cytoxan (CTX)-treated mice. The results showed that the administration of B. bifidum H3-R2 ameliorated the CTX-induced bodyweight loss and imbalanced expression of inflammatory cytokines, enhanced the production of secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA), and promoted splenic lymphocyte proliferation, natural killer (NK) cell activity and phagocytosis of macrophages in immunosuppressed mice. In addition, B. bifidum H3-R2 restored injured intestinal mucosal, and increased the villus length and crypt depth in CTX-treated mice. The results could be helpful for understanding the functions of B. bifidum H3-R2, supporting its potential as a novel probiotic for immunoregulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiacui Shang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Feng Wan
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Le Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiangchen Meng
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,School of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Bailiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,School of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Polysaccharides from Hemp Seed Protect against Cyclophosphamide-Induced Intestinal Oxidative Damage via Nrf2-Keap1 Signaling Pathway in Mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:1813798. [PMID: 32908623 PMCID: PMC7468657 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1813798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Hemp seed has been used as a traditional oriental medicine and health food in China for centuries. Polysaccharides from hemp seed (HSP) exhibit important properties of intestinal protection, but there are limited data on the specific underlying mechanism. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the protective effect of HSP on intestinal oxidative damage induced by cyclophosphamide (Cy) in mice. The results showed that pretreatment with HSP significantly increased the average daily gain, thymus index, spleen index, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in serum and ileal homogenate and significantly reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) content in ileal homogenate. In addition, the expression levels of SOD, GSH-Px, Nrf2, heme oxidase-1 (HO-1), and quinoneoxidoreductase-1 (NQO1) mRNA in ileal homogenate were significantly increased. Western blot results showed that HSP significantly upregulated the expression of Nrf2 protein and downregulated the expression of Keap1 protein in the ileum. Collectively, our findings indicated that HSP had protective effects on intestinal oxidative damage induced by Cy in mice, and its mechanism might be related to the activation of Nrf2-Keap1 signaling pathway.
Collapse
|
46
|
Lam CS, Cheng LP, Zhou LM, Cheung YT, Zuo Z. Herb-drug interactions between the medicinal mushrooms Lingzhi and Yunzhi and cytotoxic anticancer drugs: a systematic review. Chin Med 2020; 15:75. [PMID: 32724333 PMCID: PMC7382813 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-020-00356-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lingzhi and Yunzhi are medicinal mushrooms commonly used with cytotoxic chemotherapy in cancer patients in Asian countries. The current systematic review aims to identify potential pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic interactions from the existing literature to ensure their effective and safe combination usage in cancer patients. METHODS A systematic search was conducted on nine major Chinese and English databases, including China Journal Net, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, and Ovid MEDLINE®, etc., to identify clinical, animal, and in-vitro studies that evaluate the effect of combined use of Lingzhi or Yunzhi with cytotoxic drugs. The Jadad scale was used to assess the quality of clinical studies. RESULTS This search identified 213 studies, including 77 clinical studies that reported on the combined use of cytotoxic drugs with Yunzhi (n = 56) or Lingzhi (n = 21). Majority of these clinical studies demonstrated modest methodological quality. In clinical practice, the most commonly used cytotoxic drugs with Lingzhi were cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and paclitaxel, whereas Tegafur/uracil (UFT)/Tegafur, 5-FU, and mitomycin were the ones used more often with Yunzhi. Only two clinical pharmacokinetic studies were available showing no significant interactions between Polysaccharide K (PSK) and Tegafur. From the pharmacodynamic interactions perspective, combination uses of Yunzhi/Lingzhi with cytotoxic drugs in clinical practice could lead to improvement in survival (n = 31) and quality of life (n = 17), reduction in tumor lesions (n = 22), immune modulation (n = 38), and alleviation of chemotherapy-related side effects (n = 14) with no reported adverse effects. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that the clinical combination use of Lingzhi or Yunzhi with cytotoxic drugs could enhance the efficacy and ameliorate the adverse effects of cytotoxic drugs, leading to improved quality of life in cancer patients. More high quality clinical studies including pharmacokinetic herb-drug interactions studies are warranted to verify these observations and mechanisms involved. Based on the high quality clinical data, pharmacoepidemiology methods and bioinformatics or data mining could be adopt for further identification of clinical meaningful herb-drug interactions in cancer therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun Sing Lam
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lok Pui Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Min Zhou
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon City, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yin Ting Cheung
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhong Zuo
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Antioxidant potential of Carica papaya Linn (Caricaceae) leaf extract in mice with cyclophosphamide induced oxidative stress. SCIENTIA MEDICA 2020. [DOI: 10.15448/1980-6108.2020.1.34702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS: This study aimed to investigate the effects of crude extract of Carica papaya leaves on oxidative stress in mice induced by cyclophosphamide, as well as phytochemical profile characterization of this extract.METHODS: The male Swiss mice received 15 days of treatment with the extract (500 mg kg-1, via gavage) and intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide (75 mg kg-1) or saline (0.9%) on the 15th day. After 24 h the last treatment, the animals were anesthetized for blood withdrawal, sacrificed and removal of the organs for analyses (liver, kidney and heart). In the biochemical tests were determined: hematological parameters in blood, aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatase, glucose and total cholesterol dosages in plasma, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants and lipid damage marker were evaluated in different tissues, besides genotoxic and histopathological analyzes.RESULTS: In the extract of Carica papaya leaves, the flavonoids quercetin-3β-D-glucoside and rutin were identified, besides present positive results for alkaloids, saponins and tannins. This extract increased the activity of glutathione-S-transferase and catalase enzymes in the liver and reduced the levels of reduced glutathione in the kidneys and hematocrit levels, red cell count, and hemoglobin. It promoted the decrease of the reactive species of thiobarbituric acid (TBARS) in the kidneys and the activity of enzyme aspartate aminotransferase in the plasma and was antimutagenic in the micronucleus test.CONCLUSIONS: The study showed that extract of Carica papaya was beneficial against oxidative events and prevented DNA damage. The extract also showed hepatotoxicity, therefore prolonged infusion of papaya leaves is not advisable.
Collapse
|
48
|
Immunostimulatory Activity of Black Rice Bran in Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunosuppressed Rats. Nat Prod Commun 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x20934919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Black rice bran extract (BRBE), containing various biologically active compounds, such as anthocyanin, has antioxidant activity and numerous pharmacological effects. Here, we aimed to confirm the immunostimulatory effects of BRBE in cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced immunosuppressed cells. Our results confirmed that BRBE exerted an immunostimulatory effect. In vitro, BRBE treatment enhanced cell proliferation, activity of natural killer cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes, and production of CP-repressed cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon-γ, interleukin (IL)-2, and IL-12, and immunoglobulins G and A in isolated splenocytes. Additionally, in vivo, BRBE treatment increased the number of immune cells, such as white blood cells, lymphocyte counts, mid-range absolute counts, and neutrophils in CP-induced immunosuppressed rats. Furthermore, BRBE increased the serum levels of abovementioned inflammatory cytokines and immunoglobulins in CP-induced immunosuppressed rats. In addition, BRBE protected against CP-mediated spleen and thymic tissue damage. Our findings suggest that BRBE could be potentially used as a component of functional food for immunity enhancement.
Collapse
|
49
|
Wen J, Ma L, Xu Y, Wu J, Yu Y, Peng J, Tang D, Zou B, Li L. Effects of probiotic litchi juice on immunomodulatory function and gut microbiota in mice. Food Res Int 2020; 137:109433. [PMID: 33233115 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Development new functional foods containing probiotics had gained much attention during the past two decades. In this study, probiotic litchi juice was developed, and its effects on immunomodulatory function and gut microbiota were evaluated. Firstly, the litchi juice was fermented with Lactobacillus casei, which increased total phenolic, total flavone, and exopolysaccharide contents of the litchi juice. Hence, the immunomodulatory influence of fermented litchi juice (FL) was investigated in cyclophosphamide-induced mice. The results showed that FL enhanced immune organs indexes (spleen, thymus) and antioxidant capacity, improved the secretions of cytokines (IL-2, IL-6) and immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG, SIgA), and protected the intestinal tract. Finally, the effect of FL on gut microbiota was analyzed by high-throughput sequencing analysis. The changes in the relative abundance of dominant microbe were investigated at phylum and genus levels, respectively. After treatment with FL, the relative abundance of Firmicutes phylum was dramatically increased, as well as the genera of Faecalibaculum, Lactobacillus, and Akkermansia. These findings indicated that probiotic litchi juice could alleviate immune dysfunction and modify gut microbiota structure of mice, which provide a potential functional food to improve the host health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wen
- Sericultural & Argi-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, No. 133 Yiheng Street., Dongguanzhuang Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510610, China
| | - Lan Ma
- Sericultural & Argi-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, No. 133 Yiheng Street., Dongguanzhuang Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510610, China
| | - Yujuan Xu
- Sericultural & Argi-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, No. 133 Yiheng Street., Dongguanzhuang Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510610, China
| | - Jijun Wu
- Sericultural & Argi-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, No. 133 Yiheng Street., Dongguanzhuang Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510610, China
| | - Yuanshan Yu
- Sericultural & Argi-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, No. 133 Yiheng Street., Dongguanzhuang Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510610, China
| | - Jian Peng
- Sericultural & Argi-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, No. 133 Yiheng Street., Dongguanzhuang Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510610, China
| | - Daobang Tang
- Sericultural & Argi-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, No. 133 Yiheng Street., Dongguanzhuang Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510610, China
| | - Bo Zou
- Sericultural & Argi-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, No. 133 Yiheng Street., Dongguanzhuang Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510610, China
| | - Lu Li
- Sericultural & Argi-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, No. 133 Yiheng Street., Dongguanzhuang Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510610, China.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Chen Z, Liu J, Kong X, Li H. Characterization and Immunological Activities of Polysaccharides from Polygonatum sibiricum. Biol Pharm Bull 2020; 43:959-967. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b19-00978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhangbao Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University
| | - Jiaojiao Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University
| | - Xia Kong
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University
| | - Hui Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University
| |
Collapse
|