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Vutharadhi S, Ranganatha KS, Nadimpalli SK. Momordica charantia seed proteins - Purification, biochemical characterization of a class II α-mannosidase isoenzyme and its interaction with the lectin and protein body membrane. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 248:126022. [PMID: 37506790 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Momordica charantia seeds contain a galactose specific lectin and mixture of glycosidases. These bind to lectin-affigel at pH 5.0 and are all eluted at pH 8.0. From the mixture, α-mannosidase was separated by gel filtration (purified enzyme Mr ∼ 238 kDa). In native PAGE (silver staining) it showed three bands that stained with methylumbelliferyl substrate (possible isoforms). Ion exchange chromatography separated two isoforms in 0.5 M eluates and one isoform in 1.0 M eluate. In SDS-PAGE it dissociated to Mr ∼70 and 45 kDa subunits, showing antigenic similarity to jack bean enzyme. MALDI analysis confirmed the 70 kDa band to be α-mannosidase with sequence identity to the genomic sequence of Momordica charantia enzyme (score 83, 29 % sequence coverage). The pH, temperature optima were 5.0 and 60o C respectively. Kinetic parameters KM and Vmax estimated with p-nitrophenyl α-mannopyranoside were 0.85 mM and 12.1 U/mg respectively. Swainsonine inhibits the enzyme activity (IC50 value was 50 nM). Secondary structural analysis at far UV (190-300 nm) showed 11.6 % α-helix and 36.5 % β-sheets. 2.197 mg of the enzyme was found to interact with 3.75 mg of protein body membrane at pH 5.0 and not at pH 8.0 suggesting a pH dependent interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivaranjani Vutharadhi
- Protein Biochemistry and Glycobiology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Kavyashree Sakharayapatna Ranganatha
- Protein Biochemistry and Glycobiology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Siva Kumar Nadimpalli
- Protein Biochemistry and Glycobiology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India.
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Liu YM, Shahed-Al-Mahmud M, Chen X, Chen TH, Liao KS, Lo JM, Wu YM, Ho MC, Wu CY, Wong CH, Jan JT, Ma C. A Carbohydrate-Binding Protein from the Edible Lablab Beans Effectively Blocks the Infections of Influenza Viruses and SARS-CoV-2. Cell Rep 2020; 32:108016. [PMID: 32755598 PMCID: PMC7380208 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) and coronavirus spike (S) protein mediate virus entry. HA and S proteins are heavily glycosylated, making them potential targets for carbohydrate binding agents such as lectins. Here, we show that the lectin FRIL, isolated from hyacinth beans (Lablab purpureus), has anti-influenza and anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity. FRIL can neutralize 11 representative human and avian influenza strains at low nanomolar concentrations, and intranasal administration of FRIL is protective against lethal H1N1 infection in mice. FRIL binds preferentially to complex-type N-glycans and neutralizes viruses that possess complex-type N-glycans on their envelopes. As a homotetramer, FRIL is capable of aggregating influenza particles through multivalent binding and trapping influenza virions in cytoplasmic late endosomes, preventing their nuclear entry. Remarkably, FRIL also effectively neutralizes SARS-CoV-2, preventing viral protein production and cytopathic effect in host cells. These findings suggest a potential application of FRIL for the prevention and/or treatment of influenza and COVID-19. FRIL is a plant lectin with potent anti-influenza and anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity FRIL preferentially binds to complex-type N-glycans on viral glycoproteins FRIL inhibits influenza virus entry by sequestering virions in late endosomes Intranasal administration of FRIL protects against lethal H1N1 challenge in mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Yo-Min Liu
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan; Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | | | - Xiaorui Chen
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Hua Chen
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Shiang Liao
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Jennifer M Lo
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Min Wu
- Institute of Biological Chemistry and Cryo-EM Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Chiao Ho
- Institute of Biological Chemistry and Cryo-EM Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Yi Wu
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Huey Wong
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Tsrong Jan
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Che Ma
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan.
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Ali MJ, Venugopal A, Ranganath KS, Jagannadham MV, Nadimpalli SK. Soluble glycoproteins of the lacrimal sac: role in defense with special reference to prolactin-inducible protein (PIP). Orbit 2019; 38:279-284. [PMID: 30212270 DOI: 10.1080/01676830.2018.1514640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: Glycoproteins play an important role in human mucosal defenses and immunity-related cell-to-cell interactions. The aim of the present study is to investigate the presence and patterns of lacrimal sac glycoproteins involved in defense mechanisms with a special reference to prolactin-inducible protein (PIP). Methods: The study was performed on healthy lacrimal sacs obtained from exenteration samples immediately after surgery and frozen at -80 degrees for subsequent analysis. Four lectins namely Concanavalin A (Con A), Dolichos lablab lectin (DLL), Wheat Germ agglutinin (WGA), and Momordica charantia lectin (MCL) were purified by affinity chromatography. Soluble proteins extract of the lacrimal sac was subjected to chromatography on lectin-affigel columns. Eluted samples from each of the lectin coupled-affigels were analyzed by 10% SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and the protein bands were visualized using Coomassie blue stain. The protein gel bands were further subjected to mass spectrometry for glycoprotein analysis. Results: Mass spectrometry identified several glycoproteins from the lacrimal sac extracts, with known roles in defense mechanisms. The number of such glycoproteins identified were 9 each from Con A and DLL-I affinity eluted gel bands and 8 and 14 from MCL and WGA affinity eluted gel bands, respectively. Interestingly, PIP was detected in significant proportions in all the eluted gel bands with WGA showing the highest expression. Conclusions: This study is the first step towards the lacrimal sac glycoprotein profiling. PIP could be a major lead for further work on the etiopathogenesis of lacrimal drainage obstructions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Javed Ali
- a Govindram Seksaria Institute of Dacryology, L.V.Prasad Eye Institute , Hyderabad , India
- b Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad , Hyderabad , India
| | - Ashapogu Venugopal
- b Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad , Hyderabad , India
| | | | | | - Siva Kumar Nadimpalli
- b Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad , Hyderabad , India
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B S GK, Surolia A. Comprehensive analysis of α 2-3-linked sialic acid specific Maackia amurensis leukagglutinin reveals differentially occupied N-glycans and C-terminal processing. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 94:114-121. [PMID: 27720757 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Seeds of Maackia amurensis constitutes two sialic acid specific agglutinins known as leukagglutinin and hemagglutinin. Maackia amurensis leukagglutinin (MAL) recognizes α2-3-linked sialic acid present mainly in N-glycans and composed of two disulfide linked monomers. It exhibits potential N-glycosylation sites (four PNGs) which have been assumed to undergo differential occupancy. In this study we have characterized the site specific macro- and microheterogeneity of monomers in detail by analysing N-glycopeptides and peptides through liquid chromatography coupled to ion trap mass spectrometer in MS3 mode (LC-MSn). We observed the presence of mainly paucimannose N-glycans at Asn61, Asn113 and Asn191 whereas a high mannose type with varying Man5-9 occurs at Asn179. Interestingly Asn179 and Asn191 exhibited differential occupancy which was evident by the presence of non-glycosylated peptides. This has contributed to the difference in molecular mass of monomers upon SDS-PAGE. Further the presence of disulfide linked peptides confirmed the covalent linkage of monomers which also undergoes uniform C-terminal processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gnanesh Kumar B S
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India
| | - Avadhesha Surolia
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India.
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Gnanesh Kumar BS, Surolia A. Site specific N-glycan profiling of NeuAc(α2-6)-Gal/GalNAc-binding bark Sambucus nigra agglutinin using LC–MSn revealed differential glycosylation. Glycoconj J 2016; 33:907-915. [DOI: 10.1007/s10719-016-9698-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Wu J, Wang J, Wang S, Rao P. Lunatin, a novel lectin with antifungal and antiproliferative bioactivities from Phaseolus lunatus billb. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 89:717-24. [PMID: 27164500 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.04.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A novel lectin with a molecular mass of 24.3kDa, designated Lunatin, was isolated from edible seeds of Phaseolus lunatus billb. The purification scheme consisted of ammonium sulfate precipitation, affinity chromatography, ion exchange chromatography, and gel filtration chromatography. The lectin is a glycoprotein, as determined by staining with periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), and its N-terminal amino acid sequence was determined to be DAVIYRGPGDLHTGS. Lunatin exhibited hemagglutinating activity towards human blood group A erythrocytes, which was mostly preserved up to 50°C and retained at ambient temperature at pH 2.0-11.0. d-fructose, d-galactose, d-glucose, and mannitol were capable of inhibiting its hemagglutinating activity. Lunatin was found to be a metal-dependent protein, as its activity was inhibited by the metallic compounds K2Cr2O7, SnCl2, and LiCl, though it was unaffected by MgCl2, ZnCl2, BaCl2, CuCl2, FeCl3, or CaCl2. In addition, Lunatin exerted potent antifungal activity toward a variety of fungal species, including Sclerotium rolfsii, Physalospora piricola, Fusarium oxysporum, and Botrytis cinerea. Finally, proliferation of K562 leukemia cells was strongly inhibited by Lunatin, with an IC50 of 13.7μM, whereas HeLa and HepG2 cells were only weakly affected. These findings further the identification and understanding of functional factors in edible plant seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhong Wu
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Minhou District, Fuzhou 350108, China; Department of Food Science and Engineering, Shanghai Food Safety and Engineering Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Minhou District, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Shaoyun Wang
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Minhou District, Fuzhou 350108, China.
| | - Pingfan Rao
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Minhou District, Fuzhou 350108, China
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Pohlentz G, Marx K, Mormann M. Characterization of Protein N-Glycosylation by Analysis of ZIC-HILIC-Enriched Intact Proteolytic Glycopeptides. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1394:163-179. [PMID: 26700048 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3341-9_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Zwitterionic hydrophilic interaction chromatography (ZIC-HILIC) solid-phase extraction (SPE) combined with direct-infusion nanoESI mass spectrometry (MS) and tandem MS/MS is a well-suited method for the analysis of protein N-glycosylation. A site-specific characterization of N-glycopeptides is achieved by the combination of proteolytic digestions employing unspecific proteases, glycopeptide enrichment by use of ZIC-HILIC SPE, and subsequent mass spectrometric analysis. The use of thermolysin or a mixture of trypsin and chymotrypsin leads per se to a mass-based separation, that is, small nonglycosylated peptides and almost exclusively glycopeptides at higher m/z values. As a result of their higher hydrophilicity N-glycopeptides comprising short peptide backbones are preferably accumulated by the ZIC-HILIC-based separation procedure. By employing this approach complications associated with low ionization efficiencies of N-glycopeptides resulting from signal suppression in the presence of highly abundant nonglycosylated peptides can be largely reduced. Here, we describe a simple protocol aimed at the enrichment of N-glycopeptides derived from in-solution and in-gel digestions of SDS-PAGE-separated glycoproteins preceding mass spectrometric analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gottfried Pohlentz
- Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Strasse 41, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Kristina Marx
- Bruker Daltonik GmbH, Fahrenheitstrasse 4, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Michael Mormann
- Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Strasse 41, 48149, Münster, Germany.
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Pietrzyk AJ, Bujacz A, Mak P, Potempa B, Niedziela T. Structural studies of Helix aspersa agglutinin complexed with GalNAc: A lectin that serves as a diagnostic tool. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 81:1059-68. [PMID: 26416237 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.09.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2015] [Revised: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lectins belong to a differentiated group of proteins known to possess sugar-binding properties. Due to this fact, they are interesting research targets in medical diagnostics. Helix aspersa agglutinin (HAA) is a lectin that recognizes the epitopes containing α-d-N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc), which is present at the surface of metastatic cancer cells. Although several reports have already described the use of HAA as a diagnostic tool, this protein was not characterized on the molecular level. Here, we present for the first time the structural information about lectin isolated from mucus of Helix aspersa (garden snail). The amino acid sequence of this agglutinin was determined by Edman degradation and tertiary as well as quaternary structure by X-ray crystallography. The high resolution crystal structure (1.38Å) and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry analysis provide the detailed information about a large part of the HAA natural glycan chain. The topology of the GalNAc binding cleft and interaction with lectin are very well defined in the structure and fully confirmed by STD HSQC NMR spectroscopy. Together, this provides structural clues regarding HAA specificity and opens possibilities to rational modifications of this important diagnostic tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka J Pietrzyk
- Institute of Technical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 4/10, Lodz 90-924, Poland
| | - Anna Bujacz
- Institute of Technical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 4/10, Lodz 90-924, Poland.
| | - Paweł Mak
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7A, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Barbara Potempa
- University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, 501 South Preston Street, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Tomasz Niedziela
- Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Rudolfa Weigla 12, Wrocław 53-114, Poland
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