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Chen L, Gao T, Wu X, He M, Wang X, Teng F, Li Y. Polycarboxylate functionalized magnetic nanoparticles Fe 3O 4@SiO 2@CS-COOH: Preparation, characterization, and immobilization of bovine serum albumin. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129617. [PMID: 38266861 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticles with increasing superparamagnetism and magnetic targeting have found widespread application in fields such as food and medicine. In this study, polycarboxylated magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4@SiO2@CS-COOH) were prepared by surface functionalizing iron tetraoxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as a modifier. The appropriate degree of functionalization modification was obtained by adjusting the EDTA concentration and the ratio of cross-linking agents. The prepared magnetic nanoparticles were analyzed with structural and property characterization. The results showed that the Fe3O4@SiO2@CS-COOH magnetic nanoparticles prepared with 4 % EDTA and cross-linking agents at a molar ratio of 3:4 were uniform in particle size, with an average size of roughly 7 nm, and possessed an abundant carboxylate content (310.8064 μmol/g) and a high magnetization intensity (35.05 emu/g). As a model protein, bovine serum albumin (BSA) was immobilized on the surface of magnetic particles. The largest amount of immobilized protein was 500.4376 mg BSA/g at pH 4.0 and no extra salt ions. According to molecular docking simulations, its immobilization was due to the interaction of amino and carboxyl groups at the Fe3O4@SiO2@CS-COOH/BSA interface. Fe3O4@SiO2@CS-COOH possesses a large number of carboxyl groups, strong protein immobilization, and magnetic responsiveness, which may have potential applications in biomedical and food fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Chen
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Tian Gao
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Xixi Wu
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Mingyu He
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- COFCO Nutrition and Health Research Institute Co., Ltd, No.4 Road, Future Science and Technology Park South, Beiqijia, Changping, Beijing 102209, China
| | - Fei Teng
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China.
| | - Yang Li
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China.
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Imchen P, Ziekhrü M, Zhimomi BK, Phucho T. Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using the extract of Alpinia galanga rhizome and Rhus semialata fruit and their antibacterial activity. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2022.109599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Siddiq F, Umer Farooq M, Aslam Shad M, Badaruddin Ahmad H, Ashraf M, Majeed S. Magnetic chitosan membrane as an effective analytical tool for adsorptive removal of creatinine from biological samples. JOURNAL OF TAIBAH UNIVERSITY FOR SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/16583655.2022.2042073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Farhat Siddiq
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakarya University, Multan Pakistan
- Department of Chemistry, The Women University Multan, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Aslam Shad
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakarya University, Multan Pakistan
- Department of Biochemistry, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Saadat Majeed
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakarya University, Multan Pakistan
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Hong J, Liu X, Yang X, Wang Y, Zhao L. Ionic liquid-based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction followed by magnetic solid-phase extraction for determination of quinolones. Mikrochim Acta 2021; 189:8. [PMID: 34862927 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-021-05077-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
An ionic liquid-based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (IL-DLLME) combined with magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) was developed for extraction of quinolones (quinolones) from honey and milk prior to high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate was used as the extraction solvent and an effective adsorbent based on chitosan modified magnetic core-shell functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNTs-Fe3O4@SiO2-CS) nanoparticles was used to assist IL to adsorb quinolone residues in honey and milk samples. Extraction conditions were optimized through one-factor-at-a-time and response surface methodology using a Box-Behnken design. Under optimum conditions satisfactory linearity (R2 > 0.999) and high sensitivity (method limits of quantification were 4-8 μg kg-1 or μg L-1 in honey or milk samples) was achieved. The recoveries of quinolones in honey and milk ranged from 81.2 to 109%. Based on this study, the proposed method was employed for the determination of antibiotic residues in honey and milk samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Hong
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Key Laboratory of Laboratory of Functional Drug Carrier Materials, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomei Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Key Laboratory of Laboratory of Functional Drug Carrier Materials, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuying Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal and Edible Plants Resources, Hainan Vocational University of Science and Technology, Haikou, Hainan Province, 571126, People's Republic of China
| | - Yousheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal and Edible Plants Resources, Hainan Vocational University of Science and Technology, Haikou, Hainan Province, 571126, People's Republic of China
| | - Longshan Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Key Laboratory of Laboratory of Functional Drug Carrier Materials, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
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Kurdtabar M, Saif Heris S, Dezfulian M. Characterization of a Multi-responsive Magnetic Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite Hydrogel and Its Application for DOX Delivery. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-021-2613-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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6
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Mousavi H. A comprehensive survey upon diverse and prolific applications of chitosan-based catalytic systems in one-pot multi-component synthesis of heterocyclic rings. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 186:1003-1166. [PMID: 34174311 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.06.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Heterocyclic compounds are among the most prestigious and valuable chemical molecules with diverse and magnificent applications in various sciences. Due to the remarkable and numerous properties of the heterocyclic frameworks, the development of efficient and convenient synthetic methods for the preparation of such outstanding compounds is of great importance. Undoubtedly, catalysis has a conspicuous role in modern chemical synthesis and green chemistry. Therefore, when designing a chemical reaction, choosing and or preparing powerful and environmentally benign simple catalysts or complicated catalytic systems for an acceleration of the chemical reaction is a pivotal part of work for synthetic chemists. Chitosan, as a biocompatible and biodegradable pseudo-natural polysaccharide is one of the excellent choices for the preparation of suitable catalytic systems due to its unique properties. In this review paper, every effort has been made to cover all research articles in the field of one-pot synthesis of heterocyclic frameworks in the presence of chitosan-based catalytic systems, which were published roughly by the first quarter of 2020. It is hoped that this review paper can be a little help to synthetic scientists, methodologists, and catalyst designers, both on the laboratory and industrial scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Mousavi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
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Cross-Linked Chitosan/Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Composite as Ecofriendly Biocatalyst for Synthesis of Some Novel Benzil Bis-Thiazoles. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13111728. [PMID: 34070526 PMCID: PMC8198799 DOI: 10.3390/polym13111728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aminohydrazide cross-linked chitosan (CLCS) and its MWCNTs (CLCS/MWCNTs) were formulated and utilized as a potent ecofriendly basic heterogeneous biocatalyst under ultrasonic irradiation for synthesis of two novel series of benzil bis-aryldiazenylthiazoles and benzil bis-arylhydrazonothiazolones from the reaction of benzil bis-thiosemicarbazone with 2-oxo-N′-arylpropanehydrazonoyl chlorides and ethyl 2-chloro-2-(2-phenylhydrazono) acetates, respectively. The chemical structures of the newly synthesized derivatives were elucidated by spectral data and alternative methods, where available. Additionally, their yield % was estimated using a traditional catalyst as TEA and green recyclable catalysts as CLCS and CLCS/MWCNTs composite in a comparative study. We observed that, under the same reaction conditions, the yield % of the desired products increased by changing TEA to CLCS then to CLCS/MWCNT from 72–78% to 79–83% to 84–87%, respectively. The thermal stability of the investigated samples could be arranged as CLCS/MWCNTs composite > CLCS > chitosan, where the weight losses of chitosan, CLCS and CLCS/MWCNTs composite at 500 °C were 65.46%, 57.95% and 53.29%, respectively.
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Gorji S, Ghorbani-Vaghei R, Alavinia S. Sodium alginate: Biopolymeric catalyst for the synthesis of 2-amino-4-arylthiazole derivatives in aqueous medium. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.129900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Majidi Arlan F, Poursattar Marjani A, Javahershenas R, Khalafy J. Recent developments in the synthesis of polysubstituted pyridines via multicomponent reactions using nanocatalysts. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj01801a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This review describes the evolution and application of active metal-based and heterometallic NPs as efficient heterogeneous catalysts for the synthesis of pyridine derivatives by multicomponent reactions in the last decade (2010–2020).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ramin Javahershenas
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Urmia University
- Urmia
- Iran
| | - Jabbar Khalafy
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Urmia University
- Urmia
- Iran
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10
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Xiang Y, Yang X, Xu Z, Hu W, Zhou Y, Wan Z, Yang Y, Wei Y, Yang J, Tsang DCW. Fabrication of sustainable manganese ferrite modified biochar from vinasse for enhanced adsorption of fluoroquinolone antibiotics: Effects and mechanisms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 709:136079. [PMID: 31884293 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
An effective adsorbent towards fluoroquinolone antibiotics was synthesized via a facile two-step approach, the co-precipitation of Fe, Mn with vinasse wastes and then pyrolysis under controlled conditions which denoted as FMB. Its adsorption behavior was examined based on a batch adsorption experiment of fluoroquinolone antibiotics pefloxacin (PEF) and ciprofloxacin (CIP). Experimental factors, such as pH, adsorbent dose, ionic strength, contact time and temperature have done a great deal to influence the adsorption of PEF and CIP. The FMB demonstrated excellent performance in reusability tests towards to both PEF and CIP, which showed that the recycling efficiency of PEF and CIP could remain ~55% and ~80% after five recycle cycles, respectively. The dominated adsorption mechanisms included pore filling effect, π-π stacking interaction, π-π EDA, hydrogen bonding and hydrophobicity. Overall, this work presented FMB was recognized as an effective, environmental-friendly and magnetically separable adsorbent for alleviating fluoroquinolone antibiotics contamination from water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Xiang
- Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Agricultural Typical Pollution Remediation and Wetland Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhangyi Xu
- Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Agricultural Typical Pollution Remediation and Wetland Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Wenyong Hu
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Yaoyu Zhou
- Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Agricultural Typical Pollution Remediation and Wetland Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Zhonghao Wan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuhui Yang
- Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Agricultural Typical Pollution Remediation and Wetland Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yuyi Wei
- Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Agricultural Typical Pollution Remediation and Wetland Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Agricultural Typical Pollution Remediation and Wetland Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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Asgharnasl S, Eivazzadeh-Keihan R, Radinekiyan F, Maleki A. Preparation of a novel magnetic bionanocomposite based on factionalized chitosan by creatine and its application in the synthesis of polyhydroquinoline, 1,4-dyhdropyridine and 1,8-dioxo-decahydroacridine derivatives. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 144:29-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.12.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Adsorptive removal of endocrine disrupting compounds from aqueous solutions using magnetic multi-wall carbon nanotubes modified with chitosan biopolymer based on response surface methodology: Functionalization, kinetics, and isotherms studies. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 155:1019-1029. [PMID: 31715227 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.11.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the presence of endocrine disrupting compounds in the environment has emerged as a global and ubiquitous problem. In this study, a novel synthesis of magnetically carbon nanotube modified with biological polymeric was successfully prepared. The effect of different parameters on the Bisphenol A (BPA) adsorption was studied. A prediction model for BPA adsorption was extended based on the Central Composite Design. Also, the prepared biopolymeric nanotubes were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, TEM, FE-SEM. The surface morphology of nanocomposite was observed, increased carbon nano tube size, and the levels after surface deposition were completely covered by chitosan proteins. The results of our experiments showed that optimum adsorption conditions was achieved at t = 76 min, BPA concentration 6.5 mg/L, adsorbent dosage 1 g/L and pH = 6.2.The data obtained in this study followed the Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo-second order model. The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of nanocomposite for BPA was 46.2 mg/g at 20 °C. This study showed that the adsorption of BPA onto nanocomposite was spontaneous and thermodynamically desirable.
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Valiey E, Dekamin MG, Alirezvani Z. Melamine-modified chitosan materials: An efficient and recyclable bifunctional organocatalyst for green synthesis of densely functionalized bioactive dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole and benzylpyrazolyl coumarin derivatives. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 129:407-421. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Ultrasound-promoted an efficient method for the one-pot synthesis of indeno fused pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidines catalyzed by H3PW12O40 functionalized chitosan@Co3O4 as a novel and green catalyst. J Organomet Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2018.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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An Efficient One‐Pot Synthesis of 7,7‐Dimethyl‐2‐(2‐oxo‐2H‐chromen‐3‐yl)‐4‐aryl‐7,8‐dihydroquinolin‐5(6H)‐one Derivatives Using Chitosan–SO3H as Biodegradable Organocatalyst. J Heterocycl Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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16
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Afzali E, Forootanfar H, Eslaminejad T, Amirpour-Rostami S, Ansari M. Enhancing purification of α-amylase by superparamagnetic complex with alginate/chitosan/β-cyclodextrin/TPP. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/10242422.2018.1529171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elham Afzali
- Pharmaceutics Research Centre, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Hamid Forootanfar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Touba Eslaminejad
- Pharmaceutics Research Centre, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sahar Amirpour-Rostami
- Pharmaceutics Research Centre, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mehdi Ansari
- Pharmaceutics Research Centre, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Department of Food and Drug Control, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Galhoum AA, Hassan KM, Desouky OA, Masoud AM, Akashi T, Sakai Y, Guibal E. Aspartic acid grafting on cellulose and chitosan for enhanced Nd(III) sorption. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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18
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Dekamin MG, Kazemi E, Karimi Z, Mohammadalipoor M, Naimi-Jamal MR. Chitosan: An efficient biomacromolecule support for synergic catalyzing of Hantzsch esters by CuSO 4. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 93:767-774. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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19
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Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using Capparis spinosa L. leaf extract and their antibacterial activity. KARBALA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.kijoms.2016.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Sodium alginate: An efficient biopolymeric catalyst for green synthesis of 2-amino-4H-pyran derivatives. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 87:172-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.01.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Revised: 12/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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