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Karim A, Anwar F, Saleem U, Fatima S, Ismail T, Obaidullah AJ, Khayat RO, Alqahtani MJ, Alsharif I, Khan H, Vargas-De-La-Cruz C, Shah MA. Administration of α-lipoic acid and silymarin attenuates aggression by modulating endocrine, oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways in mice. Metab Brain Dis 2023; 38:2255-2267. [PMID: 37458892 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-023-01258-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Aggression, a highly prevalent behavior among all the psychological disorders having strong association with psychiatric imbalance, neuroendocrine changes and neurological disturbances (including oxidative stress & neuroinflammation) require both pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments. Focusing the preclinical neuroendocrine determinants of aggression, this interventional study was designed to elucidate the curative effect of antioxidants on aggression in male mice. Adult albino male mice (n = 140) randomly divided into two main treatment groups for α-lipoic acid (ALA) and silymarin with 5 subgroups (n = 10) for each curative study, namely control, disease (aggression-induced), standard (diazepam, 2.5 mg/kg), low dose (100 mg/kg) and high dose (200 mg/kg) treatment groups of selected antioxidants. Resident-intruder paradigm and levodopa (L-dopa 375 mg/kg, p.o.) induced models were used for aggression. Effect of antioxidant treatment (i.e., 21 days bid) on aggression was assessed by evaluating the changes in aggressive behavior, oxidative stress biomarkers superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione, nitrite and malondialdehyde (SOD, CAT, GSH, nitrite & MDA), neurotransmitters (dopamine, nor-adrenaline and serotonin), pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin- 6 (TNF-α & IL-6) along with serum testosterone examination. This study showed potential ameliorative effect on aggressive behavior with both low (100 mg/kg) and high (200 mg/kg) doses of antioxidants (ALA & silymarin). Resident-intruder or L-dopa induced aggression in male mice was more significantly tuned with ALA treatment than silymarin via down regulating both oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers. ALA also exhibited notable effects in managing aggression-induced disturbances on plasma testosterone levels. In conclusion, ALA is more effective than silymarin in attenuating aggression in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Karim
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Fareeha Anwar
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Uzma Saleem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Saniya Fatima
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tariq Ismail
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSAT University, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Ahmad J Obaidullah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rana O Khayat
- Department of Biology, College of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moneerah J Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ifat Alsharif
- Department of Biology, Jamoum University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Celia Vargas-De-La-Cruz
- Department of Pharmacology, Bromatology, Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Jr. Puno 1002, Lima, 15001, Peru
- E-Health Research Center, Universidad de Ciencias Y Humanidades, Lima, 15001, Peru
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Ghobrial DK, El-Nikhely N, Sheta E, Ragab HM, Rostom SAF, Saeed H, Wahid A. The Role of Pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine-Based Kinase Inhibitors in The Attenuation of CCl4-Induced Liver Fibrosis in Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030637. [PMID: 36978885 PMCID: PMC10045301 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver Fibrosis can be life-threatening if left untreated as it may lead to serious, incurable complications. The common therapeutic approach is to reverse the fibrosis while the intervention is still applicable. Celecoxib was shown to exhibit some antifibrotic properties in the induced fibrotic liver in rats. The present study aimed to investigate the possible antifibrotic properties in CCl4-induced liver fibrosis in male Sprague–Dawley rats compared to celecoxib of three novel methoxylated pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines. The three newly synthesized compounds were proved to be safe candidates. They showed a therapeutic effect against severe CCl4-induced fibrosis but at different degrees. The three compounds were able to partially reverse hepatic architectural distortion and reduce the fibrotic severity by showing antioxidant properties reducing MDA with increasing GSH and SOD levels, remodeling the extracellular matrix proteins and liver enzymes balance, and reducing the level of proinflammatory (TNF-α and IL-6) and profibrogenic (TGF-β) cytokines. The results revealed that the dimethoxy-analog exhibited the greatest activity in all the previously mentioned parameters compared to celecoxib and the other two analogs which could be attributed to the different methoxylation patterns of the derivatives. Collectively, the dimethoxy-derivative could be considered a safe promising antifibrotic candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana K. Ghobrial
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21526, Egypt
- Correspondence: (D.K.G.); (A.W.)
| | - Nefertiti El-Nikhely
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21526, Egypt
| | - Eman Sheta
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
| | - Hanan M. Ragab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Sherif A. F. Rostom
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Hesham Saeed
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21526, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Wahid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
- Correspondence: (D.K.G.); (A.W.)
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He X, Sun C, Khalesi H, Yang Y, Zhao J, Zhang Y, Wen Y, Fang Y. Comparison of cellulose derivatives for Ca 2+ and Zn 2+ adsorption: Binding behavior and in vivo bioavailability. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 294:119837. [PMID: 35868780 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose with distinct colloidal states exhibited different adsorption capability for ions and whether the intake of cellulose would bring positive or negative influence on the mineral bioavailability is inconclusive. This work investigated the binding behavior of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), TEMPO-oxidized nanofibrillated/nanocrystalline cellulose (TOCNF/TOCNC), and microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) with Ca2+and Zn2+ and compared their effects on mineral bioavailability in vitro and in vivo. The results suggested that CMC displayed a higher adsorption capability (36.6 mg g-1 for Ca2+ and 66.2 mg g-1 for Zn2+) than the other types of cellulose because of the strong interaction between carboxyl groups of cellulose and the ions. Although the cellulose derivatives had adverse effects on ion adsorption in vitro, the fermentability endowed by TOCNF/TOCNC counterbalanced the negative impacts in vivo. The findings suggested that the colloidal states of cellulose affected the bioavailability of minerals and could provide useful guidance for applications of specific cellulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangxiang He
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Cuixia Sun
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hoda Khalesi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yuyan Yang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jingwen Zhao
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing of Sichuan, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Yangbing Wen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yapeng Fang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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Recent advances in the study of modified cellulose in meat products: Modification method of cellulose, meat quality improvement and safety concern. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Xie HH, Guo L, Yan AP, Liu F, Jiang H, Wan Y. Determination of Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose in Dairy Products by Resonance Rayleigh Scattering Spectrometry. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-021-02108-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Ying H, Fang M, Hang QQ, Chen Y, Qian X, Chen M. Pirfenidone modulates macrophage polarization and ameliorates radiation-induced lung fibrosis by inhibiting the TGF-β1/Smad3 pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:8662-8675. [PMID: 34327818 PMCID: PMC8435416 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) mainly contributes to the complications of thoracic radiotherapy. RILI can be divided into radiation pneumonia (RP) and radiation-induced lung fibrosis (RILF). Once RILF occurs, patients will eventually develop irreversible respiratory failure; thus, a new treatment strategy to prevent RILI is urgently needed. This study explored the therapeutic effect of pirfenidone (PFD), a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drug for (IPF) treatment, and its mechanism in the treatment of RILF. In vivo, C57BL/6 mice received a 50 Gy dose of X-ray radiation to the whole thorax with or without the administration of PFD. Collagen deposition and fibrosis in the lung were reversed by PFD treatment, which was associated with reduced M2 macrophage infiltration and inhibition of the transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)/Drosophila mothers against the decapentaplegic 3 (Smad3) signalling pathway. Moreover, PFD treatment decreased the radiation-induced expression of TGF-β1 and phosphorylation of Smad3 in alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) and vascular endothelial cells (VECs). Furthermore, IL-4-induced M2 macrophage polarization and IL-13-induced M2 macrophage polarization were suppressed by PFD treatment in vitro, resulting in reductions in the release of arginase-1 (ARG-1), chitinase 3-like 3 (YM-1) and TGF-β1. Notably, the PFD-induced inhibitory effects on M2 macrophage polarization were associated with downregulation of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) p50 activity. Additionally, PFD could significantly inhibit ionizing radiation-induced chemokine secretion in MLE-12 cells and consequently impair the migration of RAW264.7 cells. PFD could also eliminate TGF-β1 from M2 macrophages by attenuating the activation of TGF-β1/Smad3. In conclusion, PFD is a potential therapeutic agent to ameliorate fibrosis in RILF by reducing M2 macrophage infiltration and inhibiting the activation of TGF-β1/Smad3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hangjie Ying
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Fang
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China.,The Department of Thoracic Radiotherapy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qing Qing Hang
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang, Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yamei Chen
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xu Qian
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.,The Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China.,The Department of Thoracic Radiotherapy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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Fan C, Hou L, Che G, Shi Y, Liu X, Sun L, Jia W, Zhu F, Zhao Z, Xu M, Gai X, Liu C. Dose- and time-dependent systemic adverse reactions of sodium carboxy methyl cellulose after intraperitoneal application in rats. J Toxicol Sci 2021; 46:223-234. [PMID: 33952799 DOI: 10.2131/jts.46.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Sodium carboxy methyl cellulose (SCMC) is an important absorbable biomaterial for anti-adhesion and hemostasis medical devices used in the abdominal cavity. However, the systemic toxicity of SCMC following intraperitoneal route has not been revealed sufficiently. Three SCMC solutions with gradient concentrations were intraperitoneally injected into 3 groups of rats with the doses of 50 mg/kg, 320 mg/kg and 2000 mg/kg respectively all at once to observe the dose-dependence of systemic reactions of SCMC and 10 rats (5 rats per sex) of each group were sacrificed 3 days, 7 days, 28 days and 90 days after injection to evaluate the time-dependence of the reactions. A range of adverse effects were shown in rats of the high-dose group which were found varied with time extending and virtually disappeared 90 days after injection. Slight reactions were observed in the medium-dose group while negligible effects were found in the low-dose group. The intraperitoneal application of SCMC can induce reversible systemic adverse effects to rats at the dose higher than 320 mg/kg and it is essential to take both dose- and time-dependent effects into account while designing a systemic toxicity study for absorbable biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunguang Fan
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biological Evaluation for Medical Devices, NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Biomaterials and Medical Devices, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Pharmaceutical Packaging, Shandong Quality Inspection Center for Medical Devices, China
| | - Li Hou
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biological Evaluation for Medical Devices, NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Biomaterials and Medical Devices, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Pharmaceutical Packaging, Shandong Quality Inspection Center for Medical Devices, China
| | - Guoxi Che
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biological Evaluation for Medical Devices, NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Biomaterials and Medical Devices, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Pharmaceutical Packaging, Shandong Quality Inspection Center for Medical Devices, China
| | - Yanping Shi
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biological Evaluation for Medical Devices, NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Biomaterials and Medical Devices, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Pharmaceutical Packaging, Shandong Quality Inspection Center for Medical Devices, China
| | - Xiangdong Liu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biological Evaluation for Medical Devices, NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Biomaterials and Medical Devices, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Pharmaceutical Packaging, Shandong Quality Inspection Center for Medical Devices, China
| | - Likui Sun
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biological Evaluation for Medical Devices, NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Biomaterials and Medical Devices, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Pharmaceutical Packaging, Shandong Quality Inspection Center for Medical Devices, China
| | - Wensi Jia
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biological Evaluation for Medical Devices, NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Biomaterials and Medical Devices, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Pharmaceutical Packaging, Shandong Quality Inspection Center for Medical Devices, China
| | - Fuyu Zhu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biological Evaluation for Medical Devices, NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Biomaterials and Medical Devices, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Pharmaceutical Packaging, Shandong Quality Inspection Center for Medical Devices, China
| | - Zenglin Zhao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biological Evaluation for Medical Devices, NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Biomaterials and Medical Devices, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Pharmaceutical Packaging, Shandong Quality Inspection Center for Medical Devices, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biological Evaluation for Medical Devices, NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Biomaterials and Medical Devices, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Pharmaceutical Packaging, Shandong Quality Inspection Center for Medical Devices, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Gai
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biological Evaluation for Medical Devices, NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Biomaterials and Medical Devices, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Pharmaceutical Packaging, Shandong Quality Inspection Center for Medical Devices, China
| | - Chenghu Liu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biological Evaluation for Medical Devices, NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Biomaterials and Medical Devices, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Pharmaceutical Packaging, Shandong Quality Inspection Center for Medical Devices, China
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Baran A, Sulukan E, Türkoğlu M, Ghosigharehagaji A, Yildirim S, Kankaynar M, Bolat I, Kaya M, Topal A, Ceyhun SB. Is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) really completely innocent? It may be triggering obesity. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 163:2465-2473. [PMID: 32987073 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.09.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The toxicity of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), which has GRAS status and has been determined as "ADI non specified", was re-evaluated with a new modelling and molecular-based data. For this purpose, CMC, a food additive, was injected to the yolk sac (food) of the zebrafish embryo by the microinjection method at the 4th hour of fertilization at different concentrations. As a result, it was found that CMC showed no toxic effects within the framework of the parameters studied. But, we determined increasing lipid accumulation in zebrafish embryos exposed to CMC in a dose-dependent manner. To elucidate the mechanism underlying this lipid accumulation, the expression levels of genes related to obesity-linked lipid metabolism were examined. Our findings show that while CMC does not cause a toxic effect in zebrafish embryos, it can lead important effects on lipid metabolism by causing changes in the expression of some genes associated with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alper Baran
- Department of Food Quality Control and Analysis, Erzurum Vocational School, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ekrem Sulukan
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey; Aquatic Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Medine Türkoğlu
- Aquatic Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey; Department of Nanoscience, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Atena Ghosigharehagaji
- Aquatic Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Serkan Yildirim
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Meryem Kankaynar
- Aquatic Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey; Department of Nanoscience, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ismail Bolat
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Mükerrem Kaya
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Topal
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries, Atatürk University, TR-25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Saltuk Buğrahan Ceyhun
- Aquatic Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey; Department of Nanoscience, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
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Abstract
Currently, apart from the widely known lithium-ion batteries, there are competitive solutions in the form of, for example, Li-S batteries. While the results of studies on the toxicity of Li-ion battery components are published, such studies on the components of Li-S cells are just beginning. The purpose of the current review was to identify materials used in the production of Li-S batteries and their toxicity, especially for humans. The review showed many kinds of materials with different levels of toxicity utilized for manufacturing of these cells. Some materials are of low toxicity, while some others are of the high one. A lot of materials have assigned different hazard statements. For some of the materials, no hazard statements were assigned, although such materials are toxic. No data related to the toxicity of some materials were found in the literature. This points out the need to further studies on their toxicity and legal actions to assign appropriate hazard statements.
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Ding M, Guan L, Zhang C, Yang P, Yang H. (3R)‑5,6,7‑trihydroxy‑3‑isopropyl‑3‑methylisochroman‑1‑one attenuates cardiac dysfunction via the apelin/APJ signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:5007-5014. [PMID: 30942406 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is associated with a high risk of mortality and is a major global health concern. The present study aimed to investigate the protective effects of (3R)‑5,6,7‑trihydroxy‑3‑isopropyl‑3‑methylisochroman‑1‑one (TIM) against MI induced by isoproterenol (ISO) in a rat model and the underlying mechanisms. Wistar rats were assigned to 4 groups (n=10): The control group received saline treatment; the ISO group received an intraperitoneal injection of ISO (100 mg/kg); and the TIM (low) and TIM (high) groups received an intraperitoneal injection of ISO, plus a 1 and 2 mg/kg dose of TIM orally, respectively. TIM rats were treated with TIM daily for 12 days and received ISO injections on the final 2 days to induce MI. Cardiac function, apoptosis index and protein expression were subsequently determined. The levels of oxidative stress markers were determined by ELISAs, whereas DNA damage was detected using a Cell Death Detection ELISA kit. Gene and protein expression were determined via reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analyses, respectively. Following treatment with ISO, the maximum left ventricular contraction/relaxation velocity and left ventricular systolic pressure were significantly decreased, whereas the left ventricular end‑diastolic pressure was increased; however, treatment with TIM significantly ameliorated ISO‑induced cardiac dysfunction. Additionally, TIM treatment significantly decreased oxidative stress and inhibited the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes, as determined by a decrease in caspase activities, increased expression of B‑cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl‑2) and reduced expression of cleaved caspase‑3, cleaved caspase‑9 and Bcl‑2‑associated X. Furthermore, treatment with TIM upregulated the levels of apelin in the plasma and myocardium of ISO‑treated rats. The results indicated that TIM protected cardiomyocytes against ISO‑induced MI, potentially via the apelin/apelin receptor signaling pathway. The results of the present study suggested that TIM may be a potential novel therapy for the treatment of MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Ding
- Department of Cardiology, China‑Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Lianyue Guan
- Department of Hepatobiliary‑Pancreatic Surgery, China‑Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Chunmei Zhang
- Department of Emergency, China‑Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Ping Yang
- Department of Cardiology, China‑Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Hailing Yang
- Department of Emergency, China‑Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
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Roy JC, Ferri A, Giraud S, Jinping G, Salaün F. Chitosan⁻Carboxymethylcellulose-Based Polyelectrolyte Complexation and Microcapsule Shell Formulation. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092521. [PMID: 30149641 PMCID: PMC6163483 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitosan (CH)–carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt (NaCMC) microcapsules containing paraffin oil were synthesized by complex formation, and crosslinked with glutaraldehyde (GTA). The electrostatic deposition of NaCMC onto the CH-coated paraffin oil emulsion droplets was demonstrated by zeta potential and optical microscopy. The optimal process conditions were identified in terms of pH of the aqueous solution (5.5) and CH/NaCMC mass ratio (1:1). Encapsulation of paraffin oil and microcapsule morphology were analyzed by ATR-FTIR and SEM, respectively. The effect of GTA crosslinking on paraffin oil latent heat was investigated by DSC and combined with the values of encapsulation efficiency and core content, supporting the compact shell formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagadish Chandra Roy
- Departments of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy.
- Department of Mechanical, Energy and Material Engineering, University of Lille Nord de France, F-5900 Lille, France.
- Department of Textile Material Engineering, École Nationale Supérieure des Arts et Industries Textiles, 59056 Roubaix, France.
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China.
| | - Ada Ferri
- Departments of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy.
| | - Stéphane Giraud
- Department of Mechanical, Energy and Material Engineering, University of Lille Nord de France, F-5900 Lille, France.
- Department of Textile Material Engineering, École Nationale Supérieure des Arts et Industries Textiles, 59056 Roubaix, France.
| | - Guan Jinping
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China.
| | - Fabien Salaün
- Department of Mechanical, Energy and Material Engineering, University of Lille Nord de France, F-5900 Lille, France.
- Department of Textile Material Engineering, École Nationale Supérieure des Arts et Industries Textiles, 59056 Roubaix, France.
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Zhang S, Huang J, Hu R, Guo G, Shang X, Wu J. Characterization of a new multifunctional beta-glucosidase from Musca domestica. Biotechnol Lett 2017; 39:1219-1227. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-017-2351-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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