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Yan L, Wang D, Yu Y, Zhang F, Ye X, Linhardt RJ, Chen S. Fucosylated Chondroitin Sulfate 9-18 Oligomers Exhibit Molecular Size-Independent Antithrombotic Activity while Circulating in the Blood. ACS Chem Biol 2020; 15:2232-2246. [PMID: 32786291 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.0c00439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Fucosylated chondroitin sulfate (FCS) oligosaccharides extracted from sea cucumber and depolymerized exhibit potent anticoagulant activity. Knowledge of the antithrombotic activity of different size oligosaccharides and their fucose (Fuc) branch sulfation pattern should promote their development for clinical applications. We prepared highly purified FCS trisaccharide repeating units from hexasaccharide (6-mer) to octadecasaccharide (18-mer), including those with 2,4-disulfated and 3,4-disulfated Fuc branches. All 10 oligosaccharides were identified by their nuclear magnetic resonance structures and ESI-FTMS spectroscopy. In vitro anticoagulant activities and surface plasmon resonance binding tests indicated those of larger molecular sizes and 2,4-disulfated Fuc branches showed stronger anticoagulant effects with respect to anti-FXase activity, as well as stronger binding to FIXa among various clotting proteins. However, both types of FCS 9-mer to 18-mer exhibited molecular size-independent potent antithrombotic activity in vivo at the same dose. In addition, both types of the FCS 6-mer exhibited favorable antithrombotic activity in vivo, although they showed weak anticoagulant activity in vitro. Combining absorption and metabolism studies, we conclude that FCS 9-18 oligomers could remain in the circulation to interact with various clotting proteins to prevent thrombus formation, and appreciable quantities of these oligomers could be excreted through the kidneys. All FCS 9-18 oligomers also resulted in no bleeding, hypotension, or platelet aggregation risk during blood circulation. Thus, FCS 9-18 oligomers with 2,4-disulfated or 3,4-disulfated Fuc branches exhibit potent and safe antithrombotic activity needed for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lufeng Yan
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Biotechnology Center 4005, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Danli Wang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yanlei Yu
- Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Biotechnology Center 4005, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Fuming Zhang
- Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Biotechnology Center 4005, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Xingqian Ye
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Robert J. Linhardt
- Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Biotechnology Center 4005, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Shiguo Chen
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Ustyuzhanina NE, Bilan MI, Panina EG, Sanamyan NP, Dmitrenok AS, Tsvetkova EA, Ushakova NA, Shashkov AS, Nifantiev NE, Usov AI. Structure and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of a New Unusual Fucosylated Chondroitin Sulfate from Cucumaria djakonovi. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:E389. [PMID: 30336613 PMCID: PMC6212937 DOI: 10.3390/md16100389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Fucosylated chondroitin sulfate CD was isolated from the sea cucumber Cucumaria djakonovi collected from the Avachinsky Gulf of the eastern coast of Kamchatka. Structural characterization of CD was performed using a series of non-destructive NMR spectroscopic procedures. The polysaccharide was shown to contain a chondroitin core [→3)-β-d-GalNAc-(1→4)-β-d-GlcA-(1→]n where about 60% of GlcA residues were 3-O-fucosylated, while another part of GlcA units did not contain any substituents. The presence of unsubstituted both at O-2 and O-3 glucuronic acid residues in a structure of holothurian chondroitin sulfate is unusual and has not been reported previously. Three different fucosyl branches Fucp2S4S, Fucp3S4S and Fucp4S were found in the ratio of 2:1:1. The GalNAc units were mono- or disulfated at positions 4 and 6. Anti-inflammatory activity of CD was assessed on a model of acute peritoneal inflammation in rats. About 45% inhibition was found for CD, while a structurally related linear chondroitin sulfate SS from cartilage of the fish Salmo salar demonstrated only 31% inhibition, indicating that the presence of sulfated fucosyl branches is essential for anti-inflammatory effect of chondroitin sulfates of marine origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadezhda E Ustyuzhanina
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospect 47, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Maria I Bilan
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospect 47, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Elena G Panina
- Kamchatka Branch of Pacific Geographical Institute FEB RAS, Russian Academy of Sciences, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky 683000, Russia.
| | - Nadezhda P Sanamyan
- Kamchatka Branch of Pacific Geographical Institute FEB RAS, Russian Academy of Sciences, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky 683000, Russia.
| | - Andrey S Dmitrenok
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospect 47, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Eugenia A Tsvetkova
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospect 47, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Natalia A Ushakova
- V.N. Orekhovich Research Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Pogodinskaya str. 10, Moscow 119121, Russia.
| | - Alexander S Shashkov
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospect 47, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Nikolay E Nifantiev
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospect 47, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Anatolii I Usov
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospect 47, Moscow 119991, Russia.
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Khotimchenko Y. Pharmacological Potential of Sea Cucumbers. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E1342. [PMID: 29724051 PMCID: PMC5983632 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This review presents a detailed analysis of published research data focused on the pharmacological activity exerted by biologically active compounds isolated from sea cucumbers belonging to the class of Holothuroidea, phylum Echinodermata. The review contains descriptions of the structure, physico-chemical properties and pharmacological effects of these active substances. Particular attention is given to compounds with anticoagulant, antithrombotic, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-infectious, immune-stimulating and anti-ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme) activities as well as to the substances exerting a regulating influence on lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. All these compounds may be considered as prototypes for development of new pharmaceutical substances and medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Khotimchenko
- School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, 8 ul. Sukhanova, Vladivostok 690950, Russia.
- National Scientific Center for Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690041, Russia.
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Purification and Structural Characterization of a Novel Water-Soluble Neutral Polysaccharide from Cantharellus cibarius and Its Immunostimulating Activity in RAW264.7 Cells. INT J POLYM SCI 2017. [DOI: 10.1155/2017/3074915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharide is one of the important active ingredients of Cantharellus cibarius. The aims of this work were to analyze preliminary characterization and to investigate immunostimulating activity of a novel water-soluble neutral polysaccharide named JP1, which was purified from the fruiting body of Cantharellus cibarius using DEAE-FF chromatography and Sephadex G-100 chromatography. The characteristics of JP1 were determined by HPGPC, FT-IR spectra, gas chromatography, and Congo Red Method. Immunostimulating activity of JP1 was investigated in RAW264.7 cells. Results indicated that JP1 consisted of L-Arabinose, D-Mannose, D-Glucose, and D-Galactose in a molar ratio of 1 : 1.06 : 1.95 : 1.17 with a molecular weight of 336 kDa. JP1 is nontoxic to RAW264.7 cells at this concentration range (62.5–1000 μg/mL). Furthermore, JP1 can promote mouse peritoneal macrophages to secrete NO and enhance the secretion of macrophages’ cytokines IL-6 in RAW264.7 cells. These results suggested that JP1 could have potential immunostimulating activity applications as medicine or functional food.
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