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Kim JH, Han KS, Lee ES, Kim YG, Kim YI, Cho BO, Lee IS. The Inhibition Activity of Natural Methoxyflavonoid from Inula britannica on Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase and NO Production in RAW264.7 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4357. [PMID: 38673942 PMCID: PMC11050532 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) is an enzyme targeted for the treatment of inflammation and cardiovascular diseases. Activated inflammatory cells produce nitric oxide (NO), which induces oxidative stress and exacerbates inflammation. We identify an inhibitor able to suppress sEH and thus NO production. Five flavonoids 1-5 isolated from Inula britannica flowers were evaluated for their abilities to inhibit sEH with IC50 values of 12.1 ± 0.1 to 62.8 ± 1.8 µM and for their effects on enzyme kinetics. A simulation study using computational chemistry was conducted as well. Furthermore, five inhibitors (1-5) were confirmed to suppress NO levels at 10 µM. The results showed that flavonoids 1-5 exhibited inhibitory activity in all tests, with compound 3 exhibiting the most significant efficacy. Thus, in the development of anti-inflammatory inhibitors, compound 3 is a promising natural candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jang Hoon Kim
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA, Chungbuk 27709, Republic of Korea; (J.H.K.); (K.-S.H.); (E.-S.L.); (Y.-G.K.); (Y.-I.K.)
| | - Kyung-Sook Han
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA, Chungbuk 27709, Republic of Korea; (J.H.K.); (K.-S.H.); (E.-S.L.); (Y.-G.K.); (Y.-I.K.)
| | - Eun-Song Lee
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA, Chungbuk 27709, Republic of Korea; (J.H.K.); (K.-S.H.); (E.-S.L.); (Y.-G.K.); (Y.-I.K.)
| | - Yong-Goo Kim
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA, Chungbuk 27709, Republic of Korea; (J.H.K.); (K.-S.H.); (E.-S.L.); (Y.-G.K.); (Y.-I.K.)
| | - Yong-Il Kim
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA, Chungbuk 27709, Republic of Korea; (J.H.K.); (K.-S.H.); (E.-S.L.); (Y.-G.K.); (Y.-I.K.)
| | - Byoung Ok Cho
- Institute of Health Science, Jeonju University, 303 Cheonjam-ro, Jeonju-si 55069, Republic of Korea
| | - Ik Soo Lee
- Km Covergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
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Dang J, Du S, Wang L. Screening and Identification of Novel Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Inhibitors from Corn Gluten Peptides. Foods 2022; 11:foods11223695. [PMID: 36429288 PMCID: PMC9689838 DOI: 10.3390/foods11223695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) inhibitory properties of corn gluten peptides. In total, 400 dipeptides and 8000 tripeptides were first virtually screened by molecular docking and 30 potential sEH inhibitory peptides were selected. Among them, WEY, WWY, WYW, YFW, and YFY showed the highest sEH inhibitory activities with IC50 values of 55.41 ± 1.55, 68.80 ± 7.72, 70.66 ± 9.90, 96.00 ± 7.5, and 94.06 ± 12.86 μM, respectively. These five peptides all behaved as mixed-type inhibitors and were predicted to form hydrogen bond interactions mainly with Asp333, a key residue located in the catalytic active site of sEH. Moreover, it was found that the corn gluten hydrolysates of Alcalase, Flavourzyme, pepsin and pancreatin all exhibited high sEH inhibitory activities, with IC50 values of 1.07 ± 0.08, 1.19 ± 0.24, and 1.46 ± 0.31 mg/mL, respectively. In addition, the sEH inhibitory peptides WYW, YFW, and YFY were successfully identified from the corn gluten hydrolysates by Alcalase using nano-LC-MS/MS. This study demonstrated the sEH inhibitory capacity of peptides for the first time and corn gluten might be a promising food protein source for discovering novel natural sEH inhibitory peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamin Dang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Shuangkui Du
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
- Engineering Research Center of Grain and Oil Functionalized Processing, Universities of Shaanxi Province, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Liying Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
- Engineering Research Center of Grain and Oil Functionalized Processing, Universities of Shaanxi Province, Xianyang 712100, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-029-87880246
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3
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Cong W, Schwartz E, Peterson DG. Identification of inhibitors of pinellic acid generation in whole wheat bread. Food Chem 2021; 351:129291. [PMID: 33639427 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Bitterness is a common aversive flavor attribute of foods associated with low consumer acceptance. Untargeted LC-MS flavoromic profiling was utilized to identify endogenous compounds that influence the generation of the bitter compound 9,12,13-trihydroxy-trans-10-octadecenoic acid (pinellic acid) during bread making. A diverse sample set of wheat germplasm was chemically profiled. The corresponding pinellic acid concentrations after dough formation were modeled by orthogonal partial least squares (OPLS) with good fit (R2Y = 0.8) and predictive ability (Q2 = 0.6). The most predictive feature (negatively correlated), postulated to interfere with the biosynthetic pathway, was identified as schaftoside, an apigenin di-C-glycoside. Recombination experiments involving the addition of schaftoside to flour prior to breadmaking resulted in a 26% decrease in pinellic acid formation and significantly lower perceived bitterness intensity in whole wheat bread. This work provides novel understanding of bitter generation pathways in wheat products and new strategies to improve flavor profiles and consumer acceptability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Cong
- Department of Food Science and Technology, 317 Parker Food Science & Technology Building, The Ohio State University, 2015 Fyffe Rd., Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Eric Schwartz
- Department of Food Science and Technology, 317 Parker Food Science & Technology Building, The Ohio State University, 2015 Fyffe Rd., Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Devin G Peterson
- Department of Food Science and Technology, 317 Parker Food Science & Technology Building, The Ohio State University, 2015 Fyffe Rd., Columbus, OH 43210, United States.
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Mottaghipisheh J, Iriti M. Sephadex ® LH-20, Isolation, and Purification of Flavonoids from Plant Species: A Comprehensive Review. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25184146. [PMID: 32927822 PMCID: PMC7570886 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are considered one of the most diverse phenolic compounds possessing several valuable health benefits. The present study aimed at gathering all correlated reports, in which Sephadex® LH-20 (SLH) has been utilized as the final step to isolate or purify of flavonoid derivatives among all plant families. Overall, 189 flavonoids have been documented, while the majority were identified from the Asteraceae, Moraceae, and Poaceae families. Application of SLH has led to isolate 79 flavonols, 63 flavones, and 18 flavanones. Homoisoflavanoids, and proanthocyanidins have only been isolated from the Asparagaceae and Lauraceae families, respectively, while the Asteraceae was the richest in flavones possessing 22 derivatives. Six flavones, four flavonols, three homoisoflavonoids, one flavanone, a flavanol, and an isoflavanol have been isolated as the new secondary metabolites. This technique has been able to isolate quercetin from 19 plant species, along with its 31 derivatives. Pure methanol and in combination with water, chloroform, and dichloromethane have generally been used as eluents. This comprehensive review provides significant information regarding to remarkably use of SLH in isolation and purification of flavonoids from all the plant families; thus, it might be considered an appreciable guideline for further phytochemical investigation of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Mottaghipisheh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Correspondence: (J.M.); (M.I.); Tel.: +36-60702756066 (J.M.); +39-0250316766 (M.I.)
| | - Marcello Iriti
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Milan State University, via G. Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: (J.M.); (M.I.); Tel.: +36-60702756066 (J.M.); +39-0250316766 (M.I.)
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Kim JH, Leem HH, Lee GY. The Guanidine Pseudoalkaloids 10-Methoxy-Leonurine and Leonurine Act as Competitive Inhibitors of Tyrosinase. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10020174. [PMID: 31979329 PMCID: PMC7072302 DOI: 10.3390/biom10020174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Tyrosinase plays a key role in the production of melanin. A variety of industrial fields have shown interest in the development of tyrosinase inhibitors from plants. In this study, compounds 1–5 derived from Leonurus japonicas were evaluated to determine their ability to inhibit tyrosinase. Of these, 10-methoxy-leonurine (1) and leonurine (2) exhibited IC50 values of 7.4 ± 0.4 and 12.4 ± 0.8 μM, respectively, and acted as competitive inhibitors of tyrosinase, with Ki values in the micromolar range. In silico modeling revealed a guanidine group located in the inner cavity and a benzene ring docked within the active site of these compounds. These guanidine pseudoalkaloids show potential not only as tyrosinase inhibitors but also as lead compounds in new scaffolds for the development of novel inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jang Hoon Kim
- Research Institute for Basic Sciences, JeJu National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.H.K.); (G.Y.L.); Tel.: +82-64-754-8308 (J.H.K.); +82-42-935-9944 (G.Y.L.)
| | - Hyun Hee Leem
- National Development Institute of Korean Medicine, Gyeongsan 38573, Korea;
| | - Ga Young Lee
- Hephzibah Korea Lnc, Techno 10-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34036, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.H.K.); (G.Y.L.); Tel.: +82-64-754-8308 (J.H.K.); +82-42-935-9944 (G.Y.L.)
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Leonurus japonicus (Chinese motherwort), an excellent traditional medicine for obstetrical and gynecological diseases: A comprehensive overview. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 117:109060. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Liu ZB, Sun CP, Xu JX, Morisseau C, Hammock BD, Qiu F. Phytochemical constituents from Scutellaria baicalensis in soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibition: Kinetics and interaction mechanism merged with simulations. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 133:1187-1193. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.04.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Wang YL, Dong PP, Liang JH, Li N, Sun CP, Tian XG, Huo XK, Zhang BJ, Ma XC, Lv CZ. Phytochemical constituents from Uncaria rhynchophylla in human carboxylesterase 2 inhibition: Kinetics and interaction mechanism merged with docking simulations. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 51:120-127. [PMID: 30466609 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carboxylesterases (CEs) belong to the serine hydrolase family, and are in charge of hydrolyzing chemicals with carboxylic acid ester and amide functional groups via Ser-His-Glu. Uncaria rhynchophylla (Miq.) Miq. ex Havil. is a famous traditional Chinese medicine used in managing hyperpyrexia, epilepsy, preeclampsia, and hypertension in China. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE To discover the potential natural human carboxylesterase 2 (hCE 2) inhibitors from U. rhynchophylla. METHODS Compounds were obtained from the hooks of U. rhynchophylla by silica gel and preparative HPLC. Their structures were elucidated by using HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR spectra. Their inhibitory activeties and inhibition kinetics against hCE 2 were assayed by the fluorescent probe, and potential mechanisms were also investigated by molecular docking. RESULTS Twenty-three compounds, including a new phenolic acid uncariarhyine A (1), eight known triterpenoids (2-9), and ten known aromatic derivatives (10, 13-16, and 19-23), were isolated from U. rhynchophylla. Compounds 1-5, 7, 9, and 15 showed significant inhibitory activities against hCE 2 with IC50 values from 4.01 ± 0.61 µM to 18.60 ± 0.21 µM, and their inhibition kinetic analysis results revealed that compounds 1, 5, 9, and 15 were non-competitive; compounds 3 and 4 were mixed-type, and compounds 2 and 7 were uncompetitive. Molecular docking studies indicated inhibition mechanisms of compounds 1-5, 7, 9, and 15 against hCE 2. CONCLUSION Our present findings highlight potential natural hCE 2 inhibitors from U. rhynchophylla.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Li Wang
- College of Pharmacy, College (Institute) of Integrative Medicine, The National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Drug Development of Neurodegenerative Disease, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.; Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Department of Natural Products Chemistry, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Pei-Pei Dong
- College of Pharmacy, College (Institute) of Integrative Medicine, The National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Drug Development of Neurodegenerative Disease, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jia-Hao Liang
- College of Pharmacy, College (Institute) of Integrative Medicine, The National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Drug Development of Neurodegenerative Disease, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ning Li
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Department of Natural Products Chemistry, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Cheng-Peng Sun
- College of Pharmacy, College (Institute) of Integrative Medicine, The National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Drug Development of Neurodegenerative Disease, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China..
| | - Xiang-Ge Tian
- College of Pharmacy, College (Institute) of Integrative Medicine, The National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Drug Development of Neurodegenerative Disease, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiao-Kui Huo
- College of Pharmacy, College (Institute) of Integrative Medicine, The National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Drug Development of Neurodegenerative Disease, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Bao-Jing Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, College (Institute) of Integrative Medicine, The National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Drug Development of Neurodegenerative Disease, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiao-Chi Ma
- College of Pharmacy, College (Institute) of Integrative Medicine, The National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Drug Development of Neurodegenerative Disease, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Chuan-Zhu Lv
- Institute of Functional Materials and Molecular Imaging, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
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Kim JH, Cho IS, Ryu J, Lee JS, Kang JS, Kang SY, Kim YH. In vitro and in silico investigation of anthocyanin derivatives as soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 112:961-967. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.02.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Su XD, Guo RH, Yang SY, Kim YH, Kim YR. Anti-bacterial effects of components from Sanguisorba officinalis L. on Vibrio vulnificus and their soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitory activity. Nat Prod Res 2018; 33:3445-3449. [PMID: 29790361 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2018.1478825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Sanguisorba officinalis L. is a traditional herbal medicine, which is prevailingly applied to cure hemorrhoids, wounds and ulcers in Eastern Asian countries. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antibacterial and soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) inhibitory effects of the extracts and components from S. officinalis. The methanol extract was divided into ethyl acetate (EtOAc), n-butanol (n-BuOH), and water layers. In our screening procedure, the EtOAc and n-BuOH extracts and compounds (1-2) remarkably suppressed the growth of V. vulnificus in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the EtOAc extract and compound 1 exhibited significant inhibitory effect on the V. vulnificus induced cytotoxicity on HeLa cells. Furthermore, compound 4 displayed an inhibition against sEH with an IC50 value of 7.0 ± 0.5 μM. A kinetic analysis demonstrated that the inhibitory effect of compound 4 was a mixed type, with an inhibitory constant (Ki) 0.22 ± 0.0 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Dong Su
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University , Daejeon , Republic of Korea
| | - Rui Hong Guo
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University , Daejeon , Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Young Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University , Daejeon , Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ho Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University , Daejeon , Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ran Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Drug Development, Chonnam National University , Gwangju , Republic of Korea
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Hu YM, Liu WJ, Li MX, Li HB, Jiang T, Cheng NB, Huang WZ, Wang ZZ, Zhu HX, Xiao W. Two new labdane diterpenoids from aerial parts of Leonurus japonicus and their anti-inflammatory activity. Nat Prod Res 2018; 33:2490-2497. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2018.1455040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Mei Hu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Lianyungang, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Lianyungang, PR China
- Jiangsu Botanical Medicine Refine Engineering Research Center, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Wen-Jun Liu
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Lianyungang, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Lianyungang, PR China
| | - Meng-Xuan Li
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Lianyungang, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Lianyungang, PR China
| | - Hai-Bo Li
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Lianyungang, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Lianyungang, PR China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Lianyungang, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Lianyungang, PR China
| | - Ning-Bo Cheng
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Lianyungang, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Lianyungang, PR China
| | - Wen-Zhe Huang
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Lianyungang, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Lianyungang, PR China
| | - Zhen-Zhong Wang
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Lianyungang, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Lianyungang, PR China
| | - Hua-Xu Zhu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
- Jiangsu Botanical Medicine Refine Engineering Research Center, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Wei Xiao
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Lianyungang, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Lianyungang, PR China
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Chemical Constituents from Apios americana and Their Inhibitory Activity on Tyrosinase. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23010232. [PMID: 29361770 PMCID: PMC6017567 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23010232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of this study was to identify phytochemicals with inhibitory activity against tyrosinase. Nine compounds 1–9 were isolated from the tubers of Apios americana. This is the first report of aromadendrin 5-methyl ether (1) being isolated from the Apios species. Among them, compounds 2 and 8 showed inhibitory activity toward tyrosinase. Based on a Dixon plot, the potential Ki values of competitive inhibitors 2 and 8 were calculated as 10.3 ± 0.8 µM and 44.2 ± 1.7 µM, respectively. An IC50 value of 13.2 ± 1.0 µM was calculated for the slow-binding inhibitor 2 after preincubation with tyrosinase. Additionally, the predicted binding sites between the receptor and ligand, as well as secondary structure changes, in the presence of 2 were examined by molecular simulation.
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