Structural elucidation of a pectin-type polysaccharide from Hovenia dulcis peduncles and its proliferative activity on RAW264.7 cells

Strategies and Challenges of Microbiota Regulation in Baijiu Brewing

The traditional Chinese Baijiu brewing process utilizes natural inoculation and open fermentation. The microbial composition and abundance in the microecology of Baijiu brewing often exhibit unstable characteristics, which directly results in fluctuations in Baijiu quality. The microbiota plays a crucial role in determining the quality of Baijiu. Analyzing the driving effect of technology and raw materials on microorganisms. Elucidating the source of core microorganisms and interactions between microorganisms, and finally utilizing single or multiple microorganisms to regulate and intensify the Baijiu fermentation process is an important way to achieve high efficiency and stability in the production of Baijiu. This paper provides a systematic review of the composition and sources of microbiota at different brewing stages. It also analyzes the relationship between raw materials, brewing processes, and brewing microbiota, as well as the steps involved in the implementation of brewing microbiota regulation strategies. In addition, this paper considers the feasibility of using Baijiu flavor as a guide for Baijiu brewing regulation by synthesizing the microbiota, and the challenges involved. This paper is a guide for flavor regulation and quality assurance of Baijiu and also suggests new research directions for regulatory strategies for other fermented foods.

Structural characterization and anti-inflammatory activities of a purified polysaccharide from fruits remnants of Alpinia zerumbet (Pers.) Burtt. et Smith

We reported here an interesting source of Alpinia zerumbet Polysaccharides (named AZPs) from the residues after extracting essential oil by steam distillation from Alpinia zerumbet fructus. After a series of purifications, a homogeneous polysaccharide (AZP-2) of molecular weight 1.25 × 105 Da was obtained. Structure, anti-inflammatory activity, and anti-inflammatory mechanism were investigated. AZP-2 was mainly composed of galactose, arabinose, xylopyranose, glucose, and galacturonic acid. The main linkage structure of AZP-2 was determined after integrating the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and methylation analysis, and the structure was comparatively complex. The results indicated that AZP-2 significantly decreased the production of NO and ROS in the inflammatory model established by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated RAW264.7, particularly at the concentration of 200 μg/mL. Furthermore, AZP-2 significantly modulated the secretion of both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Notably, the mechanism of AZP-2 exhibiting inhibitory effects was related to regulating the NF-κB signaling pathway. Overall, AZP-2 could be used as a potential anti-inflammatory agent for further in-depth studies.

A review on extraction, purification, structural characteristics, biological activities, applications of polysaccharides from Hovenia dulcis Thunb. (Guai Zao)

Hovenia dulcis Thunb. (H. dulcis) is a widely distributed plant with a long history of cultivation and consumption. As a common plant, it has economic, edible and medicinal value. H. dulcis polysaccharides are one of their main bioactive ingredients and have many health benefits, such as anti-diabetes, antioxidation, anti-glycosylation, anti-fatigue, immune regulation activities and alcoholic liver disease protection activity. In this paper, the research progress of H. dulcis polysaccharides in extraction, purification, structural characteristics, biological activities, existing and potential applications were reviewed, which could provide new valuable insights for future studies.

The improvement of Hovenia acerba-sorghum co-fermentation in terms of microbial diversity, functional ingredients, and volatile flavor components during Baijiu fermentation

The quality of Baijiu was largely affected by raw materials, which determine the flavor and taste. In the present study, organic acids, polyphenols, volatile flavor components and microbial community in Hovenia acerba-sorghum co-fermented Baijiu (JP1) and pure sorghum-fermented Baijiu (JP2) were comprehensively analyzed. Organic acids, polyphenols and volatile flavor components in JP1 were more abundant than JP2. The abundance and diversity of bacteria and fungi in JP1 was higher than that in JP2 in the early stage of fermentation, but presented opposite trend in the middle and late stages. Leuconostoc, Lentilactobacillus and Issatchenkia were dominant genera in JP1. Whereas, Cronobacter, Pediococcus and Saccharomyces occupied the main position in JP2. Lentilactobacillus and Issatchenkia were positively related to most of organic acids and polyphenols. Pseudomonas, Rhodococcus, Cronobacter, Pediococcus, Brucella, Lentilactobacillus, Lactobacillus, Saccharomycopsis, Wickerhamomyces, Aspergillus, Thermomyces and unclassified_f-Dipodascaccae were associated with the main volatile flavor components. The main metabolic pathways in two JPs exhibited the variation trend of first decreasing and then increasing, and the metabolism activity in JP1 were higher than that in JP2. The results demonstrated the introduction of Hovenia acerba improved the functional ingredients and volatile flavor components, which is helpful for the quality promotion of Baijiu. This study identified the key microorganisms and discussed their effect on organic acids, polyphenols and volatile flavor components during the fermentation of Baijiu with different raw materials, providing a scientific basis for the development and production of high-quality Baijiu.

A structure defined pectin SA02B from Semiaquilegia adoxoides is metabolized by human gut microbes

Polysaccharide is one of the major factors for shaping the gut microbiota. However, bioactivity of polysaccharide isolated from Semiaquilegia adoxoides on human gut microbiota remains unclear. Thus, we hypothesize gut microbes may act on it. Herein, pectin SA02B from the roots of Semiaquilegia adoxoides with molecular weight 69.26 kDa was elucidated. The backbone of SA02B was composed of alternate 1, 2-linked α-Rhap and 1, 4-linked α-GalpA, with branches of terminal (T) -, 1, 4-, 1, 3- and 1, 3, 6-linked β-Galp, T-, 1, 5- and 1, 3, 5-linked α-Araf and T-, 1, 4-linked-β-Xylp substituted at C-4 of 1, 2, 4-linked α-Rhap. Bioactivity screening showed SA02B promoted the growth of Bacteroides spp. which deconstructed it into monosaccharide. Simultaneously, we observed competition might exist between Bacteroides spp. and probiotics. Besides, we found that both Bacteroides spp. and probiotics could generate SCFAs grown on SA02B. Our findings highlight SA02B may deserve as a prebiotic to be explored to benefit the health gut microbiota.

Structural characterization and anti-inflammatory activity of a novel neutral polysaccharide isolated from Smilax glabra Roxb

Crude polysaccharides isolated from Smilax glabra were screened for anti-inflammatory activity using mice ear swelling animal experiments, during which the neutral polysaccharide S1 was identified. The structural characteristics and anti-inflammatory effects of the anti-inflammatory S1 polysaccharide were then investigated. The results showed that S1 was mainly composed of rhamnose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, xylose, and mannose. The structure of the main chain consisted of →6)-α-Galp-(1 → 6)-β-Galp-(1 → 4)-α-Xylp-(1 → 6)-β-Galp-(1→, with branched chains comprising α-Araf-(1 → 4)-α → Manp-(1 → and β-Rhap-(1 → 4)-α-Glcp-(1 → units. Furthermore, S1 did not have a triple helix conformation. S1 could inhibit NO secretion, reduce the levels of pro-inflammatory factors (IL-6 and TNF-α), and significantly reduce LPS-stimulated inflammatory damage in RAW 264.7 cells by inhibiting activation of the NF-κB (p65) pathway. These results shed light on the possibility of S1 to be developed as a novel anti-inflammatory drug for therapeutic purposes.

Novel Pectic Polysaccharides Isolated from Immature Honey Pomelo Fruit with High Immunomodulatory Activity

A novel pectic polysaccharide (HPP-1) with high immunomodulatory activity was extracted and isolated from the immature honey pomelo fruit (Citrus grandis). Characterization of its chemical structure indicated that HPP-1 had a molecular weight of 59,024 D. In addition, HPP-1 was primarily composed of rhamnose, arabinose, fucose, mannose, and galactose at a molar ratio of 1.00:11.12:2.26:0.56:6.40. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, periodic acid oxidation, and Smith degradation results showed that HPP-1 had α- and β-glycosidic linkages and 1 → 2, 1 → 4, 1 → 6, and 1 → 3 glycosidic bonds. ¹³C NMR and ¹H NMR analyses revealed that the main glycogroups included 1,4-D-GalA, 1,6-β-D-Gal, 1,6-β-D-Man, 1,3-α-L-Ara, and 1,2-α-L-Rha. Immunomodulatory bioactivity analysis using a macrophage RAW264.7 model in vitro revealed that NO, TNF-α, and IL-6 secretions were all considerably increased by HPP-1. Moreover, RT-PCR results showed that HPP-1-induced iNOS, TNF-α, and IL-6 expression was significantly increased in macrophages. HPP-1-mediated activation in macrophages was due to the stimulation of the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways based on western blot analyses. HPP-1 extracted from immature honey pomelo fruit has potential applications as an immunomodulatory supplement.

Structural Characteristics, Antioxidant, and Immunostimulatory Activities of an Acidic Polysaccharide from Raspberry Pulp

The extraction and characterization of new bioactive plant-derived polysaccharides with the potential for use as functional foods and medicine have attracted much attention. In the present study, A novel acidic polysaccharide (RPP-3a) with a weight-average molecular weight (Mw) of 88,997 Da was isolated from the raspberry pulp. RPP-3a was composed of rhamnose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, mannose, and galacturonic acid at a molar ratio of 13.1:28.6:16.8:1.4:6.2:33.9. Structural analysis suggested that the RPP-3a backbone was composed of repeating units of →4)-β-Galp-(1→3,4)-α-Rhap-(1→[4)-α-GalAp-(1→4)-α-GalAp-(1→]_n with branches at the C-4 position of rhamnose. The side chain of RPP-3a, containing two branch levels, was comprised of α-Araf-(1→, →5)-α-Araf-(1→, →3,5)-α-Araf-(1→, →3)-β-Galp-(1→, →3,6)-β-Galp-(1→, →4)-β-Glcp-(1→, and →2,6)-α-Manp-1→ residues. RPP-3a exhibited moderate reducing power and strong hydroxyl and superoxide anion radical scavenging abilities. RPP-3a significantly promoted the viability of RAW264.7 macrophages by increasing the production of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) at both the expression and transcriptional levels. In summary, the immunostimulatory and antioxidant activities make RPP-3a a viable candidate as a health-beneficial functional dietary supplement.

Structural features and anticancer mechanisms of pectic polysaccharides: A review

The anticancer activity of pectic polysaccharides (PPs) was proved by numerous studies, and which also indicated that the bioactivity of PPs was closely related to its complicated structures. Based on the summary and analysis about structure characteristics and corresponding enzymatic process of the reported PPs, the anticancer mechanism and related structural features were systematically clarified. It was found that not only the direct effects on the cancer cells by proliferation inhibition or apoptosis, but also the regulation of immune system, gut microbiota and gut metabolism as indirect effects, jointly played important roles in the anticancer of PPs. Nevertheless, during the study of PPs as promising anticancer components, the exact structure-function relationship, digestion process in vivo, and comprehensive action mechanism are still not well understanding. With the unveiling of the proposed issues, it is believed that PPs are promising to be exploited as effective cancer therapy/adjunctive therapy drugs or functional foods.

Isolation, Structural Characterization and Macrophage Activation Activity of an Acidic Polysaccharide from Raspberry Pulp

The discovery of safe and effective plant polysaccharides with immunomodulatory effects has become a research hotspot. Raspberry is an essential commercial fruit and is widely distributed, cultivated, and consumed worldwide. In the present study, a homogeneous acidic polysaccharide (RPP-2a), with a weight-average molecular weight (Mw) of 55582 Da, was isolated from the pulp of raspberries through DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow and Sephadex G-200 chromatography. RPP-2a consisted of rhamnose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, xylose, galacturonic acid and glucuronic acid, with a molar ratio of 15.4:9.6:7.6:3.2:9.1:54.3:0.8. The results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS), 1D-, and 2D-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses suggested that the backbone of RPP-2a was primarily composed of →2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→, →2,4)-α-L-Rhap-(1→, →4)-α-D-GalAp-(1→, and →3,4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→ sugar moieties, with side chains of α-L-Araf-(1→, α-L-Arap-(1→, and β-D-Galp-(1→3)-β-D-Galp-(1→ residues linked to the O-4 band of rhamnose and O-3 band of glucose residues. Furthermore, RPP-2a exhibited significant macrophage activation activity by increasing the production of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cytokines at the transcriptional level in RAW264.7 cells. Overall, the results indicate that RPP-2a can be utilized as a potential natural immune-enhancing agent.

Structure, immunostimulatory activity, and the effect of ameliorating airway inflammation of polysaccharides from Pyrus sinkiangensis Yu

Purified acid polysaccharides PSAP-1 and PSAP-2 with apparent molecular weights of 64.6 and 38.9 kDa, respectively, were isolated from Pyrus sinkiangensis Yu. through combined techniques of ion-exchange and gel permeation chromatography. Both polysaccharides were composed of predominant amounts of GalA and small amounts of Ara, Rha, and Gal. They are deduced to be native pectin-type polysaccharides containing the HG backbone consisting of α-1,4-GalAp and methyl-esterified α-1,4-GalAp residues by IR, GC-MS and NMR spectra analyses. The immunoregulatory activity test showed that PSAP-1 and PSAP-2 could increase the cell viability and the release of NO, IL-6, and TNF-α on the RAW264.7 macrophage. It indicated that PSAP-1 and PSAP-2 could increase macrophage-mediated immunostimulatory activity. The airway inflammation test of antiasthmatic mice showed that PSAP-1 could decrease the contents of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 and the number of inflammatory cells in BALF and improve the pathological changes in lung tissue. PSAP-1 could also decrease the amount of mucus secreted by goblet cells and the expression levels of NF-κB p65, IκBα, IKK, ERK, JNK, P38, and Muc5ac mRNA and increase the expression levels of TLR2 and TLR4 mRNA in lung tissues. This suggested that PSAP-1 may resist airway inflammation in mice. PSAP-1 and PSAP-2 had potential clinical application value.

Structure–immunomodulatory activity relationships of dietary polysaccharides

Polysaccharides are usually composed of more than ten monosaccharide units, which are connected by linear or branched glycosidic bonds. The immunomodulatory effect of natural polysaccharides is one of the most important bioactive function. In this review, molecular weight, monosaccharide (including galactose, mannose, rhamnogalacturonan-I arabinogalactan and uronic acid), functional groups (namely sulfate, selenium, and acetyl groups), types of glycoside bond connection (including β-1,3-D-glucosyl, α-1,4-D-glucosyl, β-1,4-D-glucosyl, α-1,6-D-glucosyl, β-1,4-D-mannosyl, and β-1,4-D-Xylopyranosyl), conformation and the branching degrees are systematically identified as their contribution to the immunostimulatory activity of polysaccharides. At present, studies on the structure-activity relationships of polysaccharides are limited due to their low purity and high heterogeneity. However, it is an important step in providing useful guidance for dietary supplements with polysaccharides. The chemical structures and the process of immune responses induced are necessary to be discussed. Polysaccharides may bind with the cell surface receptors to modulate immune responses. This review mainly discusses the structure-activity relationship of dietary polysaccharides.

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Structure - activity relationships of polysaccharides with immune-enhancing effect are proposed.

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Polysaccharides with the higher molecular weight are helpful to improve immunity.

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Higer galactose, mannose, rhamnogalacturonan-I, arabinogalacta,n and uronic acid contents have immunoregulation.

Extraction, structural characterization, and antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities of a polysaccharide from Notarchus leachii freeri eggs

The crude polysaccharides (NLCEP) were extracted from Notarchus leachii freeri eggs strings by the saltextractionmethod. The extraction conditions were optimized using the single-factorexperimentmethod and response surface method (RSM). The results showed that the maximum extraction yield of NLCEP was obtained under the following conditions: NaCl solution concentration of 2.96 %, raw material to liquid ratio of 1: 40 g/mL, extraction time of 2 h and extraction temperature of 69 °C. A new novel pure polysaccharide fraction named as NLCEPs-1 was fractionated from NLCEP by using DEAE-Cellulose 52 and Sephadex G-100. Its structure and immunomodulatory and antioxidant activities were analyzed. The results exhibited that the molecular weight of NLCEPs-1 was 31.4 kDa and it was composed of rhamnose, glucose, galactose, xylose and arabinose in the molar percentage of 11.128: 63.770: 5.439: 6.585: 13.077. The backbone of NLCEPs-1 was mainly consisted of → )4-α-d-Glcp (1→, →6)-α-d-Glcp (1→, →1)-β-d-Galp and β-d-Galp-(1→. NLCEPs-1 exhibited the strong antioxidant activity in scavenging ability of various free radicals and immunomodulatory activity by the enhancement of the pinocytic capacity, nitric oxide (NO) and cytokines.

Structural characterization and anti-inflammatory activity of a polysaccharide from the lignified okra

The polysaccharide (AP1-b) of molecular weight 6.59 × 10⁵ Da was isolated from lignified okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) by hot-water extraction, 40 % ethanol precipitation and purified by DEAE Cellulose chromatography, respectively. The structure and anti-inflammatory activity of AP1-b were investigated. AP1-b was composed of galactose, rhamnose, gluctose, arabinose and galacturonic acid in a molar ratio of 1.98:1.00:0.15:0.32:0.29. The structural features showed that the AP1-b consisted of →2)-α-d-Rhap-(1→, →4)-β-d-Galp-(1→, →4)-α-d-GalpA-(1→, →6)-β-d-Galp-(1→, β-d-Glcp-(1→ and α-l-Araf-(1→. AP1-b could observably improve the inflammatory injury of LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells by inhibiting the secretion of NO and decreasing the levels of pro-inflammatory factors (IL-1β, iNOS and TNF-α). AP1-b also inhibited the phosphorylation levels of IκB and p65 proteins, manifesting the anti-inflammatory activity of AP1-b may associated with inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway. Therefore, AP1-b had potential value in treating inflammatory injury.

Isolation, purification and structural characterization of two pectin-type polysaccharides from Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt. and their proliferation activities on RAW264.7 cells

Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt. (C.tinctoria) is an annual herb of the Compositae family with many health benefits, such as clearing heat, antioxidant and anticancer activity. In this paper, two polysaccharides were isolated from C.tinctoria, named CTAP-1 and CTAP-2, respectively. Structure of CTAP-1and CTAP-2 were elucidated by high-performance gel permeation chromatography, chemical derivative analyses, GC-MS and NMR techniques. Results reveal that they both CTAP-1 and CTAP-2 consisted of predominant amounts of galacturonic acid residues along with small amounts of arabinose, rhamnose and galactose.Both them contain homogalacturonan and rhammnogalcturan I regions in different ratio, suggesting their pectin-type features. The proliferation activities of CTAP-1 and CTAP-2 on RAW264.7 cells in vitro were detected. Results show both them have the significant proliferation effect on RAW264.7 cells when the concentration from 40 to 200 µg/mL. Given their structural characteristics and proliferation activities, the pectins are expected to be potential natural immune modulators, which need further study.

Structural characterization of Lanzhou lily (Lilium davidii var. unicolor) polysaccharides and determination of their associated antioxidant activity

BACKGROUD

The Lanzhou lily (Lilium davidii var. unicolor) is the only Lilium species that is used for both culinary and medicinal purposes in China. Its bulbs contain various bioactive substances, such as polysaccharides, saponins and colchicine. Lanzhou lily polysaccharides are known to have anti-immunity, anti-tumor and anti-oxidation functions.

RESULTS

The present study used a Box-Behnken design to optimize the ultrasound-assisted extraction of Lanzhou lily polysaccharides. Compared to other enzymes, trypsin significantly increased the polysaccharide yields, whereas the protein content of polysaccharides extracted with trypsin was the lowest. Monosaccharide mainly includes glucose (> 50%) and mannose (> 10%). 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity, chelating activity, total antioxidant capacity and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity of Lanzhou lily polysaccharides extracted with trypsin were stronger than those extracted without enzymes (control). Structural characteristics of Lanzhou lily polysaccharides extracted with trypsin and extracted without enzymes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. When water extracted polysaccharide and trypsin extracted polysaccharide concentrations were 200 μg mL^-1 , Raw264.7 proliferation rates were 101.69% and 159.41%, respectively.

CONCLUSION

The Lanzhou lily polysaccharide was identified as α-(1 → 6)-d-glucan. Consequently, the effects of both potential antioxidant and proliferative activity of trypsin are significant. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.

Comparison of Physicochemical Characteristics and Macrophage Immunostimulatory Activities of Polysaccharides from Chlamys farreri

To address the structure-activity relationship of Chlamys farreri polysaccharides on their immunostimulatory efficacy, two polysaccharides (CFP-1 and CFP-2) were extracted from Chlamys farreri by hot water extraction, and separated through column chromatography. The isolated CFPs were chemically analyzed to clarify their physicochemical characteristics and cultured with murine macrophage RAW264.7 cells, in order to evaluate their immunostimulatory efficacy. Despite the fact that both CFP-1 and CFP-2 were mainly comprised of glucose lacking the triple-helix structure, as revealed through preliminary physicochemical analyses, obvious differences in regard to molecular weight (Mw), glucuronic acid content (GAc) and branching degree (BD) were observed between CFP-1 and CFP-2. In in vitro immunostimulatory assays for macrophage RAW264.7 cells, it was demonstrated that CFP-2 with larger Mw, more GAc and BD could evidently promote phagocytosis and increase the production of NO, IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β secretion, by activating the expression of iNOS, IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β genes, respectively. Hence, CFP-2 shows great promise as a potential immunostimulatory agent in the functional foods and nutraceutical industry, while CFP-1, with lower molecular weight, less GAc and BD, displays its weaker immunostimulatory efficacy, based on the indistinctive immunostimulatory parameters of CFP-1.

Polyphenolic-Protein-Polysaccharide Complexes from Hovenia dulcis: Insights into Extraction Methods on Their Physicochemical Properties and In Vitro Bioactivities

Seven extraction methods, including hot water extraction (HWE), pressurized water extraction (PWE), ultrasound-assisted extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, ultrasound-assisted enzymatic extraction, high-speed shearing homogenization extraction, and ultrasound-microwave-assisted extraction, were utilized to extract polyphenolic-protein-polysaccharide complexes (PPPs) from Hovenia dulcis. Next, their physicochemical properties and in vitro antioxidant activities, antiglycation effects, and inhibition activities on α-glucosidase and α-amylase were studied and compared. The findings from this study indicate that various extraction processes exhibit notable influences on the physicochemical properties and in vitro bioactivities of PPPs. Extraction yields, contents of polyphenolics and flavonoids, apparent viscosities, molecular weights, molar ratios of monosaccharide compositions, and ratios of amino acid compositions in PPPs varied in different extraction methods. Furthermore, 13 phenolic compounds in PPPs, including rutin, myricitrin, myricetin, quercetin, kaempferol, protocatechuic acid, gallocatechin, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, ampelopsin, quercetin-7,4'-diglucoside, dihydroquercetin, 5-methylmyricetin, and naringenin, were identified. The relatively strong in vitro antioxidant activities, antiglycation effects, and inhibition activities on α-glucosidase and α-amylase were determined in both PPP-W and PPP-P obtained by HWE and PWE, respectively. The high content of total polyphenolics may be one of the main contributors to their in vitro bioactivities. The findings have shown that the PWE method can be an appropriate method to prepare PPPs with strong bioactivities for application in the functional food industry.

Effects of drying methods on the physicochemical characteristics and bioactivities of polyphenolic-protein-polysaccharide conjugates from Hovenia dulcis

Four drying methods, including freeze drying, hot air drying, vacuum drying, microwave drying at 400, 600, and 800 W, were applied to dry the peduncles of Hovenia dulcis. Then the effects of different drying methods on physicochemical characteristics and bioactivities of polyphenolic-protein-polysaccharides conjugates extracted from H. dulcis (PPPs) were investigated and compared. Results showed that different drying methods affected the physicochemical characteristics and bioactivities of PPPs. Noticeable variations in extraction yields, contents of total proteins, contents of total polyphenolics, contents of total flavonoids, contents of uronic acids, molecular weights, apparent viscosities, molar ratios of constituent monosaccharides, ratios of constituent amino acids, and degrees of esterification were observed in PPPs obtained by different drying methods. Besides, a total of 13 phenolic compounds in PPPs were identified by UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS. In addition, PPPs, especially PPP-M6 and PPP-V dried by microwave drying at 600 W and vacuum drying, respectively, exhibited remarkable antioxidant activities, antiglycation activities, and inhibitory activities on α-amylase and α-glucosidase. Results suggested that the microwave drying and vacuum drying techniques could be appropriate drying methods before extraction of PPPs with high bioactivities for applications in the functional food and medicine industries.