Khandibharad S, Nimsarkar P, Singh S. Mechanobiology of immune cells: Messengers, receivers and followers in leishmaniasis aiding synthetic devices.
CURRENT RESEARCH IN IMMUNOLOGY 2022;
3:186-198. [PMID:
36051499 PMCID:
PMC9424266 DOI:
10.1016/j.crimmu.2022.08.007]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokines are influential molecules which can direct cells behavior. In this review, cytokines are referred as messengers, immune cells which respond to cytokine stimulus are referred as receivers and the immune cells which gets modulated due to their plasticity induced by infectious pathogen leishmania, are referred as followers. The advantage of plasticity of cells is taken by the parasite to switch them from parasite eliminating form to parasite survival favoring form through a process called as reciprocity which is undergone by cytokines, wherein pro-inflammatory to anti-inflammatory switch occur rendering immune cell population to switch their phenotype. Detailed study of this switch can help in identification of important targets which can help in restoring the phenotype to parasite eliminating form and this can be done through synthetic circuit, finding its wider applicability in therapeutics.
Cytokines as messengers for governing reciprocity in infection.
Leishmania induces reciprocity modulating the immune cells plasticity.
Reciprocity of cytokines identifies important target for therapeutics.
Therapeutic targets aiding the design of synthetic devices to combat infection.
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