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Wudarski J, Aliabadi S, Gulia-Nuss M. Arthropod promoters for genetic control of disease vectors. Trends Parasitol 2024; 40:619-632. [PMID: 38824066 PMCID: PMC11223965 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2024.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Vector-borne diseases (VBDs) impose devastating effects on human health and a heavy financial burden. Malaria, Lyme disease, and dengue fever are just a few examples of VBDs that cause severe illnesses. The current strategies to control VBDs consist mainly of environmental modification and chemical use, and to a small extent, genetic approaches. The genetic approaches, including transgenesis/genome modification and gene-drive technologies, provide the basis for developing new tools for VBD prevention by suppressing vector populations or reducing their capacity to transmit pathogens. The regulatory elements such as promoters are required for a robust sex-, tissue-, and stage-specific transgene expression. As discussed in this review, information on the regulatory elements is available for mosquito vectors but is scant for other vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Wudarski
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA
| | - Simindokht Aliabadi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA
| | - Monika Gulia-Nuss
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA.
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Zhang C, Wang Y, Chen H, Huang J. Comparative Mitochondrial Genomes between the Genera Amiota and Phortica (Diptera: Drosophilidae) with Evolutionary Insights into D-Loop Sequence Variability. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1240. [PMID: 37372420 DOI: 10.3390/genes14061240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
To address the limited number of mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) in the subfamily Steganinae (Diptera: Drosophilidae), we assembled 12 complete mitogenomes for six representative species in the genus Amiota and six representative species in the genus Phortica. We performed a series of comparative and phylogenetic analyses for these 12 Steganinae mitogenomes, paying special attention to the commonalities and differences in the D-loop sequences. Primarily determined by the lengths of the D-loop regions, the sizes of the Amiota and Phortica mitogenomes ranged from 16,143-16,803 bp and 15,933-16,290 bp, respectively. Our results indicated that the sizes of genes and intergenic nucleotides (IGNs), codon usage and amino acid usage, compositional skewness levels, evolutionary rates of protein-coding genes (PCGs), and D-loop sequence variability all showed unambiguous genus-specific characteristics and provided novel insights into the evolutionary implications between and within Amiota and Phortica. Most of the consensus motifs were found downstream of the D-loop regions, and some of them showed distinct genus-specific patterns. In addition, the D-loop sequences were phylogenetically informative as the data sets of PCGs and/or rRNAs, especially within the genus Phortica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caihong Zhang
- Department of Entomology, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan-Lu, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yalian Wang
- Department of Entomology, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan-Lu, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hongwei Chen
- Department of Entomology, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan-Lu, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jia Huang
- Department of Entomology, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan-Lu, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
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Xu Y, Zhang S, Chen Y, Wang G, Yang D, Zhang X. Contribution to the Knowledge of Dicranoptychini (Diptera, Tipuloidea, Limoniidae) in China, with the First Mitochondrial Genome of the Tribe and Its Phylogenetic Implications. INSECTS 2023; 14:535. [PMID: 37367351 DOI: 10.3390/insects14060535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Dicranoptychini is a tribe in the subfamily Limoniinae (Diptera, Tipuloidea, and Limoniidae) and includes only the genus Dicranoptycha Osten Sacken, 1860. However, the species diversity of the tribe in China was seriously underestimated, and the taxonomic status of Dicranoptycha has long been controversial. In this study, types of Chinese Dicranoptycha species and specimens collected from several localities in China were examined, and the first mitochondrial (mt) genome of the tribe Dicranoptychini is presented. Two Dicranoptycha species, D. jiufengshana sp. nov. and D. shandongensis sp. nov., from China, are described and illustrated as new to science. A Palaearctic species, D. prolongata Alexander, 1938, is recorded in China for the first time. In addition, the complete mt genome of D. shandongensis sp. nov. is sequenced and annotated, indicating that it is a typical circular DNA molecule with a length of 16,157 bp and shows a similar gene order, nucleotide composition, and codon usage to mt genomes of other Tipuloidea species. The two pairs of repeat elements are found in its control region. Phylogenetic results confirm the sister-group relationship between Cylindrotomidae and Tipulidae, question the position of the genus Epiphragma Osten Sacken, 1860 in Limoniidae, and indicate that Dicranoptychini may be a basal lineage within Limoniinae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Xu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-Products Safety, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, Agricultural College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Shenglin Zhang
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Yaru Chen
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Guoquan Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-Products Safety, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, Agricultural College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Ding Yang
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
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Fang X, Wang X, Mao B, Xiao Y, Shen M, Fu Y. Comparative mitogenome analyses of twelve non-biting flies and provide insights into the phylogeny of Chironomidae (Diptera: Culicomorpha). Sci Rep 2023; 13:9200. [PMID: 37280228 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36227-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The family Chironomidae is represented by seven subfamilies in China, among which Chironominae and Orthocladiinae are the most diverse. To gain a better understanding of the architecture and evolution of the mitogenomes of Chironomidae, we sequenced mitogenomes of twelve species (including two published species) of the two subfamilies Chironominae and Orthocladiinae, and comparative mitogenomic analyses were performed. Thus, we identified highly conserved genome organization of twelve species with regard to genome content, nucleotide and amino acid composition, codon usage, and gene characteristics. The Ka/Ks values of most protein-coding genes were far smaller than 1, indicating that these genes were evolving under purifying selection. Phylogenetic relationships between the family Chironomidae were reconstructed using 23 species representing six subfamilies, based on protein-coding genes and rRNAs using Bayesian Inference and Maximum Likelihood. Our results suggested the following relationship within the Chironomidae: (Podonominae + Tanypodinae) + (Diamesinae + (Prodiamesinae + (Orthocladiinae + Chironominae))). This study contributes to the mitogenomic database of Chironomidae, which will be significant for studing the mitogenome evolution of Chironomidae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangliang Fang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie Mountains, Hubei Zhongke Research Institute of Industrial Technology, College of Biology and Agricultural Resources, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang City, 438000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinhua Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Bin Mao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie Mountains, Hubei Zhongke Research Institute of Industrial Technology, College of Biology and Agricultural Resources, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang City, 438000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunli Xiao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie Mountains, Hubei Zhongke Research Institute of Industrial Technology, College of Biology and Agricultural Resources, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang City, 438000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Mi Shen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie Mountains, Hubei Zhongke Research Institute of Industrial Technology, College of Biology and Agricultural Resources, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang City, 438000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Fu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie Mountains, Hubei Zhongke Research Institute of Industrial Technology, College of Biology and Agricultural Resources, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang City, 438000, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
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An Y, Li C, Li J, Wang Y. The complete mitochondrial genome of Simulium jisigouense (Diptera: Simuliidae) and phylogenetic analysis of Simuliidae. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.932601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The family Simuliidae belongs to Diptera whose systematic position is still strongly debated. A few mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) of Simuliidae and none of the subgenus Montisimulium in the genus Simulium have previously been available. Therefore, the mitogenome of Simulium jisigouense Chen, Zhang and Liu, 2008 was sequenced to better understand the diversity of mitogenomes within this family. The complete mitogenome of S. jisigouense was 16,384 bp long. It contained 37 genes including 22 tRNAs, 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), and 2 rRNAs, and an A + T-rich region, which was the same as the arrangement of mitogenomes of ancestral insects. Almost all PCGs used the typical ATN as start codons, except COI used TTG. Almost all tRNAs could be folded into cloverleaf structures except the dihydrouridine (DHU) arm of tRNASer(AGN), which formed a loop. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that Simuliidae was monophyletic and was the sister group to Thaumaleidae. Subgenus Simulium was recovered as paraphyletic and needs more comprehensive sampling in future studies. Divergence time estimation showed that Simuliidae diverged from Thaumaleidae at 239.24 Ma and the subgenera of Simulium diverged from each other from 162.46 to 75.08 Ma.
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Trinca V, Uliana JVC, Ribeiro GKS, Torres TT, Monesi N. Characterization of the mitochondrial genomes of Bradysia hygida, Phytosciara flavipes and Trichosia splendens (Diptera: Sciaridae) and novel insights on the control region of sciarid mitogenomes. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 31:482-496. [PMID: 35332955 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Sciarids, also called "fungus gnats" are small, almost entirely dark-coloured insects. Sciarid larvae feed on different substrates and can infest agricultural crops and mushroom nurseries, causing economic losses. Of the 2174 Diptera mitogenome sequences currently available in GenBank, only eight are from the Sciaridae family, none of which are complete circular molecules. Here we describe the mitogenome sequences of three sciarid species: Phytosciara flavipes, Trichosia splendens and Bradysia hygida and provide novel insights on the control region of sciarid mitogenomes. The assembled mitogenomes range from 16,062 bp in P. flavipes to 17,095 bp in B. hygida. All 13 protein coding genes, 22 tRNAs and 2 rRNAs characteristic of insect mitogenomes were identified, but the sequence of the control region could not be determined. Experimental results suggest that the B. hygida control region is about 21 kb long resulting in a 37 kb long mitogenome which constitutes the largest insect mitochondrial genome described so far. Phylogenetic analysis using all Bibionomorpha mitogenome sequences available in GenBank strongly supports the Sciaridae monophyly and led to the identification of species and subfamily specific gene rearrangements. Our study extends the knowledge of this large and diverse insect family that includes agricultural pest species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitor Trinca
- Programa de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - João Vitor Cardoso Uliana
- Programa de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Geyza Katrinny Sousa Ribeiro
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Teixeira Torres
- Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nadia Monesi
- Programa de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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