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Barros AB, Teles FB, Araújo DD, Da Silva DA, Santos LBPD, Aldeman NLS, Cajado AG, Assef ANB, Wilke DV, Lima-Junior RCP, Araújo AJ, Marinho-Filho JDB. Combining cashew gum with cyclophosphamide in murine melanoma model: A strategy for the reduction of side effects. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 275:133588. [PMID: 38960246 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
The understanding of cancer immunity and antitumor factors generated by natural polysaccharides is not yet fully comprehended. Polysaccharides, like cashew gum (CG), can exhibit immunomodulatory action and may assist in the antitumor process and side effects relieve. This study aimed to determine the antitumor effect of CG alone or in combination with cyclophosphamide (CTX), and its interactions with immune cells, in a murine melanoma model, using the B16-F10 cell line. Tumor growth inhibition, hematological, histopathological, ELISA, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, and qRT-PCR analyses were performed to elucidate the antitumor potential, involvement of immune cells, and potential toxic effects. CG showed significant tumor growth inhibition, reaching up to 42.9 % alone and 51.4 % in combination with CTX, with mild toxicity to organs. CG enhanced leukocyte count, even in the presence of CTX. Furthermore, CG influenced the activation of tumor-associated macrophages (TAM), characterized by an increase in Il4, as well as a reduction in Ifng, Il1b, Tgfb, and Il6 gene expression. Nevertheless, these effects did not compromise the antitumor activity of CG. In summary, the combination of CG with CTX is a promising approach for leukopenia, one of the most important side effects of cancer treatment and deserves further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayslan Batista Barros
- Universidade Federal do Delta do Parnaíba, Núcleo de Pesquisa e Pós-graduação, 64.202-020 Parnaíba, PI, Brazil
| | - Felipe Barros Teles
- Núcleo de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Medicamentos, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, 60430-160 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Dakson Douglas Araújo
- Universidade Federal do Delta do Parnaíba, Núcleo de Pesquisa e Pós-graduação, 64.202-020 Parnaíba, PI, Brazil
| | - Durcilene Alves Da Silva
- Universidade Federal do Delta do Parnaíba, Núcleo de Pesquisa e Pós-graduação, 64.202-020 Parnaíba, PI, Brazil
| | | | - Nayze Lucena Sangreman Aldeman
- Universidade Federal do Delta do Parnaíba, Núcleo de Pesquisa e Pós-graduação, 64.202-020 Parnaíba, PI, Brazil; Faculdade de Ciências Humanas, Exatas e da Saúde do Piauí, Instituto de Educação Superior do Vale do Parnaíba, 64212-790 Parnaíba, Brazil
| | - Aurilene Gomes Cajado
- Núcleo de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Medicamentos, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, 60430-160 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Alexia Nathália Brígido Assef
- Núcleo de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Medicamentos, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, 60430-160 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Diego Veras Wilke
- Núcleo de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Medicamentos, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, 60430-160 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Roberto Cesar Pereira Lima-Junior
- Núcleo de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Medicamentos, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, 60430-160 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Ana Jérsia Araújo
- Universidade Federal do Delta do Parnaíba, Núcleo de Pesquisa e Pós-graduação, 64.202-020 Parnaíba, PI, Brazil
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Zhou Y, Kuerman M, Zhou Q, Hou B, Li B, Li Y, Zhang L, Liu T. Lacticaseibacillus casei K11 exerts immunomodulatory effects by enhancing natural killer cell cytotoxicity via the extracellular regulated-protein kinase pathway. Eur J Nutr 2024; 63:1867-1876. [PMID: 38592520 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-024-03390-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Probiotics can serve as immunomodulators that regulate the activation of immune cells. This study aimed to screen potential probiotic strains that can enhance NK cell toxicity to improve host immunity. METHODS In this investigation, we examined three potential probiotic strains, namely Lactiplantibacillus plantarum YZX21 (YZX21), Bifidobacterium bifidum FL-276.1 (FL-276.1) and Lacticaseibacillus casei K11 (K11), to assess their capacity in modulating NK cytotoxicity both in vitro and in vivo, while elucidating the underlying mechanisms involved. RESULTS The findings demonstrated that K11 exhibited superior efficacy in enhancing NK cytotoxicity. Subsequent analysis revealed that K11 significantly augmented the secretion of perforin and granzyme B by NK cells through activation of receptors NKp30 and NKp46 via the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway. Furthermore, heat-inactivated K11 also enhanced NK cell activity to an extent comparable to live bacteria, with lipoteichoic acid from K11 identified as a crucial factor mediating the activation of NK cell cytotoxicity. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that K11 may have potential applications as probiotics or postbiotics for regulating NK cell cytotoxicity to enhance immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, N-O-1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Malina Kuerman
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, N-O-1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, N-O-1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Baochao Hou
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy, Hohhot, 010000, China
| | - Baolei Li
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy, Hohhot, 010000, China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Lanwei Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, N-O-1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Tongjie Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, N-O-1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao, 266003, China.
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3
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Wang W, Zhao B, Zhang Z, Kikuchi T, Li W, Jantrawut P, Feng F, Liu F, Zhang J. Natural polysaccharides and their derivatives targeting the tumor microenvironment: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 268:131789. [PMID: 38677708 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Polysaccharides have gained attention as valuable supplements and natural medicinal resources, particularly for their anti-tumor properties. Their low toxicity and potent anti-tumor effects make them promising candidates for cancer prevention and treatment. The tumor microenvironment is crucial in tumor development and offers potential avenues for novel cancer therapies. Research indicates that polysaccharides can positively influence the tumor microenvironment. However, the structural complexity of most anti-tumor polysaccharides, often heteropolysaccharides, poses challenges for structural analysis. To enhance their pharmacological activity, researchers have modified the structure and properties of natural polysaccharides based on structure-activity relationships, and they have discovered that many polysaccharides exhibit significantly enhanced anti-tumor activity after chemical modification. This article reviews recent strategies for targeting the tumor microenvironment with polysaccharides and briefly discusses the structure-activity relationships of anti-tumor polysaccharides. It also summarises the main chemical modification methods of polysaccharides and discusses the impact of chemical modifications on the anti-tumor activity of polysaccharides. The review aims to lay a theoretical foundation for the development of anti-tumor polysaccharides and their derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhongtao Zhang
- Tumor Precise Intervention and Translational Medicine Laboratory, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian 271000, China; Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Anti-drug Resistant Drug Research, Taian City Central Hospital, Taian 271000, China
| | - Takashi Kikuchi
- Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1094, Japan
| | - Wei Li
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, Miyama 2-2-1, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan
| | - Pensak Jantrawut
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Feng Feng
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - FuLei Liu
- Tumor Precise Intervention and Translational Medicine Laboratory, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian 271000, China; Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Anti-drug Resistant Drug Research, Taian City Central Hospital, Taian 271000, China.
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Chen W, Li C, Jiang X. Advanced Biomaterials with Intrinsic Immunomodulation Effects for Cancer Immunotherapy. SMALL METHODS 2023; 7:e2201404. [PMID: 36811240 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202201404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, tumor immunotherapy has achieved significant success in tumor treatment based on immune checkpoint blockers and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy. However, about 70-80% of patients with solid tumors do not respond to immunotherapy due to immune evasion. Recent studies found that some biomaterials have intrinsic immunoregulatory effects, except serve as carriers for immunoregulatory drugs. Moreover, these biomaterials have additional advantages such as easy functionalization, modification, and customization. In this review, the recent advances of these immunoregulatory biomaterials in cancer immunotherapy and their interaction with cancer cells, immune cells, and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment are summarized. Finally, the opportunities and challenges of immunoregulatory biomaterials used in the clinic and the prospect of their future in cancer immunotherapy are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhi Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology and Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nanotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology and Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nanotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Xiqun Jiang
- MOE Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology and Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nanotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
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Farooqi AA, Rakhmetova V, Kapanova G, Mussakhanova A, Tashenova G, Tulebayeva A, Akhenbekova A, Xu B. Suppressive effects of bioactive herbal polysaccharides against different cancers: From mechanisms to translational advancements. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 110:154624. [PMID: 36584608 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fueled by rapidly evolving comprehension of multifaceted nature of cancers, recently emerging preclinical and clinical data have supported researchers in the resolution of knowledge gaps to deepen the understanding of the molecular mechanisms. The extra-ordinary and bewildering chemical diversity encompassed by biologically active natural products continues to be of relevance to drug discovery. Accumulating evidence has spurred a remarkable evolution of concepts related to pharmacological target of oncogenic signaling pathways by polysaccharides in different cancers. PURPOSE The objective of the current review is to provide new insights into study progress on anticancer effects of bioactive herbal polysaccharides. METHODS PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and other databases were searched for articles related to anticancer effects of polysaccharides. Searches were conducted to locate relevant publications published up to October 2022. RESULTS Polysaccharides have been reported to pleiotropically modulate TGF/SMAD, BMP/SMAD, TLR4, mTOR, CXCR4 and VEGF/VEGFR cascades. We have also summarized how different polysaccharides regulated apoptosis and non-coding RNAs. Additionally, this mini-review describes increasingly sophisticated understanding related to polysaccharides mediated tumor suppressive and anti-metastatic effects in tumor-bearing mice. We have also provided an overview of the clinical trials related to chemopreventive role of polysaccharides. CONCLUSION Genomic and proteomic findings from these studies will facilitate 'next-generation' clinical initiatives in the prevention/inhibition of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gulnara Kapanova
- Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 al-Farabi Ave, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; Scientific Center of Anti-infectious Drugs, 75 a al-Faraby Ave, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Akmaral Mussakhanova
- Department of Public Health and Management, Astana Medical University, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Gulnara Tashenova
- Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Kazakhstan; JSC "Scientific Center of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery", Kazakhstan
| | | | | | - Baojun Xu
- Food Science and Technology Program, Department of Life Sciences, BNU-HKBU United International College, 2000, Jintong Road, Tangjiawan, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519087, China.
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Li H, Wang Y, Chen Y, Wang S, Zhao Y, Sun J. Arabinogalactan from Ixeris chinensis (Thunb.) Nakai as a stabilizer to decorate SeNPs and enhance their anti-hepatocellular carcinoma activity via the mitochondrial pathway. J Carbohydr Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/07328303.2022.2105860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Li
- College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Shandong, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Chen
- College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Shandong, China
| | - Shuxin Wang
- College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Shandong, China
| | - Yifan Zhao
- College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Shandong, China
| | - Jinyuan Sun
- Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
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7
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Dong J, Qian Y, Zhang G, Lu L, Zhang S, Ji G, Zhao A, Xu H. Can Natural Products be Used to Overcome the Limitations of Colorectal Cancer Immunotherapy? Front Oncol 2022; 12:884423. [PMID: 35600371 PMCID: PMC9114697 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.884423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common cancer of the digestive system that endangers human health. Immunotherapy is widely used in the treatment of patients with cancer. Some patients with dMMR/MSI-H CRC benefit from treatments that use immune checkpoint inhibitors, but most CRC patients are not sensitive to immunotherapy. Furthermore, internal resistance and immune escape lead to a reduced immunotherapy response. Therefore, the development of an effective combination therapy to improve the response rate to immunotherapy is a goal of cancer research. Natural products are potential candidates for comprehensive cancer treatments due to their wide range of immunomodulatory effects through multifactorial underlying mechanisms. In this review, we summarize the challenges in the treatment of CRC and assess the immunomodulatory effects of natural products and their active components. Our work suggests that natural products represent potential options for combined CRC immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahuan Dong
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yufan Qian
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangtao Zhang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengan Zhang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang Ji
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Aiguang Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hanchen Xu
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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He F, Zhang S, Li Y, Chen X, Du Z, Shao C, Ding K. The structure elucidation of novel arabinogalactan LRP1-S2 against pancreatic cancer cells growth in vitro and in vivo. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 267:118172. [PMID: 34119144 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The fruit of Lycium ruthenicum Murr is used as traditional medicine and functional food. Previously we reported that one RG-I pectin from this fruit might inhibit pancreatic cancer cells growth. We further hypothesized that there might be other type of polysaccharides in this fruit also have anti-tumor effect. Here, we showed novel structure of a homogeneous polysaccharide named LRP1-S2 from this fruit and its anti-pancreatic cancer effect. Structure analyses suggested that LRP1-S2 was a novel arabinogalactan with the molecular weight (Mw) of 17.0 kDa. Bioactivity test showed that LRP1-S2 might attenuate the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and in vivo without significant cytotoxicity to normal pancreatic HPDE6-C7 cells and LO2 liver cells. Mechanism study indicated that it might induce apoptosis of BxPC-3 by inactivating P38 MAPK/NF-κB and GSK-3β/β-Catenin signaling pathways. These results suggested that LRP1-S2 could be a potential anti-tumor leading compound for functional food and new drug development. CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS: arabinogalactan, pectin, galactan, arabinan, RN-1, HH1-1, LRP1-S2, LRP3-S1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei He
- Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Shihai Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Yanan Li
- Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Xia Chen
- Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Zhenyun Du
- Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Chenghao Shao
- Department of General Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), No.415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, PR China.
| | - Kan Ding
- Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
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9
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Zhang W, An EK, Park HB, Hwang J, Dhananjay Y, Kim SJ, Eom HY, Oda T, Kwak M, Lee PCW, Jin JO. Ecklonia cava fucoidan has potential to stimulate natural killer cells in vivo. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 185:111-121. [PMID: 34119543 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fucoidan is a sulfated polysaccharide, derived from various marine brown seaweeds, that has immunomodulatory effects. In this study, we analyzed the effects of five different fucoidans, which were extracted from Ascophyllum nodosum, Undaria pinnatifida, Macrocystis pyrifera, Fucus vesiculosus, and Ecklonia cava, on natural killer (NK) cell activation in mice. Among these, E. cava fucoidan (ECF) promoted an increase in the number of NK cells in the spleen and had the strongest effect on the activation of NK cells. Additionally, we observed that DC stimulation was required for NK cell activation and that ECF had the most potent effect on splenic dendritic cells (DC). Finally, ECF treatment effectively prevented infiltration of CT-26 carcinoma cells in the lungs of BALB/c mice in an NK cell dependent manner. Collectively, these results suggest that ECF could be a suitable candidate for enhancing NK cell-mediated anti-cancer immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Eun-Koung An
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea; Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Bin Park
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea; Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Juyoung Hwang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea; Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Yadav Dhananjay
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Jung Kim
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Yun Eom
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Tatsuya Oda
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Fisheries, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Minseok Kwak
- Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, South Korea
| | - Peter Chang-Whan Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, ASAN Medical Center, Seoul 05505, South Korea.
| | - Jun-O Jin
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea; Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea.
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10
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Carlotto J, de Almeida Veiga A, de Souza LM, Cipriani TR. Polysaccharide fractions from Handroanthus heptaphyllus and Handroanthus albus barks: Structural characterization and cytotoxic activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 165:849-856. [PMID: 33010272 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.09.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Barks of trees of the genus Handroanthus are known for their antitumor activity, which is attributed to naphthoquinones. Another class of molecules that has shown antitumor activity are the polysaccharides, however those from Handroanthus barks have never been studied. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to extract polysaccharides from H. heptaphyllus and H. albus barks, to characterize them structurally and to evaluate their cytotoxic effects on the human colon and human breast cancer cell lines, Caco-2 and MCF-7, respectively. The polysaccharides were extracted with boiling water and fractionated by freeze-thawing process. The soluble polysaccharide fractions HHBSF and HABSF were characterized by monosaccharide composition, methylation and NMR analyses, and their effects on proliferation of Caco-2 and MCF-7 cells were evaluated using MTT cell viability assay. HHBSF and HABSF were mainly constituted of galactoglucomannan, type II arabinogalactan (AGII) and type I rhamnogalacturonan (RGI), however, only HABSF significantly inhibited the growth of MCF-7 (CC50 = 327 μg/mL) and Caco-2 (CC50 = 2258 μg/mL) cells. Differences in the fine structure and proportion of their polysaccharides, and maybe in the composition of associated phenolic compounds could explain the different effects of HHBSF and HABSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Carlotto
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19046, Curitiba CEP 81.531-980, PR, Brazil
| | - Alan de Almeida Veiga
- Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba CEP 80250-060, PR, Brazil
| | - Lauro Mera de Souza
- Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba CEP 80250-060, PR, Brazil
| | - Thales Ricardo Cipriani
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19046, Curitiba CEP 81.531-980, PR, Brazil.
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11
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Huang X, Yang Y, Yang C, Li H, Cheng H, Zheng Y. Overexpression of LBX2 associated with tumor progression and poor prognosis in colorectal cancer. Oncol Lett 2020; 19:3751-3760. [PMID: 32382328 PMCID: PMC7202318 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common carcinomas with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of CRC are unclear. The aim of the present study was to establish the role that overexpression of LBX2 serves in CRC and to investigate the associated biological pathways. The difference in the expression levels of LBX2 between CRC tissues and adjacent normal colorectal tissues was assessed using the Oncomine database and Tumor Immune Estimation Resource. The expression levels of LBX2 and its prognostic significance in CRC were analyzed using a t-test and χ2 test using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression analysis were used to estimate the prognostic value of LBX2 in CRC. Furthermore, the potential mechanisms of LBX2 dysregulation and its underlying molecular mechanisms in CRC were investigated using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). LBX2 expression levels were significantly upregulated in CRC samples compared with corresponding normal colorectal tissues (P<0.05). LBX2 upregulation was correlated with advanced tumor stage (III or IV), vascular invasion, lymphatic invasion and the male sex (all P<0.05). Kaplan-Meier analyses showed that high expression levels of LBX2 were associated with a less favorable overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in CRC (all P<0.05). Multivariate analyses further confirmed that LBX2 upregulation was an independent indicator of less favorable OS and DFS (all P<0.05). In addition, LBX2 DNA hypomethylation and microRNA (miR)-378a-3p downregulation correlated with LBX2 upregulation in CRC (all P<0.05). The downregulation of miR-378a-3p in CRC was also significantly associated with less favorable OS and DFS, as demonstrated using Kaplan-Meier analyses (all P<0.05). Moreover, GSEA indicated that ‘VEGF signaling’, ‘Cell adhesion molecules CAMs’, ‘Toll-like receptor signaling’ and ‘Natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity’ signaling pathways were enriched in the high LBX2 expressing cohort (all P<0.05). Thus, overexpression of LBX2 may be associated with the development of CRC and may serve as a novel prognostic marker and therapeutic target in CRC. The mechanisms of LBX2 upregulation in CRC are possibly associated with LBX2 DNA hypomethylation and miR-378a-3p downregulation. The potential mechanisms of LBX2 upregulation in CRC might be regulated via the ‘Cell adhesion molecules CAMs’, ‘Toll-like receptor signaling’ and ‘Natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity’ signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Yujie Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Chao Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Huali Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Huangrong Cheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Yongbin Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
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