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Wang Q, Hu H, Xiong L, Jin X, Zhu T, Sun X, Zhang Z, Liu H. Structural characterization and prebiotic activity of Bletilla striata polysaccharide prepared by one-step fermentation with Bacillus Licheniformis BJ2022. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:128822. [PMID: 38114007 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Bletilla striata polysaccharide (BP) is one of the main active ingredients in Orchidaceae plant Bletilla striata. BP has a high molecular weight, high viscosity, and complex diffusion, which is not conducive to the absorption and utilization of the human body. For the first time, we produced fermented Bletilla striata polysaccharide (FBP) with a low polymerization degree using Bacillus licheniformis BJ2022 one-step fermentation. FBP was a neutral polysaccharide with the molecular weight of 6790 Da. It was composed of glucose and mannose at a molar ratio of 1:2.7. The glycosidic bonds of FBP were composed of β-1,4-linked mannose, β-1,4-linked glucose and β-1,6-linked mannose according to methylation and NMR analysis. Compared with BP, FBP has a lower viscosity and higher solubility. The scanning electron microscopy results showed that the surface of FBP was porous and honeycomb-like. The rheology properties of FBP solution were close to non-Newtonian fluid. Using in vitro fermentation, we proved that FBP could regulate human gut microbiota and significantly increase the content of Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides. Our results suggested that Bacillus licheniformis fermentation significantly improved the physical and prebiotic properties of FBP. This study provides a new strategy for developing and utilizing Bletilla striata resources in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqi Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Haiming Hu
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Lei Xiong
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Xuexia Jin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Tianxiang Zhu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Xiongjie Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Zhigang Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Wuhan 430065, PR China.
| | - Hongtao Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Wuhan 430065, PR China.
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Huan C, Zhang R, Xie L, Wang X, Wang X, Wang X, Yao J, Gao S. Plantago asiatica L. polysaccharides: Physiochemical properties, structural characteristics, biological activity and application prospects: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:128990. [PMID: 38158057 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Plantago asiatica L. (PAL), a traditional herb, has been used in East Asia for thousands of years. In recent years, polysaccharides extracted from PAL have garnered increased attention due to their outstanding pharmacological and biological properties. Previous research has established that PAL-derived polysaccharides exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antitumor, antimicrobial, immune-regulatory, intestinal health-promoting, antiviral, and other effects. Nevertheless, a comprehensive summary of the research related to Plantago asiatica L. polysaccharides (PALP) has not been reported to date. In this paper, we review the methods for isolation and purification, physiochemical properties, structural features, and biological activities of PALP. To provide a foundation for research and application in the fields of medicine and food, this review also outlines the future development prospects of plantain polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changchao Huan
- Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Avian Bioproduct Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ruizhen Zhang
- Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Avian Bioproduct Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou, China
| | - Li Xie
- Fujian Yixinbao Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Zhangzhou, China
| | - Xingyu Wang
- Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Avian Bioproduct Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaotong Wang
- Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Avian Bioproduct Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaobing Wang
- Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Avian Bioproduct Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jingting Yao
- Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Avian Bioproduct Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou, China
| | - Song Gao
- Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Avian Bioproduct Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
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El-Bahi A, Taha Y, Ait-Khouia Y, Hakkou R, Benzaazoua M. Advancing phosphate ore minerals separation with sustainable flotation reagents: An investigation into highly selective biobased depressants. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 317:102921. [PMID: 37209485 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2023.102921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Froth flotation has been a commonly employed technique to enrich natural ores by removing impurities based on the surface properties of minerals. This process involves the use of various reagents, including collectors, depressants, frothers, and activators, which are often chemically synthesized and may represent environmental risks. Therefore, there is a growing need to develop biobased reagents that offer more sustainable alternatives. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive assessment of the potential of biobased depressants as a sustainable alternative to traditional reagents in selective flotation process for phosphate ore minerals. To achieve this objective, the review investigates the extraction and the purification methods of different biobased depressants, analyzes the specific conditions for reagent interaction with minerals, and assess the biobased depressants' performance through a range of fundamental studies. These studies aim to (i) provide a better understanding of the adsorption behavior of some biobased depressants onto the surfaces of apatite, calcite, dolomite, and quartz comprised in different mineral systems by measuring their zeta potential and analyzing their Fourier transform infrared spectra before and after contact with these reagents, (ii) determine the depressants' adsorption amounts, (iii) evaluate their effect on the contact angle of bare minerals, and (iv) assess their ability to inhibit the flotation of the studied minerals. The outcomes revealed the potential use and the promising applicability of these unconventional reagents since their performance is comparable to that of conventional reagents. In addition to their good effectiveness, these biobased depressants have the added advantages of being cost effective, biodegradable, non-toxic, and ecofriendly. Nevertheless, further research and investigations are required to improve the selectivity and, consequently, the effectiveness of biobased depressants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmae El-Bahi
- Geology & Sustainable Mining Institute (GSMI), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660. Hay Moulay Rachid, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco
| | - Yassine Taha
- Geology & Sustainable Mining Institute (GSMI), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660. Hay Moulay Rachid, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco.
| | - Yassine Ait-Khouia
- Geology & Sustainable Mining Institute (GSMI), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660. Hay Moulay Rachid, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco
| | - Rachid Hakkou
- Geology & Sustainable Mining Institute (GSMI), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660. Hay Moulay Rachid, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco; IMED-Lab, Faculty of Science and Technology, Cadi Ayyad University (UCA), BP 549, Marrakech 40000, Morocco
| | - Mostafa Benzaazoua
- Geology & Sustainable Mining Institute (GSMI), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660. Hay Moulay Rachid, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco
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Kaczmarczyk K, Kruk J, Ptaszek P, Ptaszek A. Plantago Ovata Husk: An Investigation of Raw Aqueous Extracts. Osmotic, Hydrodynamic and Complex Rheological Characterisation. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041660. [PMID: 36838648 PMCID: PMC9962041 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to characterize raw aqueous extracts from Plantago ovata husk in terms of molecular chain mass, osmotic, hydrodynamic, and rheological properties. The raw extracts used in this study have not been yet investigated in the indicated research area. Determination of the molecular weight of the chains present in the extract was performed by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Osmotic properties were characterized using membrane osmometry. Rheological properties were investigated via classical rotational rheology with normal force measurements, as well as less common but equally important measurements of extensional viscosity. Two types of chains with an average molecular mass of 200 and 1780 kDa were found. The values of the first virial coefficient (B2) indicate the predominance of biopolymer-biopolymer interactions. The hydrodynamic radius established at 25 and 30 °C was 74 and 67 nm, respectively, and lower than at 40 °C (>600 nm). The first critical concentration was determined: c*=0.11 g·dL-1. The dominance of negative normal force values resulting from the formation of a pseudo-gel structure of the heteroxylates was demonstrated. Extensional viscosity measurement results revealed that the studied extracts cannot be treated as simple shear-thinning fluids, as indicated by shear flow, but should be considered as viscoelastic fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kacper Kaczmarczyk
- Department of Engineering and Machinery in Food Industry, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Kraków, ul. Balicka 122, 30-149 Kraków, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Joanna Kruk
- Department of Engineering and Machinery in Food Industry, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Kraków, ul. Balicka 122, 30-149 Kraków, Poland
| | - Paweł Ptaszek
- Department of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Kraków, ul. Balicka 122, 30-149 Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Ptaszek
- Department of Engineering and Machinery in Food Industry, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Kraków, ul. Balicka 122, 30-149 Kraków, Poland
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Chen Y, Ouyang Y, Chen X, Chen R, Ruan Q, Farag MA, Chen X, Zhao C. Hypoglycaemic and anti-ageing activities of green alga Ulva lactuca polysaccharide via gut microbiota in ageing-associated diabetic mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 212:97-110. [PMID: 35597378 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.05.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Ageing-related type 2 diabetes is a significant public health problem. Particularly, the number of cases and fatality rates of ageing-associated diabetes increase with population ageing. This study aimed to investigate the structural characterisation of Ulva lactuca polysaccharide (ULP) and the hypoglycaemic effect on ageing-associated diabetic mice using gut microbiota variation. Sugar residuals analysis showed that the purified ULP (ULP-1) comprised β-D-Xylp-(1→3)-β-D-Arap-(1→6)-β-D-Galp-(1→6)-β-D-Glcp linked to [→α-L-Rhap-(1→4)-β-D-GlcpA→]n and α-D-Manp-(1→4)-α-L-Rhap(2SO3-)-(1→2)-α-L-Rhap(4SO3-)-(1→2)-α-L-Arap-(1→2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→ as its side chains at β-D-Glcp. Moreover, ULP modulated the expression levels of p16Ink4a, MMP2, FoxO1, GLP-1/GLP-1R, STAT3, and GLUT4 to improve the status of ageing and diabetes, which was concurrent with the increased abundance of Dubosiella, Enterococcus, Romboutsia, Bifidobacterium, Kurthia, Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, Corynebacterium, Faecalibaculum, Aerococcus and Vibrio. Notably, Dubosiella, Romboutsia, Bifidobacterium, Turicibacter and Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 could serve as important intermediates for delaying ageing and diabetes. Additionally, the ULP-1 structure is strongly binding interaction with the target protein through hydrogen bonding and Van der Waals force, especially for GLP-1 (-10.34 kcal/mol), p16Ink4a (-10.51 kcal/mol) and GLP-1R (-8.57 kcal/mol). Moreover, the average length of the hydrogen bond was observed to be 2.36 MPa, which is smaller than that of the traditional hydrogen bond. Therefore, ULP has the potential to function as a nutraceutical to delay or prevent the development of ageing-related type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihan Chen
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yuezhen Ouyang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xuejin Chen
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ruoxin Chen
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Qiling Ruan
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Mohamed A Farag
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt.
| | - Xinhua Chen
- College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Chao Zhao
- College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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6
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Wan L, Yuan Z, Wu B, Jia H, Gao Z, Cao F. Dissolution behavior of arabinoxylan from sugarcane bagasse in tetrabutylammonium hydroxide aqueous solution. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 282:119037. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.119037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Zhang S, Hu J, Sun Y, Tan H, Yin J, Geng F, Nie S. Review of structure and bioactivity of the Plantago (Plantaginaceae) polysaccharides. Food Chem X 2021; 12:100158. [PMID: 34825168 PMCID: PMC8604743 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2021.100158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Plantago (Plantaginaceae) is an herbal plant, which is used in folk medicine, functional food, and dietary supplement products. Recent pharmacological and phytochemical studies have shown that polysaccharides isolated from Plantago have multiple medicinal and nutritional benefits, including improve intestinal health, hypoglycemic effect, immunomodulatory effect, etc. These health and pharmacological benefits are of great interest to the public, academia, and biotechnology industries. This paper provides an overview of recent advances in the physicochemical, structural features, and biological effects of Plantago polysaccharides and highlights the similarities and differences of the polysaccharides from different species and in different parts, including leaves, seeds, and husks. The scientific support for its use as a prebiotic is also addressed. The purpose of this review is to provide background as well as useful and up-to-date information for future research and applications of these polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Jielun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Yonggan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Huizi Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Junyi Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Fang Geng
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Shaoping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
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Qiao Y, Ye Y, Cai T, Liu Y, Han L. Antioxidant activity and rheological properties of the polysaccharides isolated from
Ribes stenocarpum
maxim with different extraction methods. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.16087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yangbo Qiao
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Qinghai University Xining China
| | - Ying Ye
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Qinghai University Xining China
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University Xining China
| | - Tingxiu Cai
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Qinghai University Xining China
| | - Yaoyao Liu
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Qinghai University Xining China
| | - Lijuan Han
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Qinghai University Xining China
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University Xining China
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Hu S, Li Y, Nie C, Zhang J, Bai X, Wu H, Shen T, Hu W, Wang J. Structure and pro-inflammatory activities of bran polysaccharides from a novel wheat kernel. J Food Biochem 2021; 46:e14008. [PMID: 34811774 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the structure and pro-inflammatory activities of water-soluble wheat bran polysaccharides (WBP) were evaluated. WBP were heteropolysaccharides consisting 60.34% arabinoxylan as the main component and 31.80% mannose residues characterized with the instrumental analyses. The result of cellular experiment displayed that WBP had significant pro-inflammatory activities by increasing the concentration of nitric oxide (NO) and up-regulating the inflammatory cytokine expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). WBP mediated macrophages RAW 264.7 pro-inflammatory response through phosphatidylinositol 3 hydroxykinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) signaling pathway by significantly promoting Akt and phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1 (PDK1) phosphorylations. Meanwhile, the expression of related phosphorylated proteins JNK and ERK1/2 was significantly up-regulated which suggested that WBP played pro-inflammatory roles by activating mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signaling pathway. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: In recent years, wheat bran generally has the phenomenon of high yield and low utilization rate. Wheat bran has rich nutritional value and contains a lot of effective biologically active substances. Based on our findings, the water-soluble polysaccharides extracted from wheat bran have significant effects on regulating immunity and can be utilized as sources of natural immune modulators. The research can develop new functions of wheat bran polysaccharides, and improve processing utilization rate and product added value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqian Hu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yanru Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Chunling Nie
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jiahui Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiaofang Bai
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Hao Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Ting Shen
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, China
| | - Weicheng Hu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, China
| | - Jianguo Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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The composition of Australian Plantago seeds highlights their potential as nutritionally-rich functional food ingredients. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12692. [PMID: 34135417 PMCID: PMC8209032 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92114-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
When wetted, Plantago seeds become covered with a polysaccharide-rich gel called mucilage that has value as a food additive and bulking dietary fibre. Industrially, the dry husk layer that becomes mucilage, called psyllium, is milled off Plantago ovata seeds, the only commercial-relevant Plantago species, while the residual inner seed tissues are either used for low value animal feed or discarded. We suggest that this practice is potentially wasting a highly nutritious resource and here describe the use of histological, physicochemical, and chromatographic analyses to compare whole seed composition/characteristics of P. ovata with 11 relatives already adapted to harsh Australian conditions that may represent novel commercial crop options. We show that substantial interspecific differences in mucilage yield and macromolecular properties are mainly a consequence of differences in heteroxylan and pectin composition and probably represent wide differences in hydrocolloid functionality that can be exploited in industry. We also show that non-mucilage producing inner seed tissues contain a substantial mannan-rich endosperm, high in fermentable sugars, protein, and fats. Whole seed Plantago flour, particularly from some species obtained from harsh Australian environments, may provide improved economic and health benefits compared to purified P. ovata psyllium husk, by retaining the functionality of the seed mucilage and providing additional essential nutrients.
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11
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Wang Y, Liu G, Liu R, Wei M, Zhang J, Sun C. EPS364, a Novel Deep-Sea Bacterial Exopolysaccharide, Inhibits Liver Cancer Cell Growth and Adhesion. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:171. [PMID: 33809909 PMCID: PMC8004136 DOI: 10.3390/md19030171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The prognosis of liver cancer was inferior among tumors. New medicine treatments are urgently needed. In this study, a novel exopolysaccharide EPS364 was purified from Vibrio alginolyticus 364, which was isolated from a deep-sea cold seep of the South China Sea. Further research showed that EPS364 consisted of mannose, glucosamine, gluconic acid, galactosamine and arabinose with a molar ratio of 5:9:3.4:0.5:0.8. The relative molecular weight of EPS364 was 14.8 kDa. Our results further revealed that EPS364 was a β-linked and phosphorylated polysaccharide. Notably, EPS364 exhibited a significant antitumor activity, with inducing apoptosis, dissipation of the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in Huh7.5 liver cancer cells. Proteomic and quantitative real-time PCR analyses indicated that EPS364 inhibited cancer cell growth and adhesion via targeting the FGF19-FGFR4 signaling pathway. These findings suggest that EPS364 is a promising antitumor agent for pharmacotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Wang
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology & Center of Deep Sea Research, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (Y.W.); (G.L.); (R.L.); (M.W.)
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
- College of Earth Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Center of Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Ge Liu
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology & Center of Deep Sea Research, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (Y.W.); (G.L.); (R.L.); (M.W.)
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
- Center of Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Rui Liu
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology & Center of Deep Sea Research, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (Y.W.); (G.L.); (R.L.); (M.W.)
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
- Center of Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Maosheng Wei
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology & Center of Deep Sea Research, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (Y.W.); (G.L.); (R.L.); (M.W.)
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
- College of Earth Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Center of Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | | | - Chaomin Sun
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology & Center of Deep Sea Research, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (Y.W.); (G.L.); (R.L.); (M.W.)
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
- Center of Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
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Cowley JM, Burton RA. The goo-d stuff: Plantago as a myxospermous model with modern utility. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 229:1917-1923. [PMID: 33220085 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Mucilage, a gel-like layer formed around wetted seeds in a process called myxospermy, has importance as a proxy for studying cell wall polysaccharide biosynthesis and interactions and as a source of valuable health supplements and hydrocolloids. Arabidopsis thaliana has provided unrivalled insight into mucilage/cell wall synthesis, but its lack of commercial utility presents an opportunity to develop an alternative myxospermous model linking genetics, chemistry and functionality. Here, we discuss recent advances in the understanding of mucilage production, composition and properties of Plantago, a promising candidate as an alternative model with economic relevance. We outline how genomic/transcriptomic and chemical analysis advances could be made to strengthen Plantago's use as a model system, through challenging but achievable approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M Cowley
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine and ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Rachel A Burton
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine and ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
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