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Hamidon TS, Idris NN, Adnan R, Haafiz MKM, Zahari A, Hussin MH. Oil palm frond-derived cellulose nanocrystals: Effect of pretreatment and elucidating its reinforcing potential in hydrogel beads. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:130239. [PMID: 38367788 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Herein, cellulose nanocrystals were synthesized from oil palm fronds (CNC-OPF) involving two pretreatment approaches, viz. autohydrolysis and soda pulping. The pretreatments were applied individually to OPF fibers to assess their influence on CNCs' physicochemical and thermal properties. CNC-OPF samples were assessed using complementary characterization techniques, which confirmed their purity and characteristics. CP/MAS 13C NMR and TEM studies revealed that autohydrolysis pretreatment yielded CNCs with effective hemicellulose and extractives removal compared to that of soda pulping. XRD analysis demonstrated that autohydrolysis-treated CNC-OPF contained a much higher crystallinity index compared to soda pulping treatment. BET measurement disclosed a relatively higher surface area and wider pore diameter of autohydrolysis-treated CNC-OPF. Autohydrolysis-treated CNCs were applied as a reinforcement filler in alginate-based hydrogel beads for the removal of 4-chlorophenol from water, which attained a qmax of 19.168 mg g-1. BET analysis revealed the less porous nature of CNC-ALG hydrogel beads which could have contributed to hydrogel beads' relatively lower adsorption capacity. The point of zero charge of CNC-ALG hydrogel beads was 4.82, suggesting their applicability only within a short solution pH range. This study directs future studies to unveil the possibilities of functionalizing CNCs in order to enhance the adsorption performance of CNC-immobilized hydrogel beads towards 4-chlorophenol and other organic contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuan Sherwyn Hamidon
- Materials Technology Research Group (MaTReC), School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia.
| | - Nor Najhan Idris
- Materials Technology Research Group (MaTReC), School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Rohana Adnan
- Materials Technology Research Group (MaTReC), School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia
| | - M K Mohamad Haafiz
- School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Azeana Zahari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M Hazwan Hussin
- Materials Technology Research Group (MaTReC), School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia.
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Mamudu U, Hussin MR, Santos JH, Lim RC. Synthesis and characterisation of sulfated-nanocrystalline cellulose in epoxy coatings for corrosion protection of mild steel from sodium chloride solution. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2023.100306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
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3
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Surface modification of cellulose nanocrystals via SI-AGET ATRP and application in waterborne coating for removing of formaldehyde. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 277:118851. [PMID: 34893261 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The hazardous indoor air pollutants of formaldehyde (HCHO) are harmful for human health. Nowadays, it is important to design and fabricate green and efficient HCHO removal materials for HCHO removal from polluted indoor air. In this manuscript, cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) as green nanomaterials were successfully surface-initiated by 2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl acetoacetate (MEAA) as functional monomer via surface-initiated Activator Generated by Electron Transfer Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (SI-AGET ATRP) for the application in removal of HCHO. The employment of CNCs/Poly(2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl acetoacetate) (CNCs@PMEAA) as nanocomposites were further implanted self-healing waterborne coating for an effective way to remove HCHO. From the result, the HCHO removal efficiency reached 97.5% of CNCs@PMEAA-type coating within 300 min at room temperature, which was much higher than that of the conventional coating (82.8%). This study provides some promising green methods for designing nanocomposite's waterborne coating to remove HCHO at room temperature.
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Hamidon TS, Yun TP, Zakaria FA, Hussin MH. Potential of zinc based-graphene oxide composite coatings on mild steel in acidic solution. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2021.100243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Gröndahl J, Karisalmi K, Vapaavuori J. Micro- and nanocelluloses from non-wood waste sources; processes and use in industrial applications. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:9842-9858. [PMID: 34713883 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm00958c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In addition to renewability and abundance, nanocellulose materials have tremendous (and variable) properties for different applications, ranging from bulk applications, such as paper and packaging reinforcement, to emerging high added-value applications, such as substrates for optoelectronics. Lignocellulosic biomass from agricultural and industrial waste sources is readily available and shows great promise as an inexpensive and sustainable raw material for nanocellulose production. However, the understanding of the potential of using non-wood based biowaste sources is not established and systematic comparisons of versatile agricultural and industrial waste sources can elucidate this complex topic. Here we present an overview of the most studied and most promising sources from agro-industrial waste, the processes to convert them into nanocellulose, some of the established and emerging applications, and discuss the advancements that are still needed for large-scale production. Sugarcane bagasse and oil palm empty fruit bunch have been the most researched waste-based sources for nanocellulose production and demonstrate the most promise due to availability and access. Industrial sources seem to have advantages over agricultural sources in collectability and ease of access. This work gives insight on the potential and the challenges of nanocellulose production from waste sources and discusses how the criteria set for nanocellulose materials in different applications can be met, thus opening new routes for circular economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julius Gröndahl
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16100, FI-00076 AALTO, Finland.
| | - Kaisa Karisalmi
- Kaisa Karisalmi, Kemira Oyj, Espoo R&D Center, Luoteisrinne 2, FI-02270 Espoo, Finland
| | - Jaana Vapaavuori
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16100, FI-00076 AALTO, Finland.
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Song P, Zhou F, Li F, Han Z, Wang L, Xu J, Zhang B, Wang M, Fan J, Zhang B. Superfine pulverisation pretreatment to enhance crystallinity of cellulose from Lycium barbarum L. leaves. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 253:117207. [PMID: 33278976 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Superfine pulverisation (SFP) pretreatment of Lycium barbarum L. leaves was performed to obtain highly crystalline cellulose. Compared with other common pulverisation methods, SFP enhanced cellulosic crystallinity by 18.3 % and 8.4 %, with and without post-acid treatments, respectively. XRD and solid-state NMR analyses showed that SFP facilitated the exposure of amorphous substances (i.e., hemicellulose and lignin) to NaOH and H2O2. Large amounts of silicon (5.5 %) and aluminium (2.1 %) were found to incorporate into the crystalline regions of SFP-produced cellulose. Further FTIR and thermogravimetric analyses revealed that SFP-produced cellulose contained large amounts of hydroxyl groups, affecting the cellulosic crystallinity and thermal stability. These findings demonstrate the potential for SFP to serve as a green technology for production of highly crystalline and mineral-rich cellulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peize Song
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Fa Zhou
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Feiyang Li
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Zhe Han
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Lan Wang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jiana Xu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Mengze Wang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Junfeng Fan
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Bolin Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
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Thomas SK, Begum PMS, Midhun Dominic CD, Salim NV, Hameed N, Rangappa SM, Siengchin S, Parameswaranpillai J. Isolation and characterization of cellulose nanowhiskers from
Acacia caesia
plant. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seena K. Thomas
- Department of Applied Chemistry Cochin University of Science and Technology Kochi India
- Postgraduate Department of Chemistry Sree Sankara College Ernakulam India
| | - P. M. Sabura Begum
- Department of Applied Chemistry Cochin University of Science and Technology Kochi India
| | | | - Nisa V. Salim
- Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology Swinburne University of Technology Hawthorn Victoria Australia
| | - Nishar Hameed
- Factory of the Future Swinburne University of Technology Hawthorn Victoria Australia
| | - Sanjay Mavinkere Rangappa
- Natural Composites Research Group Lab King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok (KMUTNB) Bangkok Thailand
| | - Suchart Siengchin
- Natural Composites Research Group Lab King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok (KMUTNB) Bangkok Thailand
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