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Żuchowska A, Baranowska P, Flont M, Brzózka Z, Jastrzębska E. Review: 3D cell models for organ-on-a-chip applications. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1301:342413. [PMID: 38553129 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) cultures do not fully reflect the human organs' physiology and the real effectiveness of the used therapy. Therefore, three-dimensional (3D) models are increasingly used in bioanalytical science. Organ-on-a-chip systems are used to obtain cellular in vitro models, better reflecting the human body's in vivo characteristics and allowing us to obtain more reliable results than standard preclinical models. Such 3D models can be used to understand the behavior of tissues/organs in response to selected biophysical and biochemical factors, pathological conditions (the mechanisms of their formation), drug screening, or inter-organ interactions. This review characterizes 3D models obtained in microfluidic systems. These include spheroids/aggregates, hydrogel cultures, multilayers, organoids, or cultures on biomaterials. Next, the methods of formation of different 3D cultures in Organ-on-a-chip systems are presented, and examples of such Organ-on-a-chip systems are discussed. Finally, current applications of 3D cell-on-a-chip systems and future perspectives are covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Żuchowska
- Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Patrycja Baranowska
- Center for Advanced Materials and Technologies CEZAMAT, Warsaw University of Technology, Poleczki 19, 02-822, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Flont
- Center for Advanced Materials and Technologies CEZAMAT, Warsaw University of Technology, Poleczki 19, 02-822, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Brzózka
- Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Jastrzębska
- Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664, Warsaw, Poland.
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Sun F, Xiao D, Su H, Chen Z, Wang B, Feng X, Mao Z, Sui X. Highly stretchable porous regenerated silk fibroin film for enhanced wound healing. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:1486-1494. [PMID: 36655870 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb01896a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Silk fibroin (SF) has received interest in tissue engineering owing to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, and favorable mechanical properties. However, the complex preparation, brittleness, and lack of pores in the structure of the silk fibroin film limit its application. Herein, we show that facile dissolution of SF in aqueous phosphoric acid followed by regeneration in aqueous ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2SO4) could afford highly stretchable films with nano-pores formed in the nonsolvent-induced phase separation process. The named phase separation, which determines the morphology and mechanical properties of the regeneration silk fibroin (RSF) films, is highly dependent on the (NH4)2SO4 concentration as well as the initial concentration of the SF solution. Therefore, the RSF films exhibit a tunable pore size ranging from 230 to 510 nm and excellent stretchability with tensile strain up to 143 ± 16%. Most interestingly, the RSF films were shown to support the proliferation of human skin fibroblasts in vitro as well as speed up full-thickness skin wound healing in a rat model. This work establishes an easy and feasible method to access porous RSF membranes that can be used for wound dressing in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengchao Sun
- Key Lab of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.,Shanghai Belt and Road Joint Laboratory of Textile Intelligent Manufacturing, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Dongdong Xiao
- Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200001, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Hui Su
- Key Lab of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.,Shanghai Belt and Road Joint Laboratory of Textile Intelligent Manufacturing, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Zhiliang Chen
- Key Lab of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.,Shanghai Belt and Road Joint Laboratory of Textile Intelligent Manufacturing, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Bijia Wang
- Key Lab of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.,Shanghai Belt and Road Joint Laboratory of Textile Intelligent Manufacturing, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Xueling Feng
- Key Lab of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.,Shanghai Belt and Road Joint Laboratory of Textile Intelligent Manufacturing, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Zhiping Mao
- Key Lab of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.,Shanghai Belt and Road Joint Laboratory of Textile Intelligent Manufacturing, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Xiaofeng Sui
- Key Lab of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.,Shanghai Belt and Road Joint Laboratory of Textile Intelligent Manufacturing, Shanghai, 201620, China
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Shabbirahmed AM, Sekar R, Gomez LA, Sekhar MR, Hiruthyaswamy SP, Basavegowda N, Somu P. Recent Developments of Silk-Based Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Applications: A Special Focus on the Advancement of 3D Printing. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:16. [PMID: 36648802 PMCID: PMC9844467 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Regenerative medicine has received potential attention around the globe, with improving cell performances, one of the necessary ideas for the advancements of regenerative medicine. It is crucial to enhance cell performances in the physiological system for drug release studies because the variation in cell environments between in vitro and in vivo develops a loop in drug estimation. On the other hand, tissue engineering is a potential path to integrate cells with scaffold biomaterials and produce growth factors to regenerate organs. Scaffold biomaterials are a prototype for tissue production and perform vital functions in tissue engineering. Silk fibroin is a natural fibrous polymer with significant usage in regenerative medicine because of the growing interest in leftovers for silk biomaterials in tissue engineering. Among various natural biopolymer-based biomaterials, silk fibroin-based biomaterials have attracted significant attention due to their outstanding mechanical properties, biocompatibility, hemocompatibility, and biodegradability for regenerative medicine and scaffold applications. This review article focused on highlighting the recent advancements of 3D printing in silk fibroin scaffold technologies for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Musfira Shabbirahmed
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biosciences, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences (Deemed-to-be University), Karunya Nagar, Coimbatore 641 114, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rajkumar Sekar
- Department of Chemistry, Karpaga Vinayaga College of Engineering and Technology, GST Road, Chinna Kolambakkam, Chengalpattu 603308, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Levin Anbu Gomez
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biosciences, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences (Deemed-to-be University), Karunya Nagar, Coimbatore 641 114, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Medidi Raja Sekhar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kebri Dehar University, Korahe Zone, Somali Region, Kebri Dehar 3060, Ethiopia
| | | | - Nagaraj Basavegowda
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Prathap Somu
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (Deemed to be University), Chennai 600124, Tamil Nadu, India
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Osório LA, Silva E, Mackay RE. A Review of Biomaterials and Scaffold Fabrication for Organ-on-a-Chip (OOAC) Systems. Bioengineering (Basel) 2021; 8:113. [PMID: 34436116 PMCID: PMC8389238 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering8080113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug and chemical development along with safety tests rely on the use of numerous clinical models. This is a lengthy process where animal testing is used as a standard for pre-clinical trials. However, these models often fail to represent human physiopathology. This may lead to poor correlation with results from later human clinical trials. Organ-on-a-Chip (OOAC) systems are engineered microfluidic systems, which recapitulate the physiochemical environment of a specific organ by emulating the perfusion and shear stress cellular tissue undergoes in vivo and could replace current animal models. The success of culturing cells and cell-derived tissues within these systems is dependent on the scaffold chosen; hence, scaffolds are critical for the success of OOACs in research. A literature review was conducted looking at current OOAC systems to assess the advantages and disadvantages of different materials and manufacturing techniques used for scaffold production; and the alternatives that could be tailored from the macro tissue engineering research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana A. Osório
- Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, Brunel University London, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK;
| | - Elisabete Silva
- Department of Life Science, Brunel University London, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK;
| | - Ruth E. Mackay
- Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, Brunel University London, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK;
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Advances in the synthesis and application of self-assembling biomaterials. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 167:46-62. [PMID: 34329646 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2021.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The present study scrutinized some of the crucial advancements in the synthesis and functionalisation of self-assembling biomaterials for application in biomedicine. The basic concept of self-organization was discussed along with the mechanisms and methods involved in its implementation with biomaterials. Further, several recent applications of this technology in the biological and medical domain, and the avenues for future research and development were presented. This study brought to focus the vast potential of basic and applied research involved, especially in the context of hybrids and composites, as well as the difference in pace of new developments for different types of biomolecular materials. As nanobiotechnology matures, the tools and techniques available for developing and controlling self-assembled biomaterials as well as studying their interaction with biological tissue, will grow exponentially. Presently, self-assembly remains a potent tool for the synthesis of functional biomaterials.
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Li F, Wang X, Chen L, Li Z, Zhang T, Wang T. Efficient development of silk fibroin membranes on liquid surface for potential use in biomedical materials. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 182:237-243. [PMID: 33836192 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Silk fibroin (SF) protein is versatile for the application of biomaterials due to its excellent mechanical properties, biocompatibility and biodegradability. However, the efficient way to fabricate SF membranes with special structure is still challenging. Here, we develop an efficient and simple way to create SF membranes on the liquid (i.e. subphase) surface. It is essential to prepare highly concentrated SF solution with low surface tension by dissolving the degummed SF powders in 6% (w/v) LiBr/methanol solution by one step. 95 wt% polyethylene glycol (PEG) 200 and 30 wt% (NH4)2SO4 are the subphases, on which the SF solution spreads quickly, generating nonporous and microporous SF membranes (SFM-1 and SFM-2), respectively. PEG 200 causes more ordered molecular packing (β-sheets) in SFM-1. While Fast diffusion and denaturation of SF on (NH4)2SO4 solution lead to the formation of microporous, water-unstable membrane SFM-2. Both membranes have good transparency, hydrophilicty, and mechanical properties. To fabricate antibacterial biomaterials, we design a composite membrane by SFM-1 and SFM-2 sandwiching a layer of hydroxypropyl trimethylammonium chloride chitosan (HACC) to provide antibacterial functions. The sandwich membrane has good cell viability and antibacterial properties, showing potential use for biomedical materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Biomaterial Fiber and Modern Textile, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Biomaterial Fiber and Modern Textile, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Lei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Biomaterial Fiber and Modern Textile, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; SKL of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Zhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Biomaterial Fiber and Modern Textile, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Tonghua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Biomaterial Fiber and Modern Textile, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Biomaterial Fiber and Modern Textile, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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