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Li F, Liu R, Qin S, Deng Z, Li W. Progress in culture technology and active substance research on Nostoc sphaeroides Kützing. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024. [PMID: 39087308 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Nostoc sphaeroides Kützing is a freshwater edible cyanobacterium that is rich in active substances such as polysaccharides, proteins and lipids; it has a variety of pharmacological effects such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor and cholesterol-lowering effects; and is often used as a traditional Chinese medicine with many potential applications in food, cosmetics, medical diagnostics and disease treatment. However, to meet the needs of different fields, such as medicine, there is an urgent need for basic research and technological innovation in culture technology, extraction and preparation of active substances, and the pharmacological mechanism of N. sphaeroides. This paper reviews the pharmacological effects of N. sphaeroides active substances, discusses current culture techniques and methods for extracting active components, and outlines the challenges encountered in cultivating and industrializing N. sphaeroides while discussing future development trends. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengcheng Li
- Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Yantai, China
| | - Runze Liu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Yantai, China
| | - Song Qin
- Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Yantai, China
| | - Zhongyang Deng
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenjun Li
- Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Yantai, China
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Méndez-Ancca S, Pepe-Victoriano R, Gonzales HHS, Zambrano-Cabanillas AW, Marín-Machuca O, Rojas JCZ, Maquera MM, Huanca RF, Aguilera JG, Zuffo AM, Ratke RF. Physicochemical Evaluation of Cushuro ( Nostoc sphaericum Vaucher ex Bornet & Flahault) in the Region of Moquegua for Food Purposes. Foods 2023; 12:1939. [PMID: 37238756 PMCID: PMC10217000 DOI: 10.3390/foods12101939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. contains considerable amounts of protein, iron, and calcium that could mitigate the problems of anemia and malnutrition in humans. However, the nutritional value of the edible species Nostoc sphaericum Vaucher ex Bornet & Flahault, which grows in the Moquegua region, is unknown. Descriptive research was developed, and samples were obtained from the community of Aruntaya, located in the region of Moquegua. Water samples were taken at two different points (spring and reservoir), and samples of the cyanobacteria were taken in the reservoir. The design used was completely randomized, with three repetitions. Sixteen characteristics associated with the water collected at two points were evaluated, and from the nutritional point of view, seven characteristics were evaluated in the collected algae. The physicochemical characteristics were determined using methods established in the Codex Alimentarius. For the morphological characterization at the macroscopic level, it was observed that the seaweed collected was spherical in shape, grayish-green in color, soft to the touch, and palatable. After carrying out the physicochemical and morphological characterization of the collected samples, it was verified that all were of N. sphaericum. When comparing the sixteen characteristics related to water at the two collection sites, highly significant differences (p < 0.01) were observed for most of the variables evaluated. The average data of the characteristics of the algae showed protein values of 28.18 ± 0.33%, carbohydrates of 62.07 ± 0.69%, fat of 0.71 ± 0.02%, fiber of 0.91 ± 0.02%, ash of 7.68 ± 0.10%, and moisture of 0.22 ± 0.01%. Likewise, calcium reported an average value of 377.80 ± 1.43 mg/100 g and iron of 4.76 ± 0.08 mg/100 g. High correlations (positive and negative) were obtained by evaluating seven characteristics associated with the reservoir water where the algae grew in relation to eight nutritional characteristics of the algae. In relation to the nutritional value, the amounts of protein, iron, and calcium exceed the main foods of daily intake. Therefore, it could be considered a nutritious food to combat anemia and malnutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheda Méndez-Ancca
- Area of Marine Biology and Aquaculture, Faculty of Renewable Natural Resources, Arturo Prat University, Arica 1000000, Chile;
- Master’s Program in Aquaculture, Mention in Aquaculture of Hydrobiological Resources, Mention in Aquaponics, Arturo Prat University, Arica 1000000, Chile
- National University of Moquegua (UNAM), Ilo 18601, Peru; (H.H.S.G.); (M.M.M.); (R.F.H.)
| | - Renzo Pepe-Victoriano
- Area of Marine Biology and Aquaculture, Faculty of Renewable Natural Resources, Arturo Prat University, Arica 1000000, Chile;
| | | | - Abel Walter Zambrano-Cabanillas
- Faculty of Oceanography, Fisheries, Food Science and Aquaculture, Academic Departments of Aquaculture and Food Science, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima 15001, Peru; (A.W.Z.-C.); (O.M.-M.)
| | - Olegario Marín-Machuca
- Faculty of Oceanography, Fisheries, Food Science and Aquaculture, Academic Departments of Aquaculture and Food Science, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima 15001, Peru; (A.W.Z.-C.); (O.M.-M.)
| | | | | | | | - Jorge González Aguilera
- Department of Agronomy, Universidad Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul (UEMS), Cassilândia 79540-000, MS, Brazil;
| | - Alan Mario Zuffo
- Department of Agronomy, State University of Maranhão, Campus de Balsas, Balsas 65800-000, MA, Brazil;
| | - Rafael Felippe Ratke
- Department of Agronomy, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Chapadão do Sul 79650-000, MS, Brazil
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Nostoc flagelliforme capsular polysaccharides from different culture conditions improve hyperlipidemia and regulate intestinal flora in C57BL/6J mice to varying degrees. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 202:224-233. [PMID: 35038468 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Two capsular polysaccharides (WL-CPS-1 and GLU-CPS-1) purified from Nostoc flagelliforme under normal and mixotrophic culture conditions were used to investigate the hypolipidemic activity and effect on intestinal flora in C57BL/6J mice respectively. Their molecular weight and monosaccharide composition have been determined in previous studies. They both improved the lipid level by affecting the expression of lipid metabolism genes. They down-regulated the TNF-α and IL-1β levels in serum and up-regulated the activity of antioxidant enzymes in liver thus decreased the atherosclerosis index and MDA content. They up-regulated the short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) synthesis. They decreased the abundance of pathogenic bacteria and increased the abundance of probiotics positively correlated with SCFAs. Compared with WL-CPS-1, GLU-CPS-1 exhibited higher in vivo activity and enriched Odoribacter and Alloprevotella correlating with the gene expression of lipid metabolism, suggesting that the bioactivity of polysaccharides could be regulated by culture conditions. These findings contributed to application of N. flagelliforme polysaccharides with higher activity in hypolipidemia by adjusting culture conditions.
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