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Periyasamy T, Asrafali SP, Lee J. High-Performance Supercapacitor Electrodes from Fully Biomass-Based Polybenzoxazine Aerogels with Porous Carbon Structure. Gels 2024; 10:462. [PMID: 39057485 PMCID: PMC11275366 DOI: 10.3390/gels10070462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, polybenzoxazine aerogels have emerged as promising materials for various applications. However, their full potential has been hindered by the prevalent use of hazardous solvents during the preparation process, which poses significant environmental and safety concerns. In light of this, there is a pressing need to explore alternative methods that can mitigate these issues and propel the practical utilization of polybenzoxazine aerogels. To address this challenge, a novel approach involving the synthesis of heteroatom self-doped mesoporous carbon from polybenzoxazine has been devised. This process utilizes eugenol, stearyl amine, and formaldehyde to create the polybenzoxazine precursor, which is subsequently treated with ethanol as a safer solvent. Notably, the incorporation of boric acid in this method serves a dual purpose: it not only facilitates microstructural regulation but also reinforces the backbone strength of the material through the formation of intermolecular bridged structures between polybenzoxazine chains. Moreover, this approach allows ambient pressure drying, further enhancing its practicability and environmental friendliness. The resultant carbon materials, designated as ESC-N and ESC-G, exhibit distinct characteristics. ESC-N, derived from calcination, possesses a surface area of 289 m2 g-1, while ESC-G, derived from the aerogel, boasts a significantly higher surface area of 673 m2 g-1. Furthermore, ESC-G features a pore size distribution ranging from 5 to 25 nm, rendering it well suited for electrochemical applications such as supercapacitors. In terms of electrochemical performance, ESC-G demonstrates exceptional potential. With a specific capacitance of 151 F g-1 at a current density of 0.5 A g-1, it exhibits superior energy storage capabilities compared with ESC-N. Additionally, ESC-G displayed a more pronounced rectangular shape in its cyclic voltammogram at a low voltage scanning rate of 20 mV s-1, indicative of enhanced electrochemical reversibility. The impedance spectra of both carbon types corroborated these findings, further validating the superior performance of ESC-G. Furthermore, ESC-G exhibits excellent cycling stability, retaining its electrochemical properties even after 5000 continuous charge-discharge cycles. This robustness underscores its suitability for long-term applications in supercapacitors, reaffirming the viability of heteroatom-doped polybenzoxazine aerogels as a sustainable alternative to traditional carbon materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jaewoong Lee
- Department of Fiber System Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongbuk, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea; (T.P.); (S.P.A.)
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Zhao W, Liu J, Wang S, Dai J, Liu X. Bio-Based Thermosetting Resins: From Molecular Engineering to Intrinsically Multifunctional Customization. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2311242. [PMID: 38504494 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202311242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Recent years have witnessed a growing interest in bio-based thermosetting resins in terms of environmental concerns and the desire for sustainable industrial practices. Beyond sustainability, utilizing the structural diversity of renewable feedstock to craft bio-based thermosets with customized functionalities is very worthy of expectation. There exist many bio-based compounds with inherently unique chemical structures and functions, some of which are even difficult to synthesize artificially. Over the past decade, great efforts are devoted to discovering/designing functional properties of bio-based thermosets, and notable progress have been made in antibacterial, antifouling, flame retardancy, serving as carbon precursors, and stimuli responsiveness, among others, largely expanding their application potential and future prospects. In this review, recent advances in the field of functional bio-based thermosets are presented, with a particular focus on molecular structures and design strategies for discovering functional properties. Examples are highlighted wherein functionalities are facilitated by the inherent structures of bio-based feedstock. Perspectives on issues regarding further advances in this field are proposed at the end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
| | - Jingkai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
| | - Shuaipeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
| | - Jinyue Dai
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
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Yuan X, Zhou Y, Wang Y, Liu L, Yang G. Fabrication of Schiff-base crosslinked films modified dialdehyde starch with excellent UV-blocking and antibacterial properties for fruit preservation. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 326:121619. [PMID: 38142076 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Starch-based films have received considerable attention, owing to their commendable biocompatible and biodegradable properties; however, their poor ultraviolet (UV)-blocking and antibacterial performances limit their application in fruit preservation. Herein, bio-based bifunctional benzoxazine (Bi-BOZ) compounds with different carbon chain lengths were synthesized, and the influence of chain lengths on the antibacterial effect was explored. Benzoxazine with 1,12-dodecanediamine as the amine source (BOZ-DDA) exhibited excellent antibacterial and antibiofilm activities, with minimum inhibitory concentrations of 21.7 ± 2.2 and 23.3 ± 2.6 μg/mL against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively, mainly because the electrostatic attraction and hydrophobic effect of BOZ-DDA, effectively disrupted the bacterial integrity. DS/DDA films with hydrophobic, antibacterial, and UV-resistant abilities were prepared by the Schiff-base reaction between BOZ-DDA and dialdehyde starch (DS). The interactions between the films increased with BOZ-DDA content, enhanced mechanical and barrier properties. DS/DDA films exhibited acid-responsive antibacterial activity attributed to the acid hydrolysis of Schiff bases, released of BOZ-DDA from the films, and the protonation of BOZ-DDA. DS/DDA films exhibited commendable antibacterial and anti-ultraviolet characteristics compared to commercially available films, allowing them to prevent the degradation of mangoes and grapes. As sustainable antibacterial materials, the multifunctional DS/DDA films manifest promising prospects in fruit preservation packaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials & Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Advanced Marine Materials, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yijia Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials & Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Advanced Marine Materials, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yudan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials & Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Advanced Marine Materials, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Lijia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials & Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Advanced Marine Materials, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China; Yantai Research Institute of Harbin Engineering University, Yantai 264006, China
| | - Guoxing Yang
- Daqing Petrochemical Research Center, Petrochemical Research Institute, PetroChina Corporation, Daqing 163000, China.
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Lu Y, Wang D, Zhang Y, Hu Y, Lu J, Zeng Z, Zeng D. Preparation and Antimicrobial Activity of a Film-Forming Polyhexamethylene Biguanide Teat Disinfectant. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17444. [PMID: 38139273 PMCID: PMC10743736 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Bovine mastitis caused by infectious pathogens can lead to a decline in production performance and an increase in elimination rate, resulting in huge losses to the dairy industry. This study aims to prepare a novel dairy cow teat disinfectant with polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) as the main bactericidal component and to evaluate its bactericidal activity in vitro and its disinfection effect in dairy cow teats. PHMB disinfectant with a concentration of 3 g/L was prepared with PVA-1788, propylene glycol and glycerol as excipients. When the dilution ratio is 1:4800 and the action time is 5 min, the PHMB teat disinfectant can reduce the four types of bacteria (S. agalactiae ATCC 12386, S. dysgalactiae ATCC 35666, S. aureus ATCC 6538, and E. coli ATCC 8099) by 99.99%. PHMB teat disinfectant applied on the skin of rabbits with four bacteria types achieved an average log10 reduction greater than 4. After 30 s of PHMB teat disinfectant dipping, the bacteria of cow teats were counted prior to disinfection. The mean log10 reduction in bacteria on the skin surface of 12 cows ranged from 0.99 to 3.52 after applying the PHMB teat disinfectant for 10 min. After 12 h, the PHMB teat disinfectant achieved an average log10 reduction in bacteria from 0.27 to 0.68 (compared with that prior to disinfection). These results suggested that PHMB teat disinfection has the potential to prevent and treat mastitis-causing bacteria in dairy herds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixing Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.L.); (D.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.H.); (J.L.)
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Di Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.L.); (D.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.H.); (J.L.)
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yongxiang Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.L.); (D.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.H.); (J.L.)
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yueying Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.L.); (D.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.H.); (J.L.)
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jiaxuan Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.L.); (D.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.H.); (J.L.)
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhenling Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.L.); (D.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.H.); (J.L.)
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Dongping Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.L.); (D.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.H.); (J.L.)
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Lázár I, Čelko L, Menelaou M. Aerogel-Based Materials in Bone and Cartilage Tissue Engineering-A Review with Future Implications. Gels 2023; 9:746. [PMID: 37754427 PMCID: PMC10530393 DOI: 10.3390/gels9090746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Aerogels are fascinating solid materials known for their highly porous nanostructure and exceptional physical, chemical, and mechanical properties. They show great promise in various technological and biomedical applications, including tissue engineering, and bone and cartilage substitution. To evaluate the bioactivity of bone substitutes, researchers typically conduct in vitro tests using simulated body fluids and specific cell lines, while in vivo testing involves the study of materials in different animal species. In this context, our primary focus is to investigate the applications of different types of aerogels, considering their specific materials, microstructure, and porosity in the field of bone and cartilage tissue engineering. From clinically approved materials to experimental aerogels, we present a comprehensive list and summary of various aerogel building blocks and their biological activities. Additionally, we explore how the complexity of aerogel scaffolds influences their in vivo performance, ranging from simple single-component or hybrid aerogels to more intricate and organized structures. We also discuss commonly used formulation and drying methods in aerogel chemistry, including molding, freeze casting, supercritical foaming, freeze drying, subcritical, and supercritical drying techniques. These techniques play a crucial role in shaping aerogels for specific applications. Alongside the progress made, we acknowledge the challenges ahead and assess the near and far future of aerogel-based hard tissue engineering materials, as well as their potential connection with emerging healing techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- István Lázár
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ladislav Čelko
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Melita Menelaou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Cyprus University of Technology, 30 Arch. Kyprianos Str., Limassol 3036, Cyprus
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Raorane CJ, Periyasamy T, Haldhar R, Asrafali SP, Raj V, Kim SC. Synthesis of Bio-Based Polybenzoxazine and Its Antibiofilm and Anticorrosive Activities. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:2249. [PMID: 36984131 PMCID: PMC10054769 DOI: 10.3390/ma16062249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Candida albicans are highly widespread pathogenic fungi in humans. Moreover, its developed biofilm causes serious clinical problems, leading to drug failure caused by its inherent drug tolerance. Hence, the inhibition of biofilm formation and virulence characteristics provide other means of addressing infections. Polymer composites (PCs) derived from natural products have attracted increasing interest in the scientific community, including antimicrobial applications. PCs are a good alternative approach to solving this challenge because of their excellent penetration power inside biofilms. The main objectives of this study were to synthesize a novel curcumin-based polybenzoxazine polymer composite (poly(Cu-A) PC) using Mannich condensation reaction and evaluate their potency as an antibiofilm and anticorrosive candidate against C. albicans. In addition, their anticorrosive efficacy was also explored. PC exhibited significant antibiofilm efficacy versus C. albicans DAY185 by the morphologic changing of yeast to hyphae, and>90% anticorrosive efficacy was observed at a higher dose of PC. These prepared PC were safe in vivo against Caenorhabditis elegans and Raphanus raphanistrum. The study shows that a polybenzoxazine polymer composite has the potential for controlling biofilm-associated fungal infections and virulence by C. albicans, and opens a new avenue for designing PCs as antifungal, anticorrosive agents for biofilm-associated fungal infections and industrial remediation.
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Zhang S, Wang J, Lu K, Xu G, Wang Z, Xiao Y, Ji H, Yang Z, Yang Y, Xiong S, Li Z. Polybenzoxazine Aerogels for Thermal Protection at Extremely High-Temperature/Cryogenic Conditions. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Mkrtchyan KV, Pigareva VA, Zezina EA, Kuznetsova OA, Semenova AA, Yushina YK, Tolordava ER, Grudistova MA, Sybachin AV, Klimov DI, Abramchuk SS, Yaroslavov AA, Zezin AA. Preparation of Biocidal Nanocomposites in X-ray Irradiated Interpolyelectolyte Complexes of Polyacrylic Acid and Polyethylenimine with Ag-Ions. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14204417. [PMID: 36297995 PMCID: PMC9612164 DOI: 10.3390/polym14204417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the presence of cationic units interpolyelectrolyte complexes (IPECs) can be used as a universal basis for preparation of biocidal coatings on different surfaces. Metallopolymer nanocomposites were successfully synthesized in irradiated solutions of polyacrylic acid (PAA) and polyethylenimine (PEI), and dispersions of non-stoichiometric IPECs of PAA–PEI containing silver ions. The data from turbidimetric titration and dynamic light scattering showed that pH 6 is the optimal value for obtaining IPECs. Metal polymer complexes based on IPEC with a PAA/PEI ratio equal to 3/1 and 1/3 were selected for synthesis of nanocomposites due to their aggregative stability. Studies using methods of UV–VIS spectroscopy and TEM have demonstrated that the size and spatial organization of silver nanoparticles depend on the composition of polymer systems. The average sizes of nanoparticles are 5 nm and 20 nm for complexes with a molar ratio of PAA/PEI units equal to 3/1 and 1/3, respectively. The synthesized nanocomposites were applied to the glass surface and exhibited high antibacterial activity against both gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative bacteria (Salmonella). It is shown that IPEC-Ag coatings demonstrate significantly more pronounced biocidal activity not only in comparison with macromolecular complexes of PAA–PEI, but also coatings of PEI and PEI based nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina V. Mkrtchyan
- Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences, Profsoyuznaya St. 70, 117393 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladislava A. Pigareva
- Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena A. Zezina
- Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Oksana A. Kuznetsova
- Gorbatov Federal Research Centre for Food Systems, Talalikhina St. 26, 109316 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasia A. Semenova
- Gorbatov Federal Research Centre for Food Systems, Talalikhina St. 26, 109316 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yuliya K. Yushina
- Gorbatov Federal Research Centre for Food Systems, Talalikhina St. 26, 109316 Moscow, Russia
| | - Etery R. Tolordava
- Gorbatov Federal Research Centre for Food Systems, Talalikhina St. 26, 109316 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria A. Grudistova
- Gorbatov Federal Research Centre for Food Systems, Talalikhina St. 26, 109316 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey V. Sybachin
- Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry I. Klimov
- Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences, Profsoyuznaya St. 70, 117393 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey S. Abramchuk
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova St. 28, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander A. Yaroslavov
- Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey A. Zezin
- Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences, Profsoyuznaya St. 70, 117393 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence:
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Son HB, Bae WB, Jhee KH. Enhanced Antibacterial Activity of Sodium Hypochlorite under Acidic pH Condition. MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LETTERS 2022; 50:211-217. [DOI: 10.48022/mbl.2204.04014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon-Bin Son
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Bin Bae
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Hwan Jhee
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Republic of Korea
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Li H, Sun Z, Zhao C, Li Y, Xiang D, Wu Y, Wei J, Que Y. Polybenzoxazine Resins with Cellulose Phosphide: Preparation, Flame Retardancy and Mechanisms. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13244288. [PMID: 34960838 PMCID: PMC8706826 DOI: 10.3390/polym13244288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphated cellulose (PCF) was synthesized based on urea, phosphated acid and cellulose. The structure of the PCF was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy coupled with the Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (SEM-EDS). Benzoxazine (Ba)/PCF hybrid materials were fabricated and thermally cured to prepare polybenzoxazine composites (PBa/PCF). The effects of PCF on the curing temperature of Ba were analyzed through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The thermogravimetric (TGA) results demonstrated an increased char residue of 50% for the PBa composites incorporating PCF-5% compared with the pure PBa. The peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR) values of the PBa/PCF-5% composites clearly decreased by 58.1% and 16.5% compared to those of the pristine PBa. The smoke released from the PBa/PCF system significantly reduced with the loading of PCF. Moreover, the limited oxygen index (LOI) and vertical burning test level (UL-94) of PBa/PCF-5% reached up to 31 and V0. The flame retardant mechanism of the PCF in the PBa matrix was investigated TG-FTIR and char residues analysis. Finally, the dynamical mechanical analysis (DMA) results demonstrated that the Tg of the PBa/PCF composites was approximately 230 °C, which does not affect further applications of PBa composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- School of New Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China; (Z.S.); (Y.L.); (D.X.); (Y.W.); (J.W.); (Y.Q.)
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (C.Z.)
| | - Zhangmei Sun
- School of New Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China; (Z.S.); (Y.L.); (D.X.); (Y.W.); (J.W.); (Y.Q.)
| | - Chunxia Zhao
- School of New Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China; (Z.S.); (Y.L.); (D.X.); (Y.W.); (J.W.); (Y.Q.)
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (C.Z.)
| | - Yuntao Li
- School of New Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China; (Z.S.); (Y.L.); (D.X.); (Y.W.); (J.W.); (Y.Q.)
- State Key Laboratory Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, School of New Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China
| | - Dong Xiang
- School of New Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China; (Z.S.); (Y.L.); (D.X.); (Y.W.); (J.W.); (Y.Q.)
| | - Yuanpeng Wu
- School of New Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China; (Z.S.); (Y.L.); (D.X.); (Y.W.); (J.W.); (Y.Q.)
- The Center of Functional Materials for Working Fluids of Oil and Gas Field, School of New Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China
| | - Jixuan Wei
- School of New Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China; (Z.S.); (Y.L.); (D.X.); (Y.W.); (J.W.); (Y.Q.)
| | - Yusheng Que
- School of New Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China; (Z.S.); (Y.L.); (D.X.); (Y.W.); (J.W.); (Y.Q.)
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Morales-Cerrada R, Molina-Gutierrez S, Lacroix-Desmazes P, Caillol S. Eugenol, a Promising Building Block for Biobased Polymers with Cutting-Edge Properties. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:3625-3648. [PMID: 34464094 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Biobased materials, derived from biomass building blocks, are essential in the pursuit of sustainable materials. Eugenol, a natural phenol obtained from clove oil, but also from lignin depolymerization, possesses a chemical structure that allows its easy modification to obtain a broad and versatile platform of biobased monomers. In this Perspective, an overview of the variety of reactions that have been executed on the allylic double bond, phenol hydroxyl group, aromatic ring, and methoxy group is given, focusing our attention on those to obtain monomers suitable for different polymerization reactions. Furthermore, possible applications and perspectives on the eugenol-derived materials are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sylvain Caillol
- ICGM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier 34000, France
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