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Istianah N, Kang HJ, Lee YJ, Choe D, Jung SK, Hong SC, Jung YH. Enhancing the dispersibility of Gelidium amansii-derived microfibrillated cellulose through centrifugal fractionation. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:129909. [PMID: 38368676 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Hydrothermal pretreatment is useful for microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) preparation due to its safety, but the remaining hemicellulose might affect MFC properties. This study aimed to investigate the effect of centrifugation time on hemicellulose removal and the physicochemical properties of MFC obtained after hydrothermal pretreatment and micro-fibrillation. In this study, centrifugation was applied to the MFC suspension at varying duration times. Composition analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectra indicated that fractionated MFC has no hemicellulose content after 10, 20, and 30 min centrifugation. It also showed an approximately 5 times higher than 0.5 % g/g of initial solid concentration, indicated by a lower gel concentration point, than unfractionated MFC. Scanning electron microscope images of the fractionated MFC for 30 min (MFC2C) presented thin, long cellulose fibrils of 517 nm in average diameter and 635-10,000 nm in length that induced a slower sedimentation rate. MFC2C dispersion was also improved by autoclave sterilization by regulating cellulose structure, rheology, and crystallinity. As a result, MFC dispersibility can be enhanced by removing hemicellulose through simple centrifugation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Istianah
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia
| | - Hye Jee Kang
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Ju Lee
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Deokyeong Choe
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Keun Jung
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Chul Hong
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kunsan National University, Gunsan 54150, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hoon Jung
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
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Aguado RJ, Mazega A, Fiol N, Tarrés Q, Mutjé P, Delgado-Aguilar M. Durable Nanocellulose-Stabilized Emulsions of Dithizone/Chloroform in Water for Hg 2+ Detection: A Novel Approach for a Classical Problem. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:12580-12589. [PMID: 36821826 PMCID: PMC9999351 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c22713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The use of dithizone (DTZ) for colorimetric heavy-metal detection is approximately one century old. However, its pending stability issues and the need for simple indicators justify further research. Using cellulose nanofibers, we attained DTZ-containing emulsions with high stability. These emulsions had water (at least 95 wt %) and acetic acid (1-8 mL/L) conforming the continuous phase, while dispersed droplets of diameter <1 μm contained chloroform-solvated DTZ (3 wt %). The solvation cluster was computed by molecular dynamics simulations, suggesting that chloroform slightly reduces the dihedral angle between the two sides of the thiocarbazone chain. Nanocellulose concentrations over 0.2 wt % sufficed to obtain macroscopically homogeneous mixtures with no phase separation. Furthermore, the rate of degradation of DTZ in the nanocellulose-stabilized emulsion did not differ significantly from a DTZ/chloroform solution, outperforming DTZ/toluene and DTZ/acetonitrile. Not only is the emulsion readily and immediately responsive to mercury(II), but it also decreases interferences from other ions and from natural samples. Unexpectedly, neither lead(II) nor cadmium(II) triggered a visual response at trace concentrations. The limit of detection of these emulsions is 15 μM or 3 mg/L, exceeding WHO limits for mercury(II) in drinking water, but they could be effective at raising alarms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto J. Aguado
- LEPAMAP-PRODIS
Research Group, University of Girona, C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany,
61, 17003 Girona, Spain
- Department
of Chemical and Agricultural Engineering and Agrifood Technology, University of Girona, C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany, 61, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - André Mazega
- LEPAMAP-PRODIS
Research Group, University of Girona, C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany,
61, 17003 Girona, Spain
- Department
of Chemical and Agricultural Engineering and Agrifood Technology, University of Girona, C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany, 61, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Núria Fiol
- Department
of Chemical and Agricultural Engineering and Agrifood Technology, University of Girona, C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany, 61, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Quim Tarrés
- LEPAMAP-PRODIS
Research Group, University of Girona, C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany,
61, 17003 Girona, Spain
- Department
of Chemical and Agricultural Engineering and Agrifood Technology, University of Girona, C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany, 61, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Pere Mutjé
- LEPAMAP-PRODIS
Research Group, University of Girona, C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany,
61, 17003 Girona, Spain
- Department
of Chemical and Agricultural Engineering and Agrifood Technology, University of Girona, C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany, 61, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Marc Delgado-Aguilar
- LEPAMAP-PRODIS
Research Group, University of Girona, C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany,
61, 17003 Girona, Spain
- Department
of Chemical and Agricultural Engineering and Agrifood Technology, University of Girona, C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany, 61, 17003 Girona, Spain
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Rincón E, Espinosa E, Pinillos M, Serrano L. Bioactive Absorbent Chitosan Aerogels Reinforced with Bay Tree Pruning Waste Nanocellulose with Antioxidant Properties for Burger Meat Preservation. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15040866. [PMID: 36850149 PMCID: PMC9964863 DOI: 10.3390/polym15040866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
As a transition strategy towards sustainability, food packaging plays a crucial role in the current era. This, carried out in a biorefinery context of agricultural residues, involves not only obtaining desirable products but a comprehensive utilization of biomass that contributes to the circular bioeconomy. The present work proposes the preparation of bioactive absorbent food pads through a multi-product biorefinery approach from bay tree pruning waste (BTPW). In a first step, chitosan aerogels reinforced with lignocellulose and cellulose micro/nanofibers from BTPW were prepared, studying the effect of residual lignin on the material's properties. The presence of micro/nanofibers improved the mechanical performance (up to 60%) in addition to increasing the water uptake (42%) when lignin was present. The second step was to make them bioactive by incorporating bay leaf extract. The residual lignin in the micro/nanofibers was decisive, since when present, the release profiles of the extract were faster, reaching an antioxidant power of more than 85% after only 30 min. Finally, these bioactive aerogels were used as absorbent pads for fresh meat. With the use of the bioactive aerogels (with ≥2% extract), the meat remained fresh for 10 days as a result of delayed oxidation of the food during storage (20% metmyoglobin proportion).
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Mazega A, Tarrés Q, Aguado R, Pèlach MÀ, Mutjé P, Ferreira PJT, Delgado-Aguilar M. Improving the Barrier Properties of Paper to Moisture, Air, and Grease with Nanocellulose-Based Coating Suspensions. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:nano12203675. [PMID: 36296865 PMCID: PMC9609131 DOI: 10.3390/nano12203675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Food packaging manufacturers often resort to lamination, typically with materials which are neither non-biodegradable nor biobased polymers, to confer barrier properties to paper and cardboard. The present work considers a greener solution: enhancing paper’s resistance to moisture, grease, and air by aqueous coating suspensions. For hydrophobization, a combined approach between nanocellulose and common esterifying agents was considered, but the water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) remained excessively high for the goal of wrapping moisture-sensitive products (>600 g m−2 d−1). Nonetheless, oil-repellant surfaces were effectively obtained with nanocellulose, illite, sodium alginate, and/or poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), reaching Kit ratings up to 11. Regarding air resistance, mineral-rich coatings attained values above 1000 Gurley s. In light of these results, nanocellulose, minerals, PVA, pullulan, alginate, and a non-ionic surfactant were combined for multi-purpose coating formulations. It is hypothesized that these materials decrease porosity while complementing each other’s flaws, e.g., PVA succeeds at decreasing porosity but has low dimensional stability. As an example, a suspension mostly constituted by nanocellulose, sizing agents, minerals and PVA yielded a WVTR of roughly 100 g m−2 d−1, a Kit rating of 12, and an air resistance above 300 s/100 mL. This indicates that multi-purpose coatings can be satisfactorily incorporated into paper structures for food packaging applications, although not as the food contact layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Mazega
- LEPAMAP-PRODIS Research Group, University of Girona, C. Maria Aurèlia Capmany, n°61, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Quim Tarrés
- LEPAMAP-PRODIS Research Group, University of Girona, C. Maria Aurèlia Capmany, n°61, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Roberto Aguado
- LEPAMAP-PRODIS Research Group, University of Girona, C. Maria Aurèlia Capmany, n°61, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Maria Àngels Pèlach
- LEPAMAP-PRODIS Research Group, University of Girona, C. Maria Aurèlia Capmany, n°61, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Pere Mutjé
- LEPAMAP-PRODIS Research Group, University of Girona, C. Maria Aurèlia Capmany, n°61, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Paulo J. T. Ferreira
- CIEPQPF, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra, Pólo II, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marc Delgado-Aguilar
- LEPAMAP-PRODIS Research Group, University of Girona, C. Maria Aurèlia Capmany, n°61, 17003 Girona, Spain
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Influence of hemicellulose content and cellulose crystal change on cellulose nanofibers properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 213:780-790. [PMID: 35690158 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the properties of cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) with different hemicellulose contents and cellulose II polymorphs. A link was found between these polysaccharides and the properties of CNFs. A decrease in crystallinity (from 69 to 63%) and changes in the crystalline structure of cellulose subjected to an alkaline environment were observed, promoting the partial conversion of cellulose I to cellulose II (from 2 to 42%) and preventing CNFs production at NaOH concentrations higher than 5%. Most treatments showed pseudoplastic fluid behavior, except for the 10% NaOH treatment over 2 h, which showed Newtonian fluid behavior. The quality index of the reference CNFs (TEMPO-oxidized) was the highest (80 ± 3), followed by that of the 5% NaOH-treated (68 ± 3 and 22% energy savings compared to the untreated sample), and the untreated (63 ± 3) samples; and the 10% NaOH treatments had quality indices of 51 ± 3 and 32 ± 1, respectively.
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