A mesoporous melamine/chitosan/activated carbon biocomposite: Preparation, characterization and its application for Ni (II) uptake via ion imprinting

Synthesis, and characterization of novel chitosan coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles to optimization for adsorption of mercury from industrial effluent wastewater

Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) were extensively used as novel adsorbents, if coated with a biopolymer-like low molecular weight chitosan that adsorbed and attracted the hazardous mercury, hence improving their versatility. The synthesis of chitosan-coated SPIONs adsorbent was carried out by the chemical co-precipitation method, and its properties were assessed using several types of analytical techniques including FESEM, SEM with EDX, TEM, AFM, VSM, DLS, XRD, FTIR, and TGA analysis. The process involved the application of chitosan as a coating on the SPIONs, which were subsequently used for the treatment of industrial effluent wastewater. This study aimed to remove mercury from the wastewater, which possessed a concentration of 50 ppm. The DPASV methodology is an excellent method for accurately measuring the concentration of Hg (II) utilizing both qualitative and quantitative methods by the 797 VA Computrace. The study found that Chitosan-coated SPIONs showed a remarkable maximum adsorption capacity of 94.4 % for Hg (II) at a pH of 6, using an adsorbent dosage of 10.0 mg/mL. A thermal adsorption study indicates that the adsorption process is thermodynamically favorable. The isotherm models were found to be a strong fit for this study. The adsorption process was well followed by the pseudo-second-order and external diffusion kinetic models. The findings indicated that the chitosan-coated SPIONs nanoparticles could be a cost-efficient adsorbent for the removal of Hg (II) from industrial effluent wastewater.

A smartphone-assisted one-step bicolor colorimetric detection of glucose in neutral environment based on molecularly imprinted polymer nanozymes

In order to improve the specificity and the peroxidase-like activity of nanozyme at the neutral pH as well as to facilitate the naked-eye visual detection of the analyte concentration, a nanozyme based on molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPNs) for selective and bicolor colorimetric detection of glucose in neutral environment was developed. Compared with free nanozyme, the synthesized MIPNs showed a better catalytic capability, with a catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km) 9.5 times higher than that of free nanozyme. The kinetics experiment showed that the MIPNs demonstrated a fast kinetic feature and the kinetic data fitted a pseudo-first-order model. In practical application, the color of the detection system changed gradually from pink to blue as the glucose concentration increased in a broad linear range from 0 to 3 mM, with a detection limit of 6.22 μM. The colorimetric visualization of glucose concentration was read with a smartphone and no other instrument was needed. Therefore, a manageable and highly efficient method for the MIPNs-catalyzed visualization at the neutral pH and the one-step bicolor visual detection was constructed. This newly established method may also provide a new idea for further development and application of nanozymes.

Bacterial cellulose microfiber reinforced hollow chitosan beads decorated with cross-linked melamine plates for the removal of the Congo red

In this epoch, the disposal of multipollutant wastewater inevitably compromises life on Earth. In this study, the inclusion of Bacterial cellulose microfilaments reinforced chitosan adorned with melamine 2D plates creates a unique 3D bead structure for anionic dye removal. The establishment of an imine network between melamine and chitosan, along with the quantity of inter- and intra‑hydrogen bonds, boosts the specific surface area to 106.68 m2.g-1. Removal efficiency and in-depth comprehension of synthesized adsorbent characteristics were assessed using batch adsorption experiments and characterization methods. Additionally, pH, adsorbent quantity, time, beginning concentration of solution, and temperature were analyzed and optimized as adsorption essential factors. Owing to the profusion of hydroxyl, amine, imine functional groups and aromatic rings, the synthesized adsorbent intimated an astonishing maximum adsorption capacity of 3168 mg.g-1 in Congo red dye removal at pH 5.5. Based on the kinetic evaluation, pseudo-second-order (R2 = 0.999), pseudo-first-order (R2 = 0.964), and Avrami (R2 = 0.986) models were well-fitted with the kinetic results among the seven investigated models. The isothermal study reveals that the adsorption mechanism predominantly follows the Redlich-Peterson (R2 = 0.996), Koble-Carrigan, and Hill isotherm models (R2 = 0.994). The developed semi-natural sorbent suggests high adsorption capacity, which results from its exceptional structure, presenting promising implications for wastewater treatment.

Ion-Imprinted Polymeric Materials for Selective Adsorption of Heavy Metal Ions from Aqueous Solution

The introduction of selective recognition sites toward certain heavy metal ions (HMIs) is a great challenge, which has a major role when the separation of species with similar physicochemical features is considered. In this context, ion-imprinted polymers (IIPs) developed based on the principle of molecular imprinting methodology, have emerged as an innovative solution. Recent advances in IIPs have shown that they exhibit higher selectivity coefficients than non-imprinted ones, which could support a large range of environmental applications starting from extraction and monitoring of HMIs to their detection and quantification. This review will emphasize the application of IIPs for selective removal of transition metal ions (including HMIs, precious metal ions, radionuclides, and rare earth metal ions) from aqueous solution by critically analyzing the most relevant literature studies from the last decade. In the first part of this review, the chemical components of IIPs, the main ion-imprinting technologies as well as the characterization methods used to evaluate the binding properties are briefly presented. In the second part, synthesis parameters, adsorption performance, and a descriptive analysis of solid phase extraction of heavy metal ions by various IIPs are provided.