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Manning MC, Holcomb RE, Payne RW, Stillahn JM, Connolly BD, Katayama DS, Liu H, Matsuura JE, Murphy BM, Henry CS, Crommelin DJA. Stability of Protein Pharmaceuticals: Recent Advances. Pharm Res 2024; 41:1301-1367. [PMID: 38937372 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-024-03726-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
There have been significant advances in the formulation and stabilization of proteins in the liquid state over the past years since our previous review. Our mechanistic understanding of protein-excipient interactions has increased, allowing one to develop formulations in a more rational fashion. The field has moved towards more complex and challenging formulations, such as high concentration formulations to allow for subcutaneous administration and co-formulation. While much of the published work has focused on mAbs, the principles appear to apply to any therapeutic protein, although mAbs clearly have some distinctive features. In this review, we first discuss chemical degradation reactions. This is followed by a section on physical instability issues. Then, more specific topics are addressed: instability induced by interactions with interfaces, predictive methods for physical stability and interplay between chemical and physical instability. The final parts are devoted to discussions how all the above impacts (co-)formulation strategies, in particular for high protein concentration solutions.'
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Cornell Manning
- Legacy BioDesign LLC, Johnstown, CO, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
| | - Ryan E Holcomb
- Legacy BioDesign LLC, Johnstown, CO, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Robert W Payne
- Legacy BioDesign LLC, Johnstown, CO, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Joshua M Stillahn
- Legacy BioDesign LLC, Johnstown, CO, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Charles S Henry
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
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Nascimento ALA, Guimarães AS, Rocha TDS, Goulart MOF, Xavier JDA, Santos JCC. Structural changes in hemoglobin and glycation. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2024; 125:183-229. [PMID: 38997164 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Hemoglobin (Hb) is a hemeprotein found inside erythrocytes and is crucial in transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide in our bodies. In erythrocytes (Ery), the main energy source is glucose metabolized through glycolysis. However, a fraction of Hb can undergo glycation, in which a free amine group from the protein spontaneously binds to the carbonyl of glucose in the bloodstream, resulting in the formation of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), widely used as a marker for diabetes. Glycation leads to structural and conformational changes, compromising the function of proteins, and is intensified in the event of hyperglycemia. The main changes in Hb include structural alterations to the heme group, compromising its main function (oxygen transport). In addition, amyloid aggregates can form, which are strongly related to diabetic complications and neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, this chapter discusses in vitro protocols for producing glycated Hb, as well as the main techniques and biophysical assays used to assess changes in the protein's structure before and after the glycation process. This more complete understanding of the effects of glycation on Hb is fundamental for understanding the complications associated with hyperglycemia and for developing more effective prevention and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Luise Alves Nascimento
- Federal University of Alagoas, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Campus A. C. Simões, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Ari Souza Guimarães
- Federal University of Alagoas, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Campus A. C. Simões, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Tauane Dos Santos Rocha
- Federal University of Alagoas, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Campus A. C. Simões, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | | | - Jadriane de Almeida Xavier
- Federal University of Alagoas, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Campus A. C. Simões, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil.
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Tai Y, Zhang Z, Liu Z, Li X, Yang Z, Wang Z, An L, Ma Q, Su Y. D-ribose metabolic disorder and diabetes mellitus. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:220. [PMID: 38281218 PMCID: PMC10822815 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-09076-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
D-ribose, an ubiquitous pentose compound found in all living cells, serves as a vital constituent of numerous essential biomolecules, including RNA, nucleotides, and riboflavin. It plays a crucial role in various fundamental life processes. Within the cellular milieu, exogenously supplied D-ribose can undergo phosphorylation to yield ribose-5-phosphate (R-5-P). This R-5-P compound serves a dual purpose: it not only contributes to adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production through the nonoxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) but also participates in nucleotide synthesis. Consequently, D-ribose is employed both as a therapeutic agent for enhancing cardiac function in heart failure patients and as a remedy for post-exercise fatigue. Nevertheless, recent clinical studies have suggested a potential link between D-ribose metabolic disturbances and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) along with its associated complications. Additionally, certain in vitro experiments have indicated that exogenous D-ribose exposure could trigger apoptosis in specific cell lines. This article comprehensively reviews the current advancements in D-ribose's digestion, absorption, transmembrane transport, intracellular metabolic pathways, impact on cellular behaviour, and elevated levels in diabetes mellitus. It also identifies areas requiring further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Tai
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Zehong Zhang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Fourth Hospital of Baotou, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Zhi Liu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Xiaojing Li
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Zhongbin Yang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Zeying Wang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Liang An
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Fourth Hospital of Baotou, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Qiang Ma
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yan Su
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China.
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Liu JJ, Wang ZY, Jiang BB, Gao SQ, Lin YW. Protective effect of thymoquinone on glycation of human myoglobin induced by d-ribose. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127016. [PMID: 37741485 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Nonenzymatic glycation and the subsequent accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) in proteins are factors underlying long-term pathogenesis in diabetes. The study of protein glycation is crucial for elucidating their relationship with diabetes mellitus and related disorders. This study explores the interaction between d-ribose and human myoglobin (HMb), as well as the protective effect of thymoquinone (TQ) on glycation. A time-dependent in-vitro glycation study was performed to investigate the mechanism of d-ribose-induced structural interference of HMb in the absence and presence of TQ. Spectroscopic and proteomic analysis indicated that the presence of TQ significantly reduced the total amount of AGEs while maintaining structural characteristics of HMb. 14 glycated sites on HMb were further identified via liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) after incubation with d-ribose for 12 h, predominantly interacting with lysine residues. TQ was found to disrupt this interaction, reducing the glycated sites from 14 to 12 sites and the percentage of glycated peptides from 26.50 % to 12.97 %. Additionally, there was a significant decrease in the degree of glycation at the same sites. In summary, our findings suggest that TQ has the potential to act as an anti-glycation agent and provide a comprehensive understanding underlying the inhibition mechanism of glycation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China; Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, Hunan Normal University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China.
| | - Zhan-Yi Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Bin-Bin Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Shu-Qin Gao
- Laboratory of Protein Structure and Function, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Ying-Wu Lin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China; Laboratory of Protein Structure and Function, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China.
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