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Yue S, Zhang T, Wang S, Han D, Huang S, Xiao M, Meng Y. Recent Progress of Biodegradable Polymer Package Materials: Nanotechnology Improving Both Oxygen and Water Vapor Barrier Performance. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:338. [PMID: 38392711 PMCID: PMC10892516 DOI: 10.3390/nano14040338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Biodegradable polymers have become a topic of great scientific and industrial interest due to their environmentally friendly nature. For the benefit of the market economy and environment, biodegradable materials should play a more critical role in packaging materials, which currently account for more than 50% of plastic products. However, various challenges remain for biodegradable polymers for practical packaging applications. Particularly pertaining to the poor oxygen/moisture barrier issues, which greatly limit the application of current biodegradable polymers in food packaging. In this review, various strategies for barrier property improvement are summarized, such as chain architecture and crystallinity tailoring, melt blending, multi-layer co-extrusion, surface coating, and nanotechnology. These strategies have also been considered effective ways for overcoming the poor oxygen or water vapor barrier properties of representative biodegradable polymers in mainstream research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangshuang Yue
- The Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Chemistry & Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China (T.Z.)
| | - Tianwei Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Chemistry & Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China (T.Z.)
| | - Shuanjin Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Chemistry & Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China (T.Z.)
| | - Dongmei Han
- The Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Chemistry & Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China (T.Z.)
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Sheng Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Chemistry & Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China (T.Z.)
| | - Min Xiao
- The Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Chemistry & Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China (T.Z.)
| | - Yuezhong Meng
- The Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Chemistry & Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China (T.Z.)
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
- Research Center of Green Catalysts, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- China Institute of Chemistry, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou 450000, China
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Fabrication of starch-based packaging materials. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2023. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2022-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
This chapter aims to provide the reader with some information about the possibility of starch as a suitable substitute for synthetic polymers in biodegradable food packaging. This is due to the starch has good characteristics which are great biodegradability, low cost and also easy to gain from natural resources. However, some of technical challenges are also introduced before starch-based polymers can be used in more applications. These technical challenges involved preparation methods and incorporation of additives and these are being summarized in this topic. Hence, the enhancement of starch can be done in order to prepare innovative starch-based biodegradable materials.
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Espíndola SP, Norder B, Koper GJM, Picken SJ. The Glass Transition Temperature of Heterogeneous Biopolymer Systems. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:1627-1637. [PMID: 36889305 PMCID: PMC10091355 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c01356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
Biopolymers are abundant, renewable, and biodegradable resources. However, bio-based materials often require toughening additives, like (co)polymers or small plasticizing molecules. Plasticization is monitored via the glass transition temperature versus diluent content. To describe this, several thermodynamic models exist; nevertheless, most expressions are phenomenological and lead to over-parametrization. They also fail to describe the influence of sample history and the degree of miscibility via structure-property relationships. We propose a new model to deal with semi-compatible systems: the generalized mean model, which can classify diluent segregation or partitioning. When the constant kGM is below unity, the addition of plasticizers has hardly any effect, and in some cases, even anti-plasticization is observed. On the other hand, when the kGM is above unity, the system is highly plasticized even for a small addition of the plasticizer compound, which indicates that the plasticizer locally has a higher concentration. To showcase the model, we studied Na-alginate films with increasing sizes of sugar alcohols. Our kGM analysis showed that blends have properties that depend on specific polymer interactions and morphological size effects. Finally, we also modeled other plasticized (bio)polymer systems from the literature, concluding that they all tend to have a heterogeneous nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suellen Pereira Espíndola
- Advanced Soft Matter, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Ben Norder
- Advanced Soft Matter, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Ger J M Koper
- Advanced Soft Matter, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Stephen J Picken
- Advanced Soft Matter, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
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Farrag Y, Barral L, Gualillo O, Moncada D, Montero B, Rico M, Bouza R. Effect of Different Plasticizers on Thermal, Crystalline, and Permeability Properties of Poly(3–hydroxybutyrate–co−3–hydroxyhexanoate) Films. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14173503. [PMID: 36080578 PMCID: PMC9460745 DOI: 10.3390/polym14173503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(3−hydroxybutyrate−co−3−hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBH) films were prepared using a cast film technique. Dioxane was chosen over other polymer solvents as it resulted in homogenous films with better morphology. Several plasticizers with different molecular weights and concentrations were added to the biopolymer solution prior to casting. Thermal, crystalline, and permeability properties were analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X−ray diffraction (XRD), and both water vapor and oxygen transmission rate analysis. In general, the addition of plasticizers decreased the glass transition temperature (Tg), cold crystallization temperatures (Tcc), melting temperatures, as well as crystallinity degrees and increased the crystallite sizes and water vapor and oxygen transmission rates. The use of isosorbide and low-molecular-weight poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) lowered the Tg around 30 °C at the highest used concentration, also being the most effective in increasing the crystallite size. When considering isosorbide and low-molecular-weight poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) as very good plasticizers for PHBH, the question of which plasticizer to use strongly relies on the desired PHBH application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousof Farrag
- NEIRID Group (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Building C, Travesía da Choupana s/n, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Luis Barral
- Grupo de Polímeros, Departamento de Física y Ciencias de la Tierra, Escuela Universitaria Politécnica, Serantes, Universidade da Coruña, Avda. 19 de Febrero s/n, 15471 Ferrol, Spain
| | - Oreste Gualillo
- NEIRID Group (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Building C, Travesía da Choupana s/n, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Danny Moncada
- Grupo de Polímeros, Departamento de Física y Ciencias de la Tierra, Escuela Universitaria Politécnica, Serantes, Universidade da Coruña, Avda. 19 de Febrero s/n, 15471 Ferrol, Spain
| | - Belén Montero
- Grupo de Polímeros, Departamento de Física y Ciencias de la Tierra, Escuela Universitaria Politécnica, Serantes, Universidade da Coruña, Avda. 19 de Febrero s/n, 15471 Ferrol, Spain
| | - Maite Rico
- Grupo de Polímeros, Departamento de Física y Ciencias de la Tierra, Escuela Universitaria Politécnica, Serantes, Universidade da Coruña, Avda. 19 de Febrero s/n, 15471 Ferrol, Spain
| | - Rebeca Bouza
- Grupo de Polímeros, Departamento de Física y Ciencias de la Tierra, Escuela Universitaria Politécnica, Serantes, Universidade da Coruña, Avda. 19 de Febrero s/n, 15471 Ferrol, Spain
- Correspondence:
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