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Wang Q, Shao Z, Sui J, Shen R, Chen R, Gui Z, Qi Y, Song W, Li G, Liu Y, Zheng G. Preparation of ethyl cellulose bimodal nanofibrous membrane by green electrospinning based on molecular weight regulation for high-performance air filtration. Int J Biol Macromol 2024:133411. [PMID: 38945722 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Preparing bio-based air filtration membrane through green electrospinning strategy is a vital approach to alleviating environmental and energy crises. However, the development of related biomaterials and method for regulating membrane structure are still lacking. In this study, ethyl cellulose (EC) bimodal nanofibrous membrane was prepared by electrospinning using ethanol and water as solvents to achieve high-performance air filtration. A new strategy for bimodal fiber molding based on molecular weight modulation was proposed. The EC polymer chains with medium molecular weights were subject to the highest degree of inhomogeneity of solvent intrusion, and there were significant differences in viscous forces "microscopically", leading to the formation of bimodal structure by inhomogeneous stretching of the jet. The well-defined bimodal structure endowed EC membrane with excellent air filtration performance. The filtration efficiency for PM0.3, pressure drop, quality factor were 99.11 %, 42.2 Pa, and 0.112 Pa-1, respectively. Compared to the commonly used zein, EC cost just 12.77 %, and its solution had a 50 % longer shelf life, making it a more desirable biomaterial. This work will facilitate the application of more biomaterials in air filtration, promote the green fabrication of high-performance air filtration membranes, and realize sustainable development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qibin Wang
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Zungui Shao
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jian Sui
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Ruimin Shen
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Ruixin Chen
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Zeqian Gui
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yude Qi
- Department of Instrumental and Electrical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Wenzhengyi Song
- Department of Instrumental and Electrical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Guoxin Li
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yifang Liu
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Gaofeng Zheng
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
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2
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Wang G, Xiao D, Fang Y, Ning G, Ye J. Polarity-dominated chitosan biguanide hydrochloride-based nanofibrous membrane with antibacterial activity for long-lasting air filtration. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127729. [PMID: 38287566 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Facemasks play a significant role as personal protective equipment during the COVID-19 pandemic, but their longevity is limited by the easy dissipation of electrostatic charge and the accumulation of bacteria. In this study, nanofibrous membranes composed of polyacrylonitrile and chitosan biguanide hydrochloride (PAN@CGH) with remarkable antibacterial characteristics were prepared through the coaxial electrospinning process. Particulate matter could be efficiently captured by the fibrous membrane, up to 98 % or more, via polarity-dominated forces derived from cyano and amino groups. As compared commercial N95 masks, the PAN@CGH was more resistant to a wider variety of disinfection protocols. Additionally, the nanofibrous membrane could kill >99.99 % of both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Based on these characteristics, PAN@CGH nanofibrous membrane was applied to facial mask, which possessed an excellent and long-lasting effect on the capture of airborne particles. This work may be one of the most promising strategies on designing high-performance face masks for public health protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116012, PR China
| | - Dingwen Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116012, PR China
| | - Yueguang Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116012, PR China
| | - Guiling Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116012, PR China; Engineering Laboratory of Boric and Magnesic Functional Material Preparative and Applied Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, PR China
| | - Junwei Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116012, PR China; Engineering Laboratory of Boric and Magnesic Functional Material Preparative and Applied Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, PR China.
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3
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Pakolpakçıl A, Kılıç A, Draczynski Z. Optimization of the Centrifugal Spinning Parameters to Prepare Poly(butylene succinate) Nanofibers Mats for Aerosol Filter Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:3150. [PMID: 38133047 PMCID: PMC10745326 DOI: 10.3390/nano13243150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution is becoming a serious issue because it negatively impacts the quality of life. One of the first most useful self-defense approaches against air pollution are face masks. Typically made of non-renewable petroleum-based polymers, these masks are harmful to the environment, and they are mostly disposable. Poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) is regarded as one of the most promising materials because of its exceptional processability and regulated biodegradability in a range of applications. In this regard, nanofiber-based face masks are becoming more and more popular because of their small pores, light weight, and excellent filtration capabilities. Centrifugal spinning (CS) provides an alternative method for producing nanofibers from various materials at high speeds and low costs. This current study aimed to investigate the effect of processing parameters on the resultant PBS fiber morphology. Following that, the usability of PBS nonwoven as a filter media was investigated. The effects of solution concentration, rotating speed, and needle size have been examined using a three-factorial Box-Behnken experimental design. The results revealed that PBS concentration had a substantial influence on fiber diameter, with a minimum fiber diameter of 172 nm attained under optimum production conditions compared to the anticipated values of 166 nm. It has been demonstrated that the desired function and the Box-Behnken design are useful instruments for predicting the process parameters involved in the production of PBS nanofibers. PBS filters can achieve an excellent efficiency of more than 98% with a pressure drop of 238 Pa at a flow rate of 85 L/min. The disposable PBS filter media was able to return to nature after use via hydrolysis processes. The speed and cost-effectiveness of the CS process, as well as the environmentally benign characteristics of the PBS polymer, may all contribute considerably to the development of new-age filters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayben Pakolpakçıl
- Faculty of Textile Technologies and Design, İstanbul Technical University, İnönü Cad, No 65 Gümüşsuyu, Beyoğlu, 34421 Istanbul, Türkiye;
- Faculty of Art and Design, İstanbul Nişantaşı University, Maslak Mahallesi, Taşyoncası Sok, No 1V-1Y, Sarıyer, 34398 Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Ali Kılıç
- Faculty of Textile Technologies and Design, İstanbul Technical University, İnönü Cad, No 65 Gümüşsuyu, Beyoğlu, 34421 Istanbul, Türkiye;
| | - Zbigniew Draczynski
- Institute of Materials Science of Textiles and Polymer Composites, Lodz University of Technology, 116 Zeromskiego Street, 90-924 Lodz, Poland;
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Cimini A, Imperi E, Picano A, Rossi M. Electrospun nanofibers for medical face mask with protection capabilities against viruses: State of the art and perspective for industrial scale-up. APPLIED MATERIALS TODAY 2023; 32:101833. [PMID: 37152683 PMCID: PMC10151159 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmt.2023.101833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Face masks have proven to be a useful protection from airborne viruses and bacteria, especially in the recent years pandemic outbreak when they effectively lowered the risk of infection from Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) or Omicron variants, being recognized as one of the main protective measures adopted by the World Health Organization (WHO). The need for improving the filtering efficiency performance to prevent penetration of fine particulate matter (PM), which can be potential bacteria or virus carriers, has led the research into developing new methods and techniques for face mask fabrication. In this perspective, Electrospinning has shown to be the most efficient technique to get either synthetic or natural polymers-based fibers with size down to the nanoscale providing remarkable performance in terms of both particle filtration and breathability. The aim of this Review is to give further insight into the implementation of electrospun nanofibers for the realization of the next generation of face masks, with functionalized membranes via addiction of active material to the polymer solutions that can give optimal features about antibacterial, antiviral, self-sterilization, and electrical energy storage capabilities. Furthermore, the recent advances regarding the use of renewable materials and green solvent strategies to improve the sustainability of electrospun membranes and to fabricate eco-friendly filters are here discussed, especially in view of the large-scale nanofiber production where traditional membrane manufacturing may result in a high environmental and health risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cimini
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences for Engineering, University of Rome Sapienza, Rome 00161, Italy
- LABOR s.r.l., Industrial Research Laboratory, Via Giacomo Peroni, 386, Rome, Italy
| | - E Imperi
- LABOR s.r.l., Industrial Research Laboratory, Via Giacomo Peroni, 386, Rome, Italy
| | - A Picano
- LABOR s.r.l., Industrial Research Laboratory, Via Giacomo Peroni, 386, Rome, Italy
| | - M Rossi
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences for Engineering, University of Rome Sapienza, Rome 00161, Italy
- Research Center for Nanotechnology for Engineering of Sapienza (CNIS), University of Rome Sapienza, Rome 00185, Italy
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Wu R, Shanbhag S, Selvaganapathy PR. Efficient, Breathable, and Compostable Multilayer Air Filter Material Prepared from Plant-Derived Biopolymers. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:380. [PMID: 37103807 PMCID: PMC10146039 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13040380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
State-of-art face masks and respirators are fabricated as single-use devices using microfibrous polypropylene fabrics, which are challenging to be collected and recycled at a community scale. Compostable face masks and respirators can offer a viable alternative to reducing their environmental impact. In this work, we have developed a compostable air filter produced by electrospinning a plant-derived protein, zein, on a craft paper-based substrate. The electrospun material is tailored to be humidity tolerant and mechanically durable by crosslinking zein with citric acid. The electrospun material demonstrated a high particle filtration efficiency (PFE) of 91.15% and a high pressure drop (PD) of 191.2 Pa using an aerosol particle diameter of 75 ± 2 nm at a face velocity of 10 cm/s. We deployed a pleated structure to reduce the PD or improve the breathability of the electrospun material without compromising the PFE over short- and long-duration tests. Over a 1 h salt loading test, the PD of a single-layer pleated filter increased from 28.9 to 39.1 Pa, while that of the flat sample increased from 169.3 to 327 Pa. The stacking of pleated layers enhanced the PFE while retaining a low PD; a two-layer stack with a pleat width of 5 mm offers a PFE of 95.4 ± 0.34% and a low PD of 75.2 ± 6.1 Pa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Wu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Sneha Shanbhag
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - P. Ravi Selvaganapathy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
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6
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Shen R, Guo Y, Wang S, Tuerxun A, He J, Bian Y. Biodegradable Electrospun Nanofiber Membranes as Promising Candidates for the Development of Face Masks. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1306. [PMID: 36674061 PMCID: PMC9858797 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Aerosol particles, such as the widespread COVID-19 recently, have posed a great threat to humans. Combat experience has proven that masks can protect against viruses; however, the epidemic in recent years has caused serious environmental pollution from plastic medical supplies, especially masks. Degradable filters are promising candidates to alleviate this problem. Degradable nanofiber filters, which are developed by the electrospinning technique, can achieve superior filtration performance. This review focuses on the basic introduction to air filtration, the general aspects of face masks, and nanofibers. Furthermore, the progress of the state of art degradable electrospun nanofiber filters have been summarized, such as silk fibroin (SF), polylactic acid (PLA), chitosan, cellulose, and zein. Finally, the challenges and future development are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ye Bian
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
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Shao Z, Chen H, Wang Q, Kang G, Wang X, Li W, Liu Y, Zheng G. High-performance multifunctional electrospun fibrous air filter for personal protection: A review. Sep Purif Technol 2022; 302:122175. [PMID: 36168392 PMCID: PMC9492398 DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
With the increasingly serious air pollution and the rampant coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID–19), preparing high–performance air filter to achieve the effective personal protection has become a research hotspot. Electrospun nanofibrous membrane has become the first choice of air filter because of its small diameter, high specific surface area and porosity. However, improving the filtration performance of the filter only cannot meet the personal needs: it should be given more functions based on high filtration performance to maximize the personal benefits, called, multifunctional, which can also be easily realized by electrospinning technology, and has attracted much attention. In this review, the filtration mechanism of high–performance electrospun air filter is innovatively summarized from the perspective of membrane. On this basis, the specific preparation process, advantages and disadvantages are analyzed in detail. Furthermore, other functions required for achieving maximum personal protection benefits are introduced specifically, and the existing high–performance electrospun air filter with multiple functions are summarized. Finally, the challenges, limitations, and development trends of manufacturing high–performance air filter with multiple functions for personal protection are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zungui Shao
- Department of Instrumental and Electrical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Huatan Chen
- Department of Instrumental and Electrical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Qingfeng Wang
- Department of Instrumental and Electrical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Guoyi Kang
- Department of Instrumental and Electrical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024, China
| | - Wenwang Li
- School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024, China
| | - Yifang Liu
- Department of Instrumental and Electrical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Gaofeng Zheng
- Department of Instrumental and Electrical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
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Chen HW, Kuo YL, Chen CH, Chiou CS, Chen WT, Lai YH. Biocompatibile nanofiber based membranes for high-efficiency filtration of nano-aerosols with low air resistance. PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION : TRANSACTIONS OF THE INSTITUTION OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERS, PART B 2022; 167:695-707. [PMID: 36185493 PMCID: PMC9510075 DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2022.09.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Particulate matter (PMs) from combustion emissions (traffic, power plant, and industries) and the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic have recently enhanced the development of personal protective equipment against airborne pathogens to protect humans' respiratory system. However, most commercial face masks still cannot simultaneously achieve breathability and high filtration of PMs, bacteria, and viruses. This study used the electrospinning method with polyimide (PI) and polyethersulfone (PES) solutions to form a nanofiber membrane with low-pressure loss and high biocompatibility for high-efficiency bacteria, viruses, and nano-aerosol removal. Conclusively, the optimized nano-sized PI/PES membrane (0.1625 m2/g basis weight) exhibited conspicuous performance for the highest filtration efficiency towards PM from 50 to 500 nm (99.74 %), good filter quality of nano-aerosol (3.27 Pa-1), exceptional interception ratio against 100-nm airborne COVID-19 (over 99 %), and non-toxic effect on the human body (107 % cell viability). The PI/PES nanofiber membrane required potential advantage to form a medical face mask because of its averaged 97 % BEF on Staphylococcus aureus filiation and ultra-low pressure loss of 0.98 Pa by referring ASTM F2101-01. The non-toxic PI/PES filters provide a new perspective on designing excellent performance for nano-aerosols from air pollution and airborne COVID-19 with easy and comfortable breathing under ultra-low air flow resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Wei Chen
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Ilan University, Yilan 260, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Lin Kuo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chien-Hua Chen
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Ilan University, Yilan 260, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chyow-San Chiou
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Ilan University, Yilan 260, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wei-Ting Chen
- Department of Cosmetic Application & Management, St. Mary's Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Yilan 266, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Hung Lai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, ROC
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Renkler NZ, Cruz-Maya I, Bonadies I, Guarino V. Electro Fluid Dynamics: A Route to Design Polymers and Composites for Biomedical and Bio-Sustainable Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14194249. [PMID: 36236197 PMCID: PMC9572386 DOI: 10.3390/polym14194249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last two decades, several processes have been explored for the development of micro and/or nanostructured substrates by sagely physically and/or chemically manipulating polymer materials. These processes have to be designed to overcome some of the limitations of the traditional ones in terms of feasibility, reproducibility, and sustainability. Herein, the primary aim of this work is to focus on the enormous potential of using a high voltage electric field to manipulate polymers from synthetic and/or natural sources for the fabrication of different devices based on elementary units, i.e., fibers or particles, with different characteristic sizes—from micro to nanoscale. Firstly, basic principles and working mechanisms will be introduced in order to correlate the effect of selected process parameters (i.e., an applied voltage) on the dimensional features of the structures. Secondly, a comprehensive overview of the recent trends and potential uses of these processes will be proposed for different biomedical and bio-sustainable application areas.
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Deng Y, Lu T, Zhang X, Zeng Z, Tao R, Qu Q, Zhang Y, Zhu M, Xiong R, Huang C. Multi-hierarchical nanofiber membrane with typical curved-ribbon structure fabricated by green electrospinning for efficient, breathable and sustainable air filtration. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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