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Li X, Chen Y, Peng X, Zhu Y, Duan W, Ji R, Xiao H, Li X, Liu G, Yu Y, Cao Y. Anti-inflammation mechanisms of a homogeneous polysaccharide from Phyllanthus emblica L. on DSS induced colitis mice via the gut microbiota and metabolites alteration. Food Chem 2024; 459:140346. [PMID: 38981378 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Phyllanthus emblica L. offers promising therapeutic potential for inflammatory diseases. This study revealed the molecular structure of a homogeneous polysaccharide purified from Phyllanthus emblica L. (PEP-1) and evaluated its anti-inflammatory effects on ulcerative colitis (UC) in mice. In the in vivo experiment, administered in varying dosages to dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced UC models, PEP-1 significantly alleviated colonic symptoms, histological damages and reshaped the gut microbiota. Notably, it adjusted the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and reduced pro-inflammatory species, closely aligning with shifts in the fecal metabolites and metabolic pathways such as the metabolism of pyrimidine, beta-alanine, and purine. These findings underscore the potential of PEP-1 as a therapeutic agent for UC, providing insights into the mechanisms through gut microbiota and metabolic modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; College of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China,; Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Yihan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xinan Peng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Wen Duan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ruya Ji
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Hang Xiao
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Xueli Li
- Eastroc Beverage Group Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Guo Liu
- College of Light Industry and Food, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510225, China.
| | - Yigang Yu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China,.
| | - Yong Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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2
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Yang L, Lai X, Jin S, Wang H, Lin F, Jin X, Chen Y, Wang R, Huang Y, Zhang Y, Tian S, Fang X, Duan X, Zhang Q. Exploring the anti-ovarian aging mechanism of He's Yangchao formula: Insights from multi-omics analysis in naturally aged mice. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 134:155961. [PMID: 39178679 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rapid acceleration of female reproductive aging has become a major public health concern. He's Yangchao formula (HSYC), a compound comprising eight herbs, has demonstrated efficacy in enhancing ovarian function. Thus, an in-depth study of its anti-ovarian aging mechanism is required. PURPOSE To evaluate the anti-ovarian aging effect of HSYC in naturally aged mice and investigate the underlying mechanism by analyzing the gut microbiota (GM), metabolome, and transcriptome. METHODS Young and advanced maternal age (AMA) mice were selected for this study. Hematoxylin and eosin staining, fluorescence staining, western blotting, and qPCR analyses were used to detect the phenotypes associated with ovarian aging. Subsequently, analyses of the GM, transcriptome, and metabolome analyses were performed to explore the potential mechanisms of action of HSYC. Finally, in vivo and in vitro experiments were performed to verify potential therapeutic mechanisms. RESULTS HSYC promoted follicular development in AMA mice and ameliorated age-related mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis, and defects in DNA damage repair. GM analysis revealed that HSYC treatment significantly increased the abundance of Akkermansia and Turicibacter. Transcriptome and metabolome analyses showed that HSYC might mitigate ovarian aging by regulating metabolic pathways, amino acid metabolism, glutathione metabolism, and the synthesis of pantothenic acid and coenzyme A. Combined transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses identified the glutathione metabolic pathway as the key pathway through which HSYC counteracts ovarian aging. Additional experimental verification confirmed that HSYC upregulated the glutathione metabolic genes GPX8, GSTA1, and GSTA4, increased glutathione-related products (GSH), and reduced ROS levels. CONCLUSIONS HSYC exerts beneficial therapeutic effects on ovarian aging by regulating multiple endogenous metabolites, targets, and metabolic pathways, with an emphasis on its anti-ovarian aging effects through the glutathione metabolic pathway. These findings underscore the innovative potential of HSYC in addressing ovarian aging and offer a novel therapeutic approach that targets multiple biological pathways to improve the reproductive health of women with AMA..
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuqing Yang
- Department of TCM Gynecology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310000, PR China; Research Institute of Women's Reproductive Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, PR China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Precise Protection and Promotion of Fertility, Hangzhou 310016, PR China
| | - Xinle Lai
- Department of TCM Gynecology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310000, PR China; Research Institute of Women's Reproductive Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, PR China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Precise Protection and Promotion of Fertility, Hangzhou 310016, PR China
| | - Shuo Jin
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, PR China
| | - Heng Wang
- Department of TCM Gynecology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310000, PR China
| | - Fangxuan Lin
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, PR China
| | - Xin Jin
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, PR China
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of TCM Gynecology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310000, PR China; Research Institute of Women's Reproductive Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, PR China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Precise Protection and Promotion of Fertility, Hangzhou 310016, PR China
| | - Ruye Wang
- Department of TCM Gynecology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310000, PR China; Research Institute of Women's Reproductive Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, PR China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Precise Protection and Promotion of Fertility, Hangzhou 310016, PR China
| | - Yun Huang
- Department of TCM Gynecology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310000, PR China; Research Institute of Women's Reproductive Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, PR China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Precise Protection and Promotion of Fertility, Hangzhou 310016, PR China
| | - Yiqun Zhang
- Department of TCM Gynecology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310000, PR China; Research Institute of Women's Reproductive Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, PR China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Precise Protection and Promotion of Fertility, Hangzhou 310016, PR China
| | - Saisai Tian
- Department of Phytochemistry, School of Pharmacy, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Xiaohong Fang
- Department of TCM Gynecology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310000, PR China; Research Institute of Women's Reproductive Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, PR China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Precise Protection and Promotion of Fertility, Hangzhou 310016, PR China
| | - Xing Duan
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, PR China; Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, PR China.
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of TCM Gynecology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310000, PR China; Research Institute of Women's Reproductive Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, PR China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Precise Protection and Promotion of Fertility, Hangzhou 310016, PR China.
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3
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Liu S, Hou H, Yang M, Zhang H, Sun C, Wei L, Xu S, Guo W. Hypoglycemic effect of orally administered resistant dextrins prepared with different acids on type 2 diabetes mice induced by high-fat diet and streptozotocin. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:134085. [PMID: 39126981 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
A comparative study was performed to investigate the physicochemical properties and protective effects of hydrochloric acid-resistant dextrin (H-RD), citric acid-resistant dextrin (C-RD) and tartaric acid-resistant dextrin (T-RD) on the metabolic disorders and intestinal microbiota for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) mice. T-RD had the minimum molecular weight, with the highest short chain (DP 6-12) proportion and resistant starch content. After 4-week intervention with the three resistant dextrins, the body weight and fasting blood glucose of T2DM mice were improved significantly, accompanied by the reduction of serum indexes (TG, TC, LDL-C, ALT, AST, CRE, BUN, FINS, and GSP), but the serum HDL-C and liver glycogen levels increased. Among the three RDs intervention groups, T-RD showed the most significant improvement, followed by C-RD and finally H-RD. The 16 s rDNA results indicated that oral administration of resistant dextrins favored the proliferation of specific gut microbiota, including Faecalibaculum, Parabacteroides and Dubosiella, and reduced the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidota, which is beneficial for reducing insulin resistance. Herein, the findings supported that the resistant dextrins exhibited a remission effect on T2DM, providing a basis for the development of functional food adjuvants for T2DM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Culinary Institute, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Hanxue Hou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Meng Yang
- Zhucheng Xingmao corn development Co., LTD, Zhucheng, Shandong 262218, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Culinary Institute, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China.
| | - Chunrui Sun
- Zhucheng Xingmao corn development Co., LTD, Zhucheng, Shandong 262218, China
| | - Lili Wei
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Song Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Weili Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
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4
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Liu W, Xu S, Zhang B, Sun X. Ramulus Mori (Sangzhi) Alkaloids Alleviate Diabetic Nephropathy through Improving Gut Microbiota Disorder. Nutrients 2024; 16:2346. [PMID: 39064789 PMCID: PMC11280480 DOI: 10.3390/nu16142346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN), one of the leading causes of end-stage kidney failure worldwide, is closely associated with high mortality in diabetic patients. However, therapeutic drugs for DN are still lacking. Ramulus Mori alkaloids (SZ-A), an effective component of alkaloids extracted from Ramulus Mori, have been found to improve glucose and lipid metabolism to mitigate diabetes and obesity; however, few studies have focused on their effects on DN progression. Thus, we investigated the protective role of SZ-A on DN through 16S rRNA sequencing, non-targeted metabolomics, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) experiments. To address our hypothesis, we established the DN mouse model by combining a high-fat diet (HFD) with streptozotocin (STZ) injection. Herein, we demonstrated that SZ-A supplementation was recalcitrant to renal injury in DN mice, improving glomerular morphology, reversing the blood biochemistry parameters, and ameliorating podocyte injury. Importantly, the composition of the gut microbiota altered after SZ-A treatment, especially with the elevated abundance of Dubosiella and the increased level of serum pentadecanoic acid. FMT experiments further revealed that the gut microbiota exerted critical effects in mediating the beneficial roles of SZ-A. In vitro experiments proved that pentadecanoic acid administration improved podocyte apoptosis induced by AGEs. Taken together, SZ-A play a renoprotective role, possibly through regulating the gut microbiota and promoting pentadecanoic acid production. Our current study lends support to more extensive clinical applications of SZ-A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiu Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (W.L.); (S.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China
- Diabetes Research Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine against Glyeolipid Metabolism Disorder Disease, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Saijun Xu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (W.L.); (S.X.)
| | - Bin Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (W.L.); (S.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China
- Diabetes Research Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine against Glyeolipid Metabolism Disorder Disease, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaobo Sun
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (W.L.); (S.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China
- Diabetes Research Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine against Glyeolipid Metabolism Disorder Disease, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100193, China
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5
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Huang Y, Luo B, Shan S, Wu Y, Lin H, Wang F, Li C, Zhu R, Zhao C. Application of Ulva lactuca polysaccharide in the preservation of refrigerated of Lateolabrax maculatus fillets. Food Chem X 2024; 22:101494. [PMID: 38846800 PMCID: PMC11154192 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the use of Ulva lactuca polysaccharide (ULP) as a preservative for perch (Lateolabrax maculatus) fillets stored under refrigeration at 4 °C. Fresh perch fillets were treated with ULP (7-10 kDa) and potassium sorbate, respectively, to evaluate their effectiveness in inhibiting bacterial growth and maintain freshness. A 0.5% ULP solution significantly decreased the pH value, total volatile basic nitrogen value, thiobarbituric acid value, and total bacterial count of perch fillets. ULP solution delayed the changes in whiteness and texture of fillets, as well as protein degradation. The acute toxicity experiment further evaluates the safety and reliability of ULP. Simultaneously, utilizing 16S rRNA techniques, the ULP solution inhibited microorganisms known for their strong spoilage capabilities, such as Pseudomonas, Actinetobacter, and Shewanella. Microorganisms with a weaker ability to cause corruption became the dominant bacteria, such as Acetobacter, Lactobacillus, and Faecalibacterium, thereby exerting a degree of inhibition against spoilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Huang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Biying Luo
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Shuo Shan
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
- College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yijing Wu
- Institute of Oceanography, College of Geography and Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Haiyan Lin
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Feifei Wang
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Chuan Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Ruiyu Zhu
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Chao Zhao
- College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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6
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Chen J, Wang S, Guo F, Gong Y, Chen T, Shaw C, Jiang R, Huang F, Lin D. 1H-NMR-based metabolomics reveals the preventive effect of Enteromorpha prolifera polysaccharides on diabetes in Zucker diabetic fatty rats. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:4049-4062. [PMID: 38873458 PMCID: PMC11167149 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.4061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The primary objective of this investigation was to explore the beneficial impacts of Enteromorpha prolifera polysaccharide (EP) on dysglycemia in Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats, while also shedding light on its potential mechanism using 1H-NMR-based metabolomics. The results demonstrated a noteworthy reduction in fasting blood glucose (FBG, 46.3%), fasting insulin (50.17%), glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c, 44.1%), and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR, 59.75%) following EP administration, while the insulin sensitivity index (ISI, 19.6%) and homeostatic model assessment of β-cell function (HOMA-β, 2.5-fold) were significantly increased. These findings indicate that EP enhances β-cell function, increases insulin sensitivity, and improves insulin resistance caused by diabetes. Moreover, EP significantly reduced serum lipid levels, suggesting improvement of dyslipidemia. Through the analysis of serum metabolomics, 17 metabolites were found to be altered in diabetic rats, 14 of which were upregulated and 3 of which were downregulated. Notably, the administration of EP successfully reversed the abnormal levels of 9 out of the 17 metabolites. Pathway analysis further revealed that EP treatment partially restored metabolic dysfunction, with notable effects observed in valine, leucine, and isoleucine metabolism; aminoacyl-transfer RNA (tRNA) biosynthesis; and ketone body metabolism. These findings collectively indicate the potential therapeutic efficacy of EP in preventing glycemic abnormalities and improving insulin resistance. Thus, EP holds promise as a valuable treatment option for individuals with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public HealthFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Shuting Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public HealthFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Fuchuan Guo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public HealthFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Yupeng Gong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public HealthFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujianChina
| | | | - Chris Shaw
- School of PharmacyQueen's UniversityBelfastUK
| | - Rencai Jiang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public HealthFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Fang Huang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public HealthFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Dai Lin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public HealthFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujianChina
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7
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Wang X, Guo L, Zheng L, Zhao W, Li L. Natural Sweetener Glycyrrhetinic Acid Monoglucuronide Improves Glucose Homeostasis in Healthy Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:3483-3494. [PMID: 38346790 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Noncaloric or low-caloric sweeteners have become popular worldwide, although debates persist regarding their impact on health. To investigate whether the sweeteners are favorable for glucose homeostasis, our study assessed the effects of glycyrrhetinic acid monoglucuronide (GAMG) and several commonly used sweeteners [glycyrrhetinic acid (GA), stevioside, erythritol, sucralose, and aspartame] on glycometabolism and elucidated the underlying mechanisms. The C57BL/6J male mice were exposed to different sweeteners for 10 weeks, and our results showed that GAMG significantly reduced fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels (FBG-control: 3.81 ± 0.42 mmol/L; FBG-GAMG: 3.37 ± 0.38 mmol/L; p < 0.05) and the blood glucose levels 15 and 30 min after sucrose or maltose loading (p < 0.05). Furthermore, it improved glucose tolerance (p = 0.028) and enhanced insulin sensitivity (p = 0.044), while the other sweeteners had negligible or adverse effects on glucose homeostasis. Subsequent experiments showed that GAMG inhibited α-glucosidases potently (IC50 = 0.879 mg·mL-1), increased three SCFA-producing bacteria and SCFAs levels (p < 0.05), and promoted the gene expression of SCFA receptor GPR43 (p = 0.018). These results suggest that GAMG may regulate blood glucose by inhibiting α-glucosidases and modulating gut microbial SCFAs. Our findings prove that GAMG, beneficial to blood glucose regulation, is a promising natural sweetener for future utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Lichun Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Libing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
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8
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Tong A, Li Z, Liu X, Ge X, Zhao R, Liu B, Zhao L, Zhao C. Laminaria japonica polysaccharide alleviates type 2 diabetes by regulating the microbiota-gut-liver axis: A multi-omics mechanistic analysis. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:128853. [PMID: 38134985 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
The hypoglycemic effects of low-molecular-weight Laminaria japonica polysaccharide (LJO) were investigated in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) mice, focusing on its effect on the microbiome, metabolome, and transcriptome. The findings demonstrated that LJO significantly reduced fasting blood glucose levels, insulin levels, and inflammatory factors. Additionally, LJO induced changes in gut microbiota composition and increased the concentrations of cecal short-chain fatty acids. Analysis of transcriptomics and metabolomics data revealed that LJO primarily altered the endocrine and digestive systems, signal transduction, and lipid metabolism. It led to a decrease in palmitic acid levels and an increase in glutathione levels. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay suggested that LJO upregulated Irs1 expression, consequently reducing insulin resistance. These findings strongly suggest that LJO holds promise in ameliorating T2DM and may serve as a potential dietary supplement for patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aijun Tong
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zhiqun Li
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health; Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Xiaodong Ge
- College of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224051, China
| | - Runfan Zhao
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Bin Liu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Lina Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Chao Zhao
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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9
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Wang P, Cai M, Yang K, Sun P, Xu J, Li Z, Tian B. Phenolics from Dendrobium officinale Leaf Ameliorate Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Chronic Colitis by Regulating Gut Microbiota and Intestinal Barrier. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:16630-16646. [PMID: 37883687 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c05339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
The increasing incidence of colitis and the side effects of its therapeutic drugs have led to the search for compounds of natural origin, including phenolics, as new treatments for colitis. In this study, the potential mechanism of Dendrobium officinale leaf phenolics (DOP) on the relief of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis was explored. The results showed that DOP treatment for 36 days reduced the symptoms of colitis caused by DSS, including reduction of the disease activity index and alleviation of colonic tissue damage. In addition, DOP downregulated the expression of key proteins of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway and reduced the production of inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, DOP could enhance the expression of tight junction proteins including ZO-1, Occludin, and Claudin-1 to restore intestinal mucosal barrier function. DOP also effectively regulates disordered intestinal flora and enhances the production of short-chain fatty acids, which is also beneficial in modulating gut internal environmental homeostasis, inhibiting inflammation, and restoring the intestinal barrier. These findings indicated that DOP can ameliorate DSS-induced chronic colitis by regulating gut microbiota, intestinal barrier, and inflammation, and it is a promising ingredient from D. officinale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyi Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Food Macromolecular Resources Processing Technology Research (Zhejiang University of Technology), China National Light Industry, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Cai
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Food Macromolecular Resources Processing Technology Research (Zhejiang University of Technology), China National Light Industry, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Yang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Food Macromolecular Resources Processing Technology Research (Zhejiang University of Technology), China National Light Industry, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Peilong Sun
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Food Macromolecular Resources Processing Technology Research (Zhejiang University of Technology), China National Light Industry, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Xu
- Longevity Valley Botanical Co., Ltd., Jinhua 321200, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenhao Li
- Longevity Valley Botanical Co., Ltd., Jinhua 321200, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoming Tian
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Food Macromolecular Resources Processing Technology Research (Zhejiang University of Technology), China National Light Industry, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China
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10
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Yang S, Yang H, Zhang Y. Yao-Shan of traditional Chinese medicine: an old story for metabolic health. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1194026. [PMID: 37663255 PMCID: PMC10468577 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1194026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), cardio-cerebrovascular diseases (CCVDs), hyperuricemia and gout, and metabolic-related sexual dysfunction are metabolic diseases that affect human health in modern society. Scientists have made great efforts to investigate metabolic diseases using cell models in vitro or animal models in the past. However, the findings from cells or animals are difficult to translate into clinical applications due to factors such as the in vitro and in vivo differences; the differences in anatomy, physiology, and genetics between humans and animals; and the differences in microbiome-host interaction. The Chinese have extensively used the medicated diet of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) (also named as Yao-Shan of TCM, Chinese Yao-Shan et al.) to maintain or improve cardiometabolic health for more than 2,200 years. These ancient classic diets of TCM are essential summaries of long-term life and clinical practices. Over the past 5 years, our group has made every effort to collect and sort out the classic Yao-Shan of TCM from the ancient TCM literature since Spring and Autumn and Warring States Period, especially these are involved in the prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases, such as diabetes, NAFLD, CCVDs, hyperuricemia and gout, and sexual dysfunction. Here, we summarized and discussed the classic Yao-Shan of TCM for metabolic diseases according to the time recorded in the ancient literature, and revised the Latin names of the raw materials in these Yao-Shan of TCM. Moreover, the modern medicine evidences of some Yao-Shan of TCM on metabolic diseases have also been summarized and emphasized in here. However, the exact composition (in terms of ratios), preparation process, and dosage of many Yao-Shan are not standardized, and their main active ingredients are vague. Uncovering the mystery of Yao-Shan of TCM through modern biological and chemical strategies will help us open a door, which is ancient but now looks new, to modulate metabolic homeostasis and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangling Yang
- School of Health Sciences, Guangzhou Xinhua University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongzhi Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yaxing Zhang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Research Centre of Basic Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pathogenesis and Therapy Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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11
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Tang L, Xiao M, Cai S, Mou H, Li D. Potential Application of Marine Fucosyl-Polysaccharides in Regulating Blood Glucose and Hyperglycemic Complications. Foods 2023; 12:2600. [PMID: 37444337 DOI: 10.3390/foods12132600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) has become the world's third major disease after tumors and cardiovascular disease. With the exploitation of marine biological resources, the efficacy of using polysaccharides isolated from marine organisms in blood glucose regulation has received widespread attention. Some marine polysaccharides can reduce blood glucose by inhibiting digestive enzyme activity, eliminating insulin resistance, and regulating gut microbiota. These polysaccharides are mainly fucose-containing sulphated polysaccharides from algae and sea cucumbers. It follows that the hypoglycemic activity of marine fucosyl-polysaccharides is closely related to their structure, such as their sulfate group, monosaccharide composition, molecular weight and glycosidic bond type. However, the structure of marine fucosyl-polysaccharides and the mechanism of their hypoglycemic activity are not yet clear. Therefore, this review comprehensively covers the effects of marine fucosyl-polysaccharides sources, mechanisms and the structure-activity relationship on hypoglycemic activity. Moreover, the potential regulatory effects of fucosyl-polysaccharides on vascular complications caused by hyperglycemia are also summarized in this review. This review provides rationales for the activity study of marine fucosyl-polysaccharides and new insights into the high-value utilization of marine biological resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luying Tang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Mengshi Xiao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Shenyuan Cai
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Haijin Mou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Dongyu Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266003, China
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12
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Zhu R, Ouyang Y, Chen Y, Zhang L, Nie J, Farag MA, Capanoglu E, Zhao C. The therapeutic potential for senescence-associated diabetes of green alga Enteromorpha prolifera polysaccharide. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 232:123465. [PMID: 36720326 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
DEAE-52 and Sephadex G-100 columns were used to isolate Enteromorpha prolifera polysaccharide (EPP), which contains α-L-Rhap-(1 → 4)-α-L-Arap-(1 → 2)-α-L-Rhap-(1 → 3)-β-D-Galp-(1 → structural fragment, along with α-L-Rhap-(1 → and →2)-α-L-Rhap-(1 → 3)-β-D-GlcpA-(1 → side bonds that connect to →3,6)-β-D-Galp-(1→. The anti-ageing and hypoglycemic activities of EPP were assessed using an ageing diabetic mice model, and the revealed that EPP could improve glucose metabolism-associated parameters and inhibit the expression of ageing associated genes, including p16INK4a, p38 MAPK, NOX-1, VEGF, and AGER, thus preventing liver damage. Moreover, gut microbiota profiling revealed that EPP significantly increased the abundances of o_Lactobacillaceae, c_Bacilli, f_Lactobacillaceae, g_Lactobacillus, and p_Firmicutes, showing that EPP has a probiotic effect on enhancing the beneficial microbiota in ageing diabetic mice. In summary, EPP might serve as a potential bioactive compound to alleviate hyperglycaemia and ageing in diabetic in mice and further clinical studies are required to verify these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyu Zhu
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Yuezhen Ouyang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yihan Chen
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Lizhu Zhang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jianping Nie
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Mohamed A Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Esra Capanoglu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Chao Zhao
- College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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13
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Song Y, Li S, Gong H, Yip RCS, Chen H. Biopharmaceutical applications of microbial polysaccharides as materials: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 239:124259. [PMID: 37003381 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Biological characteristics of natural polymers make microbial polysaccharides an excellent choice for biopharmaceuticals. Due to its easy purifying procedure and high production efficiency, it is capable of resolving the existing application issues associated with some plant and animal polysaccharides. Furthermore, microbial polysaccharides are recognized as prospective substitutes for these polysaccharides based on the search for eco-friendly chemicals. In this review, the microstructure and properties of microbial polysaccharides are utilized to highlight their characteristics and potential medical applications. From the standpoint of pathogenic processes, in-depth explanations are provided on the effects of microbial polysaccharides as active ingredients in the treatment of human diseases, anti-aging, and drug delivery. In addition, the scholarly developments and commercial applications of microbial polysaccharides as medical raw materials are also discussed. The conclusion is that understanding the use of microbial polysaccharides in biopharmaceuticals is essential for the future development of pharmacology and therapeutic medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yige Song
- Marine College, Shandong University, NO. 180 Wenhua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, PR China
| | - Shuxin Li
- SDU-ANU Joint Science College, Shandong University, NO. 180 Wenhua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, PR China
| | - Hao Gong
- SDU-ANU Joint Science College, Shandong University, NO. 180 Wenhua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, PR China
| | - Ryan Chak Sang Yip
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Hao Chen
- Marine College, Shandong University, NO. 180 Wenhua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, PR China.
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14
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Xu HY, Li QC, Zhou WJ, Zhang HB, Chen ZX, Peng N, Gong SY, Liu B, Zeng F. Anti-Oxidative and Anti-Aging Effects of Probiotic Fermented Ginseng by Modulating Gut Microbiota and Metabolites in Caenorhabditis elegans. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2023:10.1007/s11130-023-01055-9. [PMID: 36947370 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-023-01055-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Antioxidative and antiaging abilities of probiotic fermented ginseng (PG) were evaluated in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). Lifespan and effect on heat stress and acute oxidative stress in C. elegans were significantly enhanced by PG. Antioxidative enzymes such as T-SOD, GSH-PX, CAT were significantly up-regulated, and MDA, ROS and apoptosis levels were significantly down-regulated. At the same time, PG exerted antioxidant and anti-aging activities by reducing the expression of DAF-2 mRNA and increasing the expression of SKN-1 and SOD-3 mRNA in C. elegans. In addition, the mechanism of antioxidative and antiaging activities of PG was explored through gut microbiota sequencing and untargeted metabolomics. The results of gut microbiota indicated that PG could significantly improve the composition and structure of microbes in the gut of C. elegans, and the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria was up-regulated. Untargeted metabolomic results elucidated that PG modulated antioxidant and antiaging activities through neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, Citrate cycle (TCA cycle), pyruvate metabolism, ascorbate and aldarate metabolism and D-Arginine and D-ornithine metabolism of C. elegans. These results indicated that PG had excellent antioxidant and anti-aging activities, providing research value for the development of functional foods and improvement of aging-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Yi Xu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Quan-Cen Li
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Wen-Jie Zhou
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Hai-Bo Zhang
- The Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Yeast Function, Yichang, 443003, China
- School of Health Science and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Zhi-Xian Chen
- The Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Yeast Function, Yichang, 443003, China
| | - Ning Peng
- The Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Yeast Function, Yichang, 443003, China
| | - Shi-Yu Gong
- The Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Yeast Function, Yichang, 443003, China
| | - Bin Liu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Feng Zeng
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China.
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15
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Xu J, Liao W, Liu Y, Guo Y, Jiang S, Zhao C. An overview on the nutritional and bioactive components of green seaweeds. FOOD PRODUCTION, PROCESSING AND NUTRITION 2023. [PMCID: PMC10026244 DOI: 10.1186/s43014-023-00132-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2023]
Abstract
AbstractGreen seaweed, as the most abundant species of macroseaweeds, is an important marine biological resource. It is a rich source of several amino acids, fatty acids, and dietary fibers, as well as polysaccharides, polyphenols, pigments, and other active substances, which have crucial roles in various biological processes such as antioxidant activity, immunoregulation, and anti-inflammatory response. In recent years, attention to marine resources has accelerated the exploration and utilization of green seaweeds for greater economic value. This paper elaborates on the main nutrients and active substances present in different green seaweeds and provides a review of their biological activities and their applications for high-value utilization.
Graphical abstract
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16
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Huang X, Wen Y, Chen Y, Liu Y, Zhao C. Structural characterization of Euglena gracilis polysaccharide and its in vitro hypoglycemic effects by alleviating insulin resistance. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 236:123984. [PMID: 36906209 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus, characterized by hyperglycemia and insulin resistance, is a disorder of the endocrine metabolic system which has emerged as a common chronic disease worldwide. Euglena gracilis polysaccharides have ideal development potential in the treatment of diabetes. However, their structure and bioactivity are largely unclear. A novel purified water-soluble polysaccharide (EGP-2A-2A) from E. gracilis with a molecular weight of 130.8 kDa consisted of xylose, rhamnose, galactose, fucose, glucose, arabinose, and glucosamine hydrochloride. The SEM image for EGP-2A-2A suggested a rough surface with the presence of globule-like protrusions. Methylation and NMR spectral analyses revealed that EGP-2A-2A was mainly composed of →6)-β-D-Galp-(1 → 2)-α-D-Glcp-(1 → 2)-α-L-Rhap-(1 → 3)-α-L-Araf-(1 → 6)-β-D-Galp-(1 → 3)-α-D-Araf-(1 → 3)-α-L-Rhap-(1 → 4)-β-D-Xylp-(1 → 6)-β-D-Galp-(1 → with complex branching structure. EGP-2A-2A significantly increased glucose consumption and glycogen content in IR-HeoG2 cells and modulates glucose metabolism disorders by regulating PI3K, AKT, and GLUT4 signaling pathways. EGP-2A-2A significantly suppressed TC, TG, and LDL-c levels, and enhanced that of HDL-c. EGP-2A-2A ameliorated abnormalities caused by disorders of glucose metabolism and the hypoglycemic activity of EGP-2A-2A may be mainly positively related to its high glucose content and the β-configuration in the main chain. These results suggested that EGP-2A-2A played an important role in alleviating disorders of glucose metabolism through insulin resistance and has the potential for development as a novel functional food with nutritional and health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhou Huang
- College of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China; Fujian Province Key Laboratory for the Development of Bioactive Material from Marine Algae, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Yuxi Wen
- College of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China; College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Universidade de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Yihan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Chao Zhao
- College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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17
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Zhang L, Liao W, Huang Y, Wen Y, Chu Y, Zhao C. Global seaweed farming and processing in the past 20 years. FOOD PRODUCTION, PROCESSING AND NUTRITION 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43014-022-00103-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
AbstractSeaweed has emerged as one of the most promising resources due to its remarkable adaptability, short development period, and resource sustainability. It is an effective breakthrough to alleviate future resource crises. Algal resources have reached a high stage of growth in the past years due to the increased output and demand for seaweed worldwide. Several aspects global seaweed farming production and processing over the last 20 years are reviewed, such as the latest situation and approaches of seaweed farming. Research progress and production trend of various seaweed application are discussed. Besides, the challenges faced by seaweed farming and processing are also analyzed, and the related countermeasures are proposed, which can provide advice for seaweed farming and processing. The primary products, extraction and application, or waste utilization of seaweed would bring greater benefits with the continuous development and improvement of applications in various fields.
Graphical Abstract
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18
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Chen Y, Wu W, Ni X, Farag MA, Capanoglu E, Zhao C. Regulatory mechanisms of the green alga Ulva lactuca oligosaccharide via the metabolomics and gut microbiome in diabetic mice. Curr Res Food Sci 2022; 5:1127-1139. [PMID: 35865803 PMCID: PMC9294526 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) has emerged as one of the most acute public health diseases of the present time, which increases with the population ageing. This study aimed to evaluate the hypoglycaemic activity of Ulva lactuca oligosaccharide (ULO) under ageing-related diabetes conditions in an animal model. The results demonstrated that ULO can promote hypoglycaemia and delay senescence as mediated via GLP-1/GLP-1R pathway to mobilize the intercommunication between the brain and gut. In addition, twenty-six different metabolites and eight different bacteria were screened in the brain and the gut, respectively. A network relationship displayed that all-trans-retinoic acid has positive relationships with Bifidobacterium and Streptococcus, suggesting that plays a potential key role in maintaining the hypoglycaemic and anti-ageing activities of ULO. Based on these findings, ULO might be an efficient therapy for restoring blood glucose metabolism and delaying brain senescence in elderly T2D patients. U. lactuca oligosaccharide (ULO) acts as a GLP-1/GLP-1R agonist to control circulating glucose. ULO significantly reduces the expression of brain aging factor p16Ink4a. All-trans-Retinoic acid and Streptococcus are the key mediators of hypoglycemia.
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Li S, Zhou L, Zhang Q, Yu M, Xiao X. Genistein improves glucose metabolism and promotes adipose tissue browning through modulating gut microbiota in mice. Food Funct 2022; 13:11715-11732. [DOI: 10.1039/d2fo01973f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Genistein improves glucose metabolism and promotes adipose tissue browning through modulating gut microbiota in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liyuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Miao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinhua Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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